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“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的用法归纳一．由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+to do）。
疑问词部分包括疑问代词who, whom, what, which和whose以及疑问副词when, where和how。
此外，连接词“whether”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能：⑴当主语，如：● When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.● Where to live is a problem.⑵当宾语，常接在forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, know, learn, wonder, remember等动词之后作宾语如：● We must know what to say at a meeting.● He could not tell whom to trust.● Do you know how to play bridge?⑶当表语，如：● The problem is where to find the financial aid.● The question is who to elect.⑷当名词同位语，如：● Tom had no idea which book to read first.● The question whether to confess troubled the girl.⑸用于宾语补足语,双重宾语。
某些动词后可接“sb.+ 疑问词 + 不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等如：● I can tell you where to get this book.● I ask her how to learn English.● He will advise you what to do.● Will you show me how to use the machine?(6) 作介词宾语：某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on, with等。
读书破万卷下笔如有神________________________ ________“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的用法归纳由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式(wh-+to do)。
疑问词部分包括疑问一.代词who, whom, what, which 禾口whose 以及疑问畐U词when, where和how。
此外，连接词“ whether ”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功厶匕冃能：⑴当主语，如：• Whe n to hold the meeti ng has not yet bee n decided.• Where to live is a problem.forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, kno w, lear n,⑵当宾语，常接在wonder, remember等动词之后作宾语如:• We must know what to say at a meeti ng.• He could not tell whom to trust.• Do you know how to play bridge?⑶当表语，如：• The problem is where to find the financial aid.• The questi on is who to elect.⑷当名词同位语，如：• Tom had no idea which book to read first.• The questi on whether to con fess troubled the girl.⑸用于宾语补足语，双重宾语。
某些动词后可接“ sb.+疑问词+不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等如：• I can tell you where to get this book.• I ask her how to lear n En glish.• He will advise you what to do.• Will you show me how to use the mach ine?(6)作介词宾语：某些介词后面可接疑问词+不定式作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on,with等。
“特殊疑问词+不定式”的用法“疑问词+不定式”结构(question word + to-infinitive)4)疑问代词who, what, which等和疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式,以及连接副词whether与不定式连用构成不定式短语(在作用上相当于一个名词性从句,名词成分)。
这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、复合宾语的直接宾语、状语、同位语等句子成分。
注意:疑问副词why 后不能跟动词不定式一、“疑问词+不定式动词”结构的几种功用:1)作主语Where to go is still a question. 到哪里去还是个问题。
(作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式)When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was. 选择吃什么,已经不像以前那么...When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。
What to read is an important question. 该读些什么是一个很重要的问题。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2)作宾语(作用相当于名词性从句)A. 用作动词宾语He asked how to open the box. 他询问如何打开盒子。
She couldn’t think what to say. 她想不出说什么。
He could not tell whom to trust.Our teacher explained how to use the word processor. 老师向我们说明如何使用文字处理机。
I know where to find the boy. 我知道到哪里能找到这个男孩。
“特殊疑问词＋不定式”的用法“疑问词+不定式”结构(question word + to-infinitive)4）疑问代词who, what, which等与疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式,以及连接副词whether 与不定式连用构成不定式短语(在作用上相当于一个名词性从句,名词成分)。
这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、复合宾语的直接宾语、状语、同位语等句子成分。
注意:疑问副词why后不能跟动词不定式一、“疑问词+不定式动词”结构的几种功用:1)作主语Where to go is still a question、到哪里去还就是个问题。
(作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式)When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided、Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was、选择吃什么,已经不像以前那么、、、When to start has not been decided、何时动身尚未决定。
What to read is an important question、该读些什么就是一个很重要的问题。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop、如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2）作宾语(作用相当于名词性从句)A、用作动词宾语He asked how to open the box、她询问如何打开盒子。
She couldn’t think what to say、她想不出说什么。
He could not tell whom to trust、Our teacher explained how to use the word processor、老师向我们说明如何使用文字处理机。
I know where to find the boy、我知道到哪里能找到这个男孩。
“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的用法归纳一．由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+to do）。
疑问词部分包括疑问代词who, whom, what, which和whose以及疑问副词when, where和how。
