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2019-2020学年辽宁省大连市旅顺口区高三（上）期中化学试卷一、单选题（本大题共20小题，共60.0分）1.下列说法不正确的是()A. 图Ⅰ所示装置可制备氢氧化亚铁B. 图Ⅱ所示装置可电解制氯气和氢气C. 图Ⅲ所示装置可验证氨气在水中的溶解性D. 图Ⅳ所示装置和操作可从苯酚中分离出苯2.下列化学用语中正确的是()A. 钠离子的电子式：B. Cl−的结构示意图：C. 质量数为35的核素氯： 3517ClD. NaCl的形成过程：3.用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述正确的是()A. 32gS8单质(结构如图)中含有的S−S键个数为2N AB. 18gD2O中含有的原子数为3N AC. 标准状况下，22.4LCHCl3中所含分子数为N AD. 17g羟基(−OH)所含电子总数为9N A4.物质分类在逻辑上存在如下关系：下列说法正确的是()A. 碳酸盐与钠盐属于包含关系B. 化合物与氧化物属于交叉关系C. 分散系与胶体属于包含关系D. 混合物与空气属于并列关系5.下列各组离子一定能大量共存的是()A. 在无色溶液中：NH4+、Fe2+、SO42−、CO32−B. 在含大量Ba2+的溶液中：NH4+、Na+、Cl−、OH−C. 在强碱性溶液中：Na+、K+、SO42−、HCO3−D. 在强酸性溶液中：K+、Fe2+、Cl−、SO42−6.下列事实不能用元素周期律解释的是()A. 碱性：NaOH>Al(OH)3B. 相对原子质量：Ar>KC. 酸性：HClO4>HIO4D. 稳定性：H2O>H2S7.下列反应的离子方程式正确的是()A. 向明矾溶液中加入足量的烧碱溶液：Al3++3OH−=Al(OH)3↓B. 在含有等物质的量的Fe(NO3)2和KI组成的混合溶液中滴入稀盐酸：3Fe2++4H++NO3−=3Fe3++NO↑+2H2OC. 碳酸氢铵溶液中滴加足量的NaOH溶液：HCO3−+OH−=CO32−+H2OD. 纯碱溶液呈碱性的原因：CO32−+H2O⇌HCO3−+OH−8.某有机物X的结构简式如下图所示，则下列有关说法中正确的是()A. 有机物X的含氧官能团有3种B. X分子中苯环上的一氯取代物有3种C. 在Ni作催化剂的条件下，1mol X最多能与5molH2加成D. X在一定条件下能发生加成、取代、消去等反应9.某溶液中含有大量的、Cl−、Ca2+，在该溶液中还可能大量存在的离子是A. B. OH− C. Al3+ D. Ag+10.Fe2O3在工业上有重要的用途，可发生如图所示的一系列反应．下列说法正确的是()A. Fe2O3与Al的反应属于吸热反应B. Fe2O3与NaN3反应，每消耗1molFe2O3产生9molN2C. Fe2O3与CO的反应属于置换反应D. 常温下K2FeO4在水中的溶解度比Na2FeO4的大11.分子式为C3H7OCl，且分子中含有羟基的同分异构体的数目为(不考虑立体异构)()A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 612.下列图象不正确的是()A. 向100mL 0.1mol⋅L−1H2SO4溶液中滴加0.1mol⋅L−1Ba(OH)2溶液至过量B. 向100mL 0.1mol⋅L−1H2SO4溶液中加入NaOH固体C. 向一定浓度的氯化钠溶液中加水D. 向蒸馏水中通入HCl 气体13. 高铁电池是一种新型可充电电池，与普通高能电池相比，该电池能长时间保持稳定的放电电压．高铁电池的总反应为3Zn +2K 2FeO 4+8H 2O ⇌充电放电3Zn(OH)2+2Fe(OH)3+4KOH 下列叙述不正确的是( )A. 放电时负极反应式为Zn −2e −+2OH −=Zn(OH)2B. 放电时正极反应式为FeO 42−+4H 2O +3e −=Fe(OH)3+5OH −C. 放电时每转移3mol 电子，正极有1molK 2FeO 4被氧化D. 放电时K +向正极移动，且正极附近溶液的碱性增强14. 已知：①2C(s)+O 2(g)===2CO(g) ΔH 1；②2CO(g)+O 2(g)===2CO 2(g) ΔH 2。
2024-2025学年度上学期高三年级期中I 考试数学科试卷（答案在最后）命题人：第I 卷一、单选题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知i 是虚数单位，复数1z 、2z在复平面内对应的点分别为()1,2-、()1,1-，则复数21z z 的共轭复数的虚部为()A.15-B.15C.1i5- D.1i 52.等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ，前n 项和为n S ，则以下结论正确的是（）A.“q >0”是“{}n a 为递增数列”的充分不必要条件B.“q >1”是“{}n a 为递增数列”的充分不必要条件C.“q >0”是“{}n a 为递增数列”的必要不充分条件D.“q >1”是“{}n a 为递增数列”的必要不充分条件3.函数()()e 1sin e 1xxx f x -=+，则=的部分图象大致形状是（）A.B.C. D.4.某制药企业为了响应并落实国家污水减排政策，加装了污水过滤排放设备，在过滤过程中，污染物含量M （单位：mg /L ）与时间t （单位：h ）之间的关系为：0ektM M -=（其中0M ，k 是正常数）．已知经过1h ，设备可以过速掉20%的污染物，则过滤一半的污染物需要的时间最接近（）（参考数据：lg 20.3010=）A.3hB.4hC.5hD.6h5.若ππcos ,,tan 223sin αααα⎛⎫∈-= ⎪-⎝⎭，则πsin 23α⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭（）A.718+-B.718- C.18-D.18-6.已知ABC V 是边长为点P 是ABC V 所在平面内的一点，且满足3AP BP CP ++=，则AP的最小值是（）A.1B.2C.3D.837.已知4ln 3a π=，3ln 4b π=，34ln c π=，则a ，b ，c 的大小关系是A.c b a << B.b c a << C.b a c << D.a b c<<8.设函数()32||()e 1x f x x x=+-（44x -<<），若(21)(2)(12)f x f f x ++<-，则x 的取值范围是（）A.31,22⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭ B.31,22⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭ C.1,2⎛⎫-∞-⎪⎝⎭D.3,2⎛⎫-+∞ ⎪⎝⎭二、多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9.已知220,0,1a b a b ab >>+-=，下列不等式恒成立的是（）A.112a b+≥ B.2a b +≥ C.332a b +≤ D.0323b <≤10.已知函数()()πsin 0,04f x A x B A ωω⎛⎫=++>> ⎪⎝⎭（）A.若()f x 在区间π3π,44⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调，则0ω<≤B.将函数()y f x =的图像向左平移π2个单位得到曲线C ，若曲线C 对应的函数为偶函数，则ω的最小值为13C.若函数()y f x =在区间()0,π上恰有三个极值点，则91344ω<≤ D.关于x 的方程()22f x A B=+在()0,π上有两个不同的解，则522ω<≤11.已知()f x 是定义在R 上连续的奇函数，其导函数为()g x ，()()424f x f x =-，当[]2,1x ∈--时，()0g x '>，则（）A.()g x 为偶函数B.()f x 的图象关于直线12x =对称C.4为()g x 的周期D.()g x 在2026x =处取得极小值第II 卷三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分.12.已知向量()1,2a =-，()1,b λ= ，若a 与b 的夹角为锐角，则实数λ的取值范围是________.13.设实数x 、y 、z 、t 满足不等式1100x y z t ≤≤≤≤≤，则x zy t+的最小值为______.14.若存在正实数x ，使得不等式()2ln 2ln 00axa x a ⋅⋅-≤>成立，则a 的最大值为______．四、解答题：解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.已知ABC V 的内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，5c 5c s os o a CA cb -=.（1）求c ；（2）若7b =，π3B =，点M 在线段BC 上，5AM =，求MAC ∠的余弦值.16.已知函数()()212ln 0af x x a x=-->．（1）当4a =时，求函数()f x 在点()()1,1f 处的切线方程；（2）设函数()f x 的极大值为()M a ，求证：()11M a a+≤．17.已知函数()()2ln 2f x x a x a x =+-+，()ln 1g x x x x a =--+，a ∈R .（1）讨论()f x 的单调性；（2）若()()1ln f x g x a x +≥+对任意1x ≥恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围.18.已知数列{}n a 满足递推关系，()2*1231n n n n a a ma n N a +++=∈+，又1=1a .（1）当1m =时，求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）若数列{}n a 满足不等式1n n a a +≥恒成立，求m 的取值范围；（3）当31m -≤<时，证明12111111112nn a a a +++≥-+++ .19.对于数列{}n a ，如果存在等差数列{}n b 和等比数列{}n c ，使得()n n n a b c n *=+∈N ，则称数列{}na 是“优分解”的．（1）证明：如果{}n a 是等差数列，则{}n a 是“优分解”的．（2）记()2*11ΔΔΔΔn n n n n n a a a a a a n ++=-=-∈N，，证明：如果数列{}na 是“优分解”的，则()2*Δ0n a n =∈N 或数列{}2Δn a 是等比数列．（3）设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，如果{}n a 和{}n S 都是“优分解”的，并且123346a a a ===，，，求{}n a 的通项公式．2024-2025学年度上学期高三年级期中I考试数学科试卷命题人：第I卷一、单选题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.【1题答案】【答案】A【2题答案】【答案】C【3题答案】【答案】A【4题答案】【答案】A【5题答案】【答案】D【6题答案】【答案】C【7题答案】【答案】B【8题答案】【答案】A二、多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.【9题答案】【答案】ACD【10题答案】【答案】CD【11题答案】【答案】ACD第II卷三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分.【12题答案】【答案】1(,2)(2,)2∞--⋃-【13题答案】【答案】15##0.2【14题答案】【答案】1e ln 2四、解答题：解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.【15题答案】【答案】（1）5；（2）1314.【16题答案】【答案】（1）690x y --=（2）证明见解析【17题答案】【答案】（1）答案见解析；（2）(,0]-∞.【18题答案】【答案】（1）21nn a =-；（2）3m ≥-；（3）证明见解析.【19题答案】【答案】（1）证明见解析（2）证明见解析（3）122n n a -=+。
大连市旅顺口区2020届高三化学上学期期中卷本卷满分100分；答题时间90分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量：O 16 Na 23 Cl 35.5 Fe 56 K39 Mn55第Ⅰ卷（选择题共60分）本卷选择题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1．化学深入我们生活，下列说法不正确的是（）A．食盐可做食物调味剂，也可做食品防腐剂B．高锰酸钾溶液、酒精、双氧水都能杀菌消毒，都利用了强氧化性C．在食品袋中放入盛有硅胶和铁粉的透气小袋，可防止食物受潮、氧化变质D．用浸泡过高锰酸钾溶液的硅藻土吸收水果中的乙烯，可以实现水果保鲜的目的2．下列化学用语正确的是（）A．丙烯的实验式：C3H6B．CO2的电子式：C．镁离子的结构示意图：ClD．中子数为18的氯原子符号：18173．用N A表示阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是（）A．标准状况下，33.6LHF中含有氟原子的数目为1.5N AB．16 g O3和O2混合物中氧原子数为N AC．1mol的羟基与1mol的氢氧根离子所含的电子数均为9N AD．标准状况下，0.1mol Cl2溶于水，转移电子数为0.1N A4．下列有关分类的说法正确的是（）A．胶体的本质特征是具有丁达尔效应B．阳离子、阴离子中均分别只含有一种元素，则由这样的阴、阳离子组成的物质一定是纯净物C．白磷转化为红磷是物理变化D．碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物，酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物5．在室温下，下列各组离子一定能大量共存的是（）A．滴入石蕊试液显红色的溶液：K+、Mg2+、AlO2−、SO32−B．1.0 mol·L−1的KNO3溶液：H+、Fe2+、Cl−、SO42−C．在c(OH－)/c(H＋)＝1×1012的溶液中：NH4+、Fe2+、Cl－、NO3−D．通入足量CO2的溶液：Ca2+、Cl−、K+、Na+6．下列事实不能用元素周期律解释的是（）A．气态氢化物的稳定性：HBr > HIB．0.1 mol·L－1溶液的pH：NaOH > LiOHC．向Na2SO3溶液中加盐酸，有气泡产生D．Mg、Al与同浓度盐酸反应，Mg更剧烈7. 下列离子方程式正确的是（）A．等体积、等浓度的Ba(OH)2稀溶液与NH4HCO3稀溶液混合：Ba2++2OH−+ NH 4++HCO3−BaCO3↓+NH3·H2O+H2OB．将磁性氧化铁溶于盐酸：Fe 3O4+8H+3Fe3++4H2OC．用铁电极电解氯化钠溶液：2Cl−+2H2O2OH−+H2↑+Cl2↑D．将SO 2通入Ca(ClO)2溶液中：Ca2++2ClO−+SO2+H2O CaSO3↓+2HClO8. 有机物的结构可用“键线式”表示，如CH 3—CH CH—CH3可简写为，有机物X的键线式为。
2020-2021学年大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BAbout a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.4. Why did Lori make the call?A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.5. What impressed “I” by Lori?A. Lori was good at running recruiting.B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.7. What is the best title of the passage?A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.CAt the foot of the Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang, a homestay (民宿) is attracting travelers from far and wide, which has won architectural (建筑学的) medal at the 2021 German iF Design Awards.The owners of the homestay are a couple in their late 30s who decided to return to their hometown three years ago. Li Xiumei used to be in charge of a division at a company in Hangzhou, and her husband was a sales director. It was an ordinary situation where Li’s husband was on business trips a lot and Li worked overtime on weekends. City life sometimes is not easy.In 2018, they quit jobs and went back to Dongtianmu village, which lies in a forest of bamboo. The first time they drove into the village was one late afternoon. The cooking smoke was rising from the foot of the mountain, which gave them a very different feeling form thecity.The homestay was built beside her husband’s old countryside house. The old house is preserved (保留), while a brand-new building was built on its side and the whole site is made up of for courtyards. It has been updated tohave a hall, a tea room, a kitchen, a dining room. Japanese cherry trees are planted in the east courtyard. A swimming pool is placed in the west courtyard, with a bar located on one side.Li and her husband love gardening and music, and their new home gives them enough space to continue their interests and relax in the heart of nature. Li wants to share the quiet country life, so she makes her new home a homestay. In 