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专业英语第五章

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专业英语Chapter5

专业英语Chapter5
• Electronic commerce • Commerce online • 3 rules E-COMMERCE RULES • Understand …, Find customers & establish relationships Move money easily and securely • Convenience • Lower priced, Purchased frequently • Specialty • Higher priced, Purchased less frequently • Commoditylike • Same no matter where you purchase it ..Price and ease of ordering are important
• Digital • Purchased and delivered over the Internet..Best product type for B2C e-commerce • Mass customization • an organization to can tailor its products or services for customers • MRO • Maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) materials (indirect materials) • What are MRO materials • materials necessary for running a company
• Financial cybermediary • Internet-based company that makes it easy for one person to pay another person or organization over the Internet • Electronic check • sending money from your checking or savings account to another person or organization • Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) • that sends bills over the Internet, provides an easy way to pay • Smart card • plastic card that contains an embedded chip on which digital information can be stored and updated

第五章 Auditor's Report《专业英语》PPT课件

第五章 Auditor's Report《专业英语》PPT课件

[Para 2] An auditor's report is considered an essential tool when reporting financial information to users, particularly in business. Since many thirdparty users prefer, or even require financial information to be certified by an independent external auditor, many auditees rely on auditor reports to certify their information in order to attract investors, obtain loans, and improve public appearance. Some have even stated that financial information without an auditor's report is "essentially worthless" for investing purposes.
Detailed below: [Para 10] A Qualified Opinion report is issued
when the auditor encountered one of two types of situations which do not comply with generally accepted accounting principles, however the rest of the financial statements are fairly presented. This type of opinion is very similar to an unqualified or "clean opinion", but the report states that the financial statements are fairly presented with a certain exception which is otherwise misstated. The two types of situations which would cause an auditor to issue this opinion over the Unqualified opinion are:

专业英语第五章写作详解演示文稿

专业英语第五章写作详解演示文稿
第八页，共40页。
2.3 摘要
• 摘要是以介绍论文主要内容为目的的小短文。 • 摘要一般位于正文之前，以十分简练的句子开门见山地说明论文的主
旨、观点，从而使读者可以在通读全文之前作出是否有必要通读全文 的判断。 • 摘要篇幅大小一般以不超过正文字数的5%为宜。
• 论文摘要应尽量将文中的内容和理解这些内容的主要要素写入 • 习惯性以“本文”、“本研究”等摘要的开头，是无信息的词语，
——我国科技期刊论文标题中文要求不超过20个汉字，外文一 般不超过10个实词。
• 英文标题一般是第一个单词的首字母大写，有时也可以是所 有实词首字母大写或全部大写。
第五页，共40页。
范例1：超高压对植物乳杆菌能量代谢影响的研究 Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on energy metabolism of
University, Tai'an 271018，China) (2 Key Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of
Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China)
第十二页，共40页。
（3）表示研究结果与结论 The results indicated that… Our results confirm that… The study proves that… The results demonstrated that… The study reveals that… The conclusion is that… The results showed that… The results be summarized as follows We conclude：①… ②… ③… The comparison concludes that…

汽车专业英语第五章

汽车专业英语第五章

燃油喷射系统燃料喷射系统的车辆上已使用了许多年。

最早的是纯粹的机械。

随着技术的进步，电子燃油喷射系统变得越来越受欢迎。

早期的机械和电控燃油喷射系统不使用反馈控制。

由于排放量成为更多的关注，反馈控制进行了调整，这两种类型的燃油喷射系统。

机械和电子燃油喷射系统，可以发现汽油发动机，柴油发动机是最常见的机械式系统，尽管这些发动机的新一代已经使用电子燃油喷射（EFI.)基本理论EFI使用米燃油输送称为喷油器电磁阀。

