2013年暨南大学语言学及应用语言学考研真题(一),参考书及复试线,考研复习规划

复试试题（语言学及应用语言学）复试试题（语言学及应用语言学）2000年现代汉语1. 填空2. 名词解释：基本词汇、存现句、音素和音位、比喻和比拟3. 句法分析4. 现代汉语词汇的特点5. 哪几种把字句不能或不宜变换成主谓宾句式2001年1. 汉民族共同语形成的过程2. /e/代表几个音素，为什么可以用一个/e/代表几个音素3. 给下列轻声字写出国际音标，并说明轻声引起了哪几种音变：棉花、豆腐等10-15个词4. 同义词辨析：仔细/细心常常/经常/往往5. 归并义项：“轻”的多个义项6. 词性标注，并说明其语法功能7. 分析歧义句，说明变换分析法与层次分析法的区别：保护了小张的奶奶8. 歧义分化的实质是什么9. 指出下列单位中，哪些是词、字、短语，说明三者之间的关系如何10. 说说你是如何理解“语法的动态多角度验证”的。

04年复试现代汉语部分（30分）一，什么是轻声？轻声对韵母的读音有哪些影响？并举例说明。

二，什么是词汇？它有几个组成部分？各包括什么？举例说明。

（一说：汉语有几级词汇单位？）三，对下列各词的进行比较，说明其用法有何异同。

并举例。

1，每—各； 2，吗—呢四，“听说他马上回来”和“命令他马上回来”有何区别，请加以论证。

古代汉语部分（30分）一，解释黑体字的义项，如果是活用，说明活用的类型。

（5个）（10分）二，标点并翻译短文（《孟子》节选），并回答问题：找出宾语前置的句子，并说明原因是什么。

（20分）语言学概论部分（40分）一，名词解释1，组合关系和聚合关系 2，义素分析法 3，历史比较法二，严式标音（马、谈、见、猫等）指出其中元音是几个音位，为什么？三，以语言结构各要素和社会联系的不同，说明语言发展的不平衡性。

四，用变换分析法说明下列两个句子在语义上的差别。

这位领导我也不认识。

这种植物我也不认识。

05年复试语言学概论部分（30分）一，名词解释1，亲属语言 2，屈折语 3，音质音位 4，语法范畴二，简答1、口语和书面语的关系2、语言发展变化的两大特点3、词汇意义和语法意义的区别。

