工商导论练习题 及答案
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工商导论练习题12班Chapter lForms of Business OrganizationMultiple Choice1.All of the following are considered disadvantages of sole proprietorships except:a)the owner has unlimited liability b)limited skillsc)simple to establish d)limited funds2.In (an) ______ partnership, all of the partners have unlimited liability,a)unlimited b)unrestricted c)general d)nominal3.A ________ is a business that has one own.era)sole proprietorship b)partnership c)corporation d)limited partnership 4.Which of the following is the advantage of a sole proprietorship?a)unlimited liability b)complete controlc)limited skills d)limited funds 5.The board of directors of a corporation is elected by itsa) workers b) labor union c) stockholders d) creditors6 Jim has an idea for a new business.He wants to get started as soon as possible with a minimum amount of expense.He also wants to be his own boss,and wants to keep all of the profits he expects to earn for himself. These goals suggest that Jim would favor setting up his firm as:a__.c) limited liability company d)general partnershipa) public corporation b)sole proprietorship c) limited liability company d)general partnership7.The responsibility of appointing the president and other key officers of a corporation belongs to the corporation's:a)employees b)labor union c)board of directors d)creditors8 Stockholders of a corporation pay personal income taxes on the ____ they receive when the corporation distributes some of its eanings.a)interestb)dividendsc)revenued)retained eamings9. A major advantage of franchise arrangements is that the:ya)are very inexpensive to set up b)a11ow thefranchisee to keep all of the profitc)give the franchisee total control over how the business is rund)offer the franchisee a proven management styleFill in Blanks :1 .The advantages of sole propnetorships are many fold .They are , easy to keepoperational and financial secrecy, ________ and exclusive use of profits. 2.Besides advantage,ssole proprietorships have some disadvantage,ssuch as __________ , limited access to capital, _________________ and unshared loss.3.People who take part in the management of thefirm and therefore take unlimited 1iability are regarded as ______________________ .4 .The major disadvantages of a partnership are unlimitedliability ________________and 5.A ______________ is treated like a private person under the law.It can receive,own and transfer property,enter into contracts.sue and be sued.A corporation is a ____________ .6.____________ are owners of the business,becausethey hold shares which represent the ownership of the company.7.Each corporation must pay a fee to get a license which isalso called . 8.People tend to set up a corporation becauseit is easy to _________ , has ______ liability, seperated ownership and management and so .on9 .Franchising is a licensing agreement by which a businessa llows tosell and use its product, serviceor method in retum for a royalty from the latter.10.Proven managementstyle and name recognition are advantagesof a special form of a business called ___ ._ True/False1.An advantage of a parttnership over a sole proprietorship is that more than one owner can contribute funds to the firm.2.A sole proprietorship is the form of business ownership best suited toraising large amounts of funds.3.When stockholders of a corporation sell their stocks for more than they paid for the stocks,the difference is the stockholders'dividend .4.Sharing profits and less contro1of the business ownership are two common disadvantages of franchising.5.When entrepreneurs establish a busines,s they must first decide on the form of business ownership.6.People become owners of a corporation by purchasing its stoc.k 7.Owners of a corporation can earn a return on their investment either by receiving dividends or by selling the stock.Chapter 2 MarketingMultiple Choices :1.