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疑问词how的用法how的用法较活，含义丰富。
现就how在句中的用法作一小结，以便同学们在学习中能更好地理解和掌握它。
1. 表示感叹。
如：How cold it is today！今天好冷啊！How hard they are working！他们在多么辛勤地劳动啊！How fast he runs！他跑得多快啊！2. 表示问候。
如：How do you do？你好！How are you？你（身体）好吗？3. 表示某种方式、手段或方法。
如：How do you spell it？你怎样拼写它？How did he go to school yesterday？他昨天是怎样去上学的？How do you know about it？你怎么知道这件事的？4. 表示爱好、程度、看法等。
如：How do you like the music？你觉得这首乐曲如何？How is your Chinese？你的汉语如何？How do you like China？你认为中国怎么样？5. 问天气。
如：How is the weather in Beijing？北京的天气怎么样？How is the weather in winter？冬天的气候怎样？6. 问路。
如：Excuse me，how can I get to the train station？请问去火车站的路怎么走？7. 问年龄。
如：How old are you？你多大了？8. 问数量。
如：How many players are there in a team？一个队有几名队员？How much bread is there on the table？桌子上有多少面包？9. 问价钱。
如：How much is this coat？这件外套多少钱？How much are these apples？这些苹果多少钱？10. 问高度。
如：How high is the mountain？这座山有多高？How tall is the girl？这女孩儿有多高？11. 问距离。
英语语法------ 疑问词+不定式一、基本用法说明疑问词what, which, who, when, where, how及连接副词whether与不定式连用而形成一个短语，这个短语相当于一个名词，可在句中做句子的主语、宾语或表语等。
如：1. 作主语。
如：What to do is not decided yet. 该做什么还没有确定。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2. 作宾语。
如：Do you know when to start? 你知道什么时候开始吗？I showed her which button to press. 我告诉她应该按哪一个按钮。
有时还可用于介词后作宾语。
如：I found a book on how to avoid having a heart attack.我找到一本书谈如何避免心脏病复发。
She was worried about how to fill her leisure time.她为如何打发她的闲暇时间而发愁。
3. 作表语。
如：The question is how to carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。
The difficulty was how to cross the river. 困难在于如何过河。
二、“疑问词+不定式(短语)”是一个很有用的结构，它的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understa nd等)后面做宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。
如：He didn’t know how to answer her. 他不知道该怎样回答她。
When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。
初二英法：不定式解及一..不定式的构成： to+ 原形二不定式的特点：不定式不能够独作，没有人称和数的化，不定式具有名，形容，和副的特点，能够在句子中作主，表，。
足，定，和状。
将用法以下。
〔一〕、不定式作主不定式作主，能够直接放在前面的主地址，也能够用先行it 作形式主，而将真正的主 (不定式 )置于后边。
常的句式有：(1)It is +形容 (of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名 (for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is +形容 (for sb)to do sth. 句式注意：当不定式作主的句子中又有一个不定式作表，不能够用It is⋯ to ⋯的句型( )To see is to believe.百不如一。
( )It is to believe to see.It's for sb. 和 It's of sb.1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特点特点，表示客形式的形容，如impossible 等：It's very hard for him to study two languages.他来学两外是很的。
2) of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，道德，表示主感情或度的形容，right 。
easy, hard, d ifficult,interesting,如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish,It's very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
〔二〕、不定式作1.He wants to buy some vegetables.2.Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school.3.He found it very difficult ______.常接不定式作的;want ， like， agree， hope ， wish ， learn ， begin ， start ， seem， decide ，hate， choose， forget ， remember等后边，能够接不定式作。
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初二英语语法：动词不定式详解及习题一..不定式的构成：to+ 动词原形二不定式的特征：不定式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词，形容词，和副词的特征，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语。
宾语补足语，定语,和状语.现将用法归纳如下。
（一)、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置,也可以用先行词it作形式主语,而将真正的主语（不定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有:(1）It is +形容词（of sb）to do sth。
（2）It is +名词(for sb）to do sth（3)It takes sb some time to do sth（4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth。
句式注意: 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型（对）To see is to believe。
百闻不如一见。
（错)It is to believe to see.It’s for sb.和 It’s of sb。
1） for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard， difficult, interesting, impossible等:It's very hard for him to study two languages。