2013年广东暨南大学汉语国际教育考研真题一、汉语语言学基础知识题（共80分）1.填空题（每空2分，共16分）（1）现代汉语中有三个鼻辅音，其中的两个是（、）。

（2）“暮”的意思是（）。

（3）“国家”的意思是“国”、“家庭”的意思是“家”，这种词叫（）。

（4）“明天不可不蚤来”中假借字是（）。

（5）杜牧“停车坐爱枫林晚。

”中“晚”的意思是（）。

（6）“西安”与“先”的拼音区别是用不用（）符号。

（7）中国最古老的成系统的文字离现在有（）年历史。

（8）“他高兴得跳了起来。

”中“高兴”是（）语。

2.判断题（正确的打√错误的打×；每小题2分，共10分）（1）部首和偏旁是一样的。

［］（2）古文字就是繁体字，今文字就是今天使用的简化字。

［］（3）“涂有饿莩而不知发。

”中“涂”指“通途”即“道路”。

［］（4）“凤毛麟角”的意思是“比喻珍贵而稀少的人或物”。

［］（5）回族的语言是回语。

［］3.选择题（每小题2分，共14分）（1）“春蚕到死丝方尽”中用了__辞格。

A、比喻B、谐音C、比拟D、夸张（2）汉语音节中最重要的是__。

A、声母B、韵头C、韵尾D、韵腹（3）“肉麻”是__结构。

A、主谓B、动宾C、偏正D、联合（4）汉语的语序是__。

A、SOVB、SVOC、OVSD、VSO（5）复杂短语“很复杂的事”共有__个层次。

A、一B、二C、三D、四（6）“甲之言乙也”“甲之为言乙也”。

使用这两种术语时，必然是__。

A、义训B、声训C、形训D、互训（7）“庄”的汉语拼音是“zhuāng”一共有__个音节。

A、四B、三C、二D、一4.简答题（每小题10分，共40分）（1）从记事图画发展成为独立的文字体系，要具备那些条件？（2）谈谈“不”和“没有”的主要区别。

（3）举例说明与现代汉语不同的古代汉语中被动句的表达类型，举两类，多举不加分。

（4）请简析以下两句话语义有何不同？这种不同是什么原因造成的？a、老王到底是有经验，很快就知道问题产生的原因了。

语言学概论及古代汉语和写作一名词解释(18分)音素音位音节义素义项语素二简答题(32分)⒈为什么说”说话只能在有限和无限,自由和不自由的矛盾中运行?”(5分)⒉划分和归纳音位的主要依据(原则)有哪些?(6分)⒊外语学习中的句型”替换”联系是按语言学什么原理设计的?(6分)⒋基本语法结构有哪五种?各自概括的语法意义是什么?提供语法形式的手段主要有哪几种?(9分)⒌用变换分析法说明以下句子在句法意义上的差异?(6分)①台上做着主席台②台上唱着戏③台上摆着酒席三论述(10分)从汉字长期停留于意音文字阶段看文字体系变革的条件?四填空(10分)1.<<经籍纂诂> >作者_________2.张相__________近代汉语中的特殊词语3.<<孟子>>_____代列于经部,南宋______编入<<四书>>并做注4.<<战国策>>东汉 ____注,已残缺5.<<韩非子>>通行注本清王先慎 <<________>>6.<<老子>>重要注本,魏________<<老子注>> 黄河上公注<<老子章注>>7.古韵分部,最早顾炎武分___部8.____ 指称古籍多了文字现象五解释词语1.亟请于武工2.女实征之3.观其辟丸4.下臣不兴,属当戎行5.食以草具6.<<战国策赵策>>夷维子执策而从7.<<礼记礼运>> 果能止道矣,虽愚必明,虽柔必强8.刑于寡妻9.<<逍遥游>> 泠然善也10 << 庄子>> 然则乡之所谓知者11 白沙在涅,与之俱黑12静言思之,躬自悼矣13 <<诗小雅>> 既夷既怿,如相踌矣14 <<离骚>>羌内恕己以量人兮15<<山鬼>> 从文狸16五谷丰登17揭竿而起18不耻下问19祸起萧墙20 心广体胖六找出下列句子中词语的特殊用法（中间部分自己补充，都是在书上面的）1 .我树之以成……………….以盛水浆,其坚不能自举2.且夫我尝闻少仲尼之闻,而轻……………….3.斩敌者受赏,而高慈惠之行………………..4 孟尝君怪其疾也,衣冠而见之5.既庶矣,又何如哉,曰:”富之”6.彼秦者,弃礼义而尚首功之过,………………..民.7.不如小决使道,…………..药之也8客闻楚有神龟……………庙堂之上9留灵修兮澹忘归……….华予10 予廉洁正直以自清乎…………….乎七阅读下面一段材料,并回答下面问题.(20分)郑玄字康成北海高密人也八世祖崇哀帝时尚书仆射玄少为乡啬夫得休归尝诣学官不乐为吏父数怒之不能禁遂造太学受业师事京兆第五元先始通京氏易公羊春秋三统历九章算术又从东郡张恭祖受周官礼记左氏春秋韩诗古文尚书以山东无足问者乃西入关因涿郡卢植事扶风马融融门徒四百余人升堂进者五十余生融素骄贵玄在门下三年不得见乃使高业弟子传授于玄玄日夜寻诵未尝怠倦会融集诸生考论图纬闻玄善算乃召见于楼上玄因从质诸疑义问毕辞归融喟然谓门人曰郑生今去吾道东矣1.郑玄注过的四种先秦古籍(4分)2.加注标点并译为现代汉语.(16分)八写作(30分)以<<标语与社会>>为题写一篇小论文.2005年暨南大学硕士研究生入学试题（华文学院）科目:语言学及应用语言学方向: 现代汉语一名词解释（10）1《汉语拼音方案》2汉字的内定3根词4词的兼类5拈连二填空（10）三单选（10）四多选（5）五判断（10）六填表（10）①音节结构（5）（注：给你一个字，让你指出声母，韵头，韵腹，韵尾之类，当然还有调职调类好像还有该字是几画）②语素词字音节（5）（注：给你若干汉字，比如“巧克力”之类的让你判断七分析（35）1 加音标2 简化方法3 词的构造4 构词方式5 分析句子他被同学送回家把病治好了6 分析复句7修辞格（注：就一个长句，判断包括哪些修辞手法）八改错（句子）（10）（也就是修改病句）九简答题（50）1 什么是现代汉语规范化？如何看待新出现的语言现象？2 下列汉字哪些是形声字？说明形声字出现的意义？雨切刃抢卡竿木（本）从3 以“现在”“正在”为例，说明时间名词和时间副词在语法功能上的异同？4 汉语的词类和句子成分之间有怎样的对应关系？谈谈你的看法。