——is one of the functions of marketing.AMarketing research BSole proprietorship CCompact replica DChronic shortage2. The following are considered to be the functions ofmarketing excep:tA .essence of marketingB .storageC .acquiring D. transportation3. The marketing mix contains the following except:A .channels ofdistribution B.promotion C.place D.utility4. The 4Ps stands fo:rA.Product,Price,Psychographic,PlaceB.Product—use variables,Price.Promotion.PlaceC.Product , Price,Promotion,PlaceD.Product,Problem of Continuity ,Promotion,Place5. When identifying market segments,marketers 1ook at some variable,s the most common being:A. geographic Variables ,demographic Variables ,psychographic Variables.pricing VariablesB .geographic Variables ,demographic Variables .psychographic Variables.Product-use Variables.C. risk taking Variables .geographic Variables ,product —use variables.grading VariablesD .distributing Variables ,placing Variables .demographic Variables.psychographic Variables6. The process of accumulating and analyzing market data in order to make better decisions is called:A .market segmentation B.target marketing C.marketing mix strategiesD.marketing—research7. A group of individuals with similar traits will may purchase particular products is a:A .common market segments B. product market C. targetmarket D.consumer market mixFill in Blanks :1. _____________ represents a group of people who have similar needs and wants and are believed to have interest in the same produ.cts2. ___________ means collecting and analyzing data to identifya market and to answer questions of the number and the location of potential customers and soon3.Dividing a market into segments according to customer's needs,wants and interest is called _________ .4 .Markets may be segmented based on _______________________ , ________________ ,____________ ,_ and _________ variable.s 5. The marketers must develop a comprehensive plan covering the following major areas such as _________ , price, ______ and channels of distribution,four of which are usually called the marketing mix.6. Marketing functions can be grouped into _____ functions (buying and selling), _____________ functions (transportation and storage) ,and。
2018年4月高等教育自学考试福建省统一命题考试工商导论试卷(课程代码07971)本试卷满分100分,考试时间l50分钟。
考生答题注意事项:1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效,试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号,使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间,超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题l分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是最符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
未涂、错涂或多涂均无分。
1.树立企业形象是企业商务活动中的A.策划活动 B.基本活动 C.促销活动 D.公共关系活动2.商务的本质特性之一是A.公益性 B.单一性 C.无序性 D.逐利性3.商务管理内容中,企业与下列哪个选项的关系协调与处理的管理是非交易性的管理?A.客户 B.供应商 C.社会公共组织 D.中介经济组织4.企业在长期现实的竞争中,为保证持久的盈利所选择的由特定相关要素形成的某种能够稳定而又能重复使用的结构称为A.商务管理模式 B.企业发展战略 C.营销战略 D.生产模式5.企业最高层次的素质是A.人员素质 B.管理素质 C.技术素质 D.资源禀赋素质6.社会经济结构是宏观商务活动环境中的哪一类环境要素?A.政治 B.法律 C.经济 D.技术7.下列哪项不属于物力资源分析的内容?A.企业生产设备 B.企业资金供应C.企业能源供应 D.原材料及零部件供应8.被马克思称为“惊险的跳跃”,指的是一般商品的风险性主要存在于价值的A.创造过程 B.实现过程 C.转移过程 D.让渡过程9.要由中心代理方与供应商进行洽谈来完成采购方采购计划的采购方法是A.直接采购 B.及时采购 C.招标采购 D.集中采购10.货物变质及失窃属于A.固定成本 B.不变成本C.占用成本 D.订单处理成本11.公司战略发展所必需的少数几家供应商属于A.战略型供应商 B.零散型供应商C.大额交易型供应商 D.小额交易型供应商12.下列促销手段中,属于样品试用的是A.交易推广 B.产业推广 C.公共关系 D.消费推广13.对于客户购买次数少但购买批量大的产品一般采用A.代销 B.自销 C.促销 D.传销14.货物订单确认设计属于电子商务运作过程中的A.交易阶段 B.售后服务阶段C.交易平台设立阶段 D.物流配送阶段支付货款阶段15.产成品的库存管理属于企业物流中的A.生产物流 B.销售物流 C.回收物流 D.废弃物流16.市场业绩属于品牌价值评估方法基本要素中的A.财务要素 B.消费者要素 C.市场要素 D.管理要素17.商务谈判中要达到的最低目标是A.必须达成的目标 B.希望达成的目标C.乐于达成的目标 D.意外达成的目标18.一方当事人违约时,按法律规定或双方约定向对方支付的金额称为A.定金 B.奖金 C.留置 D.违约金19.商务冲突管理策略中,将对方的需要和利益放在高于本企业自己的位置之上,即以“他赢,我输”来维持和谐关系的策略是A.回避策略 B.强制策略 C.迁就策略 D.合作策略20.商业风险管理的第一步,也是最重要的一步是A.风险评估 B.风险识别 C.风险分析 D.风险防范二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共l0分)在每小题烈出敏五仑备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
工商试题及答案题目一:公司法中的股东权利包括哪些?答案:根据《公司法》,股东的权利主要包括:1) 参与股东大会并行使表决权;2) 获得公司利润分配;3) 了解公司经营状况和财务状况;4) 选举和被选举为公司董事或监事;5) 对公司重大事项提出建议或质询;6) 在公司解散时,依法分配剩余财产;7) 法律、行政法规规定的其他权利。
