下载文档原格式
人教版九年级英语Unit12单词、知识梳理/词汇句式精讲Unit12 单词backpack[bækpæk]n. 背包；旅行包oversleep v.(overslept ;overslept)睡过头give ... a lift捎（某人）一程miss[mis]v. 错过；未得到unexpected[ʌnikspektid]a.出乎意料的；始料不及的block[blɔk ]n. 街区worker[wə:(r)kə(r)]n. 工作者；工人stare[steə]v. 盯着看；凝视disbelief[disbili:f]n. 不信；怀疑above[ əbʌv]adv. 在上面；向上面pre在上面burn[bə:(r)n]v. (burnt; burned ) 着火；燃烧alive[ əlaIv]adj. 活着；有生气的take off（飞机等）起飞；匆忙离开till[til]conj. & pre到；直到west[west]adv. 向西；朝西adj. 向西的；西部的n. 西；西方cream[kri:m]n. 奶油；乳脂boss[bɔs]n. 老板；领导pie[pai]n. 果馅饼；果馅派course[kɔ:(r)s]n. 课程bean[bi:n]n. 豆；豆荚[ma:(r)kit]n. 市场；集市costume[kɔstju:m]n.服装；装束embarrassed [imbærəst] adj.窘迫的；害羞的announce[ ənauns]v. 宣布；宣告spaghetti[spəgeti]n. 意大利面条hoaxn. 骗局；恶作剧discovery[diskʌvəri]n. 发现；发觉lady[leidi]n. 女士；女子officer[ ɔfisə]n.军官；官员believable[bili:vəbl]adj.可相信的；可信任的embarrassing[imbærəsiŋ]a. 使人害羞的（难堪的或惭愧的）New Zealand[nju:zi:lənd]新西兰Italy[Itəli]意大利Mars[ma:(r)z]火星Carl[ka:(r)l]卡尔（男名）OrsonWelles[ɔ:(r)sən; welz]奥森•韦尔斯Unit12 知识梳理【重点短语】1. take a shower洗浴2. leave my backpack at home 把背包忘在家里3. get back to school 返回学校4. start teaching 开始教学5. go off 响铃6. rush out the door 冲出房门7. give sb a lift 捎某人一程8. miss both events 错过两个事件9. full of unexpected 充满着不可预知性10. be about to do sth 正要做某事11. stare in disbelief at 难以置信地盯着。
Unit12 Innovation知识点清单Ⅰ.核心单词1．(2020·天津卷7月) All who participated have gained a positive (结果) from getting involved.2．They can (克服) difficulties by themselves only if they develop the habit.3．She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash (奖金).4．His work emphasised the emotional as well as the physical (健康) of children.5．I (注意到) a change in his behaviour over those months.6．The number of the students in our school has (下降) to 2，000 in 2016.7．We (发起) a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste.8．The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more (高效地).9．They should put warning labels on those dangerous little (设备).10．The stone rolled down the mountain by (重力).11．The exhibition tells the fascinating story of the (蒸汽) age.12．She emptied both their cups and switched on the electric (水壶).Ⅱ.拓展词汇—————————[会书写]—————————1．entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐节目→v．招待，款待；使快乐；娱乐→adj.有趣的；使人愉快的2．innovation n．新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新→v．革新，创新→n．创新者→adj.创新的3．gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的→n．天赋；礼物4．productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→v t.创作；生产→n．创作；生产→n．产品5．scientific adj.科学(上)的→n．科学家→n．科学6．donate v i.& v t.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→n．捐款；捐赠(物)→n．捐赠者；赠送者7．correspond v i.通信；相符，一致→n．往来书信；通信联系；相关，相似→n．记者；通讯员→adj.符合的；相应的；相关的8．instant adj.立刻的，马上的n.瞬间；片刻→ad v. 立即conj.一……就……9．subsequently ad v. 后来，随后→adj.随后的，后来的→n．持续；紧随10．constant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的n.常量，恒量→ad v.不断地→n．坚定不移；恒久不变11．accuracy n．准确性；精准度；正确，准确→adj.精确的；准确的→ad v.精确地；准确地12．physicist n．物理学家→n．物理学→adj.身体的；物质的13．propose v t.提出(某观点、方法等)→n．建议；提议；求婚14．evaluation n．评估，评价→v t.评估，评价；估计15．theoretical adj.理论的→n．学说；理论16．boil v i.& v t. (使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮n.沸腾→adj.炽热的；很热的→adj. 煮过的17．improvement n．改善，改进；改进之处→v．改进，改善18．availability n．可能性→adj.可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的19．explode v．(使)爆炸；急剧增长→n. 爆炸20．mass n．大量，大宗adj.大量的→adj.大的；大量的；非常严重的21．regulate v t.控制，管理→n．规则→adj.定期的；有规律的→ad v.有规律地22．preserve v t.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护n．腌菜，果酱→n．维护；保护；保养—————————[会应用]—————————1．