2021年高考英语一轮复习之语法专项突破 2 第二讲 非谓语动词

2021版高考英语一轮复习专题训练第二部分专题二非谓语动词202104091321.[2021丙卷(全国Ⅲ),41]But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term (rest).2.[2021北京,27]Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online(save) their valuable time.3.[2021北京,30]The national park has a large collection of wildlife,(range) from butterflies to elephants.4.[2021北京,26] (make)it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.5.[2021北京,28] (order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.6.[2020北京,23]The park was full of people, (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.7.[2020江苏,24]Much time (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.8.[2020福建,33]In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared, (combine)the sense of "information" and "atmosphere".9.[2020重庆,11]Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars.10.[2020浙江,14]Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days bya nurse (appoint) to guard her.11.[2020湖南,21]Children, when (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.12.[2020陕西,20] (work) out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.13.[2020四川,5]The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop) after great effort.14.[2020湖南,23] (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.15.[2020福建,30]For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying (connect).16.[2020江西,26]When it comes to (speak) in public, no one can match him.17.[2020陕西,14]The witnesses (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.18.[2020北京,21]Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives, including your own.19.[2020新课标全国Ⅱ,5]I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.20.[2020浙江,7] (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.21.[2021甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]We can choose between staying at home and take a trip. 答案1.resting spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配,故填resting。

——教学资料参考参考范本——浙江高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第二讲非谓语动词随堂巩固即时提升新人教版______年______月______日____________________部门单句语法填空1．(20xx·湖北××区高三调研)The Yangtze River，________(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longestriver in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.known 解析：主语the Yangtze River和know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。

2．(20xx·浙江宁波九校联考)I like staying up late____________(watch) TV，surfing the Internet or doing something I’m fond of.watching 解析：逻辑主语I与watch之间为主动关系，表示伴随状态，故填现在分词watching。

3．(20xx·玉溪一中月考)You lose weight for a while, only____________(gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program.to gain 解析：“only＋不定式”表示意想不到的结果。

4．(20xx·河南八市重点高中质检)There is a____________(grow) tendency nowadays for some people to treat animals as living meat and walking fur.growing 解析：根据is可知，此处表示“正在增长的趋势”，而不是已经增长的趋势，所以用现在分词growing作定语。

第二讲非谓语动词A组单句语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e­4 ________(find)and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin.解析：该句主句为Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e­4；________(find) and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin为不定式在句中作目的状语。

答案：to find2．(2020·浙江卷7月)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ________(change)lives.解析：考查非谓语动词(不定式)。

句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。

此处用不定式作定语，修饰technology，故填to change。

答案：to change3．(2020·浙江卷7月)Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，________(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.解析：考查非谓语动词中的动词­ing形式。

结合and和上文的planting可知，此处应该填making与其并列。

答案：making4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They represent the earth ________(come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.解析：考查非谓语动词。

非谓语动词非谓语动词是中学英语语法的重点和难点，也是高考热点之一。

主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。

考点一非谓语动词作定语1.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语常表示该动作尚未发生，即动词不定式具备将来含义。

He has a lot of work to do。

他有很多工作要做.He has something good enough to read。

他有很好的读物。

动词不定式既可用主动式也可用被动式，但其含义有所不同。

试比较:Do you have anything to send? （动作的执行者是“你”）Do you have anything to be sent?(动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)。

2。

动词-ing形式作定语当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主动关系或用来表示被修饰词的用途时,用动词-ing形式。

Three days later I received a letter offering me the job。

三天后,我收到了一封给我提供这份工作的信。

This is a reading room。

这是一个阅览室。

3.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,被修饰的名词与分词在逻辑上通常是被动关系。

过去分词作定语也可表示完成。

Tsinghua University,founded in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures。

清华大学建立于1911年,是许多杰出人物的摇篮。

This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer。

这是一本由一位著名的中国作家写的书。

考点二非谓语动词作状语1.动词不定式作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等。

She came here to work.她来这儿是为了工作。

I’m glad to hear the news。

听到这个消息我非常高兴。

专题二非谓语动词1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ，61)A 90－year－old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ________ (be) Britain's oldest full－time employee—still working 40 hours a week.答案：being 介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。

2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ，68)When we got a call ________ (say) she was short－listed, we thought it was a joke.答案：saying say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying，用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a call。

3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ，64)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.答案：looking 动词avoid后面接名词或动名词。

此处表示“避免直接看他的眼睛”，应填looking。

4．(2019·天津高考，4)________(learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.答案：Learning 本空在主句中作主语，应该用动名词形式。

