自适应阵列处理
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二维相控阵的自适应-自适应旁瓣对消策略刘颜回;廖锟;程娟;杨晶;王育强【摘要】传统旁瓣对消方法采用单元天线作为辅助通道,系统对消输出的信噪比较低,且合成阵列存在较高的副瓣抬升隐患。
针对二维稀疏阵列的应用特点,提出一种新的自适应—自适应旁瓣对消策略。
该方法取代了传统方法中使用的单元天线以及数字加权方法,使用小型阵列作为辅助通道和射频加权,并借助辅助通道对干扰方向进行估计,根据估计得到的干扰方向信息对辅助子阵列内部的射频加权系数进行调整,使得辅助通道的波束最大可能地对准干扰方向。
最后利用恒增益对消技术,实现主阵列中的旁瓣对消。
仿真实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和优势。
%The traditional adaptive sidelobe cancellation method uses single antenna as assistant channel,so the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of system output is small,and it is possible to uplift the sidelobe in synthetic array.In view of application feature of two⁃di⁃mensional sparse array,a new method named adaptive⁃adaptive sidelobe cancellation is proposed in this paper.The new method replaces the single antenna with small synthetic arrays as assistant channel and replaces digital weighting method with RF weighting method,and it estimates the direction of the jamming with assistant channel.According to the information about the direction,the new method adjusts the RF weight of assistant channel, and makes the beam of assistant channel align the jamming directions. The sidelobe cancellation method with constant gain is used to perform the sidelobe cancellation.The simulation results prove the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.【期刊名称】《无线电工程》【年(卷),期】2016(046)003【总页数】5页(P1-4,21)【关键词】旁瓣对消;自适应-自适应方法;来波到达角;波束形成【作者】刘颜回;廖锟;程娟;杨晶;王育强【作者单位】厦门大学电子科学系,福建厦门361005;厦门大学电子科学系,福建厦门361005;厦门大学电子科学系,福建厦门361005;厦门大学电子科学系,福建厦门361005;电子信息控制重点实验室,四川成都 610036【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN973.3AbstractThe traditional adaptive sidelobe cancellation method uses single antenna as assistant channel,so the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of system output is s mall,and it is possible to uplift the sidelobe in synthetic array.In view of ap plication feature of two-dimensional sparse array,a new method named adaptive-adaptive sidelobe cancellation is proposed in this paper.The new method r eplaces the single antenna with small synthetic arrays as assistant channel and replaces digital weighting method with RF weighting method,and it es timates the direction of the jamming with assistant channel.According to t he information about the direction,the new method adjusts the RF weightof assistant channel,and makes the beam of assistant channel align the jam ming directions.The sidelobe cancellation method with constant gain is use d to perform the sidelobe cancellation.The simulation results prove the eff ectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.Key words sidelobe cancellation;adaptive-adaptive sidelobe cancellation method;direction of arrival (DOA);beam for ming随着电磁环境的日益恶化,雷达接收信号中夹杂的干扰成分也日趋复杂。
1 阵列信号模型通常情况下,考虑M 元等距线阵,阵元间距为d ,且假设阵元均为各向同性阵元。
如图2.1所示,每个阵元后面接一路接收机,各阵元接收的信号进入自适应阵列处理器进行加权相加,得到阵列输出。
远场处有一个期望信号和P 个窄带干扰以平面波入射(波长为λ),期望信号到达角度为0θ,P 个干扰的角度分别为()1,2,,k k p θ= ,图2.1中Rc 代表各阵元接收机,()()()12,,,M x t x t x t 分别为M 个接收通道的输出信号,12,,,M w w w 分别为对各阵元通道接收信号的加权值。
()t w 阵列输出波前(等相位图2.1 自适应阵列空间位置关系示意图阵列接收的快拍数据可以表示为()()()t t t =+X AS n(2-1)式中,()t X 为1M ⨯阵列接收数据向量,()()()()12,,,TM t x t x t x t =⎡⎤⎣⎦X 。
[]T表示对矩阵进行转置,()t n 为1M ⨯的噪声向量,()()()()01,,,TP t s t s t s t =⎡⎤⎣⎦S 为信号复包络向量,()k s t 为第k 个信源复包络,()()()01,,,P θθθ=⎡⎤⎣⎦A a a a 为信号指向矩阵,其中,()()(1)1,,,,0,1,i iTj j N i i e e i P ββθ-⎡⎤===⎣⎦a a 为第i 个信号源的导向矢量,即2sin i i d πβθλ=(2-2)定义阵列的协方差矩阵为()()2H H x s n E t t σ⎡⎤==+⎣⎦R X X AR A I (2-3)式中,()()H s E t t ⎡⎤=⎣⎦R S S 为信号的协方差矩阵,I 为M 维单位矩阵,2n σ为阵元的噪声功率,本文中约定,[]T表示转置,[]*表示共轭,[]H表示共轭转置。
式(2-3)常由接收数据采样协方差矩阵ˆx R 代替,即()()11ˆNH xiii t t N==∑R x x(2-4)如图2.1所示的自适应阵列模型,阵列的M 个通道接收信号经加权处理后,最后的输出信号为()()()1MH i i i y t w x t t *===∑w x(2-5)阵列的方向图()p θ定义为()()H p θθ=w a(2-6)调整自适应阵列的权矢量w ,可以改变阵列的方向图,即改变各个方向上入射信号增益。