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非谓语动词精讲精练非谓语动词的定义：1.动词不做谓语；2.用动词的意义的各种形式高考主要考察的是非谓语动词做表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语期中考察非谓语动词做定语和状语是考察的重点总原则：V-ing表主动、进行V-ed表被动、完成To do表将来一．非谓语动词做表语主要的问题是interesting和interested的区别Interesting是使感兴趣的，而Interested表被激发兴趣的，看主语跟动词是主动还是被动关系二．非谓语动词做宾语补足语这里主要考的是搭配。
Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _________(amuse) with her stories.She wants her paintings_________(display) in the gallery ,but we don’t think they would be very popular.She can’t help ______(clean)the house because she is busy making a cake.三．非谓语动词做定语四步走原则：1.从选项判断是否是考察非谓语动词2.从题干判断考察是否是非谓语动词做定语（如果非谓语动词是一个词，一般放在被修饰的名词前，如果非谓语动词是多个词，一般放在被修饰的名词后）3.找到被修饰的词，判断主被动关系4.找到参照动词，判断动作是否完成When the 1st English settlers arrived in the New World,the Indians________(wear) jewelry made of animal bones greeted them warmly.Besides the Internet, television is another major way of communication________(permit) to see us to see the performer as well as to hear their voice.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule_________.(never break)With the government’s aid,those ________(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.I am going to the supermarket this afternoon, do you have anything _______(buy)?四．非谓语动词做状语四步走原则：1.从选项判断是否是考察非谓语动词2.从题干判断考察是否是非谓语动词做状语，一般放在句首，与句子共用主语3.找到被修饰的成分，判断主被动关系4.找到参照动词，判断动作是否完成________(approach) the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.________(build) from lightweight materials,the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller.____________(mail out) automatically,the e-mail will be received by all the club members. Unless__________(invite) to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.Having been attacked by terrorists,_________________.A.doctors came to their rescueB.the tall building collapsedC.an emergency measure was takenD.warning were given to tourists.In order to make our city green,______________.A.it is necessary to have planted more treesB.many more trees need to plantC.our city needs more treesD.we must plant more trees。
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高考英语语法精讲与精练-非谓语动词一、非谓语动词讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式或用适当的单词（1个）填空Let children learn [1]_________ (judge) their own work. A child[2]___________(learn) to talk does not learn by[3]_______________(correct) all the time; if [4]___________(correct) too much, he will stop [5]__________(talk). He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others’language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes [6]___________(make) his language like other people’s.In the same way, children learn to do all the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by[7]___________(compare) their own behaviors with those of more [8]_________(skill) people, and slowly make the[9]________(need) changes.But in school teachers never give a child a chance[10]___________(find) out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him [11] ___________(correct) himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would fail [12]_________(notice) a mistake if they did not point it out to him. They act as if the student would never correct it unless [13]__________(make) to. Soon he [14]____________(become)dependent on the teacher. So we should let him [15]_______ (realize) his own mistakes and work out what the answer is to that problem with the help of other children .Key:1. to judge2. learning3. being corrected4. corrected5. talking6. to make7. comparing 8. skilled 9. needed 10. to find11. to correct 12. to notice 13. made 14. becomes 15.realize二、非谓语动词考点精讲：非谓语动词考点1、谓语动词与非谓语动词的判定1、利用动词的形式判断谓语动词与非谓语动词。
非谓语动词精讲精练一、非谓语动词的形式：1、动词不定式：to do2、动词v-ing 形式：doingA. 动名词：as a nounB. 现在分词：as adj. or adv.3、动词过去分词：v-ed二、使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（已有谓语动词），有没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时，这些动词就充当了非谓语动词。
1、Tom returned from the manager’s office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.3. To live is to struggle.4. Learning English is not easy.Multiple choices:1.________many times, but she still couldn’t understand it.2.________many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Being toldC. He had been toldD. Though he was told3.It ______ a hot day, we’d better go swimming.4._______a rainy day; we decided not to go there.A. isB. to beC. beingD. It beingE. It wasF. been三、非谓语动词的句法作用。