题目二:简述企业所得税的计算方法。
答案:企业所得税的计算方法主要包括以下几个步骤:1) 确定应纳税所得额,即企业的收入总额减去不征税收入、免税收入、各项扣除以及以前年度亏损后的余额;2) 应用适用的税率,一般企业所得税率为25%;3) 计算应纳税额,即应纳税所得额乘以适用税率;4) 考虑税收优惠和税收抵免,对符合条件的企业进行税收减免;5) 最终确定应缴纳的企业所得税额。
题目三:什么是商业秘密?企业如何保护商业秘密?答案:商业秘密是指不为公众所知悉、能为权利人带来经济利益、具有实用性并经权利人采取保密措施的技术信息和经营信息。
企业保护商业秘密的方法包括:1) 与员工签订保密协议;2) 对商业秘密进行分类和标记;3) 限制对商业秘密的访问和使用;4) 定期对员工进行保密意识培训;5) 采取技术措施,如加密和访问控制,保护电子形式的商业秘密。
题目四:简述合同的解除条件。
答案:合同的解除条件通常包括:1) 当事人协商一致解除合同;2)合同一方严重违约,另一方有权解除合同;3) 合同目的无法实现,当事人可以解除合同;4) 法律规定的其他解除条件,如不可抗力导致合同无法履行;5) 合同中约定的解除条件成就时,当事人可以解除合同。
题目五:什么是知识产权?知识产权包括哪些类型?答案:知识产权是指法律赋予创作者对其创作的智力成果在一定期限内的专有权利。
知识产权主要包括:1) 著作权,保护文学、艺术和科学作品;2) 专利权,保护发明创造;3) 商标权,保护商品和服务的标识;4) 商业秘密,保护未公开的技术信息和经营信息;5) 地理标志,保护特定地区特有的商品;6) 集成电路布图设计权,保护集成电路的布局设计。
2011年1月高等教育自学考试福建省统一命题考试工商导论试卷(课程代码 07971)一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题l分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的。
请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均不得分。
1.商务活动向正规化、法制化方向过渡在企业商务管理发展中属于【】A.第二阶段 B.第二阶段 C.第三阶段 D.第四阶段2.在公司基本产品和服务不变情况下,细化基本产品的特殊功能,以适应细化了的目标顾客的商务管理模式属于【】A.“克隆”现有模式 B.在新的业务领域内复制旧有的模式C.利用核心优势发展新模式 D.深化改进现有模式3.在商务管理模式的各层次中,导致盈利空间和机会实现的是【】A.浅层次的要素数量的变化 B.浅层次的要素间联系方式的变化C.深层次的机制的变化 D.深层次的正确的公司决策4.企业作为独立的商品生产经营者存在的前提是【】A.独立核算 B.自负盈亏 C.自主经营 D.盈利性5.从大企业扩展方向上看,收购或者兼并与业务有关的供应商或经销商属于【】A.横向扩展 B.纵向扩展 C.多元化扩展 D.外向型扩展6.如果某企业年采购零件10000件,每件采购成本为500元,损坏、呆账、保管等储存费用等于采购成本的10%,单位订货成本为2500元,则EOQ为【】A.800件 B.1000件 C.2000件 D.2150件7.在各种销售手段中广告策略的主要因素一个是广告创意,另一个是【】A.确定广告目标 B.编制广告预算 C.选择广告媒体 D.广告评估8.作为企业CRM战略的目标,建立客户忠诚属于【】A.重要目标 B.一般目标 C.根本目标 D.长远目标9.物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程被称为【】A.运输 B.配送 C.搬运 D.物流10.以盈利为目的,面向社会提供仓储服务的仓库属于【】A.租赁仓库 B.营业仓库 C.公共仓库 D.自用仓库11.为提高作业效率,相同品种的物品应放在同一地方存储、保管,这种方式在仓储原则中属于【】A.回转对应原则 B.类似性原则 C.网络化保管原则 D.同一性原则12.企业的商誉在无形资产类别中属于【】A.综合类无形资产 B.关系类无形资产C.契约类无形资产 D.知识产权类无形资产13.同一商标所有人在同一种或者同类商品上注册的若干个近似的商标属于【】A.防御商标 B.联合商标 C.生产商标 D.销售商标14.下列各选项中,属于谈判地点设在我方企业所在地的缺点的是【】A.接待工作繁杂 B.临时需要查找材料不方便C.各项费用支出高 D.请示领导不方便15.使商务交易有效的两个基本环节是【】A.询价和结构 B.发价和还价 C.发价和接收 D.还价和接收16.下列各选项中,不属于要约的特征的是【】A.必须是特定人的意思表示 B.必须是以缔结合同为目的的意思表示C.必须是对相对人发出的行为 D.必须具备合同的全部条款17.当事人对已经发生法律效力,但尚未履行或尚未完全履行的合同提前终止所达成的协议属于【】A.合同无效 B.合同解除 C.合同终止 D.合同变更18.下列各选项中,与商务冲突第二阶段相对应的冲突表现是【】A.潜在对立 B.冲突已向 C.冲突行为 D.冲突结果19.下列各项中,不属于商业机会价值的影响因素的是【】A.市场需求规模 B.利润率 C.市场心理预期 D.发展潜力20.企业盈利变动、订单减少所引起的盈利下降属于【】A.销售风险 B.经济风险 C.财务风险 D.经营风险二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的。
2011年11月商务英语专业工商导论模拟练习Part One(20%)I .Multiple Choice(1%X20 =20%)Direcnions:In this part, there are items 1-20. For each item, there are fourchoices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one end write your answers on the Answer Sheet.I .A(n)_is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit.A. sole proprietorshipB. partnershipC. corporationD. franchising2. Colombia, Brazil and China’s Yunnan Province have a(n)_in growing cof-fee beams, because in terms of climate those areas are more favourable for growing coffee beans than other parts of the world.A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC: definite advantage D. indefinite advantage3. Based on the findings of the job analysis,a(n)_lists the objectives,respon-sibilities,main tasks of the job,the conditions under which the job is to be done,and its relationship to other jobs.A. job descriptionB. job specificationC. job forecastingD. job scouting4. Which of the following does NOT belong to Non-Tariff Barriers?A. quotasB. state monopolyC. revenueD. import license system5._is the cheapest mode of transportation, particularly suitable for low-cost bulk cargoes such as coal, ore,grain, timber and construction materials.A. RailB. WaterC. TruckD. Pipeline6.A_is a business that has one owner.A. partnershipB. CorporationC. franchisingD. sole proprietorship7. Which of the following ere goods that consumers would make an extra effort to purchase?A.Shopping products B. specialty productsC. convenience productsD. product mix commodities8. Shipwaith Paper