Consonant Clusters(辅音连缀)

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consonant clusters

Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀)
Practice: Act out the dialogue with your partner.
Britain’s top universities Whitney: Oxford University and Cambridge University are worldfamous universities. I want to take up graduate studies in Oxford University, Bradley. Bradley: I am sure you can as you are among the top students at school, Whitney. Whitney: Thank you for your encouragement, Bradley. Oxford is just a university city, isn’t it? Bradley: No, it is more than just a university city. It has one of Britain’s most important car factories in the suburbs of Cowley. Whitney: And the city of Oxford is home of Oxford University. It’s known as a university city. It has a huge academic community. Bradley: When was Oxford University founded, do you know? Whitney: It was founded between the 13th and the 16th centuries. Oxford University is England’s oldest university. All the colleges were surrounded by beautiful gardens.

辅音连缀Consonantcluster介绍

• 口语中读音为 [sb+元音] spend v. 花费 • How do you spend you leisure? 你是怎样消磨空闲时间的。 • He spends a lot of time with his girlfriend. 他花了很多时间与他女朋友泡在一起。 • Speak v.说话；谈话 • Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩 • I must speak with my son about his cigarette smoking. 我必须同我的儿子谈一谈他的吸烟问题。
Cry [krai] 哭泣 Cry on my shoulder. 把委屈告诉我吧。 A: Why are you crying? 你为什么哭？ B: My boyfriend and I broke up. 我和我的男朋友分手了。 Crazy [´kreizi]疯狂的 I’m crazy about you. 我为你疯狂。 It drives me crazy. 它使我疯了。 The girls all went crazy over him. 姑娘们都为他神魂颠倒。
• Pure
[pjuә] 纯正，清纯的，不掺杂的
• This is the pure truth. 这完全是事实。 • Li yang speaks pure American English. 李阳讲一口纯正的美式英语。 • It was a pure accident. 这完全是一次意外事故。 • The air is pure around here. 这一带的空气清新洁净。
• 发音时，爆破音[p]必须十分轻而短促，爆破音[p]在发音时，第二个辅音[j]的发音已经做好了准备，爆破音[p]的爆破音与第二个辅音[j]的发音同时进行，这是掌握好这一类辅音连缀的关键。 • 比较常见的错误是在第一和第二辅音之间添加元音[ә] ，主要原因是爆破音先发生了爆破。

辅音群2

一、什么是辅音群单个音位是语音学习的最基本的，实际上音位总是一连串地发出，因为说话时是以音节为单位。

音位的组合是指两个或多个元音或辅音组合在一起, 在44个音位中,8个双元音/♏✋//♋✋// ✋//☜✞//♋✞//✋☜/ /☪☜/ /✞☜/,6个破擦音/♦☞//♎✞//♦❒//♎❒//♦s//♎z/,这些音本身就是音位的组合。

辅音群又叫辅音连缀（Consonant Cluster）是同一个音节中，两个或两个以上相邻辅音的组合。

例如st ill e mpt y fie lds等。

常见的辅音连缀读音有如下两种错误：1. 辅音连缀之间加元音：如robbed /-bd/常常加入元音/i/ 或/☜/而误读成/-bid或b☜d/；spot 误读成/s☜p t/；dwell，误读成/d☜wel/2. 以/s/开头的辅音连缀在词首或词中/s/之后的清辅音依然为送气音：/spit/中 /p/发音是同一音位不同变体，这里应发成不送气音/p/而不是送气音/p h/。