2019, the homestay became an online hit after guests shared their experiences on social media. “The longer I stay here, the more I feel it was the right choice to come back, and this is more meaningful than making money,” Li says.8. How did Li feel about city life?A. Satisfied.B. Tired.C. Attractive.D. Noisy.9. What impressed the couple when first driving to the village?A. The smoke of cooking.B. The forest of bamboo.C. The smell of the village.D. The feeling of loneliness.10. What can we infer about the homestay from paragraph 4?A. It is ancient and broken.B. It can hold many guests.C. It has been rebuilt bythe couple.D. It must have been carefully designed.11. What’s more meaningful than earning money according to Li?A. Continuing their music dream.B. Staying at the old house.C. Living in the countryside.D. Developing the economy of cities.DMy mother is a teacher. I often asked her, “ Why do you teach? What keeps you teaching?” The answer was always the same. “There is always that one child, that one moment that is worth it.”Now, I am a teacher, too. But different from my mother, I teach students challenging activities outdoors. And when my mother asked me the similar questions, my answer was, “It’s that one child, that one special moment.”One of those moments happened recently. I was working with a group of girls in a four-week programme. Everything went on well through the “Team” events and we were moving on to a“High” one called the Wire Walk.In the Wire Walk, each girl had to climb up the pegs in a tree to a wire, 8 meters high, and then walk across it. Of course, everything was safe for sure.When it was Susie's turn, it seemed that she didn't really want to. I asked Susie if she was ready. She answered softly, “I suppose.”Now, Susie was at the foot of the tree. She started to make the long reach. Then I found Susie was becomingnervous with every step. I realized she would not go much further.Susie was halfway up. Then she stopped and held the tree tight, looking very afraid. Her eyes were closed. With her face against the tree, she cried, “I can't.”The other girls sat in silence. I talked quietly to Susie, trying to relax her. I talked for a long time till I ran out of words.“I will still be your friend no matter what, Susie!” Mary broke the silence.To my surprise, Susie lifted her head and looked up to the wire. Then she turned to look down at Mary and smiled. Mary smiled back.Finally, Susie made it all the way across that wire. When she returned to the ground, the first hug she looked for was from Mary. We all cheered. Moments like this keep me doing what I do.12. Why did Susie stop halfway up to the wire?A. It was too high for her to reach.B. She was too afraid to move on.C. Something was wrong with it.D. The teacher asked her to do it.13. Why did Mary break the silence?A. To try again herself.B. To relax the writer.C. To encourage Susie.D. To draw Susie's attention.14. What can we learn from the story of Susie?A. Helping others is helping ourselves.B. A word of encouragement matters a lot.C. Outdoor activities bring peoplecloser than ever.D. A good method plays an important role in teaching.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. The Wire WalkB. That One MomentC. Fear and CourageD. The Young Hearts第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高三英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AI believe in the power of holding on. What do I mean by holding on? Hugging, or holding on, is the power we possess when we put our arms around someone. It can change relationships, makes a patient a person, an acquaintance a friend.My grandmother taught me about holding on, whenever she gathered me in her strong, loving Irish arms. She always hugged even when her back became curved .My mother hugs my children the same way—heart open and arms wide, breathing them into her soul.Once I became aware of its power, I started experimenting: I held my mother-in-law a moment too long then moved onto my sisters-in-law, aunts, nieces, nephews, and cousins. I tried it with a friend who had made my life rich with laughter, but I was too embarrassed to tell her, and acquaintances that I wanted to be friends with. Some were bothered, others accepting, but all had one thing in common—the next time I hugged them, they hugged me back.For me, holding on has become more than a physical interaction; it has become a way of thinking. My answer to life’s dilemmas and tough choices, it’s a mixture of acceptance, forgiveness, and patience—not always easy or understood but it guides me to be quiet and listen, look for the good, have a sense of humor and laugh, stop worrying and be patient because if I let it, something will change.I’ve often wondered how different my life would have been if I hadn’t learned the p ower of holding on. If during that time in my life, when I was crumbling into myself, my mother had stopped holding on to me, I might have missed something so vital to my existence. I believe that a hug is likea battery charger—a good one can keep me going for a long time.1. It can be learned from the passage that________.A. holding your friends’ hands is beneficialB. hugging a stranger is a very common thingC. the power of holding on is beyond expectationD. a good habit came down from Grandparents2. When her grandmother hugged the author_______.A. she knew her grandmother were from IrelandB. she found her grandmother older and olderC. she could sense her grandmother wasn’t herselfD. she could feel great love from her loved one3 When the author offered to make friends with others______A. she was misunderstood in a wayB. she was refused immediatelyC. she was thought to be foolishD. she was made fun of at once4. What is author’s attitude towards her life ?A .Compromising B. Optimistic C. Pessimistic D. UnbelievableBThe Boy Made It!One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could — he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholaswas saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’survival show Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode(一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area andhas to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.5. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?A. He broke his skis.B. He got lost.C. He hurt his eyesD. He caught a cold.6. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A. He found a shelter.B. He lighted some branches.C. He built a snow cave.D. He kept on skiing.7. On Tuesday, Nicholas ______.A. returned to his shelter safelyB. got stuck in the snowC. was saved by a searcherD. stayed where he was8. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ______.A. was very hard-workingB. watched Grylls’ TV program regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. did the right things in the dangerous situationCJack Ma’s net worth increased $2.8bn overnight as Alibaba forecast sales growth that topped every analyst’s estimate, despite the fact that China’s economy is slowing down.Mr. Ma, aged 52 this year, is now the richest person in Asia and 14th wealthiest in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. His net worth has climbed $8.5bn this year to $41.8bn.The latest surge came after China’s largest e-commerce company forecast 45 to 49 percent revenue(收入) growth in the year ending March, demonstrating how investments beyond online shopping are paying off. Shares in Alibaba, where Mr. Ma is chairman, rose 13 percent to a record high.Alibaba and Tencent, which dominate online shopping and social media, respectively have ventured(冒险) deeper into new areas from cloud computing services to streaming music and video as the country’s economy slows. Alibaba is capturing more digital advertising spending by incorporating(合并) social elements such as video in its shopping sites.Alibaba is holding meetings with investors this week. On Friday, the former English teacher said he wasn’t going to discuss corporate forecasts. He took the stage instead to describe how his company had become effectively the world’s 22nd largest economy—just after Argentina—in terms of transaction(交易) by never fearing to think big. Mr. Ma, who said Alibaba revises 10-year plans annually, foresaw the company becoming the fifth-largest eventually by 2036 by serving a burgeoning Chinese middle classes, taking advantage of global trade and making use of its valuable data.Ma’s comments about the evolution of data-driven technology echoed Masayoshi Son, Chairman of Japan’s SoftBank. SoftBank—Alibaba’s largest shareholder—has invested billions in companies such as ARM with the intention of staking out a leading position in the future Internet of Things.