暨南大学2013年硕士研究生招生参考书目308护理综合《基础护理学》（第4版，李小寒主编，人民卫生出版社，2008年）《内科护理学》（第4版，尤黎明主编，人民卫生出版社，2008年）《外科护理学》（第4版，曹伟新主编，人民卫生出版社，2008年）《妇产科护理学》（第4版，郑修霞主编，人民卫生出版社，2008年）《儿科护理学》（第4版，崔焱主编，人民卫生出版社，2009年）338生物化学王镜岩朱圣庚徐长法主编，《生物化学》，第三版上下册，高等教育出版社，2002年352口腔综合《口腔解剖生理学》，皮昕主编，第六版《口腔组织病理学》，于世凤主编，第六版《口腔颌面外科学》，邱蔚六主编，第六版《口腔修复学》，赵铱民主编，第六版《牙体牙髓病学》，樊明文主编，第三版《牙周病学》，孟焕新主编，第三版《口腔黏膜病学》，陈谦明主编，第三版353卫生综合《卫生学》（第7版，仲来福主编，人民卫生出版社，2008年）《流行病学》（第6版，王建华主编，人民卫生出版社，2005年）《卫生统计学》（第6版，方积乾主编，人民卫生出版社，2005年）432统计学《统计学原理》（第七版）韩兆洲主编，暨南大学出版社2010年12月。

（注：如果没有找到第七版，2006年9月第六版也可以。

）《统计学原理学习指导及Excel与数据统计分析》韩兆洲、王斌会主编，暨南大学出版社2009年6月第12次印刷。

《概率论与数理统计教程》茆诗松、程依明、濮晓龙编著，高等教育出版社2004年7月。

《概率论与数理统计教程习题与解答》茆诗松、程依明、濮晓龙编著，高等教育出版社2010年6月。

《概率论与数理统计》（第二版）茆诗松、周纪芗编著，中国统计出版社2002年5月。

《概率论与数理统计习题与解答》茆诗松、周纪芗编著，中国统计出版社2002年5月。

433税务专业基础於鼎丞等主编：中国税制（第四版），暨南大学出版社，2010年9月出版434国际商务专业基础《国际贸易》易纲、海闻主编，格致出版社、上海人民出版社，2008年7月第11次印刷。

暨南大学2013年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试（外国语言文学综合考试）试题
学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学
研究方向：各研究方向
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考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试共8 页第8 页。