一、类型常见的辅音群有两种，一是在词首或词中，二是在词尾。

1．词首或词中的辅音群英语中辅音组合主要和/s，l，r，j/这几个音位有关：a. /s/ +/p/, + /t/, +/k/, +/f/, +/m/, +/l/, +/w/, +/j//sp/ spy speak spit spark sport spinster spear/st / stay still steak star study student story stand/sk/ sky ski scold skate skim school skip/sf/ sphere spherical sphinx/sm/ small smack smith smile/sn/ snow snake snatch snap sneer/sl/ slum slim slow sleep slice/sw/ swag swear sweater swallow swan sweet /sj/ super superb superman superiorb. 爆破音和摩擦音+/l//pl/ play plow please plot /bl/ blue block blame blot /kl/ climb clock class close /gl/ glass glide glove glad /fl/ fly flee flow flash /sl/ slip slow slimc. 爆破音和摩擦音+/r//pr/ pray press prime print /tr/ try tree train truck/br/ bread breathe bring brother /dr/ drive dry drum/kr/ cream crush croak crack /gr/ green grow great grass/fr/ French free frank from /☞r/ shrill shrink shriek/ r/ three thread through throwd. /p, b, k, m, f, h, v/+/j/pure pupil beauty bureau cute curemute music few fuse huge human view以上辅音组合，一般在发音时首先发第一个音位/p b k g/，轻而短促，在发第一个音时同时准备发第二音位，要把两个音位当成一个整体，同步进行，学生最容易犯的错误是不能让两个音同步性发出，并在发音时对第一个音位的处理拖得较长。

12. 辅音连缀

Back into vowels
跟读以下元音。
/i://I//e//æ / /a://ɒ//ɔ://u://ʊ/ /ʌ//ɜ://ə/ /ei//ai//ɔi//au//əu/ /iə//eə//uə/
( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) )
A keyword wild leave haircut book
Sounds 辨识发音
舌尖上齿龈成阻泄出气流时随之下降
/t/和/d/两个辅音结尾的名词或动词后加上“-s”
辅音连缀/ts/的读音和汉语普通话 ci（次）相似，/dz/和z（资）相似。
Fill in the blanks!
A: The wind blows the ______ the farm fields. I’m all to ears. B: This truck ______ ten people.
辅音连缀
/ts/
本土时间
/dz/
Native Time Omission
Consonant Clusters /tr/ /dr/
辅音连缀
/ts/
本土时间
/dz/
Native Time Omission
两个或两个以上的辅音在一个词中同时出现，构成一个不含元音的辅音群
念辅音连缀时必须做到： ①不在辅音之间添加元音 ②也不能吞没辅音连缀中的任何一个辅音
本土时间
/dz/
Native Time Omission
Consonant Clusters /tr/ /dr/
辅音连缀
/ts/
本土时间
/dz/
Native Time Omission

第十二单元英语辅音连缀

语音知识小站: 常用后缀的读音
1) 绝大多数后缀不重读，读音是/i/的，往往可读作。
2)有些后缀在不同的单词或词性中有不同的读音。
3) –sion与-tion的发音情况: –sion在辅音后读/-ʃən/ ex’tension; ‘tension; im’pulsion 在元音后读/-ʒən/ con’fusion; de’cision; in’vasion; oc’casion -tion 一般读/-ʃən/ at’tention; in’vention; ‘station
音素体验: /tr/ a tree a trip a train
音素体验: /dr/ a dress a driver a drink a dream drunk
对话演练 (dialogues)
1) A: What can I do for you? B: Well，I'll join a make-up party，so I want to dress my hair strangely. A: No problem. The hairdresser is coming. But your hair is very dry, let’s have a try to… B: No, thanks. I just want to dress my hairstyle at once.
脱口而出(Speak out)
1) Some people like keeping pets. 3) I bought a pair of boots.
朗读下列语句，注意发好尾辅音连缀/ts/和/dz/。
2) It's raining cats and dogs.下着倾盆大雨。