“The Internet of Things is going to be big because in the past, machines drink electricity,” Mr. Ma told investors. “In the next 20 years, machi nes will drink data. In the future, no company, nocountry, no business can survive without data.”9. What can we infer from the passage?A. Jack Ma has become the richest person in the world.B. China’s economy is not satisfying.C. online shopping grows rapidly worldwide.D. Alibaba is the largest company in the world.10. The underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 3 probably means_____.A. uncertaintyB. rapid declineC. dead timeD. sudden increase11. What do we know about Alibaba?A. It has been providing cloud computing services.B. It makes profits mainly from digital advertising.C. It is China’s largest social media company.D. It aims to research into streaming music and video.12. What does Jack Ma stress in the last paragraph?A. The importance of the data.B. The investment of global tradeC. The necessity sharing information.D. The future of the Internet of Things.D.Most nations have at least one type of food that people from other countries think is unusual or unethical（不道德的）to eat. In France, people eat horse meat and frog legs. In South Korea and parts of China, restaurants serve dog meat. And in Australia, it’s common to cook kangaroo meat on the barbecue and use emu（鸸鹋）eggs to make pancakes.The kangaroo and emu are native to Australia. Both animals are important to the national image of Australia and appear on the Australian coat of arms. They’re also central figures in the history of the indigenous（土生土长的）Australian Aboriginals（土著人）. However, Aboriginal tribes still hunt these animals for their meat, fur and fat.Today, Australian people continue to eat these animals. One of the reasons people eat kangaroo meat is that it’s high in protein and low in fat, so eating kangaroo is a good opti on for anyone on a diet. It’s also cheaper to eat kangaroo meat than other red meats. Because of this, a lot of university students choose to buy kangaroo meat. BBC News also reported that Australian scientists believe that eating kangaroo meat is good for the environment--kangaroos have different digestive systems than cows and sheep, meaning they produce less methane（甲烷），the second biggest contributor to global warming.While emu meat is high in iron and vitamin C, most people don’t think it tastes go od. For this reason, they prefer emu eggs. One egg is large enough to make seven omelettes（煎蛋）. And while it’s illegal to collect emu eggs from the wild, they can be bought from emu farms. Rather than cracking the beautiful dark shell, it’s better to drain it by putting a small hole at each end and blowing. Afterwards, you can even carve a design into the eggshell.13. The author mentioned the meat-eating customs of different countries at the beginning of the article to __________.A. present different cult ures’ meat-eating preferencesB. introduce the consumption of kangaroo meat and emu eggs in AustraliaC. suggest that people try to understand other countries’ dietsD. compare different eating habits among different countries14. According to the article, the kangaroo __________.A. is not considered precious in AustraliaB. contains large amounts of iron and vitamins in its meatC. faces extinction due to hunting by Aboriginal tribesD. is considered healthy and environmentally friendly to eat15. Which of the following statements is TRUE about emu eggs?A. Emu eggs taste terrible but are nutritious.B. The shells of emu eggs are not difficult to break.C. Emu egg shells can be used to create art.D. It’s common for Australians to collect emu eggs from the wild.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
绝密★启用前辽宁省大连市旅顺口区2020届高三年级上学期期中质量检测生物试题一、单项选择题（本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
）1、假如你发现了一种新的单细胞生物并决定对其分类，以下哪种特性与你的决定无关（）A．核膜的有无 B．核糖体的有无C．细胞壁的有无 D．光合色素的有无2、真核细胞中,下列代谢过程在生物膜上进行的是（）A．有氧呼吸中[H]和氧的结合B．转录时mRNA的合成C．翻译时氨基酸的脱水缩合 D．光合作用中ATP的水解3、如图为某植物幼苗受单侧光照射一段时间后切片示意图,其中圆点表示生长素,下列相关叙述错误的是（）A．此部位的生长素来自幼苗尖端B．b侧生长素浓度高,故单侧光来自b侧C．a侧细胞的伸长速度小于b侧D．a侧的生长素效应相当于茎横放的远地侧4、下列关于蛋白质和核酸的叙述,正确的是（）A.高温会破坏蛋白质的肽键而使其变性B.生物体中的酶都是由氨基酸脱水缩合形成的多聚体C.基因中碱基的排列顺序决定蛋白质中氨基酸的排列顺序D.真核细胞的遗传信息均储存于细胞核中的染色体上5、当前,有少数学生沉迷于用手机玩游戏、聊天等,使学习成绩下降,研究表明过度使用手机,其辐射会对人的脑部神经造成一定伤害,从而使理解力、记忆力下降,在下列脑的结构中,与学习和记忆有关的主要是（）A.小脑B.大脑皮层C.下丘脑D.脑干6、下列有关生物学实验的叙述,正确的是（）A．用苏丹Ⅳ染液可检测生物组织中维生素D的存在B．观察DNA和RNA在细胞中分布时,应选择染色均匀,细胞质色泽较深的区域C．分离叶绿体中的色素时,不同色素随无水乙醇在滤纸上的扩散速度不同D．健那绿可以使活细胞中的线粒体染成蓝绿色,利于在高倍镜下观察生活状态的线粒体的分布及形态7、2016年诺贝尔生理学奖授予日本科学家大隅良典,以鼓励他在“细胞自噬机制方面的发现”。
细胞自噬,即细胞可以通过相关的细胞器以清除自身内部的某些变性的大分子,或分解衰老、损伤的细胞器和细胞。
2020届大连市旅顺口区高三物理上学期期中卷（时间：90分钟 总分：110分 Ⅰ卷涂答题卡，Ⅱ卷写答题卡）第Ⅰ卷（选择题：每题4分，共48分）一、选择题（其中1---8题为单选，9---12题为多选，多选，错选不得分，选不全的得2分）1．甲、乙两车在同一水平道路上，一前一后相距s=6m ，乙车在前，甲车在后，某时刻两车同时开始运动，两车运动的过程如图所示，则下列表述正确的是( )A ．当t =4s 时两车相遇B ．当t =4s 时两车间的距离最大C ．两车有三次相遇D ．两车有两次相遇2. 一人站在斜坡上，推着一个重力大小为G 的大雪球，若雪球刚好处在一处倾角为θ的光滑斜面上，且始终处于静止状态，此人的推力通过雪球的球心，则（ ） A ．此人的推力最小值为Gtan θ B ．此人的推力最小值为Gsin θ C ．此人的推力最大值为G/cos θ D ．此人的推力最大值为Gcot θ3．如图，质量为1.5kg 的物体A 静止在竖直的轻弹簧上，质量为0.5kg 的物体B 由细线悬挂在天花板上，B与A 刚好接触但不挤压。
现突然将细线剪断，则剪断后瞬间A 、B 间的作用力大小为(g 取10m/s 2)( ) A ．0B ．2.5NC ．3.75ND ．5N4．地球赤道上有一物体随地球的自转，所受的向心力为F 1，向心加速度为a 1，线速度为v 1，角速度为ω1；绕地球表面附近做圆周运动的人造卫星（高度忽略），所受的向心力为F 2，向心加速度为a 2，线速度为v 2，角速度为ω2；地球的同步卫星所受的向心力为F 3，向心加速度为a 3，线速度为v 3，角速度为ω3；地球表面的重力加速度为g ，第一宇宙速度为v ，假设三者质量相等，则（ ）A ．123F F F =>B ．123a a g a ==>C ．123v v v v ==>D ．132ωωω=<5．列车在空载情况下以恒定功率P 经过一段平直的路段，通过某点时速率为v ，加速度为a 1；当列车满载货物再次经过同一点时，功率和速率均与原来相同，但加速度变为a 2。
2020届大连市旅顺口区高三理科数学上学期期中卷第Ⅰ卷（12题：共60分）一、选择题（包括12小题，每小题5分，共60分） 1.已知全集UR =,集合{}21A x y x ==-，集合{}2x B y y ==，则U A C B I 为 （ ）A ．[1,0]-B ．[1,0)-C ．(0,1]D ．[0,1]2.若复数z 满足(12)5i z +=,i 为虚数单位,则z 的虚部为 （ ） A.2i - B.2- C.2 D.2i3.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若6789a a a ++=，是13S 的值为 （ ）A.117B.28C.39D.56 4.11()x e x dx -+⎰的值为 （ ）A ．1e e -B ．1e e +C ．12e +D ．12e - 5.中国古代数学著作《算法统宗》中有这样一个问题：“三百七十八里关，初行健步不为难，次日脚痛减一半，六朝才得其关，要见次日行里数，请公仔细算相还。
”其意思是“有一个人走378里，第一天健步行走，从第二天起脚痛每天走的路程是前一天的一半，走了6天后到达目的地。
”请问第一天走了 （ ）A.192里B.68里C.48里D.220里 6.若将函数2sin3y x =的图像向左平移12π个单位长度，则平移后图象的对称轴为 （ ） A.2()12x k k Z ππ=+∈ B.()123k x k Z ππ=+∈ C.52()36x k k Z ππ=+∈ D.()363k x k Z ππ=+∈ 7. 有下列结论：（1）命题2:,0p x R x ∀∈>总成立，则命题2:,0p x R x ⌝∀∈≤总成立。
（2）设2:0,:20,2xp q x x x >+->+则p 是q 的充分不必要条件。
（3）命题：若0ab =，则0a =或0b =，其否命题是真命题。
（4）非零向量a r 和b r 满足||||||a b a b ==-r r r r ，则a r 与a b +r r的夹角为30︒。
2020年大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Children's Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.DiMenna Children's History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Children's MuseumStaten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.1. Which museum provides biology classes for kids?A. Brooklyn Children's Museum.B. Staten Island Children's Museum.C. Children's Museum of Manhattan.D. DiMenna Children's History Museum.2. What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum?A. Play interesting games with great firefighters.B. Know about famous people's childhood lives.C. Run stores like adults in different small streets.D. Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.3. Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?A. At Ladder 11.B. At the Block Harbor.C In Green Living Room. D. On a human-sized anthill.BI don’t think I can recall a time whenI wasn’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up inAustralia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went toHalfmoonBay,I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to theGreat Barrier Reef. There were fish in different color1 s, caves and layers of coral. They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only one percent ofAustralia’sCoral Seawas protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world’s reefs are considered healthy.This statistic is depressing, so it’s important for usto do everything to protect them. The hope that theCoral Searemains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action. I’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean’s species will all have a safe place forever.Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.4. What can we learn about the author from the underlined sentence inPara. 