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Grammar——复习被动语态(Ⅰ)[思维导图]一、各种时态的被动语态1.概念与形式[观察·感悟]①The classroom is cleaned by us every day.教室每天都由我们打扫。
②The children are not allowed to play on the grass.孩子们不允许在草地上玩耍。
③After the accident，the injured were taken to hospital.事故发生之后受伤的人被送往医院急救。
④Check carefully，so any mistakes will be caught.仔细检查一遍，把所有错误都找出来。
⑤The plan is being carried out successfully.这项计划正在被顺利地实施。
⑥The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件已找到了。
[探究·归纳](1)概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果句子的主语是动作的执行者时，则句子要用主动语态；如果句子的主语是动作的承受者时，则句子要用被动语态。
(2)形式：被动语态的基本构成：be的某种形式＋动词过去分词。
如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出。
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态中，助动词be要随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
下面是各种时态的被动语态的形式(以do为例)[名师指津](1)含情态动词的被动语态用“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”形式。
如：Many trees should be planted in the mountains.应该在山上种上许多树。
(2)现代英语特别是口语中常用“get＋过去分词”表示被动语态。
When did the painting get damaged?这幅画什么时候被损坏的？[即学即练1]用所给词的正确时态语态填空①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded (reward) with success in the end.②They had been warned(warn)many times before they carried out the plan.③—Have you heard about that fire in the market?—Yes, fortunately no one was hurt (hurt).④After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that itwas being decorated (decorate).2.意义与用法[观察·感悟]①Your plan is considered to be the best.你的计划被认为是最好的。
Section Ⅲ Grammar——复习被动语态[语境自主领悟]一、被动语态的基本时态变化1．各种时态被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。
被动语态可用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。
2.被动语态的特殊形式(1)含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。
(2) “get＋过去分词”式被动语态在口语和非正式的语体中，常用“get＋过去分词”表示被动语态，其中get 相当于be动词，起助动词的作用。
这种形式一般用来谈论突然发生的事，通常只表示动作，不表示状态。
Some glasses got broken when we were moving.我们搬家时有些玻璃杯被打碎了。
[即时训练1]完成句子①We are_not_allowed(不允许) to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.②The book has_been_published(已经出版) and you can buy one in the local book store.③Tom always had the feeling that they were_being_watched(正在被监视)．④Treasures must_be_taken(一定要采取) to prevent the water from being polluted.⑤The hall is_being_built(正在建造)．I wonder whether it will_be_finished(将完成).【导学号：】二、主动形式表示被动意义1．当look，sound，smell，taste，feel，prove，remain，stay等作系动词时。
Section Ⅲ Grammar—复习被动语态(Ⅱ)语法图解探究发现用所给词的适当形式填空1．I had already heard that George didn't like being_kept (keep)waiting, so even though I didn't have the right clothes on, I raced after him.2．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being_attacked(attack) by a pack of about six other killers.3．Being badly wounded (wound), the whale soon died.4．From James's face, I could see he was terrified of being_abandoned (abandon) by us.5．When we approached him, I saw James being firmly held (hold) in the water by Old Tom.[我的发现](1)以上各题皆用了动词ing 形式的被动语态。
(2)动词ing 形式的被动结构为：being_done；此结构可在句中充当宾语(如句1、4)、宾语补足语(如句2、5)和状语(如句3)等。
一、动词ing形式的被动式的使用条件如果动词ing 形式的逻辑主语与其所表示的动作是被动关系时，动词ing 形式要用被动式。
二、动词ing形式的被动式有一般式与完成式两种形式无论什么时候违反交通规则，马克总是想逃避受罚。
Having been surrounded for a month, the enemy had to give in.被包围一个月后，敌人不得不投降了。
Grammar——复习被动语态(Ⅱ)[思维导图]v.-ing形式的被动语态包括动名词的被动语态和现在分词的被动语态。
它们在形式上都有一般式和完成式。
项目形式意义一般式being done 表示一种习惯性、经常性或正在发生的具有被动意义的行为或状态完成式having beendone表示发生在谓语动作之前且具有被动和完成意义的行为或状态一、动名词的被动语态[观察·感悟]①Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience.在公共场合被嘲笑是一次非常不愉快的经历。
②He couldn’t bear being made fun of like that.人家那样开他的玩笑，他受不了。
③He is ashamed of having been defeated for many times.他为多次被人击败而感到羞愧。
④What upset the child was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 让小孩沮丧的是没有被允许去医院看妈妈。
[探究·归纳]1.概念：动名词的被动语态是指由“being/having been＋过去分词”构成的一种非谓语动词形式，它兼有名词和动词的特征。
它只能在句中作主语、宾语和表语。