2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题*********************************************************************学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各方向考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试考试科目代码：706Part I Grammar and Vocabulary(30points)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or best explains the underlined word.Write your answer onto the answer sheet.1.Money and beauty,fame and status,______for quite a long time vanished in the blink of an eye.A.he had possessedB.that he had possessedC.and he had possessedD.those he had possessed2.A series of high technology products______in the exhibition.A.has been laid outB.have been laid outC.has laid outD.have laid out3.The teacher,along with all his students,______have a picnic this weekend.A.are going toB.is going toC.they willD.who will4.The Titanic turned just in time,______the immense wall of ice.A.narrow missedB.narrow missingC.narrowly missedD.narrowly missing5._______,ideas can be expressed accurately and effectively.ed simple sentencesing simple sentencesC.You use simple sentencese simple sentences6.The largest collection ever found in England was one of about200,000silver pennies,_______.A.all of them were over600years oldB.all of whom were over600years oldC.all of them over600years oldD.all of that was over600years old7.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park,_______.A.their parents seat together jokingB.their parents seated together jokingC.their parents seating together jokingD.their parents were seated together joking8.I programmed my computer to scan for viruses_________.A.every time it turns onB.every time when it turns onC.every time turning onD.every time turned on9.Food is to men_______.A.like oil is to machineB.as oil to machineC.oil is to machineD.what oil is to machine10._______may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A.A fashion differs from country to countryB.That fashion differs from country to countryC.This Fashion differs from country to countryD.The fashion differs from country to country11._______is the lotus plants growing in the water.A.What makes the river more beautifulB.That makes the river more beautifulC.Making the river more beautifulD.Made the river more beautiful12.Jack rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match________.A.when he is only sixteen years oldB.when being only sixteen years oldC.when only sixteen years oldD.when been only sixteen years old13._______,he was quickly forgotten.A.After he had defeated by JacksonB.He was defeated by JacksonC.After defeated by JacksonD.After defeated Jackson14.No one can settle the question_______.A.whether the new rule should be adoptedB.that the new rule should be adoptedC.what the new rule should be adoptedD.the new rule should be adopted15.The lights were high up on the cliffs________.A.,thus she knew she was near the shoreB.thus she knew she was near the shoreC.,thus,she knew she was near the shoreD.;thus,she knew she was near the shore16.However,at intervals of10to100years,these glaciers move forward up to100times faster than usual.A.recordsB.speedsC.distancesD.periods17.In the United States,Louis Comfort Tiffany(1843-1933)was the most noted exponent of this style,producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces,which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today A.valued B.universal C.uncommon D.preserved18．They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline,are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor,and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.A.avoid repeatingB.talk aboutC.avoid thinking aboutD.find a solution for19.Since then,over100tons of fossils,1.5million from vertebrates,2.5million from invertebrates, have been recovered,often in densely concentrated tangled masses.A.buried beneathB.twisted togetherC.quickly formedD.easily dated20.The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface,especially in the summer,and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.A.highlightedB.coveredC.transformedD.contaminated21.The ocean bottom---a region nearly2.5times greater than the total land area of the Earth---isa vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted,until about a century ago,the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible,hidden beneath waters averaging over3,600meters deep.A.unrecognizableB.unreachableC.unusableD.unsafe22.The DSDP's drill ship,the Glomar Challenger,was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters,extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.A.breakingB.locatingC.removingD.analyzing23.For every three Canadians in1945,there were over five in1966.In September1966Canada's population passed the20million mark.Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.A.newB.extraC.acceleratingD.surprising24.When the prairies were being settled,undoubtedly,the good economic conditions of the1950's supported a growth in the population,but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.A.tendencyB.aimC.growthD.directive25.It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.A.surpassedB.inclinedC.expressedD.applied26.The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond---to make them react______an idea,such as helping to prevent forest fires,or to make them want to buy a certain product or service.A.againstB.withC.toD.for27.To find proof,you have only to_______a magazine or newspaper or count the radio or television commercials that you hear in one evening.A.put upB.keep upC.take overD.leaf through28.Whatever the government and parents decide,though,it is really the children who have to______their decisions!A.live up toB.live toC.live withD.live on29.To communicate,the man often resorts______body language.A.toB.intoC.overD.with30.Motives or reasons for changing careers vary widely,but many people move because they feelstale or______a grinding or dull routine.A.bound toB.fed up withC.filled withD.accustomed toPart II Proof-reading and Error Correction(10points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed.The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one inthe blank provided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a“∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash“/”andput the word in the blank provided on the answersheet.The misfortunes of human beings may be divided into two classes:Firstly,those inflicted by the non-human environment and,second,those inflicted by other people.As mankinds have progressed in knowledge and technique,the second class has become continually increasing percentage of the total.In old times,famine,for example,was due to natural causes,although people did their best to combat it,large numbers of them died of starvation.At the present moment large parts of the world are faced the threat of famine,but although natural causes have contributed to the situation,the principal causes are human.For six years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to kill each other,and they find it difficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other live.Having destroyed harvests,dismantled agricultural machinery,and disorganized shipping,they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one place by mean of a superabundance in another,as would easily be done if the economic system was in normal working order.As this illustration shows,it is now man that is man's worst enemy. Nature,it is true,still sees to that we are mortal,but with the progress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life.We are supposed to wish to live for ever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven,of which,by miracle,the monotony will never grow stale.But in fact,if you question any candid person who is no longer young,he is very likely to tell you that,having tasted life in this world,he has no wish to begin again as a'new boy'in another.For the future,therefore,it may be taken that much the most important evils that mankind have to consider are those which they inflict each other through stupidity or malevolence or both.Part III Cloze(20points)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B), C)and D)at the end of the passage.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Nowadays,more people are living closer together,and they use machines to produce leisure.As a result,they find that their leisure,and even their working hours,become(1)_____by a byproduct of their machines,(2)_____,noise.Noise is in the news;it has acquired political(3)_____,and public opinion is demanding,more and more(4)_____,that something(5)_____about it.To control noise is to demand much(6)_____(annoyance arises often from(7)_____of common courtesy),a sense of proportion(there is usually a(8)_____of interest if a noise is to bestopped),the(9)_____of money(and it is far more economical to do this early(10)_____than late), and,finally,technical knowledge.Though the(11)_____cure for noise is to stop it at its source,this may in many(12)_____be impossible.The next(13)_____is to absorb it on its way to the ear.Domestic noises may be controlled by forethought and(14)_____,and industrial noises by good planning and technical (15)_____.But if we are going to(16)_____fast motor-cycles and heavy(17)_____lorries to pass continuously through residential and business(18)_____,the community must decide(19)_____ the control it needs to(20)_____,for in the long run it has got to pay for it.1.a.damaged b.spoilt c.destroyed d.interfered2.a.unexpectedly ly c.ideally d.swiftly3.a.standard b.status c.position d.situation4.a.persistently b.permanently c.insistently d.stubbornly5.a.be done b.to be done c.is done d.being done6.a.self-confidence b.self-reliance c.self-discipline d.self-respect7.a.reason ck c.virtue d.deficiency8.a.controversy b.contrast c.contradiction d.conflict9.a.accumulation b.expenditure c.depreciation d.distribution10.a.other b.more c.rather d.better11.a.hopeful b.definite c.ideal d.expected12.a.cases b.conditions c.presentations d.circumstances13.a.remedy b.solution c.method d.procedure14.a.courtesy b.meditation c.politeness d.precaution15.a.perfection b.improvement c.acknowledgement d.adoption16.a.allow b.let c.prohibit d.approve17.a.decent b.diesel c.decibel d.datum18.a.regions b.districts c.zones d.territories19.a.for b.at c.with d.on20.a.practice b.exercise c.obtain d.acquirePart IV Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:In this part of the test there are three reading passages followed by a total of15multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage1As the21st century begins,a number of leaders in politics,education,and other professions believe that the United States must adopt some new values to go along the older traditional ones. What new values should Americans adopt?This is a very difficult question to answer.Certainly,a greater value should be placed on the conservation of natural sources;Americans should learn to use less and waste less.But