Guests panicked and screamed when the bomb (explode).2．(1)puters have replaced televisions as the most popular form of (entertain).(2)When I was young, my mother would tell stories __ me.(entertain)3．(1)It is widely acknowledged in panies that employees should be evaluated in terms of (innovate) capability.(2)Is it a coincidence that the most (innovate) panies are also the best known brands?4．(1)The Internet is the advanced (product) force. Doing things on the Internetwill do more with less.(2)He brought up a practical plan in the meeting，which brought down the cost of (product).5．(1)Like his father, Martin earned his living as a farmer, but he grew crops with (science) methods.(2)As is known to us all，Chen Wei is an outstanding Chinese woman (science) in the field of medicine.6．(1)He always (donate) money to a poor village school, which makes a difference to the local children.(2)It is reported that Jack made a generous (donate) to charity.7．As is known to all, the English language keeps changing (constant).8．(1)While making the plan, you should pay more attention to the (accurate).(2)You must measure the length in order to get the number.(accurate)9．(1)I find that doing (physics)exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more energetic.(2)It is said that this wellknown (physics) has participated in the challenge.10．(1)Buried in thought, she didn't notice the water was (boil).(2)I think it necessary that we take plenty of (boil) water every day.11．(1)I believe all these measures will lead to a great (improve) in their life.(2)I do hope that you can help me (improve) my English.12．(1)Eating properly and exercising (regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.(2)All the passengers, according to the new (regulate), are to be inspected before boarding the subway.Ⅲ.重点短语—————————[会书写]—————————1．__ 解决，想出2．__ __ 更别提3．__ __ 致力于4．__ __ __ 照某人的样子做5．__ __ 提出6．__ __ 在……有天赋7．__ __ 尽管8．__ __ __ 突然9．__ 而不是10．__ 思考11．__ 用……做实验—————————[会应用]—————————1．A suggestion has been__ __ __ that we should__recycle the textbooks.2．__ __ the fog, the crew can distinguish the coastline fairly well.3．The railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business，__ __ the better munication among those countries.4. The boy was walking in the road by the river. __ __ __ __he slipped into the river.5．Michael might be slow at mathematics, but he __ __ languages.6．We urged them to sort out the problem sooner __ later.7．You should __ the plan for a moment, and then make a decision.Ⅳ.重点句型[句型1]the way引导定语从句munications changed with the introduction of mobile phones, and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.[仿写1]你能告诉我你解决问题的方法吗？Can you tell me __ __ __ __ to solve the problem?[句型2]“There is no doubt about...”意为“毫无疑问……”There is no doubt about it.[仿写2]毫无疑问，关于这件事珍妮是清白无辜的。
1.camp[kæmp]o v. 扎营；搭帐篷o固定搭配：go camping 去野营，set up a camp 搭起帐篷o例句：We camped near the lake and had a barbecue. 我们在湖边扎营并烧烤。
ke [leɪk]o n. 湖；湖泊o固定搭配：by the lake 在湖边o例句：The view of the sunset over the lake was breathtaking.湖上的日落景色令人叹为观止。
3.beach [bi:tʃ]o n. 海滩；沙滩o固定搭配：on the beach 在海滩上o例句：We spent the afternoon relaxing on the beach. 我们下午在海滩上放松。
4.badminton['bædmɪntən]o n. 羽毛球运动o固定搭配：play badminton 打羽毛球o例句：I enjoy playing badminton in my free time. 我喜欢在空闲时间打羽毛球。
5.sheep [ʃi:p]o n. 羊；绵羊o固定搭配：a flock of sheep 一群羊o例句：The farmer counts his sheep every night before going to bed. 农夫每晚睡前都数羊。
6.as[æz]o prep.&adv. 作为；当作o固定搭配：as a result 结果，as if 好像o例句：He behaved as if he were the boss. 他表现得好像他是老板。