此外，连接词“whether”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能：⑴当主语，如：● When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.● Where to live is a problem.⑵当宾语，常接在forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, know, learn, wonder, remember等动词之后作宾语如：● We must know what to say at a meeting.● He could not tell whom to trust.● Do you know how to play bridge?⑶当表语，如：● The problem is where to find the financial aid.● The question is who to elect.⑷当名词同位语，如：● Tom had no idea which book to read first.● The question whether to confess troubled the girl.⑸用于宾语补足语,双重宾语。
某些动词后可接“sb.+ 疑问词 + 不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等如：● I can tell you where to get this book.● I ask her how to learn English.● He will advise you what to do.● Will you show me how to use the machine?(6) 作介词宾语：某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on, with等。
特殊疑问词+不定式”的用法"疑问词+ 不定式"结构（question word + to-infinitive ）4）疑问代词who, what, which等和疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式，以及连接副词whether与不定式连用构成不定式短语（在作用上相当于一个名词性从句，名词成分）。
这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、复合宾语的直接宾语、状语、同位语等句子成分。
注意：疑问副词why 后不能跟动词不定式一、疑问词+不定式动词”结构的几种功用：1）作主语Where to go is still a questio n.到哪里去还是个问题。
（作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式）When to hold the meeti ng has not yet bee n decided.Choos ing what to eat is no Ion ger as easy as it once was. 选择吃什么，已经不像以前那么...When to start has not been decided.何时动身尚未决定。
What to read is an important question.该读些什么是一个很重要的问题。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2）作宾语（作用相当于名词性从句）A. 用作动词宾语He asked how to open the box.他询问如何打开盒子。
She couldn ' t think what to sa她想不出说什么。
He could not tell whom to trust.Our teacher explained how to use the word processor.老师向我们说明如何使用文字处理机。
特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的用法归纳一．由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式 (wh-+to do )。
疑问词部分包括疑问代词who, whom, what, which 和whose 以及疑问副词when, where 和how 。
此外，连接词“whether也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能：⑴当主语，如：•When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.•Where to live is a problem.⑵当宾语，常接在forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, know, learn, wonder,remember 等动词之后作宾语如：•We must know what to say at a meeting.•He could not tell whom to trust.•Do you know how to play bridge?⑶当表语，如：•The problem is where to find the financial aid.•The question is who to elect.⑷当名词同位语，如：•Tom had no idea which book to read first.•The question whether to confess troubled the girl.⑸用于宾语补足语，双重宾语。
某些动词后可接“sb.+疑问词+不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等如：•I cantell you where to get this book.•I ask her how to learn English.•He will advise you what to do.•Will you show me how to use the machine?(6) 作介词宾语：某些介词后面可接" 疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on, with 等。
不定式与疑问词不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等连用,构成不定式短语,在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
现将这种用法归纳如下。
一、“疑问词+动词不定式”结构有两种形式:1. “疑问词+to+动词原形”I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。
Can you tell me how to make a paper boat?你能告诉我怎样做一只纸船吗?2. “疑问词+名词+to+动词原形”I don’t know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。
二、“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词,包括疑问代词who, what,which 和疑问副词how, when, where等。
这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语,这种结构可在句子中作以下成分:1. 主语Where to stay for the night is a problem. 晚上在哪儿过夜还是个问题。
What to do is not decided yetHow to begin is more difficult than where to stop2. 宾语We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。
In one of his books, Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.在马克思的一本书中,他对如何学习一门外语提出了一些建议。
(作介词on的宾语)Do you know when to start? 你知道什么时候开始吗?I showed her which button to press. 我告诉她应该按哪一个按钮。
、有时还可用于介词后作宾语。
如:I found a book on how to avoid having a heart attack. 我找到一本书谈如何避免心脏病复发。
“特殊疑问词＋不定式”的用法“疑问词+不定式”结构（question word + to-infinitive）4）疑问代词who, what, which等和疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式，以及连接副词whether与不定式连用构成不定式短语（在作用上相当于一个名词性从句，名词成分）。
这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、复合宾语的直接宾语、状语、同位语等句子成分。
注意：疑问副词why 后不能跟动词不定式一、“疑问词+不定式动词”结构的几种功用：1）作主语Where to go is still a question. 到哪里去还是个问题。
（作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式）When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was. 选择吃什么，已经不像以前那么...When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。
