PMA-800型微机厂用电快速切换装置技术说明书中国电力科学研究院二○○三年五月目录1、用途 (3)2、主要功能 (3)3、主要技术参数 (3)4、硬件说明 (5)5、切换原理 (7)6、切换功能 (9)7、闭锁及报警功能 (11)8、事件记录、事故记录、录波、打印、通信 (12)9、组屏与安装 (12)10、附图 (14)前言厂用电的安全可靠关系到发电机组、电厂乃至整个电力系统的安全运行。
厂用电切换过程是一个复杂的机电动态过程，特别在事故切换过程中电流、电压、频率、相角、转矩等将发生快速变化，如果切换不当，将造成切换失败或设备损坏。
以往厂用电切换采用工作开关辅助接点直接（或经低压继电器、延时继电器）起动备用电源投入。
因切换时系统结构、运行方式、故障性质等因素，不能可靠保证躲过反相点合闸，甚至接近180 ，将对电动机造成很大的合闸冲击。
如残压启动切换，则由于断电时间过长，母线电压和电动机的转速都下降很大，不仅部分辅机势必退出运行，而且备用电源合上后，由于电动机成组自起动电流很大，母线电压将可能难以恢复，从而导致自起动困难，甚至被迫停机停炉。
PMA-800型微机型厂用电快速切换装置是中国电力科学院专门为解决厂用电的安全运行而研制的。
采用该装置后，可避免母线电压（残压）与备用电源电压差压过大合闸而对电机造成冲击；尽量缩短断电时间，可采用快速切换，如失去快速切换的机会，则装置自动转换为同期判别或残压判别的慢速切换，同时在电压衰减的过程中，可分段切除部分非重要负荷，以利于重要辅机的自起动。
不仅提高了厂用电切换的成功率，而且确保发电厂设备安全。
近年来由于新建机组容量越来越大，国内对厂用电源的安全可靠运行越来越重视，随着真空及SF6快速开关的广泛使用，厂用电快速切换越来越被广泛应用。
本产品具有以下特点：⏹采用双CPU架构，主要完成模拟量及开关量测量、计算判断、出口动作等主要功能，以及完成液晶显示、键盘操作、通信、打印等功能，主从CPU进行数据交换。
Amprobe® Test Tools such as VolTect™ non-contact voltage (NVC) detection and our exclu-sive Magne-Grip™ holster that frees both hands for work. The 5XP-A is the right choice for residential, commercial and general trouble-shooting applications.27 ranges/10 functions ■CAT1000V600V300VAmprobe® Test Tools Data SheetFunctionRangeAccuracySpecificationsGeneral Specifications5XP-A Digital Multimeter Voltage DC Volts Ranges200 mV, 2 V, 20 V, 200 V, 1000 V± (1.0 % rdg + 1 dgt) AC Volts (45 Hz to 500 Hz) Ranges 200 mV, 2 V, 20 V, 200 V, 750 V ± (1.5 % rdg + 5 dgts)Resolution100 μV Input Impedance 10 M WOverload Protection 200 mV: 1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMS (3 minutes) All other ranges: 1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMSCurrentDC Current Ranges200 μA, 2 mA, 20 mA, 200 mA ± (1.5 % rdg + 1 dgt)AC Current (45 Hz to 500 Hz) Ranges 200 μA, 2 mA, 20 mA, 200 mA ± (2.0 % rdg + 5 dgts) Resolution0.1 μAInput Protection 315 mA/1000 V fast blow ceramic fuse 6.3 mm x 32 mm on mA input Burden Voltage 300 mV max. (1 V max. on 200 mA range)Resistance 200 W , 2 k W , 20 k W , 200 k W ± (1.0 % rdg + 4 dgts) 2 M W ± (1.5 % rdg + 4 dgts)20 M W ± (2.0 % rdg + 5 dgts) Resolution100 m WOpen Circuit Voltage 0.3 V DC typical, (3.0 V DC on 200 W range) Overload Protection 1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMS ContinuityAudible Indication 75 W ± 25 WResponse Time100 msOverload Protection1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMSDisplay 3-1/2 digit liquid crystal display (LCD) with a maximum reading of 1999Polarity Automatic, positive implied, negative polarity indication Overrange(OL) or (-OL) is displayedLow Battery Indication The “M ” is displayed when the battery voltage drops below the operating level Measurement Rate2.5 times per second, nominal Operating Environment 0 °C to 50 °C at <70 % R.H.Storage Temperature -20 °C to 60 °C, 0 to 80 % R.H. with battery removed from meter AccuracyStated accuracy at 23 °C ± 5 °C, <75 % relative humidityTemperature Coefficient 0.1 x (specified accuracy) per °C (0 °C to 18 °C, 28 °C to 50 °C)Altitude 2000 m (6561.7 ft)PowerSingle standard 9 volt battery, NEDA 1604, JIS 006P, IEC 6F22Battery Life200 hours typical with carbon-zincDimensions (H x W x D) 155 mm x 72 mm x 32 mm (6.1 in x 2.8 in x 1.3 in)Weight Approx. 210 g (7.4 oz) including battery WarrantyOne-yearData SheetFunctionRangeAccuracyDiode TestTest Current 1.0 mA (approximate) ±(1.5 % rdg + 3 dgts) Resolution 1 mV Open Circuit Voltage 3.0 V DC typical Overload Protection 1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMS 1000 V 600 V 300 V Battery Test 1.5 V, 9 V ± (3.5 % rdg + 2 dgts) Resolution 1 mV, 10 mV Loaded Current 150 mA typical for 1.5 V range, 5 mA typical for 9 V range Overload Protection 1000 V DC or 750 V AC RMS on 9 V range, on V W input 315 mA/1000 V fast blow ceramic fuse on 1.5 V range, on mA input Non-Contact Voltage IndicatorSense voltage 70 V to 600 V AC; beeper chirps and bright red LED