疑问词＋不定式结构用法详解一、“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的疑问词包括who, what, which（疑问代词）和how, when, where, why（疑问副词）等。
这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语等。
如：I really don”t know what to write about. 我实在不知道该写些什么。
The problem is where to put this computer.问题是该把这台计算机放在哪儿才好。
I asked him how to learn English well.我问他如何才能学好英语。
二、“疑问词＋不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以常常可以用同等成分的从句来代替。
改写时只需在疑问词之后加上恰当的主语，并将不定式短语变成适当形式的谓语。
如上述句子可以分别改写为：I really don”t know what I should write about.The problem is where we should put this computer.I asked him how I could learn English well.三、“疑问词＋不定式”结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, discuss, remember, forget, find out, wonder等动词的后面作宾语。
The teacher taught the students how to do the experiment.老师教学生们如何做这个实验。
The young woman doesn”t know what to do.那位年轻女子不知道怎么办才好。
The farmers showed us how to plant trees.农民们给我们示范怎样植树。
［注意］“疑问词＋不定式”结构还可以用于独立问句。
——教学资料参考参考范本——【资格考试】2019最新整理--(备考辅导)英语讲义【42】“疑问词+不定式动词”结构______年______月______日____________________部门英语有个很有用的结构，就是：疑问词+不定式动词（question word + to-infinitive）。
疑问词是疑问代词“who, whom, what, which, whose”和疑问副词“when, where, how, why ”。
此外，连接词“whether”也适用。
“疑问词+不定式动词”结构有何功用呢？其主要功用有下列五种：⑴当主语，如：● When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.● Where to live is a problem.● How to cope with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussion topic.⑵当宾语，如：● We must know what to say at a meeting.● He could not tell whom to trust.● Do you know how to play bridge?⑶当补足语，如：● The problem is where to find the financial aid.● The question is who to elect.⑷当名词同位语，如：● Tom had no idea which book to read first.● Do you have a rough impression how to do it?⑸当宾语补足语，如：● Jim is not sure whose to choose.● Mary and John are not certain whether to get marriedor not.适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder, understand”等。
疑问词＋不定式的用法一、“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who，whom, what，which 和疑问副词how，when，where等。
这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
例如：1.How to do it is a question．该怎样做倒是一个问题。
（作主语）2.We must first solve the problem of whom to serve．我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。
（作介词宾语）3.The question is where to put it．问题是该把它放在哪儿才好。
（作表语）二、“疑问词＋不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。
改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。
上述例句可以分别改写成：1. How we should do it is a question．2.We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve．3.The question is where we should put it．三、“疑问词＋不定式”结构经常放在tell，show，teach，learn，know，wonder，discuss，remember，forget，find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。
例如：The teacher told the students how to do the experiment．老师教学生如何做实验。
（句中told含有taught的意思）The young woman doesn't know what to do．那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。
（句中what不能改换成how）He tells me how to answer all the questions in English．他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。
人教版九年级英语下册《不定式专题复习》学习任务单及练习题【学习目标】1.复习不定式的用法。
2.在练习中正确地使用不定式。
【学习准备】准备好课本、笔和笔记本，边学习边做记录。
【学习方式和环节】听课学习，按老师指令完成相应的课上练习。
学习环节主要有：1.观察句子，找出并改正运用不当的地方，总结不定式用作句子成分的种类。
2.了解不定式用作主语的用法并练习使用。
3.了解不定式用作表语的用法并练习使用。
4.了解不定式用作宾语的用法并练习使用。
5.了解不定式用作宾语补足语的用法并练习使用。
6.了解不定式用作定语的用法并练习使用。
7.了解不定式用作状语的用法并练习使用。
8.总结并布置作业。