What to read is an important question. 该读些什么是一个很重要的问题。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2）作宾语（作用相当于名词性从句）A. 用作动词宾语He asked how to open the box. 他询问如何打开盒子。
She couldn’t think what to say. 她想不出说什么。
He could not tell whom to trust.Our teacher explained how to use the word processor. 老师向我们说明如何使用文字处理机。
I know where to find the boy. 我知道到哪里能找到这个男孩。
（作动词know的宾语）B. 作于间接宾语后作直接宾语I’ll show you how to do it. 我将给你讲这怎么做。
She kindly advised me what to do. 她好心的劝告我该做什么。
My sister taught me how to fold paper into a crane. 我姐姐教我如何折纸鹤。
C. 用作介词宾语I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道如何做此事。
Bill said something to her about what to do. 比尔给她讲了讲应当怎样做。
I found a book on how to avoid having a heart attack. 我找到一本书谈如何避免心脏病复发。
We must first solve the problem of whom to serve. ....为谁服务的问题。
（作介词of的宾语）3）作表语The question is how to learn English well. 问题是怎样学好英语。
（作表语）The problem is where to find the financial aid.The question is what to do next. 问题是下一步怎么办。
The question is how to carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。
5）作复合宾语的直接宾语I can tell you where to get this book.He will advise you what to do.Will you show me how to use the machine?I asked her how to learn English. 我问她如何学英语。
（宾语补足语）5）作状语She was at a loss what to do. 她不知如何是好。
（做状语）6）作同位语The question whether to confess troubled the girl.是否要坦白的问题使姑娘很烦恼。
（做同位语）I have no idea which one to take. 我不知道拿哪个好。
（同位语）Tom had no idea which book to read first.二、“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构经常用在某些动词后作宾语，类似的动词有：tell, show, know, learn, teach, find out, forget, wonder, imagine, learn, decide, consider, understand, remember, think等。
Eg: I’ll show you how to do it. 我要让你看看如何做这件事。
You’d better find out where to put it. 你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。
注：（作介词宾语）某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on, with等He has no idea of how to answer this question. 他不知道怎样回答这个问题。
Della had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.德拉仅有$1.87为来吉姆买一件礼物。
(which是关系代词)You have a number of topics from which to choose. 你有很多题目可以选择。
(which是关系代词)（作复合宾语）某些动词后面可以先有个宾语，然后才接适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构（即：sb.+ 疑问词+ 不定式）。
这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell, inform等，先加上一个间接宾语，之后再加上“疑问词+不定式”结构作直接宾语。
Eg: The chief technician showed the apprentice how to repair the machine.Have you told him where to get the application form?He will advise you what to do. 他会建议你们做什么Will you show me how to use this machine? 你能示范教我如何使用这部机器吗？When you are trying to advise someone about what to do or what not to do, you can use should / ought to or should not /ought not to.当你想要建议某人做什么或者不做什么时，你可以用should / ought to 或者should not / ought not to 作双重宾语（宾语补足语）：某些动词后面可接"sb.＋疑问词＋不定式"构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等。
Eg: He will advise you what to do. 他会建议你们做什么Will you show me how to use this machine? 你能示范教我如何使用这部机器吗？三、“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构可以把复合句转为简单句。
Eg: I don’t know what I’ll do next. = I d on’t know what to do next.Eg: The doctor told him when he should take the medicine.= The doctor told him when to take the medicine.因为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以可用同等成分的从句代替，从而把简单句转换为复合句。
改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语即可。
Eg: Li Ping doesn’t know why to learn English.= Li Ping doesn’t know why he should learn English.Eg: Which to choose is important. = Which we should choose is important.Eg: The question is where to go. = The question is where we should go.四、“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构可构成独立问句。
What to do? 怎么办？How to get rid of the trouble? 如何摆脱困境？该结构的注意点：易错一：按照英语语法的习惯，疑问副词why后不直接跟动词不定式。
误：I don't know why to choose that dictionary. （X）正：I don’t know why you must choose that dictionary.但可以接不带to的动词不定式（即动词原形），构成Why do sth.?/Why not do sth? 结构。
肯定形式表示某动作是不必要的或没有意义的，而否定形式则用于向某人提建议和表达看法，相当于祈使句。
Eg: Today is Sunday. Why not go out to relax yourself? 今天是周日，干嘛不出去轻松一下呢？Why pay more at other shops? We have the best value.为什么花更多的钱到其他商店去买？我们这里物美价廉。
需要注意的是：why not这个结构的否定式通常只用于谈论现在和将来，而不用于谈论过去。
误：Why not clean the room yesterday? （X）正：Why didn’t you clean the room yesterday?Why not do sth? = why don't you do sth?易错二：“疑问词+不定式”结构，通常不用于动词think的现在式和过去式之后，但可以用于think的其他形式之后（如现在进行式）Eg: I’m thinking what to do next. 我在想接下来要做什么。