1?A. He seldom went surfing at the sea.B. He forgot his experiences about the ocean.C. He never went back to his hometown.D. He had a wonderful impression ofHalfmoonBay.5. What is Australian marine life like according to the second paragraph?A. It is escaping from theCoral Seagradually.B. It depends on reefs for living greatly.C. It may be faced with danger.D. It is protected better than that in other oceans.6. What’s the purpose of The Protect Our Coral Sea activity?A. It is intended to contribute to a complete ecosystem.B. It is intended to prevent more marine species being endangered.C. It is intended to set up a large nature reserve for reefs.D. It is intended to raise more teenagers’ environmental awareness.7. Why do Angus and the author create a little video?A. To urge more people to take action toprotect the marine species.B. To inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean.C. To share their childhood experiences about the ocean.D. To bring back to people their memory of ocean species.CPoaching and habitat loss have threatened Africa's two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of disappearance, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).Before this update, Africa's elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been sorted separately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a 31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60% over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the world's animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land isconvertedfor agriculture or other uses.There is some good conservation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with betterland use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population figures have stabilized in well-managed areas in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa.But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africa's wild lands, concern for Africa's elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is more severe than ever.8. What can be inferred from the new report about African elephants?A. They are divided into three kinds.B. They are dying out.C. Their threat is mainly from poaching.D. Their population has grown in Africa.9. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?A. The detailed number of African elephants.B. The similarities of African elephants.C. The different types of African elephants.D. The present situation of African elephants.10. What does the underlined word "converted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Expanded.B. Protected.C. Transformed.D. Forbidden.11. What's the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A. Hopeless.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Worried.DIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a pollutingprocess. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.12. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.13. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.15. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHubeiProvincehas long been a favorite Chinese tourist destination because of its natural scenery, historic cities, and beautiful mountains. Here are some of the best places to visit inHubeiProvince.YellowCraneTowerYellowCraneToweris known as one of the Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River, together withYueyangTowerinHunanand Tengwang Pavilion inJiangxi. The history ofYellowCraneTowerdates back to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history. The tower was used as a watchtower by the King of Wu's army in the beginning.Enshi Grand CanyonEnshi Grand Canyon can beChina's answer to the Grand Canyon inArizona, theUnited Statesin beauty. The canyon runs 108 kilometers and occupies a land area of 3,000 square kilometers. The region where Enshi Grand Canyon is located used to be a vast sea with many limestone deposits 230 million years ago.Shennongjia Scenic AreaIt is famous for its varied plant species as well as mountains. Regarded as the “Lungs of Central China", the forest coverage reaches over 90 percent of the area. Due to the special climate, it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Sometimes clouds stretch around mountains, rewarding tourists with unforgettable views. Besides, the area is home to some rare animals such as golden monkeys, white bears and antelope.The Three-Gorge Tribe scenic spotLocated in the area of the Xiling Gorge in the city ofYichang, it has the beauty of landscape paintings. The spot is a “ProtectedCenterof the Popular Culture and Art of the Three Gorges”. Since ancient times, a lot of famous scholars have produced a great number of excellent poems praising the beauty of this place, some of which are carved on the stones along theYangtze River.1. What is special aboutYellowCraneTower?A. It has a long history.B. It offers a scenic view.C. It once served war's purposes.D. It is the best-known tower inChina2. Why is the Grand Canyon inArizonamentioned ?A. To explain its popularity inChina.B. To help readers know more about it.C. To prove the beauty of the Chinese canyon.D. To show differences between the two canyons.3. Which place will a Chinese literature lover probably visit?A. Enshi Grand Canyon.B.YellowCraneTower.C. Shennongjia Scenic Area.D. TheThree-Gorge Tribe scenic spot.BIf you could travel back in time, which period of history would you visit? It’s a great question to ask your friends, and time travel is the subject of many science fiction films. Of course, sci-fi is familiar to most of us, butwhat is cli-fi? The simple answer is climate fiction which focuses on the subject of climate change.Many of the cli-fi examples we watch tend to be disaster films. It could be solar flares (太阳耀斑), ice ages devastating (摧毁) the planet, extreme flooding swamping the earth with water, or super-storms that threaten life as we know it. While films and novels of this style are often subject to the typical images of a hero or heroine battling to save the day, what sets it apart from most sci-fi films is that the plots will often draw on apparently reasonable outcomes in the near future.Climate change and the potential threats have long been established. Some believe that the issue of climate change has even led to more fans watching films to learn more about what's happening to the world – seeing it as a form of edutainment. A study conducted by the Yale programme on Climate Change Communication tested the effects that two climate fiction novels can have on its readers and found “significant positive effects” in terms of their attitudes and beliefs towards the climate crisis – for example, understanding global warming will harm them and future generations.Most climate films are not only extremely popular action films, but also cause our fear of what some see as the approaching end of the world. This sounds bad, but according to a study conducted on 310 adults in the US, watching such scary films can help us feel more prepared and less alone in situations such as the pandemic (疫情). So, it looks like cli-fi is hereto stay – and there seem to be some benefits. Whether it’s there to educate, entertainor prepare you for a climate crisis, it might have a role to play.4. Which of the following may be the subject of cli-fi?A. Time travel.B. Global warming.C. Weather forecast.D. Economic climate.5. What can we learn about cli-fi films from paragraph 2?A. They are often about extreme natural disasters.B. They want to show that man can conquer nature.C. They usually have similar plots with sci-fi films.D. They can show the true near future of the world.6. Why is the study conducted by the Yale programme mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To prove that climate change has potential threats.B. To show that people like climate fiction novels.C. To tell that cli-fi novels have positive effects on readers.D. To explain how the climate crisis affect the human being.7. What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Cli-fi films are very popular as action films.B. A study was conducted on 310 adults in theUS.C. The pandemic make people scared and alone.D. Cli-fi films are useful and will be here to stay.CIf our kids don’t fall, they don’t learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I’m the oldest of four children, and no doubt she’d had a long day with the other kids and it’d slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused. It was midterm, and as a straight-A student ready to start college applications, being late wasn’t an option (选择). In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything I’d worked for. But sheheld her ground, and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didn’t rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. It’s how we self-educate to learn what’s right and respectable, and what’s not. It’s how we become responsible and enthusiastic. Falling down makes us better because we learn how to get up.8. What is one of the reasons that the author got angry that day?A. She was tired.B. She failed in a test.C. She was late for school.D. She had to walk home by herself.9. How does the author feel about her childhood experience?A. Terrible.B. Meaningful.C. Embarrassing.D. Colorful.10. The underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.A. gave in to meB. said yes to meC. stayed in the placeD. kept to her idea11. What is the best title for the text?A. My Way of GrowingB. The Value of FailureC. My Love for MotherD. Failure in My LifeDIf you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, you'llhave to figure out how to feed yourself. Many plants in the wild areedible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the human body can go for days without food, and you’re better off being hungry than being poisoned.Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mouth. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and holdit in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.12. What’s the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?A. Suitable for using as food.B. Widely spread.C. Existing in large quantities.D. Not widely known.13. What can we know from paragraph 2?A. Planning is unnecessary when using the method.B. Not all plants in the wild can serve as food generally.C. Suffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants.D. Following the method perfectly can ensure safety.14. Which is the correct order of testing plants in the mouth?① wait and see ② chew it in the mouth③ put it on the tongue④ put it against lips ⑤ swallow itA. ③④②①⑤B. ④③②①⑤C. ③④②⑤①D.④③②⑤①15. Where might the passage come from?A. A student’s diary.B. A science report.C. A guide book for camping.D. A doctor’ s notebook.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届大连市旅顺实验中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列关于科学家及其成就的描述中，正确的是（）A. 英国科学家普里斯特利，通过实验发现植物可以吸收释放B. 鲁宾和卡门用同位素示踪法发现光合作用释放的来自于水C. 施莱登和施旺建立细胞学说揭示了所有生物都是由细胞发育面来D. 恩格尔曼用同位素示踪法发现光合作用的场所是叶绿体2. 下列有关几类生物的叙述，正确的是A.某池塘的全部蓝藻，既不是生命系统结构层次中的种群，也不是群落B.颤藻与水绵的共同点是都能进行光合作用，都含有叶绿体C. T2噬菌体通过细胞分裂的方式进行增殖D.硝化细菌与草履虫结构上的根本区别是前者有细胞壁3. 将一个细胞中的磷脂成分全部抽提出来，并将它在空气和水界面上铺成单分子层，结果发现这个单分子层的表面积相当于原来细胞膜表面积的两倍。
这个细胞最可能是A. 白细胞B. 蛙的红细胞C. 蛔虫的体细胞D. 乳酸菌4. 下图甲是缩手反射相关结构，图乙是图甲中某一结构d的亚显微结构棋式图。
下列叙述正确的是A. 甲图中的f结构是效应器B. 兴奋在甲图中的d结构上可以双向传递C. 乙图中的B可以是细胞体或树突的膜D. 当甲图的b处兴奋时，膜内的电流是从未兴奋部位流向兴奋部位5. 关于物质跨膜运输的叙述中，错误的是（）A.O2进入细胞不需要载体蛋白协助B.胰岛素的分泌过程需要消耗能量C.葡萄糖进入细胞的方式都需要载体蛋白的协助D.需要载体蛋白协助参与的运输方式中，也一定是要消耗细胞内能量的6. 下列化合物中，含化学元素种类最多的一组是()①胰岛素①乳糖①核苷酸①磷脂①[H]①脂肪①RNA①抗体①纤维素①ATPA.①①①①①B.①①①①①C.①①①①①D.①①①①①7. 抗原进入人体后，被体液中相应抗体消灭的过程是（）①大多数抗原经吞噬细胞的摄取和处理①吞噬细胞将抗原呈递给B细胞，刺激B细胞产生淋巴因子①吞噬细胞将抗原呈递给T细胞，刺激T细胞产生淋巴因子①抗体与相应的抗原特异性结合①B细胞接受抗原刺激后增殖、分化，形成浆细胞并分泌抗体A.①①①①B.①①①①C.①①①①D.①①①①8. 将DNA指纹同人体核DNA的酶切片段杂交，可获得由多个位点上的等位基因组成的长度不等的杂交带图纹，这种图纹极少有两个人完全相同故而得名，可用来进行个人识别及亲子鉴定。
2020届大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ARome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 anight, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?fort.B.Security.C.Price.D.Location.2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A.Yellow Hostel.B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.C.Youth Station Hostel.D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A.It gets noisy at night.B.Its staff is too talkative.C.It charges for Wi-Fi.D.It’s inconveniently located.BAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.5. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.6. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.7. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.CGetting drunk on ice cream used to be the stuff of dreams, but thanks to Will Rogers, inventor and owner of WDS Dessert Stations in Hinkley, Illinois, it has become a delicious reality. The Below Zero icecream machine usesa unique technique to freeze alcohol, which allows you to turn beers, cocktails and even spirits (烈酒) into delicious soft —serve ice cream.Rogers was trying to create a highly — caffeinated espresso ice cream flavor when he realized hecould use the same technique with alcoholic beverages. He started experimenting with various gums and stabilizers commonly used in the ice cream industry and eventually patented something called the NEA gel. It’s this magical concoction (调制品) that allows the alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the Below Zero ice cream machine.Even though Below Zero changes the texture (质地) of beer, cocktails and even spirits, essentially turning them into soft —serve ice cream, it does not affect the alcohol contentat all. The ABV (酒精度) remains exactly the same, which means you can get drunk on ice — cream just as you would on the same concoctions in liquid form.Will Rogers claims that it takes around 30 minutes for beer to go from liquid to ice cream form, but higher alcohol content drinks take longer. Essentially, the higher the alcohol level, the longer the wait.The American inventor plans to sell Below Zero ice cream machines to bars and breweries wanting to surprise their patrons. Metro reports that machines will sell for about 6,000.8. What’s the name of the machine which can change beer and spirits into ice cream?A. Will RogersB. WDS Dessert StationsC. HinkleyD. Below Zero9. What makes alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the machine?A. gums.B. stabilizers.C. NEA gel.D. ABV.10. What can we know from the passage?A. The machine can change all liquids into ice cream.B. It takes 20 minutes for beer to change into ice cream.C. The higher the alcohol level, the shorter the wait will be.D. The machine changes the texture of beer, cocktails and even spirits.11. What can we infer from the passage?A. The machine affects the alcohol content.B. You can get drunk if you have ice—creams made from spirits.C. The American inventor doesn’t want to sell themagical machine.D. Bars and breweries will not become potential buyers of the machine.DIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could get to her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night, she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was also given a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for Health inBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.12. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.13. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.14. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many Talents第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANational Disability Insurance Scheme (方案)The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) will transform the way Queenslanders with disability are supported and change the way disability services are funded and delivered.Under the scheme, Queenslanders with disability will have choice and control over how they access support and who delivers them. They will also have certainty that they will be supported throughout their lifetime to achieve their personal goals.The NDIS will have an effect on the following programs.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with DisabilityThe NDIS will not disrupt existing services for qualified students. The Queensland Government will also continue to provide school transport assistance for students with disability who are not qualified to receive funding via the NDIS.For more information about the School Transport Assistance Program, and to check your qualification, visit the Education and Training website.Taxi Subsidy (补助金) SchemeThe Queensland Governmenthas lengthened the Taxi Subsidy Scheme (TSS) membership for NDIS qualified members to 31 October, 2022. This will allow more time to solve transport support arrangements under the Commonwealth’s NDIS.You can find more information about the TSS and your qualification on the TransLink website.Disability Parking Permit SchemeNo changes will be made to the Disability parking permit scheme when the NDIS is introduced inQueensland. Current arrangements for this scheme will be maintained.You can find more information on this scheme, and check your qualification, on the Queensland Government website.Public Transport Concessions for People with DisabilityThere will be no change to concessions on public transport for people with disability when the NDIS isintroduced inQueensland. TransLink will continue to ensure concessions are provided for disabled persons travelling on public transport inQueenslandwhen the NDIS is introduced.You can find more information about public transport discounts for people with disability, and check your qualification, on the TransLink website,1.Which program helps drive the disabled to and from school?A.Taxi Subsidy Scheme.B.Disability Parking Permit Scheme.C.Public Transport Concessions for People with Disability.D.