今天，大多数车辆使用1缸的喷油器。

当电磁线圈通电时，燃料喷雾到阀口。

由电动泵在约40 psi的高压燃料被输送到喷射器。

燃料输送控制由喷射器是由计算机循环。

计算机产生信号，以打开喷射器用于在一定的时间长度，根据通过传感器传递的发动机状况。

喷射器是打开的时间越长，喷射燃料。

随着发动机负荷和转速的增加，喷油器开启时间的增加，增加气流相匹配。

这台计算机的输出信号被称为喷射器脉冲宽度。

的脉冲宽度的时间越长，喷射燃料。

引擎需求标准火花点火式，4冲程发动机的需要，按照适当的比例混合燃料与进入的空气的高效率运作。

这一比例是13份的范围内的空气中，以1份燃料最佳的电源，15为1为最佳排放量和17〜1最佳经济。

大多数现代发动机旨在为约1,470至1比少将ority巡航和中等功率条件。

这是化学上的正确率，这导致最低的平均排放量和合理的功率。

丰富条件的特点是过量的燃料，精益条件的特点是空气过量或缺乏燃料。

随着转速的增加，在一定程度上，气流也增加和燃油流量必须增加，以配合它。

随着节气门开于一个给定的转速，气流增大到目标点，并再次，燃料流必须遵循气流。

燃油系统电喷燃油系统包括油箱，油泵，油轨，稳压器，喷油器和返回线。

来自燃料罐由泵压力40磅左右。

燃料压力控制由所述燃料压力调节器，燃油轨的一端位于出血回到油箱的燃料通过返回线路。

泵始终把过量的燃料，以便大量返回到坦克在怠速和低转速条件下，发动机需求的增加。

燃油轨本质上是一个管状燃料歧管设计进行燃料喷射器和进气歧管上，举行的地方。

《金融专业英语》chapter 5

《金融专业英语》chapter 5
National Bank of the Republic, Salt Lake City 1908
5.2.1 Definition and Development of a Commercial Bank
➢ A bank can be defined in terms of : the economic functions it serves, the services it offers to its customers, or the legal basis for its existence.[5] Certainly banks can be identified by the functions they perform in the economy. They are involved in transferring funds from savers to borrowers and in paying for goods and services.
➢ Most newly created central bank money enters the economy through banks or the government. The Federal Reserve can create new assets to be carried on bank balance sheets, and then banks issue new commercial loans from those new assets. Most central bank money creation becomes, and is exponentially increased by, commercial bank money creation.

大学英语专业综合教程unit 5单词英英解释重点单词

大学英语专业综合教程unit 5单词英英解释重点单词

Unit 5 Fourteen steps1、n.a warning or criticism about sb’s behaviour2、v.cause severe suffering3、v.help4、n.a sudden bursting of a tire5、v.quickly push sth or sb .into sth.6、n.sb.who is unable to use his limbs,esp.the legs7、n.a stick under one’s arm ,for supporting a person who has difficulty in walking8、v.refuse to accept that sth.might be true or important9、n.a road for vehicles that connects a private house10、n.the quality of being very great,esp.in difficulty11、a.weak and poor in health12、a.feeling impatient or angry because you are unable to do what you want to do13、v.move the fingers in an attempt to do sth14、n.a fact or event that canbe used for judging sb.or sth.15、a.characterized by or blowing in strong rushes of wind16、v.walk with difficulty17、v.make the horn of a vehicle produced a short loud sound18、ck of interest,love,etc.19、v.set up.20、n.a period of time between activities21、v.pull suddenly and quickly22、v.be so full that the contents go over the sides ;be very full23、v.cause to be unable to move24、v.enter ,pass (into or through)25、n.someone who people believe has been sent by God to teach them the right way to follow their religion26、a.from or relating to the Bible27、v.become slower or less active28、v.(esp.of wind)come hard down and cross29、a.smooth and slippery.30、a.extremely tired31、v.move quickly and smoothly(all over)32、v.move forcefully or with a heavy deadened sound33、v.cause to slope34、pletely35、pron.whatever36、n.sth.that you compare similar thing to as a way of judging their quality or value。

Unit_5 Hydraulic Structures(翻译版)郑州大学研究生专业英语课程

Unit 5 Hydraulic Structures水工建筑物Open Channel Flow明渠流We may divide open channel flow into steady and unsteady flow. Steady refers to time. If the discharge in a channel at any one point does not change with time, we are dealing with steady flow. If it does change with time, we have unsteady flow, for instance, when a wave is traveling in a channel or when the discharge is gradual.我们可以把明渠流分为恒定流和非恒定流。

