睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征
睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, SAHS)
• 睡眠状态下反复出现呼吸暂停和（或）低通 气under dormancy apnea and/or hypopnea recurrence
• 低氧血症、高碳酸血症、睡眠中断hypoxemia 、 hypercapnia and sleep interruption
发病机ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้和病理生理
• CSAS ①睡眠时呼吸中枢对各种不同刺激的反应性 减低；②中枢神经系统对低氧血症特别是 CO2浓度改变引起的呼吸反馈调控的不稳定 性；③呼气与吸气转换机制异常等
• OSAHS 舌咽部肌群松弛，咽部狭窄、舌根下坠，吸 气时在胸腔负压的作用下，造成上气道闭 塞upper airway occlusion，呼吸暂停apnea
（二）夜间临床表现
• 1. 打鼾snoring • 2. 呼吸暂停apnea • 3. 憋醒feel oppressed to awake • 4. 多动不安restlessness • 5. 多汗hyperhidrosis • 6.夜尿nocturia • 7. 睡眠行为异常sleep behavior disorder
OSAHS
• Anatomical abnormalities of upper airway: such as obstruction of nasal (by deviation of nasal septum, turbinate hypertrophy鼻甲肥大, rhinopolyps鼻息肉, adenoids and nasal tumors); tonsil hypertrophy (more severe than II°), palatoplegiaeo腭麻痹, cionoptosis悬雍垂过长, tumor of pharynx, retropharyngeal abscess, pharyngoplegia咽肌麻痹, hematoma of pharynx, pharyngopolyps, pachymucosa粘膜肥厚 of pharyngeal cavity, glossohypertrophia舌肥大, retroversion of root of tongue, mandibular retrognathia下颌后缩, temporomandibular joint颞骨 颌关节dysfunction, micrognathia小颌畸形