英语复辅音结尾

英语复辅音结尾English Answer:Consonant clusters, also known as consonant blends, are groups of two or more consonants that occur together in a single syllable. In English, there are several common consonant clusters that appear at the end of words.One type of final consonant cluster is the stop consonant cluster, which consists of a stop consonant followed by a voiceless fricative. For example, the words "apt," "kept," and "act" all end in stop consonant clusters. Another type of final consonant cluster is the liquid consonant cluster, which consists of a liquid consonant (such as "l" or "r") followed by a voiceless consonant. For example, the words "milk," "help," and "warm" all end in liquid consonant clusters.In addition to these two main types of final consonant clusters, there are also a few less common types. Theseinclude the nasal consonant cluster, which consists of a nasal consonant followed by a voiceless consonant, and the affricate consonant cluster, which consists of an affricate consonant followed by a voiceless consonant.The presence of final consonant clusters can affect the pronunciation and spelling of words. For example, the word "apt" is pronounced with a voiceless "t" at the end, while the word "keep" is pronounced with a voiced "d" at the end. This difference in pronunciation is due to the presence of the voiceless fricative "f" in the word "apt" and the voiced fricative "v" in the word "keep."Final consonant clusters can also affect the spelling of words. For example, the word "milk" is spelled with a "k" at the end, while the word "help" is spelled with a "p" at the end. This difference in spelling is due to the presence of the voiceless consonant "l" in the word "milk" and the voiced consonant "b" in the word "help."The use of final consonant clusters in English is an important part of the language's phonology and orthography.These clusters can affect the pronunciation and spelling of words, and they can also help to create a sense of rhythm and flow in the language.中文回答：辅音群，也称为辅音混合，是指一个音节中同时出现的两个或多个辅音。

语音5 Consonant clusters 辅音连缀

Nasal Plosion 鼻腔爆破 / t,d+m,n/

When /t/ or /d/ is followed by /n/ or /m/, as in button /b∧ tn/ and garden / ga:dn/, the explosion of the plosive takes place through the nose. 一. 同一音节内 [tn]: written Britain certain frighten button oughtn’t shortened [dn]: pardon wooden gardens 二. 不同音节间
Lateral Plosion 舌边爆破 / t,d+l/

When /t/ or /d/ is followed by /l/ as in little /litl/ and middle /midl/ , the tongue-tip remains on the ridge of the upper front teeth, but one or both sides of the tongue are suddenly lowered so that the breath passes out with lateral plosion. 一. 同一音节内 middle muddle little battle 二. 不同音节间 late/ly bad/ly good luck

Incomplete Plosion

不完全爆破: 当一个爆破音紧跟另一个爆破音或摩擦音或破擦音时,第一个爆破音不发生爆破, 即只做这个音的口形,稍停,随即发后面的音. a. 爆+爆 helped fact, rubbed, goodbye b. 爆+摩 text /ks/, ask them,bright sky c. 爆+破 lecture object d. 爆+爆+爆 I slept badly. Collect pennies

音标专业术语

1.元音vowels2.前元音front vowels3.中元音central vowels4.后元音back vowels5.双元音diphthongs6.辅音consonants7.清辅音（有声辅音）voiceless8.浊辅音（无声辅音）voiced9.音节syllable10.重读音节stressed syllables11.单音节monosyllabic12.双音节disyllabic13.多音节polysyllabic14.重读闭音节stressed close syllables15.重读开音节stressed open syllables16.绝对开音节17.相对开音节18.弱读reduced forms19.单词重音word stress20.语调intonation21.辅音连缀consonant clusters22.S后清音浊化23.节奏rhythm24.连读linking of sounds25.音标phonics26.音素phoneme27.音标框phonics frame28.半元音semi-vowels29.缩读contractions30.字母组合compound letters31.升调rising tone32.降调falling tone33.元音字母34.辅音字母35.请找出以下单词的相同点（发音上的，写法上的）Please find out thesimilarity in the pronunciation\spelling among these words.36.写上单词划线部分的音标Please write the phonics of the lettersunderlined.37.让我们来比较一下[ I ]和[ e ]的发音Let’s compare the sound of[ I ] with [ e ]. Please find out the differences among the sounds of these words.38.[ i ]有那些字母组合What compound letters are pronounced[ i ]?39.cat中的a发音…The letter “a” in “cat” makes the sound\is pronounced…40.看谁做得又好又快Let me see that who is better.。