2.句法功能(1)作主语(2)作宾语(3)作表语[名师指津](1)在w ant；need；require；deser v e等动词以及w orth后面，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
Your hair is much too long.It needs cutting.你的头发太长了，该剪剪了。
The problem of global warming deserves reflecting on.全球变暖的问题值得仔细思考。
(2)ha v ing been done形式不能作主语。
9A Unit 2-Unit 3 Grammar 被动语态复习I.被动语态的构造：be+动词的过去分词〔p.p〕II.动词be的各种时态形式：：am / is/ are：was / were：will be4.现在完成时：have been / has been5.情态动词：can be / may be / must be / should beIII.主动语态改被动语态的几种情况：1)及物动词的被动语态：1.Girls like singing such songs.Such songs ________ ________ singing by girls.2.Someone stole my bicycle last week.My bicycle ________ ________ last week.3.He has bought many new books.Many new books ________ ________ ________ by him.2)动词词组的被动语态：1.The nurse looks after the children well.The children ________ ________ ________ well by the nurse.2.We should take good care of books.Books ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.3)含有双宾语动词的被动语态：1.The artist drew usa nice picture.We ______ ______ a nice picture by the artist.A nice picture ______ ______ ______ ______ by the artist.2.We gave Alicesome lovely birthday presents.Alice ______ ______ some lovely birthday presents by us.Some lovely birthday presents ______ ______ ______ ______ by us.4)带有宾语补足语的动词的被动语态：1.The teacher told us not to waste time.We ______ ______ not to waste time by the teacher.2.I saw the boy draw on the wall.The boy ______ ______ ______ ______ on the wall by me.3.They heard her sing in the classroom.She ______ ______ ______ ______ in the classroom by them.4.The coach (教练) makes the players train ten hours a day.The players ______ ______ ______ ______ ten hours a day by the coach.5.The student found a wallet lying on the ground.A wallet ______ ______ ______ on the ground by the student.5)不及物动词没有被动语态：1.The story happenedsix years ago.(不及物动词) (时间状语)2.The sun risesin the east.(不及物动词) (地点状语)VI.把以下句子改成被动语态：1.Everyone here like the child.The child ________ ________ ________ everyone here.2.The writer wrote the book.The book ________ ________ ________ the writer.3.Mike will water the flowers.The flowers ________ ________ ________ ________ Mike.4.I can do the job.The job ________ ________ ________ ________ me.5.My mother has washed the clothes.The clothes ________ ________ ________ ________ my mother.6.the workers are building a bridge over the river.A bridge ________ ________ ________ ________ the workers.7.We should take good care of the books.The books ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.8.Mum bought me a walkman as my birthday present.I ________ ________ a walkman as my birthday present _______ Mum.A walkman ________ ________ ________ me as my birthday present _______ Mum.9.She showed us a nice photo.We ________ ________ a nice photo ________ her.A nice photo ________ ________ ________ us ________ her.10.I saw him draw a picture on the wall.He ________ ________ ________ draw a picture on the wall.11.This story took place there two years ago.________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ _______VI.被动语态复习练习：I.选择填空：1.The ExpoCenter in Shanghai _______ on December 25th, 2021.A. completedB. was completedC. has completedD. has been completed2.My father ______ to give a speech at the meeting yesterday.A) asked B) was asked C) asksD) has asked3. When I was young, my dream was ______ around the world.A) travelB) to travel C) travelsD) travelled4. It is reported that China’s largest museum of modern art ______at the end of 2021.A) is built B) was built C) will be built D) has been built5.More new classroom buildings _______ in our school in the next few years.A) will be builtB) was built C) has built D) will build6. We’re glad that Shanghai Disneyland, 20 minutes' drive from PudongInternationalAirport, ______ in 2021.A) will be built B) will build C) is going to build D) is built7.Good service ________ by China during the 29th Olympic Games in 2021.A) provided B) has provided C) was provided D) has been provided8. Do you know how many cars ______ in Shanghai every yearA) produce B) will produce C) are producing D) are produced9. Many houses______ in the storm a few days ago. What a pity!A) damage B) damaged C) were damaging D) were damaged10. More trees ______ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays.A) are plantedB) were plantedC) have been plantedD) will be planted11.To his disappointment (失望), Sam ______ to take part in his girl friend’s birthday party.A) refuse B) have refused C) was refused D) to refuse12. It was reported that more young teachers _________ to Yunnan sometime next year.A) would send B) will send C) would be sent D) will be sent13. ---In China plastic bags ______ in the supermarket now.---Yes, people should use environmental bags.A) can use B) can be used C) can’t use D) can’t be used14. These new clothes ______ to the children in the mountain villages tomorrow.A) are sent B) were sent C) has been sent D) will be sent II.改写句子：1. Bill didn’t break the window. (改为被动语态)The window ____________ _____________ by Bill.2.The workers will build another bridge across the HuangpuRiver. (改为被动语态)Another bridge across the HuangpuRiver will ________ ________.3. Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve. 〔改为被动语态〕The presents _______ _______ in the long stocking on Christmas bySaint Claus.4. You can’t wash these clothes in the washing machine. (改为被动语态)These clothes can’t ________ ________ in the washing machine.5.They’ll hold another meeting to discuss how to protect the environment. (改为被动语态)Another meeting will _________ _________ to discuss how to protect the environment.6. The headmaster praised Ben for his honesty yesterdayafternoon. 〔改为被动语态〕Ben _________ ___________ for his honesty by the headmaster yesterdayafternoon.7. We can freeze the fish if we want to keep it fresh.(改为被动语态)The fishcan ______ ______ if we want to keep it fresh.8. In the USA, national and local governments design the subjects in schools. (改为被动语态)In the USA, the subjects in schools________ ________ by national and local governments. 9．We save water because it is limited.〔改为被动语态〕____________ is ____________ because it is limited.10. We can store a lot of information in the computer. (改为被动语态)A lot of information ________ ________ stored in the computer.11. You should write all the answers on the answer sheet. (改成被动语态)All the answers should ______ ______ on the answer sheet.TV has held a charity show to raise money for the people in the disaster.(被动语态)A charity showhas _________ _________ to raise money for the people in the disaster.13. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改为被动语态)Millions of plastic bags __________ __________ away by people in our city every day.被动语态复习答案I,主动语态改被动语态的几种情况：1)及物动词的被动语态：1. are liked singing.2. was stolen.3. have bought.2)动词词组的被动语态：1. are looked after2. should be taken good care of3)含有双宾语动词的被动语态：1.were drawn. / was drawn for us2.was given / were given to Alice4)带有宾语补足语的动词的被动语态：1. were told2. was seen to draw3. was heard to sing4. are made to train5. was found lyingII.把以下句子改成被动语态：1.is liked by2.was written by3.will be watered by4.can be done by5.have been washed by6.is being built by7.should be taken good care of8.was bought, by / was bought for, by9.were shown, by / was shown to, by 10.was seen to 11.took place是不及物动词，没有被动语态：1-10 BBBCA ACDDD 11-14 CCBDDII.改写句子：1. wasn’t broken2.be built3. were hidden /hid4. be washed5. be held6. was praised7. be frozen8. are designed 9 Water …saved 10. can, be 11be written 12. been held 13. are thrown。