Products produces a variety of goods which are sold to whole sal ers. The wholesalers then distribute the products m a wide variety of office supply stares and discount stores that sell to the final customers. The distribution channelused for Ship waith’s products is an example of a_.A. network and node distribution systemB. one-level channel distribution systemC. two-level channel distribution systemD. direct-level channel distribution system9. The risk of relying on a single key employee can be reduced by_A. purchasing key person insuranceB. narrowing the job descriptionC. task specializationD. automating tasks10. According to its attributes,property can be classified into three types. They are the following EXCEPT for_.A. tangible real propertyB. tangible personal propertyC. intangible personal propertyD. inventory11. A(n)_is a tax a government imposes on imported goods.A. tariffB. quotaC. excise taxD. exchange rate12. Which of the following is NOT one of the managerial skills?A. technical skillsB. mission skillsC. conceptual skillsD. human skills13. When the employees are haired,it is important to train and develop them until they are qualified for the jobs. The methods can include the following EXCEPT _.A. orientationB. on-the-job methodC. off-the-job methodD. performance appraisal14. According to the Herzberg study, managers can motivate employees to be more productive by _A. increasing their responsibilitiesB. increasing their salariesC. providing a safe work environmentD. creating job security15. The programs that determine the specific tasks a computer will perform at any given time are called _A. hardwareB. softwareC. virtual realityD. megahertz16. One of the following terms is NOT included in the types of economic system. It is_.A. capitalismB. socialismC. mixed economyD. equalitarianism17. A major advantage of railroads as a mode of transporting goods is that they_.A. can reach almost my location quicklyB.. are very inexpensive when transporting goods short distanceC. are often the least expensive way of transporting heavy items long distancesD are the only way to transport gas anJoil safely over long distances18. The composition of debt versus equity financing is known as_.A. retained earningsB. revenueC. working capitalD. capital structure19. The following are regarded as intellectual properties protected by laws EXCEPT for _.A. trademarkB. copyrightC. patentD. stock20. The management function that coordinates a firm’s employees and other resources in order to achieveth e organization’s goals is_A. planningB. organizingC. leadingD. controllingPart Two(60%)Ⅱ.Gap-Filling(1%x10=10%)Directions:Complete statements 21-25.,filling in each gap with a proper word or phrase:21._insurance covers losses resulting from damage to other people or oth-er people’s property._insurance protect businesses from riskinvolving the damage and loss to their own property.22. Liabilities are what a firm owes to others. Liabilities are those that can be cleared within one year while_liabilities are those that cannot be paid off within one year.23. Fed can use such instruments as_,discount rates and_tocontrol the money supply.24._pricing strategy is also called_pricing, which makes prices appear more acceptable or contain positive indication to customers.25. Besides advantages, sole proprietorships have some disadvantages, such as_,limited access to capital, _and unshared loss.