2011 IECP instruction to HQU

北 京 科 技 大 学2011年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号： 843 试题名称： 信号系统与数字电路 （共 5 页） 适用专业： 电子科学与技术 说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================信号系统部分1. （本题9分）对于某个连续系统的输入输出关系为)()1()}({)(t x t t x T t y +==，)(t x 为输入信号，)(t y 为输出信号。

请判断该系统是否为（1）线性系统，（2）时不变系统，（3）因果系统，（4）稳定系统，并说明理由。

2. （本题9分）已知信号)(t x 和)(t y 的波形分别如图1.1所示，且有)()(*)(t y t h t x =，请画出信号)(t h 的波形图。

图1.1 第2题信号)(t x 和)(t y 的波形3. （本题9分）设信号为221)(ta t x +=，求该信号的傅里叶变换)(ωj X 。

4. （本题9分）求如图1.2所示两个离散信号][n x 和][n h 的卷积][*][][n h n x n y =，并画出][n y 的波形。

图1.2 第4题信号][n x 和][n h 的波形5. （本题9分）求两信号的卷积结果tt t t ππππ8)8sin(*2)2sin( 6. （本题10分）已知某信号的频谱为)(22)(33)(2ωπδωωωω+++-+=j j j F ，求该信号)(t f 。

电子科技大学国际合作教育与出国（境）交流本科学生学籍(学分)管理办法（试行）第一章总则第一条为培养具有国际视野和国际竞争能力的开放型、复合型人才，进一步规范我校国际合作教育与交流项目的教学管理，确保我校海外校际合作学生交流工作规范、健康、有序进行，特制定本办法。

第二条本办法中的“国际合作教育与交流项目”是指由电子科技大学与国外大学共同签订的各类教育协议所规定的联合教育与交流项目。

第三条本办法中的“出国（境）交流学生”是指由我校选派到国（境）外参加国际合作教育与交流项目规定的教学活动的我校在籍普通全日制本科学生。

第二章选拔、推荐程序第四条学校国际合作与交流处、国际教育学院依据学校与国外大学的协议要求，按时公布国际合作教育与交流项目的相关信息。

第五条选拔推荐程序1、符合国际合作与交流项目要求的学生，可自愿申请参加国际合作与交流项目。

2、经学生所在学院推荐，教务处审核后，由国际合作与交流处、国际教育学院遵照相关协议要求，按选拔、推荐条件进行审核批准。

3、人选确定后，由国际合作与交流处、国际教育学院将名单送相关部门及学院备案。

第六条“成电英才计划”实验班的学生，其参加国际合作与交流项目的申请、选拔推荐工作由“成电英才计划”指导委员会负责，确定人选后将学生名单报教务处备案。

第三章办理出国（境）留学的程序第七条学生被选派学生在出国（境）学习前应与学校签订有关协议，明确各自的权利与义务。

第八条学生出国（境）学习申请获准后，申请人自行办理出国（境）留学签证手续，国际合作与交流处、国际教育学院将给与必要的协助。

第四章办理出国（境）留学手续滞留期间学籍(学分)管理第九条出国留学学生，因出国（境）手续尚未办理完毕而滞留期间，必须随原班继续学习。

第十条学生在赴国（境）外学习前，应在详细了解国（境）外大学有关专业的教学计划的基础上结合本专业的培养计划制定个人在国（境）外大学的修读计划。

国（境）外修读计划中，在国(境)外大学所修的学分（或学时）总量原则上应和学生在电子科技大学相应学期按培养计划应修读学分（或学时）总量相当，所修课程原则上应与其在电子科技大学专业修读课程内容相近。

中国科学技术大学本科教育教学简报2013年第20期(总第550期) 中国科学技术大学教务处9月25日2013年春季学期本科教学检查及课堂教学学生问卷结果通报学生对课堂教学满意和比较满意的课程比率为：99.9 % 2013年上半年教务处开展了系列教学检查活动，了解教学情况，加强信息反馈和改进，对于促进和提高教学质量起到了良好的推动作用。