7.natural['nætʃərəl]o adj. 自然的o固定搭配：natural resources 自然资源o例句：She has a natural talent for music. 她有音乐天赋。
Unit12 综合知识一：重点单词必备：1.custom 可数n 风俗2.kiss n/v3. relax v.使放松relaxed adj 感到放松的relaxing adj放松的 nd 土地;国土 5.towards prep 对于，关于：朝向 6.manner 可数n 礼仪7.full adj 满的：饱的8.particular adj 特殊的particularly adv 特殊地9.familiar adj熟悉的unfamiliar adj 不熟悉的10.knife---knives 11.mostly=mainly 12.beside 在…旁边besides 除了…还有13.experiment n/v 试验14.normal adj.正常的normally adv.正常地15.wear wore worn二：必记短语1.shake hands 握手2.be supposed to do = should do 应该做…3.drop by 顺便（偶然）拜访4.call on sb (有计划)拜访某人5.after all 毕竟6.greet to 和某人打招呼7.make a noise 制造噪音8.point to 指向（远距离）9.point at 指着（近距离）10.go out of one’s way to do sth 特地（不怕麻烦地）做某事11.table manners 餐桌礼仪12.be/get used to doing 习惯于…13.be full of= be filled with 充满，装满14.物+be (un)familiar to 对…熟悉人+be (un)familiar with 对…熟悉15.for the first time 第一次16.(in) the wrong way 用错误的方式17.instead of 代替，而不是18.be relaxed about 对…要求宽松19.a bit=a little 一点20.a bit of = a little + 不可数n 一点21.spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光22.make plans to do sth. 制定计划做某事23.on time/in time 按时/及时24.the land of watches 手表之邦25.get angry 变得生气26.something interesting 有趣的事27.pick up 捡起，端起，接某人28.at the table 在餐桌上29.wipe your mouth 擦嘴30.stick…into…把…插到…里去31.walk down the street 沿着大街走32.exchange program 交流活动33.as you can imagine 正如你所想象的34.even better 更好35.make appointments 约会36.make a toast 敬酒37.give compliments 给予称赞38.cut…up 切碎39.written English 书面英语40.write quickly 写地快puter program 电脑程序42.save time 节约时间43.have conversations with sb. 和某人进行谈话44.by the way 顺便问一下45.on one’s way (to)…在去某地的路上46.can’t help/stop doing sth 忍不住做某事.47.make faces 做鬼脸48.punctuation marks 标点符号49.at the proper time 在合适的时间50.be pleased (with)sb./sth. 对某人/物满意51.a mobile phone 手机52.send a message 发送信息三、重要句型结构.1. 1)be supposed to do sth = should do sth 应该做某事；被期望做某事表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等be not supposed to do sth 不应该做某事You’re supposed to finish the work today.He isn’t supposed to run across the road.2) be supposed to have done = should have done 本应该做某事（虚拟语气结构）Tina is supposed to have passed the exam.2.a bit= a little + adj 有点 a bit/little late 有点晚a bit of = a little + 不可数n a bit of water = a little waternot a bit = not at all not a little = very much2.The first thing is to greet the teacher. 动词不定式做表语The most important thing is to make a plan.3.It’s rude to make noise while eating noodles. = It’s rude to make noise while we are eatingnoodles.4.point at 表示近距离指向point to 表示远距离指向He pointed at my nose and scolded me.I pointed to the tower and said something to her.四、重点句子。
Unit 12 Scientists Reading1 电池n；2 线圈n；3 磁铁；磁石n；4 有磁性的adj；5 发电机n；6 供给；供应v；7 向......提供......;8发动机；马达n；9 原则；原理n；10 才能；成就；完成n；11 学校教育n；12 伦敦[英国首都]；13 铁匠n；14 书店n；15 对......感兴趣；16 出席，到场；服侍v；17 讲课n；讲授v；18 听讲；听课19 先生；阁下；[英国]爵士n；20 做笔记；21 示意图；图解；图表n；22 图解；[用示例、图表等]说明，阐明v；23 兴奋，振奋，激动n；24 送信者；信差n；25 拜访；访问；26 助手；助理n；27 实验室n；28 化学；n29 玻璃器皿n；30 训练n；31 使能够v；Supplementary Reading1 不听话的；淘气的adj；2 讽刺的；令人啼笑皆非的adj；3 高兴地；以......为乐；4 火花；火星；极微的量n；5 童年时代n；6 混合；掺和v；7 与.......相混合；8 矿物n；矿物的；无机的adj；9 仅仅的；只不过adj；10 正式的；正规的adj；11 关怀，关心；爱好；12 射击v;13 射击n；14 老鼠；大鼠n；15 有病的；患病的adj；16 厌恶，使人作呕；17 一看见......；18 觉得某人某方面有吸引力；19 提高；增强，宣扬v；20 激情；酷爱；热爱n；21 热心；热情n；22 探险；探索n；23 基础；基金n；。