Ⅲ. T/F Questions (1%x10=10%)Directions:Read statements 26-35. Decide whether they are tune or false by writing "T" for true and "F" for false.26. Brokers work as manufacturers’ sales representatives on a relatively permanent basis, while agents work as go betweens for sellers and buyers on a deal-by-deal basis.27. For money of a country to function at all,it must be made legal tender for that country by its government and be acceptable to the public.28. Countries with advantages in producing one type of goods will trade for goods they have disadvantages in producing.29. Liability losses are those losses to property due to fire, theft, or weather conditions.30. The market for dealings with stocks and bonds is collectively called the securities market.31.Large firms may obtain funds by issuing dividends, which are long-term debt securities(IOUs) purchased by investors.32. Lost or stolen traveler’s checks can usually be replaced if you promptly inform the issuing company of the serial numbers of the lost checks.33. While middlemen add cost, they add value as well.34. Milk, newspapers,soda, and chewing gum are examples of shopping products.35. Owners of a corporation can earn a return on their investment either by receiving dividends or by selling the stock.Ⅳ. Fundamentals of business(1%x25=25%)sole proprietorship 商个体,个体户partnership 商合伙,合伙公司shareholder 股东financing 筹集的资金,融资marketing 营销channels of distribution 分销渠道,销售渠道market segmentation 市场细分product life cycle 产品生命周期pricing 定价wholesaler 批发商promotion mix 促销组合product advertising 产品广告checking account 支票帐户credit card 信用卡debit card 借记卡Fed 美联储copyright 版权motivate 激励,激发owner's equity 所有者权益gross profit margin 毛利润率net profit margin 净利润率current assets 流动资产fixed assets 固定资产premium 保险费creditor 债权人V. Clone ( 1%x25 =25%)Directions: Read the following passage and fill in blanks(41-65)with appropriate words from the list at the end of the passage.Note that there are more words in the list than the blanks in the passage,Investment in one country (41)_individuals organizations (42)_Another is an important aspect of international business. Investment may be. for(43)_in the form of securities or direct capital in the form of productive facilities. Colonialism and(44)_have often been described in terms of powerful nations exploiting the(45)_and natural resources of weaker,less-developed Countries. While some exploitation (46)_till remain,most developing as well as(47)_nations now substantially control the types,(48)_and owner-ship terms of investments(49)_by foreigners. Much of the (50) _private investment is now made by multinational(51)_(MNCs).Technical distinctions in(52)_such global corporations are sometimes made to reflect(53)_multinational investments(54)_operations are made exclusively by an executive(55)_from one nation or by(56) _of different national investment leaders. Clearly; these multinational organizations (57) ____ major role in world trade and investments (58)__of their demonstrated management skills,(59)_,financial resources,and related advantages.(MNCs), nevertheless,must (60)_frequently governmental and other(61)_who contend that such far-flung companies are able to (62)____ or avoid national regulation by virtue of their ability to(63)_new(and at times old) investments from one country to another. Some governments have adopted exacting(64)_which Macs must follow in their countries the most common of which requires a majority or significant (65)_of domestic as opposed to foreign ownership.VI. Traaslation (5% x2=10%)Directions Translate sentences into English.66.张伟达和陈浩建立了自己的合伙企业,启动资本为7万元69宏雅可使用长期贷款和短期贷款相结合的资金组合形式。
工商管理一、名词解释1、企业的效率边界:若随着企业规模的扩大,在企业内部组织一笔交易的成本等于公开市场上完成这笔交易所需成本或等于由另一企业来组织这笔交易的成本,企业的扩张就达到了他的实际停止点。
这一点就是市场机制和企业组织的分界点,也称为企业的效率边界。
2、创业机会:是指当前服务于市场的企业留下的市场缺口,它意味着消费者能得到更好的产品和服务的可能性。
3、企业管理:就是由企业经理人员或经理机构对企业的经济活动过程进行计划、组织、领导、控制和创新,以提高经济效益,实现盈利这一目的的活动的总称。
4、企业文化:在一定的客观环境影响下,企业在长时间的生产经营活动实践中,由领导者倡导、为员工所认同的企业的经营宗旨、价值观念、行为准则及与之相对应的行为方式、物质表现的总称。
5、企业微观环境是指对企业外部所处的直接经济环境的分析。
是对某一特定企业构成影响的那些环境因素。
它能够直接地给企业提供更为有用的情报信息。
6、企业战略:在竞争环境中,企业为求得长期生存和发展的目标,而选择企业达到这个目标的途径,并依据它对企业重要资源进行优化组合,以对目前与将来的经营活动进行总体的谋划并制定相应的对策。
7、资本运营是以生产要素资本化、证券化为基础,以资本流动为前提,以产权(股权)为工具,通过科学的扩张性资本运作及收缩性资本运作,相机调整资本及资产配置,使资本在运动中和分散风险中不断增值,从而实现公司价值最大化的—系列运作活动。
8、生产运作管理是指为实现企业的经营目标,有效地利用生产资源,对生产过程进行组织、计划和控制,生产出满足社会需要、市场需求的产品或提供服务的管理活动的总称。
9、人力资源就是社会全部人口中具有一定智力劳动与体力劳动能力,并能以合法劳动创造财富,推动社会向前发展的那部分人口的总称,又称之为劳动力资源。
从狭义上说,也就是从企业的角度来说,所谓人力资源就是指能够为企业直接或者间接创造价值的人才,这主要指企业已经从社会获得的各种人才,也包括对企业有吸引力的各种潜在人才。