conservation has never been a strong value to Americans,who have believed that their country offered an endless,abundant supply of natural resources.Recently, progress has been made–more and more Americans are recycling their paper,cans,bottles,and other goods–but old wasteful habits die hard.Furthermore,their need to protect the environment may conflict with the need for job,as in the Northwest,where conservationists battle lumbercompanies that want to cut down ancient redwood trees.A belief in the value of conservation is still weak compared with other American values;it can become stronger only as Americans see the need for it more clearly.In addition,Americans may need to place a stronger value on cooperation on a national scale to achieve important national objective.The American idea of the national good has never been based on national cooperation but rather on the freedom of the individual,maintaining those conditions that provide the greatest freedom and prosperity for the individual.It is far more difficult for Americans to accept shared sacrifice for the common good and wellbeing of the entire country.For example,although the majority of Americans believe that is extremely important to balance the national budget and reduce the deficit,they do not want to see cuts in government programs that benefit them personally.The American value of competition also hinders the development of a spirit of national petition sometimes encourages feelings of suspicion rather than the mutual trust that is necessary for successful national cooperation.Although Americans often cooperate successfully on the local level–in neighborhood groups and churches,for example they become suspicious when the national government becomes involve.For example,on the national level,they may see themselves as part of an interest group that is competing with other interest groups for government funds.A request by the national government for shared sacrifice may be seen as coercive and destructive rather than voluntary and constructive.However,the demands of the21st century may compel Americans to place a greater value on national cooperation to solve problems that affect them all,directly or indirectly.1.What new values should Americans adopt?A.Conservation and cooperation.B.Cooperation and competitionC.The need for jobs.D.The freedom of the individual.2.Which of the following is NOT the reason that conservation has never been a strong value?A.Americans stick to old wasteful habits.B.Americans believe their country is abundant with natural resources.C.Many people will lose their jobs on account of conservation.D.It is difficult to recycle paper,cans,bottles and other goods.3.The word“good”in“the national good”in the second paragraph probably means__________.A.virtueB.contributionC.benefitD.property4.The foundation of the American idea of the national good is__________.A.national cooperationB.the freedom of the individualC.shared sacrificeD.mutual trust5.The author writes the passage__________.A.to list the new values the United States must adoptB.to explain the necessity to adopt new valuesC.to tell the reader it is impossible to adopt new valuesD.to state that new values have replaced the ole onesPassage2People do not analyze every problem they meet.Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.Other times they begin to act without thinking;they try to find a solution by trial and error. However,when all these methods fail,the person with a problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem.For example,Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repair his bicycle,he must find the reason why it does not work.For instance,he must determine if the problem is with the gears,the brakes,or the frame.He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.For instance,suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels.At this time,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears.He can talk to his friends at the bike shop.He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem,the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration.His suggestions might be:put oil on the gear wheels;buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones;tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem.Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam,for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels.He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested.Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short,he has solved the problem.6.As used in the first paragraph,the phrase“by trial and error”means__________A.refer to othersB.by accidentC.consult teachersD.through experiments6.