2013年4月10日至4月19日，教务处集中开展了全校范围的本科教学检查。

各院系以组织院系领导和老教师听课，召开师生座谈会以及学生问卷调查等方式全面了解教学情况，将学生的意见和建议反馈给任课老师，及时调整和解决发现的问题。

各学院在常规检查的基础上，不断采取新的有效措施，对规范教学管理，提高教学效果起到了很好的作用。

学校教学督导组的老师分别参加了各学院的师生座谈会，并对整个学期的课堂教学和期末考试等教学活动进行了全面而深入的检查指导。

教学检查活动中的一项重要内容是请学生在网上填写“课堂教学质量评估表”，由学生对任课老师的教学态度、教学内容、教学方法和教学效果等进行评分并提出意见和建议。

这是帮助任课老师了解学生意见，改进教学方式，提高教学水平的有效途径。

在各院系教学秘书的大力支持下，一共对817个理论课（包括公共选修课、研讨课和双学位课）、72个实验课、138个体育课课堂进行了问卷调查。

收回理论课程评估表42801份、实验课程评估表4809份和体育课程评估表3357份。

在此，我们感谢各院系认真细致的工作和同学们的大力配合!教务处对收回的42801份理论课程的评估表进行了认真整理和分析，结果是：学生满意的课程(评估得分≥4.50)共750门，占测评课程总数的91.80%；比较满意的课程(3.75分≤得分<4.50)66门，占测评课程总数的8.08%，学生评估满意和比较满意的课程共816门，占测评课程数的99.88%,学生评估一般的课程(3.0分≤得分<3.75)共1门，占测评课程总数的0.12%；学生不满意(得分<3.0分)的课程数为0。

2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama governmenta 4 to make the Web a safer place — a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 , the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods”and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'"Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless4． A.reason B.reminder promise D.proposal 5． rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6． A.by B.into C.from D.over7． A.linked B.directed C.chained pared 8． A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9． A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10． A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11． A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12． A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13． A.trusted B.modernized C.thriving peting 14． A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience 15． A.on B.after C.beyond D.across 16． A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united 17． A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually 18． A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm 19． A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible 20． A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But bythe end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just takingup too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, adviserson a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals.If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then theysimply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.”Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors [B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters [D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable [B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market [D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm [B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm [D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive [B]positive[C]scornful [D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the statesubsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralpheveryday life - few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers - but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ .[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do notobey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic ［B］desperate［C］conceited ［D］hopefulPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said:“If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/hera letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48Directions:Write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsyou should write at least 150 wrodswrite your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)2011英语二参考答案1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A8．C 9．C 10．B11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 16．A 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．D21-25 BDCAD 26-30 DBCAA 31-35 CDCDB 36-40 BCBAD41.E 42.D 43.C 44.B 45.G参考答案从全球围来看，有谁会想到IT 行业释放の温室气体与全球航空公司产生の一样多呢？它大约占总二氧化碳总排量の2%。

教育部关于公布2010年申请的中外合作办学项目部分批准名单的通知【法规类别】教育综合规定【发文字号】教外综函[2011]7号【发布部门】教育部【发布日期】2011.02.22【实施日期】2011.02.22【时效性】现行有效【效力级别】XE0303教育部关于公布2010年申请的中外合作办学项目部分批准名单的通知（教外综函[2011]7号）各省、自治区、直辖市教育厅（教委），新疆生产建设兵团教育局：有关省（区、市）教育厅（教委）于2010年3月和9月向我部提交的中外合作办学项目申请文件收悉。

根据《中外合作办学条例》及其实施办法的有关规定，我部组织专家对符合受理条件的90个项目进行了评议。

根据专家评议结果，经研究，决定批准电子科技大学与葡萄牙ISCTE里斯本大学学院合作举办管理学博士学位教育项目等20个中外合作办学项目（名单见附件1）。

其余项目的审批结果另行通知。

举办批准的项目，应严格按照相应中外合作办学项目信息表（见附件2）的内容执行。

请有关省教育厅加强对有关高等学校的监管，要求其严格按照《中外合作办学条例》及其实施办法的规定和我部有关规范性文件的要求，规范办学，加强管理，坚持公益性原则，坚持引进优质教育资源、加强能力建设的导向，并切实将该项目纳入全校教育教学活动的统筹规划，努力促进学校的学科专业和师资队伍建设。