福建师范大学外国语学院商务英语本科段《工商导论》期考试题(B)班级:_____ 学号:________ 姓名: _________ 成绩:_______一、单项选择题(本人题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.领导者具备的感知和发现环境屮商务机会和商务风险的能力,理解事物与事物之间关联并找出关键影响因素的能力,以及权衡不同商务策略的优劣及驾驭的能力,指的是()。
A.技术性技能B.人际关系技能C.概念性技能D.策略性技能2.在公司基本产品和服务不变情况下,细化基本产品的特殊功能,以适应细化了的口标顾客,满足他们的个性化需求,借以抵御价格战带来的压力。
这是商务管理模式类别屮的()A.深化改进现有模式B. “克隆”现有模式C.在新的业务领域内复制旧有的模式D.利用核心优势发展新模式3・作为国家纽织经济的形式,规定了国家与企业、企业与企业、企业与各经济部门的关系,并通过一定的管理手段和方法,调控或影响社会经济流动的范围、内容和方式的商务活动经济环境要素是()A.社会经济结构B.社会发展水平C.经济体制D.经济政策4.企业社会化生产目标中首要的日标是()A.社会贡献目标B.市场日标C.发展目标D.利益目标5.其策略要点在于收购或兼并与业务有关的原料供应企业,或自己产品的分销企业。
目的在于确保原料充足和价格合理,有利于审场拓销,可以稳定企业业务,有利于进行计划与协调工作。
这是大型企业扩展的方向中的()A.横向扩展B.纵向扩展C.多元化扩展D.服务型6.指某产业或行业内众多有相近产品厂家集屮一起通过某种形武,如展销会、交易会、新产品发布会等向市场推介产品的活动。
这是促销活动屮的()A.消费推广B.交易推广C.产业推广D.营业推广7.儿家企业拥有不同的关键资源,为了彼此的利益进行战略联盟,相互交换资源,形成互补以创造竞争优势。
初级经济师《工商管理》历年真题:第一章含答案第一章工商企业及其管理概论考点1:企业的概念【2011、2012、2015年·单项选择题】作为独立的法人实体和市场实体,企业存在的直接目的是()。
A.参与市场竞争B.扩大市场范围C.承担社会责任D.合法获得盈利『正确答案』D『答案解析』本题考查企业的概念。
企业是以盈利为目的,依法从事生产、流通和服务等满足社会需要的经济活动,实行自主经营、自负盈亏、自我发展、自我约束的法人实体和市场竞争主体。
【2010、2012、2015、2016年·单项选择题】企业能够独立从事生产经营活动,为社会提供商品和服务的基本物质条件是()。
A.成为独立经济实体B.实现自负盈亏C.具备独立的民事主体资格D.拥有一定的资源『正确答案』D『答案解析』本题考查企业的概念。
企业必须拥有一定的资源。
这些资源是企业能够独立从事生产经营活动,为社会提供商品和服务的基本物质条件。
【2010年·多项选择题】关于企业性质的说法,正确的有()。
A.企业是独立的经济实体B.企业并不都是独立的民事主体C.企业是自主经营、自负盈亏的经济组织D.企业应承担相应的社会责任E.企业是不同行政级别的经济单位『正确答案』ACD『答案解析』本题考查企业的概念。
企业的含义包括:(1)企业必须拥有一定的资源。
(2)企业是独立的经济实体。
(3)企业是能够自主经营、自负盈亏的完整的经济组织。
(4)企业必须承担相应的社会责任。
(5)企业是一个独立的民事主体,依法享有民事权利并承担相应民事义务,能以自己的名义进行民事活动。
考点2:企业的形成【2006、2009、2011、2013年·单项选择题】新制度学派认为,企业产生的根本原因是()。
A.企业为商品交换提供了高效率的交易方式B.企业是社会阶段矛盾调和的必然结果C.企业能为其所有者带来更多剩余价值D.企业能作为较低交易费用的资源配置方式『正确答案』D『答案解析』本题考查新制度学派的观点。
浙江省 2018 年 7 月高等教育自学考试工商行政管理学概论试题课程代码: 00108一、单项选择题(本大题共20 小题,每题 1 分,共 20 分 )在每题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是切合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多项选择或未选均无分。
1.工商行政管理的领域包含整个市场系统,但主假如()A. 生产因素市场B. 金融市场C.劳动市场D. 商品和服务市场2.在以下各组商品中,属于互补品的是()A. 天然气和煤炭B. 植物油和动物油C.网球和网球拍D. 大米和面粉3.影响商品或服务供应改动的最重要的因素是()A. 生产成本B. 价钱C.预期D. 税收4.拥有好多的生产者和花费者,产品拥有差异性,进入或退出市场比较简单,这样的市场是()A. 完整竞争市场B. 完整垄断市场C.垄断竞争市场D. 寡头垄断市场5.工商行政管理法律法例的实行是由以下几个互相联系的环节构成的,此中重点环节是()A. 守纪B. 执法C.司法D. 监察6.监察检查机关的工作人员在检查不正当竞争行为时,其检查证件()A. 应该出示 B. 不用出示C.能够出示D. 能够不出示7.工商行政管理机关业务活动的实质是一种()A. 国家监察B. 法律监察1C.社会监察D. 经济监察8.以下各项中不拥有法人资格的是()...A. 有限责任公司B. 股份有限公司C.股份合作公司D. 合伙公司9.营业登记审察的主要内容是申请人()A. 能否拥有法人资格B. 从事经营活动的条件C.能否拥有独立财富D. 能否拥有完美的组织机构10.现代市场竞争归根结底是()A. 产品竞争B. 科技竞争C.人材竞争D. 服务竞争11.以下合同中,不合用留置作为担保方式的合同是()...A. 买卖合同B. 运输合同C.保存合同D. 承揽合同12.向社会公布的不拥有盈利目的的广告属于()...A. 社会广告B. 文化广告C.公益广告D. 政治广告13.依据规定,以下商业广告在公布前其内容能够不经..相关行政主管部门审察的是()A. 感冒清 B.X 光机C.甲胺磷D. 电话机14.商标全部人在非近似商品大将其商标分别注册,这种商标称为()A. 防守商标B. 证明商标C.集体商标D. 商品商标15.我国《商标法》规定,对公司商标能否申请注册采纳的原则是()A. 强迫注册B. 自发注册C.自发为主,强迫为辅D. 强迫为主,自发为辅16.初次提出了有名的花费者“四项权益”的美国前总统是()A. 艾森豪威尔B. 肯尼迪C.尼克松D. 卡特17.相关商品服务质量保障最具代表性的法律规范是()2A. 《花费者权益保障法》B. 《反不正当竞争法》C.《产质量量法》D. 《食品卫生法》18.世界上最早进行反垄断立法,进行市场监察管理的国家是()A. 美国B. 德国C.英国D. 日本19.在要约奏效后,要约人使要约丧失法律效劳的意思表示称为()A. 要约的更改B. 要约的无效C.要约的撤回D. 要约的撤除20.经营者的不正当竞争行为伤害了其余经营者的合法权益,其应肩负的民事责任中最基本的方式是()A. 停止伤害B. 除去影响C.补偿损失D. 清除阻碍二、多项选择题 (本大题共 5 小题,每题 2 分,共 10 分)在每题列出的五个备选项中起码有两个是切合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2011年11月商务英语专业工商导论模拟练习本试卷分两部分.满分l00分,考试时间150分钟。
1第一部分为选择题,应考者必须在答题卡上按要求填涂,不能答在试卷上。
2第二部分为非选择题,应考者必须在答题卡上直接答题,答在试卷上无效。
3请按照试题题号顺序在答题区域内作答。
Part One(20%)I .Multiple Choice(1%X20 =20%)Direcnions:In this part, there are items 1-20. For each item, there are fourchoices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one end write your answers on the Answer Sheet.I .A(n)_is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit.A. sole proprietorshipB. partnershipC. corporationD. franchising2. Colombia, Brazil and China’s Yunnan Province have a(n)_in growing cof-fee beams, because in terms of climate those areas are more favourable for growing coffee beans than other parts of the world.A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC: definite advantage D. indefinite advantage3. Based on the findings