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A.People do not always analyze the problem they meet.B.People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.C.People may learn from their past experience.D.People cannot solve some problems they meet.7.In analyzing a problem we should do all the following EXCEPT__________.A.recognize and define the problemB.look for information to make the problem clearerC.have suggestions for a possible solutionD.find a solution by trial and error8.What is the author’s purpose of referring to Sam’s broken bicycle?A.To illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle.B.To discuss the problems of his bicycle.C.To tell us how to solve a problem.D.To show us how to analyze a problem.9.What is the best title for this passage?A.How to Recognize and Define Problems.B.Six Stages for Repairing Bicycles.C.Stages of Problem Analysis.D.Analyzing a Problem by YourselfPassage3We have to admire Suzanne Somers’s persistence.She doesn’t give up–even when virtually the entire medical community is lined up against her.Three years ago,Somers wrote a best-selling book called The Sexy Years in which she promoted so-called bioidentical hormones as a more natural alternative to hormones produced by drug companies for menopausal women.Somers,now60, claimed that these individually prepared doses of estrogen and other hormones,sold via the Internet or by compounding pharmacies,made her look and feel half her age.As the popularity of bioidenticals soared,major medical organizations like the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists grew so alarmed that they mounted publicity campaigns to convince Somers’s readers that these alternative treatments,which are usually custom made for each patient,haven’t been proven safe or more effective than traditional hormone therapy for symptoms like hot flashes.This month Somers is at it again wit her latest book,Ageless.Subtitled The Naked Truth About Bioidentical Hormones,the cover features a coquettish shot of the actress unclothed from the collarbone up.Inside,she calls bioidenticals“the juice of youth”and also promotes the questionable dosage advice of a former actress and“independent researcher”named T.S.Wiley who thinks menopausal women should have as much estrogen in their bodies as20-year-olds.Now, even some fo the pro-bioidentical doctors Somers quotes in her books are screaming foul.“Many of the claims throughout the book are scientifically unproven and dangerous,”three of these doctors assert in a letter sent a few weeks ago to Somers’s publisher,Crown.Somers adamantly defends her book and bioidentical.“From a woman’sstandpoint,this is the first time we’ve gotten some relief in a non-drug way,”she says in an interview with NEWSWEEK.“Doctors are embarrassed that they don’t know about this.”Somers says.“When doctors don’t have an answer,they like to pooh-pooh it.”The word bioidentical is a marketing term,not a scientific one,and it means different things to different people.To most doctors,bioidentical refers to a wide variety of FDA-approved drugs that are virtually identical to the hormones produced by women’s ovaries.They come in many forms and doses,some of which have been used for years.Somers uses the term to refer to made-to-order treatments created by compounding pharmacies with dosages usually determined by the results of blood tests every two weeks(the method Somers herself uses),or regular saliva tests,a method most experts say is an unreliable way to measure a women’s specific hormone needs.Somers claims that she is so“in touch”with her body’s needs that she can“tweak”her hormones even without the benefit of these tests.Proponents of Somers’s program say only hormones prepared specifically for each woman can meet her unique needs.But since the Women’s Health Initiative,the FDA has approved many new hormone products,including some in very low doses.While the FDA process isn’t perfect,it’s certainly better than what consumers get with compounding products:no black box warning aboutside effects,no package insert,no data on relative safety,no check on advertising claims and no manufacturing oversight.Somers says these custom-made treatments are natural and not really drugs.That’s just not true. Biodenticals may start out as wild yams or soybeans,but by the time this plant matter has been converted into hormone therapy,it is in fact a drug.All of these products–whether or not they’re approved by the FDA–are chemicals synthesized in a lab.Another thing you should know:there are only a few labs in the world that synthesized these hormones.Everyone–from small compounding pharmacies to big pharmaceutical companies-gets their ingredients from the same places.Somers argues that bioidenticals are safer than FDA-approved hormones even though there are no high-quality studies to prove that assertion.In the absence of any reliable research to the contrary,most women’s health experts ay it’s prudent to assume that all hormone products (FDA-approved or not)carry the same heart disease and cancer risks.10.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that__________.A.bioidentical hormones don’t live up the typeB.many women show zeal for boidentical hormonesC.experts will ask for the ban on bioidentical hormonesD.many people worry about the safety of bioidenticals11.Which of the following statements is TRUE about some doctors Somers quotes in her books?A.Some doctors turn to support Somers’s bioidenticals.B.Some doctors were in favor of Somers’s bioidenticals.C.Suzanne Somers’s new book has some doctors crying good.D.Some doctors wrote a letter to the magazine named Crown.13.The word“pooh-pooh”in the third paragraph probably means__________.A.disdainB.loatheC.disregard D absolute neutrality12.The author’s attitude towards bioidentical hormones is__________.A.strong disapprovalB.slight disapprovalC logical paradox D.absolute neutrality13.According to the author,all the following are the traits of compounding products EXCEPT__________.A.no scientific data on its safetyB.no surveillance of the advertisementC.no account of therapeutic effectsD.no supervision on the productionPart V Translation(30points)Section A Chinese to English(15points)Translate the following into English.Write your translation on the answer sheet.公款吃喝，上有禁令，下有批评。