Module 12♦重点词汇1.factory n.制造厂;工厂2.pollute v.污染pollution n.污染3.recycle v.回收利用;再使用(废品)recycling n.回收利用4.waste n.废料;废弃物collect waste 收集废品5.enemy n.敌人;仇人6.crop n.庄稼;作物7.kill v.杀死;弄死8.oil n.石油9.less adj.较少的;较小的n.较少数;较少量10.hopeless adj.无望的hope n.&v.希望hopeful adj.充满希望的hope for sth.期待/盼望某事11.divide v.分开divide...into... 把……分成……12.plastic n.塑料adj.塑料的plastic bag/bottle 塑料袋/塑料瓶13.policy n.政策;方针make a policy for 为……制定政策14.reuse v.再次使用;重复利用15.bottle n.瓶16.repeat v.重说;重新做17.reduce v.减少;减低;缩小18.cloth n.布;布料19.ton n.吨tons of 许多;很多20.rubber n.橡胶21.rapid adj.快速的;迅速的22.step n.步骤;措施take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事23.grandson n.(外)孙子granddaughter n.(外)孙女24.be a danger to 对……有危险/伤害25.spread over cities and villages 遍及城市和乡村26.clean up 打扫;清理27.nice/good idea 好主意28.save energy 节约能源29.turn off the lights 关灯30.ask for sb.找某人;求见某人ask for sth.要某物ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物31.throw away 扔掉32.be harmful to sb./sth.=do harm to sb./sth.对某人/某物有害do harm for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事有害33.change...into=turn...into把……变成……make a change 做出改变34.try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事35.protect the environment 保护环境♦重点句型1.If the rivers are polluted,farmers can’t use the water for their crops.如果河流被污染了,农民就不能用河水灌溉庄稼。
Module 12◆重点词汇1.broken adj.破碎的2.glass n.玻璃3.stairs n.(pl.) 楼梯4.aid n.救助;帮助first aid急救5.medical adj.医学的;医疗的basic medical help基本的医疗帮助6.imagine v.想象,设想7.bottom n.底部;下端at the bottom of在……的底部8.wrong adj.有毛病的;错误的adv.不正确地;错误地What’s wrong with...?……怎么了?9.trouble n.问题;烦恼;困难v.麻烦;劳驾;费神have trouble (in) doing...做……有麻烦have trouble with ……有麻烦10.lift v.举起;抬起;提起n.电梯lift up抬起;提起11.harmful adj.有害的be harmful to sb.=do harm to sb.对某人有害处12.drop v.使落下;投下13.training n.训练;培训14.cover v.盖;盖上15.earthquake n.地震16.warn v.警告;告诫warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事17.inside n.内部;里面adv.在里面;向室内prep.在……里面adj.里面的;内部的18.under prep.在……正下方;在……下面19.window n.窗;窗户20.keep v.(kept) 保持;留在21.clear adj.不和……接触的;不挨……太近的v.清除;清理;移走keep clear of...不和……接触22.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的keep calm保持镇定23.brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的24.helpful adj.有用的;提供帮助的25.power n.电;电力power line电线26.shout for help 大声呼救27.make sure确保;确认28.jump out of从……跳出29.stay away from离开;远离30.move away走开;离开31.falling rocks滚落的石头32.in short总之,简言之◆重点句型1.First of all,find out what’s wrong with him.首先,查明他怎么了。
As引导的原因状语从句在强调句中的运用As引导的原因状语从句不能用在强调句中。
It was as he was ill that he didn’t go to school.(错)It was because he was ill that he didn’t go to school.(对)要点：目的状语从句由连词so that, in order that,for fear that, in case, lest 引导。
重点：目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may, might，can, could, should, would 等情态动词。
so that 与in order that 的区别：两个连词都意为“以便…为了…”但in order that可置于主句之前或之后，而so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
1).I’ll run slowly so that/in order that youcan catch up with me. (目的)我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我。
2).In order that fresh air might come in, Iopened the window. (目的) 。
我把窗户打开以使新鲜空气可以进来目的状语从句特殊用法：for fear that, in case 与lest.这些从属连词引导的目的状语从句，谓语动词要用“（should)+动词原形”虚拟语气。
例如：Take your rain coatfor fearthat/in caselest it (should) rain.带上你的雨衣，以防下雨注意：in case也可用于陈述语气My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in a house____there is a power cut.A. ifB. unlessC. in caseD. so that 结果状语从句主要连词：so that, so…that, such…that注意（1）so…that 与such…that 结构可以互换：It’s such an interesting film that we want to see it.= It’s so interesting a film that we want to see it.注意（2）many 多so + muchfewlittle 少1.He earns so little money that he can hardly feedhis family.2.They are such little children that they don’t movethe boxes.注意（3）so…that可用于倒装句So interesting is it a film that we want to see it.让步状语从句要点: 表示让步的状语从句由连词though/although ,even if, even though引导.难点：l，though, although当“虽然”讲, 都不能和but连用. 但是它们都可以同yet (still) 连用.Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.Although we have grown up, our parents still treatus as children.2，although, though 辨析though 可用作副词, 放在句末，用逗号隔开，意为“但是，然而”。