Exercises:区分以下的非谓语动词形式；1.Running is good for our health.2.I saw him drawing in the classroom.3.I went to see my grandfather last night.4.She can’t help laughing.四、非谓语动词的解题技巧：下面从两个方面来复习非谓语动词：（一）、七大原则原则一：用作目的状语，一般用动词不定式：to do原则二：用作伴随状语，一般用现在分词：doing原则三：原作结果状语，可用to do \doing原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上用过去分词原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与主句主语相一致。
中考英语一轮复习—非谓语动词考点聚焦精讲及训练（含解析）不充当句子谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词。
它们不受主语限制，无时态与语态变化，又称非限定性动词。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
1、动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式为：“to+动词原形”，有些动词可以不用to，这里的to为不定式符号，本身无词义；不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语，但能保持动词的特点。
动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，初中阶段应该掌握的是不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法。
（1）动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末，这样可使主语不至显得太长，避免头重脚轻的现象。
动词不定式作主语的基本结构是：It+be+形容词(+for/of sb)+to do sth..To learn English well is not easy.=It is not easy to learn English well.学好英语不容易。
1.It’s easy(for me)to do that.我做这事太容易了。
2.It’s difficult for Jim to learn Chinese well.对于吉姆来说学好中文是困难的。
3.It’s important for us to protect the environment.保护环境对于我们来说是重要的。
1.It’s very kind of him to help us.他帮助我们，他真好。
2.It’s very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
1.It’s our duty to take good care of the old.2.It took me half an hour to walk there.我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
非谓语动词非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，指的是在句子中不能单独作谓语，但又具有动词特征的动词形式。
一、种类非谓语动词主要包括三种形式：不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）和分词（Participle）。
1.不定式基本形式是“to + 动词原形”（有时可省略to），例如“to study”、“to play”等。
它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语等成分。
To see is to believe.（作主语和表语）I want to learn English.（作宾语）2.动名词形式上是动词原形加-ing，和现在分词的形式一样，如“swimming”、“reading”等。
动名词在句中主要起名词的作用，可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
Swimming is my favorite sport.（作主语）I enjoy reading books.（作宾语）3.分词现在分词：也是动词原形加-ing，它既有动词特征，又有形容词和副词特征，可作定语、状语、表语和补足语。
The running boy is my brother.（作定语）Hearing the news, she couldn’t help crying.（作状语）过去分词：通常是动词原形加-ed（规则变化）或有其特殊的不规则变化形式，如“broken”、“written”等。
过去分词常表示被动或完成的意义，同样能充当定语、状语、表语和补足语等成分。
The broken cup is on the table.（作定语）Given more time, I can do it better.（作状语）二、用法区别1.作主语时不定式作主语常表示具体的某一次动作或行为，常用“It + be + 形容词+ (for/of sb.) + to do sth.”这样的结构，It is important for us to learn English well.动名词作主语往往表示抽象的、一般性的行为或概念。
非谓语动词一、什么是非谓语动词非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing.., 动名词起名词作用） Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing .分词起形容词作用） He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副词作用)二、谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：1）谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。
（teaches 动词作谓语） Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk.... 不定式作状语）2）谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Mike likes the pop music. （动词用单数第三人称形式）Lucy has nothing to do today。
（do 用原形）三、非谓语动词的特征：1、如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟宾语）To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。
（help 后跟宾语）2、非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是working 的状语）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的逻辑主语）3、非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept..是不定式的完成形式）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分词的被动形式）4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名词作用）There are two big swimming pools here. (swimming 起形容词作用)四、非谓语动词的形式变化：不定式主动被动一般 to write to be written进行 to be writing完成 to have written to have been written完成进行 to have been writing现在分词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written过去分词主动被动一般 written动名词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written考点一，动词不定式①动词不定式的构成动词不定式的基本形式是： to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义；动词不定式的否定形式是not(+ to)+ 动词原形. 如：We all dream about things that we would like to do and things we hope to achieve in the future.Let’s go in the evening.②动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak English isnot easy for us. =Itis not easy for us tospeak English.讲英语对我们来说不容易。