语音学辅音连缀consonant clusters

/ S /, /Z/
/h/ / k /, /g/
/ tS /, / dZ / /N/
nasal lateral
frictionless continuant glide / semi-vowel
/r/
/w/
/j/
Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀)
A consonant cluster is a combination / sequence of two or more consonants. Consonant clusters may occur at the beginning of a word (an initial cluster), at the end of a word (a final cluster), within a word (a medial cluster), or between two words: scramble twelfth explosion next spring No vowel should be allowed in between.
Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀)
/ tr /, / dr / / ts /, / dz / / tj / → / tS / , / dj / → / dZ / plural noun / third person singular verb marker -s/-es: voiceless consonant + -s → / s / voiced consonant / vowel + -s → / z / / s /, / z /, / S /, / tS /, / dZ / + -es → / Iz / past tense marker -ed / -d: voiceless consonant + -ed / -d → / t / voiced consonant / vowel + -ed / -d → / d / / t /, / d / + -ed → / Id / * P. 98. II

英语语音_008

Incomplete Plosion
Plosives + Plosives (爆破音加爆破音) active post-card wet ground blackboard September next door bookcase put down stop talking
When a plosive consonant is immediately
But in our language there is no consonant cluster.
In Chinese two consonants are usually separated by a vowel. So many Chinese students may have difficulty reading consonant clusters with no vowel between them.
spring spray(喷洒) sprout(发芽,抽条) sprinkle(洒,撒)
spruce(潇洒的) spread [str] string straight strong stride(大步走)
street
[skr] scream scroll(卷轴) screw(螺旋) scratch(搔，抓) script(手稿)
破).
If three plosive consonants come together, there is still one explosion of the third consonant. For example:
correct time [k[5rekt °° 5taim]
Practise the following:
II. Homework

consonant cluster例子

consonant cluster例子
在语言学中，辅音串（consonant cluster）是指连续出现的两个或多个辅音音素。

这个音素序列在词的开头、中间或结尾都可能出现。

让我们来看几个常见的辅音串例子。

1. 在词的开头：
- "black"（黑色）：这个词以一个辅音串开始，/b/和/l/，形成了一个清晰的辅音串。

- "splash"（飞溅）：开头的辅音串/s/和/p/给词汇带来了一种活力和强烈的感觉。

2. 在词的中间：
- "text"（文本）：这个词包含两个辅音串，/t/和/k/在中间形成了一个辅音串，让这个词很简洁。

- "hamster"（仓鼠）：这个词中的辅音串/st/以及后面的/rs/产生了一个特殊的
音韵效果。

3. 在词的结尾：
- "jump"（跳跃）：这个词以一个辅音串结束，/m/和/p/，使单词有一个明确
的结束音。

- "trick"（戏法）：结尾的辅音串/ck/增添了一种刺激感。

在以上例子中，我们可以看到辅音串在词汇中的重要作用。

它们使得词语的发
音更加丰富多彩，增加了语言的表达能力。

同时，辅音串的出现也为发音的流畅度和速度提供了挑战。

在学习某种语言时，了解并正确发音辅音串是很重要的。

通过练习和反复听力，我们可以逐渐掌握并正确使用这些辅音串，从而更加准确地表达自己。

音标读音规则大全

音标发音规则大全辅音连缀(Consonant Clusters 33)[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl] [sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw][wr] [pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:] [vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju] [tʃə][ʒə]元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。

例如：everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[ɔ:]有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。

其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。

例如：sun太阳+ day[ei]日子＞Sunday[i] 星期天holy神圣+ day[ei]日子＞holiday[i] 假日break中断+ fa st[α:]斋戒＞breakfast[ə] 早餐c up茶杯+ board木板[ɔ:] ＞cupboard[ə] 碗柜发音规则1.两个子音字母在一起时，有时只发其中一个子音字母的音write [r] know [n] sign [n] damn [m] bomb [m] 2.两个母音字母在一起时，通常只发其中一个母音字母的基本音aim [ei] boat [əu]people [i:] sea [i:] soul [əu] 3.单子音字母+le结构前的母音，通常发长的音able [ei] eagle [i:] people [i:] title [ai] noble [əu] 4.单一子音字母（除r外）+e 结尾时，则其前的母音字母发长音bake[ei] dene [i:] bike [ai] code [əu] assume [ju:] 5.两个子音前的母音音素发短音carry [æ] kettle [e]lift [i] soft [ɔ] tuck [ʌ]6.字母c在字母e,i,y前，读[s]，否则读作[k]cell [s] cite [s] cycling [s] cap [k] cat [k]7.字母g在字母e,i,y前，读[dʒ]，否则读[g]age [dʒ] gigantic[dʒ] gyp [dʒ] glass [g] go [g]8.字母组合ti,si,ci不在单字的第一个音节时，读作[ʃ]action ancient official asian misssion9.s后的轻子音要浊化skate spirit sport strain street。