恒定是指时间。

如果渠道中任意一点的流量不随时间变化,我们认为是恒定流。

如果它随着时间的改变而改变,我们认为是非恒定流,例如,当波浪在渠道中传播或当流量渐进变化时。

We may divide open channel flow also into uniform and non-uniform flow. Uniform refers to distance. If the wetted cross-sectional area of an open channel is the same from one location to another, we are dealing with uniform flow. If it does change from place to place, we have non-uniform flow; for instance, when the slope of the channel steeps, when the channel contains an obstruction, or when the flow is backed up by a dam.我们也可以把明渠流分为均匀流和非均匀流。

工程管理专业英语第五章翻译

Chapter 5Bidding and Tendering of Construction Projects建设项目投标和招标5.1 Bidding Procedure of Construction Projects建设项目投标过程第一段：第一句：The implementing agencies of borrowing countries can use a variety of procurement methods on World Bank-financed projects〔世界银行资助项目〕.借款国的执行机构可以使用世界银行资助项目的各种采购方法。

第二句：The method selected depends on a number of factors including [〔the type of goods or services being procured〕, 〔the value of the goods or services being procured〕, 〔the potential interest of foreign bidders〕and 〔even the cost of the procurement process itself〕].选择的方法取决于多项因素，包括所采购的商品或服务的类型；采购的商品或服务的价值；外国投标者的潜在利益；甚至采购过程本身的成本。

第三句：The overall objective of the guidelines〔指南〕how to select procurement methods is to allow borrowing countries to buy high quality goods and services as economically as possible 〔尽可能经济〕.指南中如何选择采购方式的总体目标是让借款国在尽可能经济的条件下购买优质的产品和服务。

(完整版)电气工程及其自动化专业英语第五章课文翻译

Most people can formulate a mental picture of a computer, but computers do so many things and come in such a variety of shapes and sizes that it might seem difficult to distill their common characteristics into an all-purpose definition. At its core, a computer is a device that accepts input， processes data， stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of stored instructions.Computer input is whatever is put into a computer system. Input can be supplied by a person， by the environment, or by another computer。

Examples of the kinds of input that a computer can accept include the words and symbols in a document, numbers for a calculation, pictures， temperatures from a thermostat，audio signals from a microphone， and instructions from a computer program. An input device, such as a keyboard or mouse， gathers input and transforms it into a series of electronic signals for the computer.In the context of computing, data refers to the symbols that represent facts, objects， and ideas. Computers manipulate data in many ways， and we call this manipulation processing。

《专业英语》大纲

昆明学院《专业英语》课程教学大纲（适用电气专业）（共 32 学时）一、课程的性质、地位、任务和教学目标（一）课程的性质和地位专业英语是电气工程及其自动化的通识教育公共必修课程之一，随着国际交流的日益广泛,专业英语的重要性也日渐明显。

本课程是专业基础教育的一门选修课。

本课程既是专业知识的学习又是英语的学习，具有双重意义。

（二）课程的主要任务课程的主要任务从以下三个方面体现：1. 专业词汇领会掌握250-300个本专业单词，以及由这些词构成的常用词组200-250个，并具有按构词语法识别生词的能力。

2. 阅读翻译能力借助工具书，能流利阅读本专业的英文书籍及相关资料，并有一定的翻译能力。

3. 英文摘要写作与学术交流能力具有初步的英文摘要写作与学术交流能力。

教学重点：1．掌握教材中出现过的专业英语词汇；2．掌握专业英语的阅读技巧；3．掌握专业英语的翻译技巧；4．掌握专业英语的语法特点；5．掌握专业英语和科技英语中的常见文体，尤其是学术论文的写作知识。