1).He is looking fit, though. 但是,他看上去很健康.2).He is quite experienced, he is young, though.尽管他很年轻，他很有经验。
3，as, though 引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步状语从句形容词/副词/名词、实义动词提前。
Child as /though he was, he knew whatwas the right thing to do.=Though he was a child, he knew whatwas the right thing to do.注意：句首名词不能带任何冠词。
We had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table.A. sinceB. althoughC. untilD. before让步状语从句4）"no matter +疑问词" 或"疑问词+后缀ever"No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换：no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = however注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。
让步状语从句和名词性从句的区别1，让步状语从句可以用:“疑问词+ever”=“no matter + 疑问词”来替换，名词性从句不可以。
Whoever breaks the laws, he will be punished.=He will be punished whoever breaks the laws.=No matter who breaks the laws, he will be punished.2, 名词性从句只能用“疑问词+ever”,不能用“no matter+疑问词”来替换。
Whoever breaks the laws will be punished.You can take whatever you like.——you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge .A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. What serious a problem方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…,as if, as though引导。
注意：as…, so…的用法“正如…一样”可以用“A is to B what C is to D”来替换例如：being Saturday and Sunday), we ha As water is to fish, so air is to man. =Water is to fish what air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水难点：as if / as though可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：1，He stared at me as if (he saw) seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
2，He cleared his throat as though (he will say) to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。
状语从句的简化状语从句的简化同时具备下列两个条件:1，主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it2，从句主要动词是be的某种形式。
从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
1）,When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .2）,He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.状语从句的简化①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句1，If/when you work hard=Work hard, and you will succeed.你如果努力工作就会成功。
2.If /When you turn to the left=(Turning to the left), you will find the store.如果向左拐，你就会发现那个商店。
3.If we were given=(Given) enough time, we could do the work better.给我们足够的时间，我们就能把工作做得更好。
4.If time permits (Time permitting), we will finish lesson 5 this term.装语从句的简化②由as引导的原因状语从句1.As we didn’t know (Not knowing) her address, we couldn’t find her.我们不知道她的地址，所以没找到她。
2.As I was deeply moved (Deeply moved) by his words, I promised to help him.他的话深深感动了我，我答应帮助他。
3.As it was Saturday and Sunday (It d no classes.状语从句的简化③由when, while, as, before, after引导的时间状语从句(=After sending)时1.After he had sent (=Having sent) his son off, he came back to his room.他送走儿子后就回屋去了。
2.When it is heated(=Heated), water will be changed into steam.水加热就会变成蒸汽。
3.As he was (Being young) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
4.When spring came on(=Spring coming on), the trees turned green.④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;1. She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。