目　录2011年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2012年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2013年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2014年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2015年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2016年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2017年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2018年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解2011年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研真题及详解SECTION AⅠ. Fill the blanks with proper answers (10%)1. The English sonnet, also known as _____ sonnet, usually has a regular rhyme scheme a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g.【答案】Shakespearean【解析】莎士比亚的诗作，改变了彼得拉克的格式，由三段四行和一副对句组成，即按四、四、四、二编排，其押韵格式为“ABAB，CDCD，EFEF，GG”。

每行诗句有十个抑扬格音节。

2. It was in 1798, with the publication of William Wordsworth’s _____, in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge, that romanticism began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature.【答案】Lyrical Ballads1798年，华兹华斯与柯勒律治将各自的诗歌合为一册，定【解析】名为《抒情歌谣集》。

3. The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the _____.【答案】dramatic monologue【解析】勃朗宁对英国诗歌的最大贡献，是发展和完善了戏剧独白诗这样一种独特的诗歌形式，并且用它鲜明而生动地塑造了各种不同类型的人物性格，深刻而复杂地展示了人的内在心理。

2013年暨南大学808外国语言文学综合考试考研试题
）
（回忆版
回忆版）
又改版了，语言学白急了。

综合是语言学文学一张试卷，有的题目两专业人必做，有的是以专业不同选作。

20个概况选择20分，很简单。

20个填空语言学文学各10个20分。

文学多是填作品和人名，语言学涉及术语，填被解释的对象是什么。

语言学对错5个+判断五个作品名作者是谁，该作品是什么genre10分。

在12个术语里面选择6个解释30分。

文学四个问答一个10分共40分。

分析诗歌crossing the bar写成200字的文章 30分
四个问题是
一：to be or not to be这句话你怎么理解，&how does it comtribute to the theme of Hamlet?
二：玄学派诗歌共有的特点
三：呼啸山庄里面男女主角cofess their love 的方式normal不?还有你怎么看待他们之间的爱情
四：美国超验主义作家都是怎么理解人和上帝，自然的关系。

十二个术语是
synchronic,phonology,suffix,illocutionary act,category. graveyard school, romanticism,dramatic monologue,意识流，beat generation,american naturalism.。

2013年暨南大学语言文学基础一：选择十道题目：非常简单，基本看到题目就会的。

时间太久想不起来了。

只记得似乎有《望星空》还考了修辞手法。

二：名词解释苏辛、伤痕文学、俄国自然派、文学接受、音位三：简答（5选3）1 清朝文学集大成2 《女神》的艺术特色3 浪漫主义文学产生的背景和艺术特色4 5没选，不知道四：论述（4选2）3 莫言作品创作分析（具体忘了是论述题还是在专业二里的了）4唐吉可德形象分析2013文学评论写作（5选3）1 闻一多《死水》鉴赏2 文品和人品题目有一段文字，根据文字信息阐释自己的观点。

3 莫言创作4百年孤独分析思想艺术特征5 语言题时隔半年了，很多真的是想不起来了，以后如果想起来，我会再补充上。

对学妹学弟的建议是，学习要学会取舍，做题也要学会取舍，面面俱到是不可能的。

去年的今天我还没有定下学校呢，所以，今天的你们看到这份题目，说明你们比我开始要早，很好。

一定没有问题的。

定下学校后，剩下的就是埋头努力了。

学习过程中，要仔细钻研真题，分析真题。

加油。

2012暨南大学语言文学基础一、填空1.《扬州慢》作者2.“良辰美景奈何天，赏心乐事谁家院”出自3.“”文学是新文学开端的前一阶段4.梁启超开启的“小说界革命”与梁启超、黄遵宪开启的“”革命5.王国维《人间词话》提出“”说6.《九三年》的作者7.靡菲斯特出自《》8 提出“风格即人”9.汉字阶段性转变是10.“写字写累了”的“累”的语义指向二、名词解释1.《儒林外史》2.九叶诗派3.拜伦式英雄4.境界5.语法范畴三、简答（五选三）1.简答魏晋南北朝文学在中国文学史上的地位2.清代小说界革命的意义3.简答欧洲文艺复兴人文主义的思想内容与艺术特征4.简答诗歌语言的特征5.语言题四、论述（五选二）1.简述唐诗的发展轨迹2.简述“伤痕文学”的意义3.简述唐吉可德的现代意义4.语言题5.高级秘书与行政管理题阅读与写作（五选三）一、“设境与写境，很难区别。