教学难点：1．专业英语词汇的积累；2．专业英语的正确应用。

（三）课程的教学目标本课程目标是使学生了解专业英语的基本特点，并学习相应的专业词汇，提高学生应用英语的能力。

学生通过本课程的学习，能够了解专业英语的特点，可以拓展自己的专业词汇，能基本无障碍的阅读本专业英文文献，具备一定翻译本专业英文文献和和写作本专业英文科技论文的基础，并有一定的学术交流能力，为将来从事专业工作打下必要的基础。

二、课程教学环节组成由课堂讲授，师生讨论，习题课，答疑，复习等环节组成。

三、课程教学内容纲要第一章：Fundamentals of Electric Circuits【目的和要求】掌握课文及专业英文的语法特点和词汇特点。

【教学内容】1.1 Current and Voltage1.2 Circuit Elements1.3 Ohm’s Law1.4 Kirchhoff’s Laws1.5 Basic Analysis Methods1.6 Sinusoidal AC Circuit Analysis and Three-Phase Circuit【重点和难点】1）The relation between power and energy2）Independent sources3）How to use Kirchhoff’s current law and voltage law?4）Nodal analysis5）Balanced three-phase Voltage第二章：Electronics【目的和要求】掌握课文及词义选择、词义的引申和长难句的翻译。

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Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 5.the marketing company era
• In the marketing company era, overall business strategy is developed with extensive participation by the department and the use of marketing research to help the company decide how to better serve customers. • Marketing is seen as a view of customers that constantly seeks to understand their wants and needs more completely---and to translate that understanding into better products
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• Personal selling • Personal selling is a communication method that involves paid, personal contact in the form of seller’s representative who meets with customers, usually in a face-to-face situation.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 2.the production era • The production era was characterized by increased use of machines and new organizational techniques that vastly increased the amount of goods that could be made. • Demand far exceeded supply • If the company could produce an item ,there typically a ready buyer waiting for it.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• • • • • • • •
Teaching content 1.What are the five eras of marketing ? 2.What is meant by the concept of middleman? 3.Whatwere the characteristics of the production era? 4.What is the difference between the function of a line manager and that of a staff manager? 5.What are the”4Ps”in marketing activities? 6.What are the traditional activities in promotion? 7.How does advertising differ from personal selling?
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 1.the simple trade era Producers: were typically rural families who might have specialized in one or more of goods. Product: were farm crops or livestock. Middleman :who in turn found more distant customers for their collected products for sale.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• The line and staff functions of business • Line functions: those activities that directly relate to production of the goods or services that are sold by the firm. • Staff functions: those activities that must be performed to provide necessary support for the line functions to operate effectively.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• By the 1930s enough manufacturers had successfully increased production to the point that most industries in Western countries had greater capacity to produce than was supported by demand among their potential customers
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 3.the sales era • The sales era was characterized by a belief that customers were reluctant to buy, in part because so many companies were competing for their attention. • During the sales era, most companies taught sales people aggressive selling techniques that focused on overcoming potential resistance on the part of buyers with little or no regard for whether or not the person needed or wanted the product.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• In general , if the cost of a product is high, the product is complex, the risk of making a poor choice is great, or the uses and benefits of the product are difficult to understand, the personal selling activities may be the most important part of the promotion effort coordinated by the seller.
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• • • • • •
What are the five eras of marketing ? 1.the simple trade era 2.the production era 3.the sales era 4.the marketing department era 5.the marketing company era
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 4.promotion:is the set of activities concerned with communicating information to potential buyers. • Promotional activities are traditionally grouped in four areas: • 1)personal selling • 2)advertising • 3)publicity • 4)sales promotions

Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• Technical Terms
• • • • • • • • • • • Marketing Needs Wants Demand Product Customer value Customer satisfaction Exchange Transaction Production concept Marketing research 市场营销 需要 欲望 需求 产品 顾客价值 顾客满意度 交换 交易 生产观念 市场调查
Unit 6 Marketing Part A Marketing: Overview
• 4.the marketing department era • The marketing department era saw the view of selling as a larger activity than that of the individual sales representative “overcoming” the objections of buyers. • Selling activities expanded to include more impersonal forms of communication and organization created marketing departments to coordinate all the selling activities of the firm.