comes on, works on all ranges5XP-A Digital Multimeter Specifications, cont.Amprobe® Test Tools Data Sheet©2007 Amprobe Test Tools. All rights reserved.9/2007 2124133 D-US-N Rev CAmprobe® Test Toolswebsite: email:****************Everett, WA 98203 Tel: 877-AMPROBEIn den Engematten 1479286 Glottertal, Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 7684 8009 - 0Included AccessoriesPair of test leads (TL245A), fuse 315 mA/1000 V P/N FP300, 9 V battery (installed), Magne-Grip™ Holster with magnetic hanging strap and users manual.Optional AccessoriesVC30A Carrying Case DL243D Test Lead KitTC253B Temperature ConverterTL36ATest Lead Set with alligator clips5XP-A Digital Multimeter。
Tel:+86 571 2882 8608 Toll Free: 400 6721 600(China Only)Fax:+86 571 2882 8618 Website: Technical Service: service@ MultiSciences Biotech Co,. Ltd To place an order: order@ 1 PMA/Ionomycin/BFA/Monensin mixture(250X)Product InformationContents: PMA/Ionomycin/BFA/Monensin mixture(250X)Catalog Number: CS1003Concentration: 250X (Use at 1X: dilute to 4 μL/mL final concentration)Handling Conditions: Wear suitable personal protective equipment and gloves. Formulation: Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate(PMA) (12.5ug/ml), Ionomycin (0.25mg/ml), BFA(0.75mg/ml), Monensin(0.35mg/ml) in EthanolTemperature Limitation: Store at -20°C. For long-term storage, product can also be stored at less than or equal to -70°C. Protect from light. Description The PMA/Ionomycin/BFA/Monensin mixture (250X) is a mixture of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), Ionomycin, BFA and Monensin. Treatment with PMA and Ionomycin is sufficient to induce activation of many cell types to produce cytokines. BFA and Monensin result in the accumulation of secreted proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Thus, the mixture (250X) can be used for induction and subsequent intracellular detection of cytokines and other secreted proteins in both in vitro-cultured and ex vivocells. For an unstimulated control, see the BFA/Monensin mixture(250X) (cat. CS1002).Applications Reported The PMA/Ionomycin/BFA/Monensinmixture (250X) has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested The PMA/Ionomycin/BFA/Monensinmixture (250X) has been tested by treatment of mouse splenocytes for 5 to 18 hours followed by intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis of IFN γ. This mixture is supplied as a 250X concentrate and can be directly added to culture medium at 1X (4 μL/mL). This product is formulated with asolvent that will not freeze at recommended storage temperatures. It is recommended that this product be kept tightly sealed and cold at all times to avoid excess evaporation.Related ProductsCS0001 PMA 0.1mg/ml in Ethanol 100ul CS0002 Ionomycin 1mg/ml in Ethanol 50ul CS0003 BFA 4mg/ml in Ethanol 60ul CS0004 Monensin 50mg/ml in Ethanol 100ul CS1001 PMA/Ionomycin mixture(250X) 100ul CS1002 BFA/Monensin Mixture(250X) 100ul For Research Use Only Rev: 09/2011。
肝纤维化是肝炎-肝硬化-肝癌三部曲的重要病理表型，研究表明抑制肝纤维化能有效减缓肝炎向肝癌的进程［1］。
但目前临床上针对肝纤维化没有行之有效的治疗方案［2］。
因而，深入探索纤维化机制为寻找延缓乃至逆转纤维化的治疗靶点和节约医疗资源具有十分重要意义。
肝巨噬细胞在肝纤维化中发挥至关重要的作用，其主要功能与炎症、肝细胞损伤、肝星状细胞的活化和纤维化密切相关［3］。
肝星状细胞在肝脏生理和纤维生成起到关键作用，其能够受到肝巨噬细胞的调控［4］。
近来Lipopolysaccharide stimulates macrophages to secrete exosomes containing miR-155-5p to promote activation and migration of hepatic stellate cellsLIN Jiayi 1,LOU Anni 1,LI Xu 1,21Department of Emergency Medicine,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;2Key Laboratory of First Aid and Trauma Research,Ministry of Education,Hainan Medical College,Haikou 571199,China摘要：目的探索脂多糖（LPS ）刺激下的巨噬细胞来源的外泌体对肝星状细胞的激活及迁移能力的影响及分子机制。
方法以100ng/mL 丙二醇甲醚醋酸（PMA ）处理人THP-1巨噬细胞24h ，诱导其分化为巨噬细胞，给予脂多糖刺激后收集巨噬细胞的培养上清，运用超速离心法提取外泌体并加以鉴定。
荧光定量PCR （qRT-PCR ）检测外泌体中miR-155-5p 的表达。
采用Transwell 共培养体系观察巨噬细胞分泌的外泌体对肝星状细胞LX2增殖、氧化应激、迁移和I 型胶原等纤维化标志物表达的影响。