CONSONANT CLUSTERS AT THE END OF A WORD辅音在词尾

EXERCISE 1: remove a consonant sound from the end of each word. Which word do you get?Example: think thin1. went _____________2. field _____________3. change _____________4. six _____________5. build _____________6. shelf _____________7. wealth_____________8. guest _____________9. wild _____________10. hold _____________EXERCISE 2: What are these words? Practise pronouncing them.1. /Өɪn / __________ /Өɪɳ/ __________ /Өɪɳk/__________2. /hel/ __________ /held/ __________ /help/__________3. /fɜ:/ __________ /fɜ:s/ __________ /fɜ:st/__________4. /peɪn/ __________ /peɪnt/ __________ /peɪnts/ __________5. /nek/ __________ /nest/ __________ /nekst/__________6. /ten/__________ /tens/__________ /tents/__________EXERCISE 3: read one of the sentences and test your partner. Which sentence was it?1. Is that your guess/guest?2. They learn/learnt quickly.3. They burn/burnt the food.4. I don’t need more pain/paint!5. It was hell/held in Paris.6. This is the next/nest.7. I have some new plans/plants.8. I like the rose/roast.EXERCISE 4: how many final consonant sounds to the words in the box have, 1, 2, 3 or 4?Accents Against Aspects Attempts AxeContexts Diamonds Ears Earth Laughed Risked Sculpts Stamps Talked Tempts TouchedSome final clusters with three or four consonants can be difficult to pronounce even for native speakers, so they tend to be simplified. Look at the following examples:Twelfths /twelӨs/Products /prɒdʌks/Texts /teks/EXERCISE 4: Dictation. Listen and write down the sentences you hear.1. ________________________________________________________2. ________________________________________________________3. ________________________________________________________4. ________________________________________________________5. ________________________________________________________6. ________________________________________________________STUDENT A Dictate the following sentences to your partner. Pay attention to the pronunciation of final clusters.1. Most students left their desks.1. My best friend arrived dressed in the latest fashion.2. I can’t stand the president’s friends.3. Mrs Williams looked distant and unpleasant.4. Vincent didn’t send me a postcard.5. I just think you must forget the past.6. The tasks were difficult but pleasant.STUDENT B Dictate the following sentences to your partner. Pay attention to the pronunciation of final clusters.1. In fact, I last had crisps in August.2. I jumped and almost crashed the lamp.3. She wrapped the gifts with striped paper and ribbons.4. Don’t forget to ask the parents to bring their masks.5. She thinks most tourists are just objects.6. Consonants at the end of words must be pronounced.。

成音节

例如：/-bl/ /-zm/ /-vn/ /-pl/ /-tl/ /-dl/
• 注：1. bottom, button等不属于成音节辅音，因为它们的第二个音节里含有元音音素。
2. 美式英语在某些单词结尾的音节中，在/l/ /n/前都加了/ә/,即/bәl/,/pәl/,/sәn/,/pәl/，所以成音节更适应英式英语。例如： seven [sevәn], musician [mju:'ziʃәn]
成音节
• 概念：
在英语里，通常一个音节要含有一个元音，所以通常意义上的一个音节可能是一个独立的一个元音或一个元音加上一个辅音或一个元音加上几个辅音构成但是有些辅音如/m/、/n/、/l/等，他们比较特殊，发音较响亮，因此可以和另一个辅音一起构成一个音节，这种音节是以这些音结尾的这样的音节叫成音节。/l/ /m/ /n/就叫成节音 (syllabic consonant)。
-dle, -dal : middle, medal
-cle, -cal : article, physical, typical
-gel :
angle
“辅音+/l/”构成的成音节
• 7. /-fl/ -ful : beautiful • 8. /-vl/ -val, -vel : festival, travel • 9. /-ml/ -mal, -mel : animal, camel • 10. /-nl/ -nal : traditional • 11. /-sl/ -cil : pencil • 12. /l/ -cial : special
辅音连缀在词尾
• 清辅音+ /s/ caps lips books roofs desks takes asks