【课堂学案】I. Look at the following sentences. Are they correct? Underline the ones with grammatical errors and correct them.1. To see is to believe.2. Watch TV is boring.3. I am surprised watch him eat so quickly.4. Edison’s mother taught him to read and write.5. Don’t forget to wear a mask when you go out if you have caught a flu.6. What I want is learn from others.7. I want something to drink.II. Complete the following sentences and describe the pictures.______________(do yoga 瑜伽) makes you heathier._____________ (be you mother) is the best thing I’ve done.III. Complete the following sentences and describe the pictures.The mission[ 使命]of the medical teams from other provinces is __________ (help) people in Wuhan fight against COVID- 19.The most important thing for a doctor is _________ (save) lives.IV. Choose the right answer.1. --- The light in the office is still on.--- Oh, I forgot _______.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off2. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. boughtV. Choose the right answer.1. The teacher asked us ______ so much noise.A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make2. The workers want us ________ together with them.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked3. My teacher advises_____ a lot, and she advises us ______ at least twice a week.A. reading, readingB. to read, to readC. reading, to readD. to read, readingVI. Complete the following sentences and describe the pictures.The volunteer has a lot of vegetable packages __________ (deliver 派送).The volunteer has the whole street ___________ (clean) and sterilize [消毒].VII. Choose the right answer.1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told2. She made a candle ______ us light.A. giveB. gaveC. to giveD. given不定式练习题I. 单项选择。
“疑问词+不定式”的⽤法1. 基本⽤法不定式有时可以与what, which, who, how, when, where等疑问词连⽤，构成不定式短语，在句中主要⽤作宾语，也可⽤作主语、表语等：I don’t know what to do. 我不知道怎么办。
Tell me when to hold the meeting. 告诉我什么时候开会。
The question is how to use the machine. 问题是如何使⽤这台机器。
Where to get so much money is a question. 到哪⾥去弄这么多钱是个问题。
【注】疑问词why 后不能接不定式：误：I don’t know why to leave.正：I don’t know why I must leave. 我不知道我为什么必须离开。
但是，why后可接不带to的不定式（即动词原形）：Why go with her? 为什么要与她⼀起去？Why not tell her the truth? 为什么不告诉她实情？2. 与相应从句的转换有时“疑问词+不定式”可以转换成相应的从句：Tell me when to leave. / Tell me when we shall leave. 告诉我什么时候离开。
I don’t know how to find him. / I don’t know how I can find him. 我不知道如何找到他。
Where to get the money is just our problem. / Where we can get the money is just our problem. 到哪⾥去弄这笔钱正是我们头痛的事。
英语语法------ 疑问词+不定式一、基本用法说明疑问词what, which, who, when, where, how及连接副词whether与不定式连用而形成一个短语，这个短语相当于一个名词，可在句中做句子的主语、宾语或表语等。
如：1. 作主语。
如：What to do is not decided yet. 该做什么还没有确定。
How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
2. 作宾语。
如：Do you know when to start? 你知道什么时候开始吗？I showed her which button to press. 我告诉她应该按哪一个按钮。
有时还可用于介词后作宾语。
如：I found a book on how to avoid having a heart attack.我找到一本书谈如何避免心脏病复发。
She was worried about how to fill her leisure time.她为如何打发她的闲暇时间而发愁。
3. 作表语。
如：The question is how to carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。
The difficulty was how to cross the river. 困难在于如何过河。
二、“疑问词+不定式(短语)”是一个很有用的结构，它的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understand等)后面做宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。
如：He didn’t know how to answer her. 他不知道该怎样回答她。
When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。
I don’t know who to ask advice from. 我不知道应向谁征求意见。
Would you please advise me which to buy? 你能否告诉我该买哪一个才好?Please explain (to me) where to begin and how to do it. 请(给我)解释该从哪里开始及该怎么做。
They exchanged views on the question of whom to elect. 他们就该选谁的问题交换了意见。
注意：按英语习惯，疑问词why后面通常不接不定式。
但在以why或why not 开头的省略型疑问句中，其后可跟不带to 的不定式。
如：Why get upset just because you got a bad mark? 何必因为没有考好就想不开呢?You’re looking tired. Why not take a holiday? 你一脸倦容，怎么不休假呢?三、五个易错点易错一：是否用于疑问词why之后按英语习惯，有一个疑问词不能用于“疑问词+不定式”结构，就是why。
如：我不明白为什么马上就走。
误：I don’t know why to leave at once.正：I don’t know why we must leave at once.why后面可以跟不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)，用以表示某动作是不必要的或无意义的。
如：Why pay more at other shops? We have the best value. 为什么花更多的钱到其他商店去买呢? 我们这里最物美价廉。