of the job analysis,a(n)_lists theobjectives,respon-sibilities,main tasks of the job,the conditions under which the job is to be done,and its relationship to other jobs.A. job descriptionB. job specificationC. job forecastingD. job scouting4. Which of the following does NOT belong to Non-Tariff Barriers?A. quotasB. state monopolyC. revenueD. import license system5._is the cheapest mode of transportation, particularly suitable for low-cost bulk cargoes such as coal, ore,grain, timber and construction materials.A. RailB. WaterC. TruckD. Pipeline6.A_is a business that has one owner.A. partnershipB. CorporationC. franchisingD. sole proprietorship7. Which of the following ere goods that consumers would make an extra effort to purchase?A.Shopping products B. specialty productsC. convenience productsD. product mix commodities8. Shipwaith Paper Products produces a variety of goods which are sold to whole sal ers. The wholesalers then distribute the products m a wide variety of office supply stares and discount stores that sell to the final customers. The distribution channelused for Ship waith’s products is an example of a_.A. network and node distribution systemB. one-level channel distribution systemC. two-level channel distribution systemD. direct-level channel distribution system9. The risk of relying on a single key employee can be reduced by_A. purchasing key person insuranceB. narrowing the job descriptionC. task specializationD. automating tasks10. According to its attributes,property can be classified into three types. They are the following EXCEPT for_.A. tangible real propertyB. tangible personal propertyC. intangible personal propertyD. inventory11. A(n)_is a tax a government imposes on imported goods.A. tariffB. quotaC. excise taxD. exchange rate12. Which of the following is NOT one of the managerial skills?A. technical skillsB. mission skillsC. conceptual skillsD. human skills13. When the employees are haired,it is important to train and develop them until they are qualified for the jobs. The methods can include the following EXCEPT _.A. orientationB. on-the-job methodC. off-the-job methodD. performance appraisal14. According to the Herzberg study, managers can motivate employees to be more productive by _A. increasing their responsibilitiesB. increasing their salariesC. providing a safe work environmentD. creating job security15. The programs that determine the specific tasks a computer will perform at any given time are called _A. hardwareB. softwareC. virtual realityD. megahertz16. One of the following terms is NOT included in the types of economic system. It is _.A. capitalismB. socialismC. mixed economyD. equalitarianism17. A major advantage of railroads as a mode of transporting goods is that they_.A. can reach almost my location quicklyB.. are very inexpensive when transporting goods short distanceC. are often the least expensive way of transporting heavy items long distancesD are the only way to transport gas anJoil safely over long distances18. The composition of debt versus equity financing is known as_.A. retained earningsB. revenueC. working capitalD. capital structure19. The following are regarded as intellectual properties protected by laws EXCEPT for _.A. trademarkB. copyrightC. patentD. stock20. The management function that coordinates a firm’s employees and other resources in order to achieve the organization’s goals is_A. planningB. organizingC. leadingD. controllingPart Two(60%)Ⅱ.Gap-Filling(1%x10=10%)Directions:Complete statements 21-25.,filling in each gap with a proper word or phrase:21._insurance covers losses resulting from damage to other people or oth-er people’s property._insurance protect businesses from riskinvolving the damage and loss to their own property.22. Liabilities are what a firm owes to others. Liabilities are those that can be cleared within one year while_liabilities are those that cannot be paid off within one year.23. Fed can use such instruments as_,discount rates and_tocontrol the money supply.24._pricing strategy is also called_pricing, which makes prices appear more acceptable or contain positive indication to customers.25. Besides advantages, sole proprietorships have some disadvantages, such as_,limited access to capital, _and unshared loss.