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with Disability.2.What can we learn about Taxi Subsidy Scheme?A.The scheme is for parking permit.B.The existing membership can be effective for longer time.C.There is no change to current arrangements for the scheme.D.The NDIS will not break off existing services for qualified students.3.What do the four programs have in common?A.They are all related to transport.B.They are all largely affected by NDIS.C.They all can be checked on the same website.D.They all provide discounts for disabled persons.BGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, theless sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.4. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.5. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.6. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.7. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.CThe Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of theUnited States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition (探险队) , which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory (领土) covered about 17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Butthat was a brief sweet history.In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off theRockieson their westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and ill -- too weak to defend themselves.Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks ofClearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery. Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white men’s greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens ofWashingtonTerritoryinvited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He said there were a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the Chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave theWallowaValleyand then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles to-wards Canada in an attempt to retreat(撤退) north, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with manyof his band to the Colville Reservation inWashingtonwhere Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation.(保留地，居留地)8. What isTRUEabout the Lewis andClark expedition?A. They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B. They ended their expedition on the banks ofClearwater River.C. They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D. They were the first Americans to travel from theAtlanticto the Pacific.9. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?A. Old Joseph’s proud mannerB. White men’s increasing demand for land and goldC. A growing number of white men in the landD The breakdown of the peace talk10. Young Joseph gave in at last because ________.A. he grew olderB. he was terribly illC. he hated the warD. he lost other chiefs’ support11. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about ________.A. the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce IndiansB. the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville ReservationC. lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whitesD. constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribesDThe founder of Earth Day was Gaylord Nelson, a U.S. Senator fromWisconsin. During the late 1960s, Americans witnessed the uninvited side effects of high productivity. Factories and power plants were sending out smoke and industrial waste while Americans were using petrol for their massive(大量的) cars, making air pollution almostsynonymous withthe nation’s development.What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill inCalifornia, the largest in theUnited Statesat that time. The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a significant effect on marine life, killing about 3,500 sea birds, as well as marine animals such as dolphins, elephant seals and sea lions, fueling public anger. Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time, Nelson found it an appropriate time to direct the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection. He decided that it was time to educate the Americans on the need to protect the environment. Thus Earth Day was born in 1970, and public environmentalawareness took centre stage.On 22ndApril 1970, millions of Americans took to the street and thousands of students marched to appeal for a healthy, sustainable environment. There was now a new synergy(协同作用) among different groups which had previously been fighting their causes related to the environment. Their fight for environmental conservation became so overwhelming that affected businesses were forced to follow environmental standards if they wanted to continue their operations.As it became more apparent that environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern, the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world. Earth Day 1990 helped pave the way for the1992 United Nations Earth Summit inRio de Janeiro, bringing together many nations for a united effort towards protecting the environment.12. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “synonymous with” in paragraph 1?A. familiar withB. opposite toC. different fromD. equal to13. Why did Nelson found Earth Day?A. To support students’ antiwar movement.B. To draw people’s attention to the seriousness of the oil spill.C. To arouse American’s awareness of environmental conservation.D. To educate Americans to protect marine life threatened by oil spill events.14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Businesses would like to follow environmental standards.B. Earth Day united people to fight for environmental protection.C. It was the side effects of high productivity that led Nelson to take action.D. The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit made Earth Day known to more countries.15. The passage mainly talks about_______.A. how Earth Day came into beingB. why Earth Day was so significantC. who the founder of Earth Day wasD. what Earth Day meantto the world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAQUILA Children’s Magazine is the most intelligent read for curious kids. Full of enthusiastic articles and challenging puzzles, every issue covers science, history and general knowledge. AQUILA is a quality production, beautifully illustrated with contemporary artwork throughout.● Intelligent reading for 8-12 year-olds● Cool science and challenging projects● Inspires self-motivated learning● Exciting new topic every issueAQUILA is created and owned by an independent UK company. It has 28 pages,printed on high-quality paper and there are no advertisements or posters. Instead it is full of well-written articles, thought-provoking ideas and great contemporary artwork. Each monthly issue is centred around a new topic.AQUILA works as a superb learning extension to current primary (or KS2 and KS3) curriculum (课程), but it is much more than that! Entertaining and always surprising, AQUILA is recommended because it widens children’s interest and understanding, rather than encouraging them to concentrate only on their favourite subjects. It gives children a well-rounded understanding of the world, in all its complexity.The concepts in AQUILA can be challenging, requiring good comprehension and reading skills. 8 years is usually a good age to start. Some gentle interest from an adult is often helpful at the start.In 2020 AQUILA will have been in publication for 28 years, but it has never appeared in newsstands or shops. We are subscription only.AQUILA SubscriptionUK: 12 Months £55 - 4 Months £30Europe: 12 Months £60 -4 Months £35World: 12 Months £70 - 4 Months £35BirthdaysSelect the Birthday option, write a gift message and choose the birthday month. We will dispatch to arrive at the start of the month you have entered. The package posts in a blue envelope marked ‘Open on your birthday’.1.What is special about AQUILA?A.It is available in shops.B.It is for kids of all ages.C.It has no advertisements.D.It prints readers’ artworks.2.What does AQUILA offer its readers?A.Articles on modern art.B.Family reading materials.C.Ideas on improving readingskills.D.Knowledge beyond school subjects.3.AQUILA is intended for ________.A.foreign language learnersB.children with learning difficultiesC.parent-child reading loversD.curious kids with good comprehensionBWhen an animal species is considered endangered, it means that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has evaluatedit as nearly extinct, which means that a majority of its population has already died off and the rate of birth is lower than the species’death rate. Today, more and more animal and plant species are on the way to extinction because of a variety of major factors that cause a species to become endangered, and as you might expect, humans play a role in quite a few of them — in fact, the biggest threat to endangered animals is human encroachment (侵入) on their