办学过程中有何重大问题，请及时向我部报告。

2010年以前各高等学校提出申请但未获得批准的项目，可以重新申报。

我部将按照教育规划纲要的要求，扩大教育对外开放，鼓励引进外国优质教育资源，规范办学，依法管理，推进中外合作办学科学发展。

特此通知。

附件：1．批准举办的中外合作办学项目名单（20个）2．中外合作办学项目信息表（1113N-1132N）3．中外合作办学项目批准书（另发）（略）中华人民共和国教育部二○一一年二月二十二日附件1：批准举办的中外合作办学项目名单（20个）。

2011英语二大作文In the modern era, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, and its influence on education is no exception. The essay will explore the multifaceted impact of technology on the educational sector, focusing on both its advantages and challenges.Firstly, technology has revolutionized the way information is disseminated and accessed. With the advent of the internet, students can now access a wealth of knowledge at the click of a button. Online resources such as educational videos, e-books, and digital libraries have made learning more convenient and efficient. This ease of access to information has the potential to democratize education, allowing students from all backgrounds to tap into a vast pool of knowledge.Secondly, technology has introduced innovative teaching methods that cater to different learning styles. Interactive whiteboards, educational apps, and virtual reality simulations are just a few examples of how technology is making learning more engaging and personalized. These tools can help students to better understand complex concepts by providing visual and interactive representations, which can be particularly beneficial for kinesthetic and visual learners.However, the integration of technology in education is not without its challenges. One of the primary concerns is thedigital divide, where unequal access to technology can exacerbate existing educational inequalities. Students in underprivileged areas may not have the same access to technological resources as their peers, which can put them at a disadvantage in terms of learning opportunities.Additionally, there is the issue of screen time and its potential impact on students' health. Prolonged exposure to screens can lead to eyestrain, poor posture, and even addiction to digital devices. It is crucial for educational institutions to find a balance between the benefits of technology and the need for physical activity and social interaction.In conclusion, technology has brought about significant changes in the field of education, offering bothopportunities and challenges. While it has the potential to enhance learning experiences and make education more accessible, it is important to address the issues of the digital divide and the health implications of excessive screen time. As we continue to navigate the role of technology in education, it is essential to adopt a holistic approach that maximizes the benefits while mitigating the risks.Word Count: 350 words。

2011年下半年CPS新生报考通知点击：2021 发布时间：2011-08-29 来源：Admin广东省采购与供应管理专业自学考试2011年11月份考试新生报名报考工作即将开始，考生报名报考手续必须按规定办理，逾期不予办理。

报名（产生采购与供应管理自考准考证号码）与报考（报考科目）工作流程如下：一、新生(未取得采购与供应管理管理专业准考证号者)报名与报考：1、预报名：新生自行上广东省自学考试网的报名报考系统进行预报名（http://www.stegd. /selfec/）,设定个人密码，获取预报号。

预报名时注意：选取的正式报名县区(摄像点)为“广州市区”。

2、摄像：考生自行到照相馆进行电子照片摄像，把照片用U盘或者光盘拷到我中心，由我中心考务人员现场处理，或以电子邮件方式发到我中心邮箱。

注：邮件格式：邮件名，“姓名+身份证号”，格式不正确，影响准考证的办理，后果自负。

照片规格：背景布选取浅蓝色，要求垂感和吸光好，可以是棉布、毛涤等。

成像区上下要求头上部空1/10，头部占7/10，肩部占1/5，左右各空1/10，图像大小最小为209X144（高X宽），成像区大小为48mmX33mm（高X宽）,图像为50K 以下。

3、正式报名：考生在正式报名时，确认资料无误，携电子照片、提供预报名号给我中心，经审核通过后才可以成功报考，考生将得到一个自考准考证号。

4、报考：凭自考准考证回执单认真填写《报名表》、《报考表》，缴交报名报考费等费用后进行报考，报考资料一经填报，不得更改。

报考还需提交以下材料：1、身份证复印件一份；2、1寸或2寸彩照一张。

5、备注：报名不可代办手续，需本人办理。

二、时间：新生报名、报考时间：2011年9月9日～11日。

时间为：9：00～17：00。

三、领取准考证及考试通知单：时间：准考证考试当周的周二～周五发放，考试通知单自行上网打印。

注：领取准考证需携带身份证原件领取，否则不予以发放。

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