辅音连缀

Initialconsonantsandconsonantclusters词首辅音及辅音连缀
通情况下，英语的单词可以由一个、两个或者三个辅音作为开头。

发音时注意，辅音连缀之间千万不能随意添加元音音素，比如单词strong（强壮的）决不能发成汉语的“死壮”的发音，因为[s]后面是没有元音的，而直接是一个辅音[tr]。

发音时只要注意把第一个[s]发得轻而短，而后面一个辅音一定要发得重而长，注意力集中在第二个辅音之上就行了。

Finalconsonantsandconsonantclusters词末辅音及辅音连缀
同词首辅音及辅音连缀相同，英语单词可以以一个、两个或者三个辅音结尾。

发音时仍然要注意不能在辅音与辅音之间任意添加元音音素，我在讲述辅音的时候都多次强调过，这里再提醒一遍，例如单词tasks（任务，复数）就不可以发成[t?sk?s]，听起来不像英语发音，反而倒更像汉语拼音了！
详见以下表格：
精心整理
精心整理。

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/p, b, k, g/ 必须十分轻而短促，它的爆破与第二个辅音的发音同步进行。
/f, , ,t/+ /l/ : fly /r/: freeze three Shrek try
发音时，摩擦音和/l/ or /r/同步进行。
• spy store ski spare steer
• score spear stay sky spar • 清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/位于/s/后, /p/ /t/ /k/不送气
stupid/ stju:.p d/ skew /skju:/ excuse/ik 'skju:s/
scutum/ skju:.t m/ splash /spl / split/split/
throw / r / three/ ri:/
throat/
t/
through/ ru:/ thread/ red/ thrash /r /
shrink/ ' r k/ shrewd/ u:d/ shrub/ r b/
shrive/ raiv/ shred/ red/
Consonant Clusters（辅音连缀）
• [g]+[l] /[r]
eg. glad grow
• 发音时，爆破音[g]必须十分轻而短促，爆破音[g]在发音时，第二个辅音[l]的发音已经做好了准备，爆破音[g]的爆破音与第二个辅音[l] /[r]的发音同时进行，这the following words.
spread /spred/ spring/spri / sprout /spraut/ street /stri:t/ straight/streit / strike/straik/ scran /skr n/ screw
/skru:/scripture/ skr p.t / spurious /'spju . ri. s/ spume/spju:m/ spue/spju:/ student/ stju:.d nt/ studio/ stju:.dj. u/
进行，这是掌握好这一类辅音连缀的关键。
• 比较常见的错误是在第一和第二辅音之间添加元音[ ] 。 • 纠正方法是：摩擦音[f] 必须与第二个辅音[l] /[r]的发音同时进行。
/p, b, k, g/+
/l/: play blue class glass /r/: proud brown crush green /j/: pure build cure
(unaspirated)：spot, stop, sky.
• [sp]+[l] /[r] /[j] • [sk]+[r] /[w] eg.
split spring stupid scream
spread scrub
strict square
• 在发音时，第一个摩擦音[s]读得短而轻，第二个爆破音在发音时必须少送气并与第三个辅音同时进行完成发音。 • 三个辅音之间不能加元音[ ]。
• 比较常见的错误是在第一和第二辅音之间添加元音[ ]，主要原因是爆破音先发生了爆破。
• 纠正方法是：爆破音[g]的爆破必须与第二个辅音[l] /[r]的发音同时进行。
• [f]+[l] /[r] eg.
fly floor flatter fresh free from
• 发音时，摩擦音[f]必须十分轻而短促，摩擦音[f]在发音时，第二个辅音[l] /[r]的发音已经做好了准备，摩擦音[f] 的发音与第二个辅音[l] /[r]的发音同时

Consonant Clusters(辅音连缀)

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