作主语用的不定式常常用it作形式主语。
表语My work is to cleanthe room every day. 多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为作= To clean the room every day is my work.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。
主语宾语What sports does helike to play?他喜欢做什么运动？He likes to playbasketball.他喜欢打篮球。
只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语宾补She asked me not tospeak Chinese in anEnglish class.他让我在英语课上不要讲汉语。
在make, let, see, hear, watch等使役，感官动词后，不定式省去to.定语Have you gotanything to say? 你有什么要说的吗？不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语I am sorry totrouble you.很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。
（原因）不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
I went to thelibrary to studyEnglish.我去图书馆学英语。
(目的)⑴，不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在后面。
结构为：It+be+adj.(+for/of sb)+ 动词不定式. 如：To learn English well is useful. = it is useful to learn English well. It is important for us to protect the environment.注意：在kind, nice, good, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of, 如：It is very kind of you to help me.It is very clever of you to do like that.⑵，不定时作表语不定式作表语，可转换为作主语My work is to clean the room every day. = To clean the room every day is my work.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。
⑶，不定式作宾语①，一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这些词表示命令，打算或希望的，如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等. 如：This time I want to do things different. 这次我想做不同的事情。
Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？②，在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。
如：When these kids are adults, they might find it difficult to plan things for themselves. 当这些孩子长大成人，要为自己安排事情是很难的。
③，常见的一些不带to的动词不定式Why not do…, had better（not） do…would rather do… could/ would/will you please(not) do…Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots?你能给我提点关于度假场所的建议吗？⑷，不定式作宾语补足语。
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
如：But my mother wants me to do my homework. 可是我妈妈想要我做家庭作业。
Tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.You had warned him to use the ladder.注意：还有一些使役，感官动词也用不定式作宾语补足语，这时不定式省去to。
这些动词有：一感（feel），二听（hear, listen to），三让（let, make, have），四看（look at, see, watch, notice）五帮助（help）。
但这些动词变被动语态时后要加上to。
如：Please let us know if it is best to travel by plane, train or bus.I have tried to make my mother pay more attention to me.⑸，不定式作定语。
①，动词不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。
它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
如：In the future, humans will have less work to do.He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the competition to win the prize.②，如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
如：There is nothing to worry about.⑹，不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。
如：Excuse me, could you tell me where to park my car?I am very upset and don’t know what to do.⑺，不定式作状语，如:I am sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.To make things easier, some people would rather just give money. If my grandmother fell downstairs and was not moving, I’d hurry to call the hospital first.真题连接1.The teacher told the students ___ any food into the computer room.A. not to bring B not bring C don’t bring D bring not2. Before going to the history museum, our teacher told us __ the public rules.A obeyB to obeyC obeyingD obeyed3. He will use what he has __ her a new dress.A boughtB to buyC buyingD been bought4． Why not __ your teacher for help when you can not finish __ it by yourself?A ask, writeB to ask, writingC ask, writingD asking, write 5．—Do you know Neil Armstrong?----yes, he is the first man __ on the moon.A walkB walksC to walkD walked6．---Why did you buy a radio?----- __ English.A LearnB LearningC To learnD Be learning7 We saw a UFO __ on the square in my dream.A to dropB landC wearD to fly考点二动名词①动名词的构成一般由动词原形+ing 组成②动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eating too much isbad for your health.谓语动词用单数宾语动词宾语I like playingbasketball verymuch. 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作介词宾语Stamps are used forsending letters.表语His hobby iscollecting stamps=collecting stampsis his hobby. 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语定语She is in thereading room.We should improveour Englishmethods. 只表明它所修饰的词的用途，所属关系等，置于所修饰词之前。