另，why后面不带to的动词不定式有时也可能是否定的，该结构主要用来提出建议。
如：You’re looking tired. Why not take a holiday? 你一脸倦容，怎么不休假呢?易错二：与动词think连用有何特别之处“疑问词+不定式”结构，通常不用于动词think的现在式和过去式之后，但可以用于think的其他形式之后（如进行式）。
如：I’m thinking what to do next. 我在想接下来要做什么。
另外，“疑问词+不定式”结构也通常用于还有助动词的think之后。
如：She couldn’t think what to say. 她想不出该说什么。
She couldn’t think what to give the c hildren for Christmas. 她想不出圣诞节该送孩子们什么礼物。
易错三：与动词know连用要注意什么当要表示知道如何做某事，know之后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，此时可改用know how to结构。
如：我会做西班牙式的摊鸡蛋。
误：I know to make Spanish omelettes.正：I know how to make Spanish omelettes.易错四：与某些只接动名词作宾语的动词连用有些动词可以接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，但通常不直接跟不定式作宾语。
这类动词主要有consider (考虑), discover (发现), discuss (讨论), explain (说明), find (out) (查到),know (知道), observe (观察), suggest (提议), wonder (怀疑), understand (了解)等。
如：Have you considered how to get there? 你是否考虑过如何到那儿去?Our teacher explained how to use the machine. 老师向我们说明如何使用这台机器。
We discussed what to do and where we should go. 我们讨论了该怎么办及到哪里去。
你能说明一下蛋糕的做法吗?误：Can you explain to make a cake?正：Can you explain how to make a cake易错五：which to do 的两种用法要注意“which+不定式”结构，其中的which有时是疑问词。
如：I can’t decide which to choose. 我不能决定选哪个好。
Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个?有时可能是关系代词，相当于一个省略的定语从句，此时主要用于介词后作宾语。
如：She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来的时间。
Allow me one minute in which to change my costumes. 给我一点时间来卸装。
这两句中的which to…也可改为定语从句：She must have time in which she can grow calm.Allow me one minute in which I can change my costumes.巩固练习一．选择1. Mr. Wu advised us _____to choose in this shop.A. whichB. from whichC. whatD. how2. The students do not know _______this math problem.A. how to deal withB. what to doC. how to do withD. what to deal with3. Xiao Ming has explained ____ late for class to his teacher.A. why to beB. why he wasC. that he wasD. why be4. Are you sure___?A. how to work it outB. how to work out itC. what to work out itD. what to work it out5. He didn’t think ____ was easy.A. who to chooseB. choosing a personC. chose a person6. He did not say ___ for help.A. whose to askB. whom to askC. which to askD. what to ask二、填空1. ___________ is a question．该怎样做倒是一个问题。
(作主语)2. I really don't know ____________________．我实在不知道该写些什么.（作动词宾语）3. We must first solve the problem of____________________．我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题.（作介词宾语）4. The question is ____________________．问题是该把它放在哪儿才好.（作表语）5. I asked him________________________．我问他如何学习英语.（作宾语补足语）6. The teacher told the students _______________ the experiment．老师教学生如何做实验。
7. The young woman doesn't know____________________ ．那位年轻女子不知道怎么办.8. He tells me______________________ all the questions in English．他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题.9. ______________ is unknown．何时动身还不知道.10. I forgot ___________ ．我忘了该怎么办.11. I can tell you __________________ ．我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书.Key:1. How to do it2. what to write about3. whom to serve4. where to put it5. how to learn English6. how to do7. what to do 8. how to answer 9. when to start10. what to do 11. Where to buy（get）this book三、句子改写，改成“疑问词＋不定式”结构1. How we should do it is a question．2. I really don't know what I should write about．3. We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve．4. The question is where we should put it．5. I asked him how we should learn English．四、用“疑问词＋不定式”完成下列句子.1. How we should do it was discussed last night．___________________ was discussed last night．2. I didn't know where I should go．I didn't know ____________________ ．3. The difficulty was how we should cross the river．The difficulty was _____________________________ ．Keys：1. How to do it 2. where to go 3. how to cross the river。