habitats.Every species needs a habitat, where an animal finds food, raises its young. Unfortunately, humans destroy animal habitats in a number of different ways: building houses, clearing forests to getlumberand to plant crops, draining rivers to bring water to those crops, and making streets and parking lots.In addition, human development pollutes the environment with all kinds of chemicals, which destroys food sources and shelters for the creatures and plants of that area. As a result, some species die out while others are pushed into areas where they can’t find food and shelters — to make matters worse, when one animal population suffers, it affects many other species in its food web, so more than one species’population is likely to decrease.Habitat destruction is the number one reason for animal endangerment, which is why conservation groups work hard to repair the effects of human developments — many non-profit groups like the Nature Conservancy are taking measures to clean up coastlines and establish nature preserves to prevent further harm to nativeenvironments and species around the world.4. A species is considered endangered________.A. when the IUCN has noticed its population changeB. when most of its population has died offC. when the species’ birth rate is close to its death rateD. when the species is losing its habitat5. What does the underlined word “lumber” probably mean?A. Gas.B. Food.C. Chemicals.D. Wood.6. What is being done to protect the endangered species?A. Calling for human development.B. Raising money.C. Establishing nature preserves.D. Educating people.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Habitat destruction causes animal endangerment.B. Animals die out due to environment pollution.C. Measures need to be taken to increase species.D. Non-profit groups are making great contributions.CNowadays organic food hasbecome a fashion. Organic food sales reached a record of $ 45.2 billion in 2017, making it one of the fastest-growing parts of American agriculture. Some people may buy organic food for these reasons like resource cycling and biodiversity, but most people may choose organic food because they think it's healthier. While a small number of studies have shown relationships between eating organic food and reducing risks of being ill, no studies, up to now, have answered the question whether eating organic food can improve health.According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA), organic food does not suggest anything about health. In 20155 Miles McEvoy, then chief of the National Organic Program for the USDA, refused to admit any health benefits of organic food, saying the question has nothing to do with the National Organic Program. Instead, the USDA thinks that organic refers to a production method that increases cycling of resources keeps ecological balance, and protects biodiversity.I'm an environmental health scientist who has spent over 20 years studying pesticides that do harm to human beings. Several years ago, I was part of the study on whether an organic diet can reduce pesticide exposure. This study focused on a group of pesticides which have always been harmful to children's brain development. We found that children who ate traditional diets had nine times higher exposure to these pesticides than children whoate organic diets.Last month, I published a small study that suggested a path forward to answering the question whether eating organic food actually improves health. My study got a lot of attention. While the results were novel, they didn't answer the big question. As I toldThe New York Timesin 2003, “What does this really mean for the safety of my kids? But we don't know. Nobody does. It was true then, and it's still true now.”8. Why do most people prefer to buy organic food?A. For its health benefits.B. For biodiversity.C. For its delicious taste.D. For resource cycling.9. What does the USDA suggest about organic food?A. It can improve people's health.B. It is produced in an environment-friendly way.C. It can reduce risks of being ill.D. It has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.10. What can be concluded from the author's study?A. Pesticides don't harm children's brain.B. Traditional diets benefit people's health.C. Organic diets can reduce pesticide exposure.D. The results are meaningful to children's safety.11. What is the best title for the text?A.What Is Organic Food?B. Is Organic Food Healthier?C. How Should We Avoid Pesticides?D. What Are the Benefits of Organic Food?DLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty frightening. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the namesof people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital inBoston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts become smaller, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of afriend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrongBut even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion andmemory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive(认知的) reserve, Daffner says.“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways, ” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster12. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?A. Not all of them are related to one’s age.B. Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.C. They occur only among certain groups of people.D. They are quite common among fifty-year-old people.13. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriouslyA. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiencesC. Failure to remember the names of movies or actorsD. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.14. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A. Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.B. Stop medications affecting memory.C. Turn to a professional for assistance.D. Exercise to improve their well-being15. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice forfight against memory loss?A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.D. Staying active both physically and mentally第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.4. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed5. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.7. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different HandsCAt Aizo Chuo Hospital in Japan, employees greet newcomers, guide patients to and from the surgery area, and print out maps of the hospital for confused visitors. They don’t take lunch breaks or even get paid. Why? They’re robots!Robots have long worked in factories, helping to build cars and electronic appliances. But today’s robots don’t just do the jobs of people－they actually look and act a lot like people.Kansei, arobot from Japan, has a plastic face covering 19 movable parts. The robot can make 36 facial expressions in response to different words. Kansei shakes in fear at the word “war” and smiles when it hears the word “dinner”.Researchers in Europe are going even further with iCub, a “baby” robot. They are teaching it to speak and hold conversations.The ability to interact is crucial for robots that will one day work closely with humans says robotics professor ChrisAtkeson. “ This will require robots to understand what you say and how you are feeling and respond withappropriate emotions, ” he told WR News.Japanese scientist Minoru Asada agrees. He is building a robot called CB2 that acts like a real baby. “ Right now, it only goes, ̒Ah, ah. ̓But as we develop its learning function, it will start saying more complex sentences and moving on its own, ” Asada says. “ Next-generation robots need to be able to learn and develop by themselves.”Intelligent robot will become more important in the future, as populations age and the number of human workers declines in many countries. “ We’re going to have many more old people and not enough young people to care for them,” says robot researcher Matthew Mason. “ Technology can help the old people live at home longer, instead of going to nursing homes.”8. According to the passage, what jobs have robots already performed?A. Giving advice, answering customer questions and planning events.B. Producing factory goods, building cars and greeting customers.C. Greeting customers, producing factory goods and performing surgery.D. Building cars, driving passengers and providing directions.9. The second paragraph in this passage is mainly about?A. To explain how a robot works.B. To define what a robot is.C. To describe the functions of modern robots.D. To predict the future uses of robots.10. How does the Kansei robot react on the word “fire”?A. Use languages to warn nearby humans.B Back up its memory files.C. Activate an automatic fire alarm.D. Produce a worried look on his face.11. In Asada’s opinion, the next step for robots will be to develop_______.A. the ability to learn independentlyB. the ability to understand human commandsC. the capacity to interact with humansD. the willingness to work togetherDMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.13. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.14. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年大连市旅顺实验中学高三英语期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AContact CCA's Special Programs to learn more about our wide range of credit and noncredit opportunities for academic and personal development.Summer ProgramAn exceptional 4-week program for students currently completing their study of high school.Earn 3 college credits!Our setting is CCA's Oakland campus, where studio-focused, college-level courses help you push beyond concepts to portfolio(作品集)－ready pieces. On-campus Housing & Scholarships available!Summer CoursesCCA offers about 35 for-creditdegree courses each summer, scheduled on theSan FranciscoandOaklandcampuses.Undergraduate and graduate students can work with a visiting artist, develop skills and stay on track for graduation by earning credits...all while still allowing time to visit family, work, travel, etc.For information about summer housing, please contact the Office of Residential Life at 510594722 or housing@ ca. edu.Summer StartSummer Start is a six-week program designed specifically for international undergraduate and graduate students. This is a for-credit program; students receive six credits towards their degree. During the program, you must live on CCA'sSan Franciscocampus.Tuition includes six units of discounted graduate college credit, which will include books, field trip expenses and one-on-one tutoring. Housing fees include six weeks at CCA's San Francisco Panoramic Residence.Company-Customized ProgramsCCA's Office of Special Programs can design customized workshops to develop and strengthen employee skills within your company. Customized programs have included:An Ideation Sketching class, for the design team of a national clothing retailer, scheduled Friday afternoons onSan Franciscocampus.Software-specific workshops, for designers from a national paper products and gifts retailer, scheduled in a two-day workshop format during the week on ourOaklandcampus.1.Who would most potentially apply for Summer Program?A.Employees in companies.B.International undergraduate and graduate students.C.High school graduates.D.Undergraduate and graduate students.2.What can students do if they take Summer Courses?A.Go on a field trip.B.Visit famous artists.C.Make some friends.D.Earn some credits.3.What are students required to do if they take Summer Start?A.Live on one of the campuses.B.Pay school fees in advance.C.Read as many books as possible.plete the courses on time.BCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed,stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.4. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.5. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.6. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.7. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.CDengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes. In severe cases, dengue can even be deadly. Dengue is a serious disease affecting people in around 120 countries. It can cause high fevers, headaches, and severe pain. It’s caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes. Therefore, dengue is more common in warm areas. Every year, roughly 390 million people get dengue, and as many as 25,000 die from it.Now scientists seem to have found a way to protect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes. Dengue fever is caused by a virus. Though it may seem strange to think of it this way, the mosquitoes that spread the dengue virus are also infected with it. But the virus doesn’t seem to hurt the mosquitoes.Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly found in many insects. In some insects, Wolbachia can keep someviruses fromduplicatingthemselves, which is how viruses grow inside a body. Wolbachia isn’t naturally found in mosquitoes. But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia, scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catching the dengue virus. Even better, the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carry Wolbachia.Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program (WMP) ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas. In half of the areas, the scientists did nothing. In the other half, they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia. They did this every two weeks for just 4 to 6 months.Ten months later, 80% of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia. The researchers report the number of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by 77% and that the number of people needing hospital care for dengue dropped by 86%.Because the results of the experiment were so good, the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggs in all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. The WHO says that within a year, their efforts will protect 2.5 million people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.8. What kind of disease is dengue?A. It is likely to cause death.B. It causes no pain but fevers.C. It happens less often in hot areas.D. It hurts both people and mosquitoes.9. The underlined word “duplicating” in paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.A. worsening the harm ofB. expanding the size ofC. increasing forces ofD. making copies of10. What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?A. Its wide use.B. Its effectiveness.C. Its complexity.D.Its easy operation.11. What’s the WHO’s attitude towards the method?A. Ambiguous.B. Positive.C. Tolerant.D. Skeptical.DThis year researchers expect the world to snap 1.35 trillion photographs, or about 3.7 billion per day. All those pixels (像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or s phones, which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud. But unlike a hard on drive which can be encrypted to protect its data, cloud storage users have to trust that a tech platform will keep their private pictures safe. Now ateam of Columbia University computer scientists has developed a tool to encrypt (加密) images stored on many popular cloud services while allowing authorized users to browse and display their photographs as usual.Malicious (恶意的) attempts to access or leak cloud-based photographs can expose personal information. In November 2019, for example, a bug in the popular photograph storage app Google Photos mistakenly shared some users' private videos with strangers. Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users' images.So the Columbia researchers came up with a system called Easy Secure Photos (ESP), which they presented at a recent conference. “We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services,” says computer scientist Jason Nieh, one of the developers of ESP. “Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service.”To overcome this problem, they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph. First, ESP's algorithm (算法) divides a photograph into three separate files, each one containing the image's red, green or blue color1 data. Then the system hides the pixel blocks around among these three files (allowing a block from the red file, for instance, to hide out in the green or blue ones). But the program does nothing within the pixel blocks, where all the image processing happens. As a result, the files remain unchanged images but end up looking like grainy black-and-white ones to anyone who accesses them without the decryption (解密) key.12. What's probably the main purpose for people to store images in the cloud?A. To save storage room.B. To make photos beautiful.C. To try a new storage way.D. To keep their privacy safe.13. Why might employees in cloud storage companies be distrusted by experts?A. They sell users' passwords.B. They have invented new tools.C. They often let out personal information.D. They may steal a glance at users' images.14. What's the advantage of ESP?A. It can provide clear images.B. It can decrease the upload time.C. It can classify images automatically.D. It can encrypt data on the original platform.15. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. Method of decryption.B. Image-processing technique.C. Separate files of images.D. Data analysisof color1 s.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