Ⅲ. T/F Questions (1%x10=10%)Directions:Read statements 26-35. Decide whether they are tune or false by writing "T" for true and "F" for false.26. Brokers work as manufacturers’ sales representatives on a relatively permanent basis, while agents work as go betweens for sellers and buyers on a deal-by-deal basis.27. For money of a country to function at all,it must be made legal tender forthat country by its government and be acceptable to the public.28. Countries with advantages in producing one type of goods will trade for goods they have disadvantages in producing.29. Liability losses are those losses to property due to fire, theft, or weather conditions.30. The market for dealings with stocks and bonds is collectively called the securities market.31.Large firms may obtain funds by issuing dividends, which are long-term debt securities(IOUs) purchased by investors.32. Lost or stolen traveler’s checks can usually be replaced if you promptly inform the issuing company of the serial numbers of the lost checks.33. While middlemen add cost, they add value as well.34. Milk, newspapers,soda, and chewing gum are examples of shopping products.35. Owners of a corporation can earn a return on their investment either by receiving dividends or by selling the stock.Ⅳ. Fundamentals of business(1%x25=25%)sole proprietorship 商个体,个体户partnership 商合伙,合伙公司shareholder 股东financing 筹集的资金,融资marketing 营销channels of distribution 分销渠道,销售渠道market segmentation 市场细分product life cycle 产品生命周期pricing 定价wholesaler 批发商promotion mix 促销组合product advertising 产品广告checking account 支票帐户credit card 信用卡debit card 借记卡Fed 美联储copyright 版权motivate 激励,激发owner's equity 所有者权益gross profit margin 毛利润率net profit margin 净利润率current assets 流动资产fixed assets 固定资产premium 保险费creditor 债权人V. Clone ( 1%x25 =25%)Directions: Read the following passage and fill in blanks(41-65)with appropriate words from the list at the end of the passage.Note that there are more words in the list than the blanks in the passage,Investment in one country (41)_individuals organizations (42)_Another is an important aspect of international business. Investment may be. for(43)_in the form of securities or direct capital in the form of productive facilities. Colonialism and(44)_have often been described in terms of powerful nations exploiting the(45)_and natural resources of weaker,less-developed Countries. While some exploitation (46)_till remain,most developing as well as(47)_nations now substantially control the types,(48)_and owner-ship terms of investments(49)_by foreigners. Much of the (50) _private investment is now made by multinational(51)_(MNCs).Technical distinctions in(52)_such global corporations are sometimes made to reflect(53)_multinational investments(54)_operations are made exclusively by an executive(55)_from one nation or by(56) _of different national investment leaders. Clearly; thesemultinational organizations (57) ____ major role in world trade and investments (58)__of their demonstrated management skills,(59)_,financial resources,and related advantages.(MNCs), nevertheless,must (60)_frequently governmental and other(61)_who contend that such far-flung companies are able to (62)____ or avoid national regulation by virtue of their ability to(63)_new(and at times old) investments from one country to another. Some governments have adopted exacting(64)_which Macs must follow in their countries the most common of which requires a majority or significant (65)_of domestic as opposed to foreign ownership.VI. Traaslation (5% x2=10%)Directions Translate sentences into English.66.张伟达和陈浩建立了自己的合伙企业,启动资本为7万元69宏雅可使用长期贷款和短期贷款相结合的资金组合形式。