5．(2019·天津高考，10)Most colleges now offer first－year students a course specially ________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.答案：designed a course与design之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语。

高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，顾名思义也确实是不能单独用作谓语的动词（但与助动词结合可构成“进行时态、系表结构、完成时态、被动语态等谓语形式”），非谓语动词在英语句子结构中用法专门广泛、灵活，可充当主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。

现在笔者向同学们作分类介绍：动词不定式一、不定式作主语1.一样置于句首：To see one time is better than to hear one hundred times.2.常见用it代替它作形式主语，而把不定式或不定式结构移到句尾：It's our duty to serve the people．3.在含有不定式作主语的疑问句或感叹句中，一样只用it作形式主语。

常见：Is it a good idea to plant some flowers there？不能够说：*Is to plant some flowers there a good idea？二、不定式作表语连系动词be，seem，appear，get，remain等常用不定式作表语，假如主语部分有实义动词do时，表语常可用不带to的不定式。

例如：My idea is to have a trip on Sunday．The only thing I can do now is wait at home.三、不定式作动词宾语1.动词＋不定式：The girl asked to see the headmaster．常见的跟带to的不定式结构作宾语的动词有：agree，aim，arrange，ask，choose，decide， demand，pretend，expect，hope，learn，long，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，want，hate 等。

但help后的不定式常可省掉的，如：They helped（to）do the cleaning this morning.2.动词十疑问词（why除外）＋不定式：We must find out what to do next.常见能跟“疑问词十不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，see，think，understand，wonder等。

高考英语复习非谓语动词2（二）-ing形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。

-ing形式仍保留有动词的特点，能够带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。

1、-ing的形式：-ing有一样式和完成式。

及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。

现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种2、-ing形式的差不多用法。

（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。

Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，假如其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。

如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。

She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。

Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，假如-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，假如是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词确实是该-ing的逻辑主语。

第二部分语法知识贯通专题二非谓语动词题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.[2021某某某某一诊,67]BeiDou Navigation Satellite System adopts a unique two-way munication system, including its ability (receive) messages sent by people from areas with poor signals.2.[2021某某八校联考,28](release) on September 25,2020, Leap, which focuses on the story of Chinese Women Volleyball Team, soon became a great hit.3.[2021某某江淮十校二测,42]Though he studied for the civil service exam to bee a civil servant like his father, Du Fu failed (pass) and spent many years traveling.4.[2021某某某某质量监测,63]The people born in the 1980s or 1990s believe that(save) food is a virtue.5.[2021某某某某部分学校第一次考试,64]Plum rains, often (occur)during June and July, refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather.6.[2021某某名校联考,61 & 62]Ant Forest(found) by Ant Financial Services Group has received a 2019 Champions of the Earth award, the UN’s highest environmental honor. Ant Forest improves greener lifestyles by inspiring users (reduce) carbon emissions in their daily lives and better protect the environment.7.[2021某某百校联考,67 & 68]You may have noticed how busy tree squirrels are in fall, (search) for every last seed and nut that can be found and stocking their tree homes with enough food (get) them through winter.8.[2021某某某某摸底考试,70]I also look forward to (open) chances to expose the people of my country to Chinese culture.9.[2021某某某某质量监测,64]Young people also give their opinions on how(help)reduce food waste.10.[2021某某百校联盟第一次模拟,61]A 56-year-old enthusiastic backyard birdwatcher named Stuart Dahlquist spent years (leave) out food for a family of crows.11.[2021某某某某中学期中,80]Busily (employ) in cleaning his shoes, he didn’t notice my ing.12.[2021某某四市名校联考,36]A massive wildfire forces thousands of people (flee) their homes.13.[2021某某六校协作体联考,60]The plants are irrigated by (use) a simple drip system(滴灌系统).14.[2020某某六校联考,62]The tea from China is in great abundance. (tell) if a pot of tea is nice you can mainly rely on the color, smell, taste and form.15.[2020某某某某期中,64]People with a healthy lifestyle and good genetic inheritance(遗传特征)tend(score)"younger" on these assessments.16.[2020某某某某一诊,61]Li Na became the first Asian-born player (head) to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2019.17.[2020某某某某、某某两市教学质量测评,43]They are as important as a birthday cake with its candles (light) in western countries.18.[2020某某某某铁人中学期中,14]The careless driver is (blame) for the traffic accident that happened yesterday.B单句改错19.[2021豫湘名校联考]I think attend extra classes during the weekends will make me to rely on them.20.[2021某某名校第二次联考]After get home,I talked to my parents about my idea.21.[2021某某省某某市一调]I have a good mand of English and I’m confident in giving players guidance and help as requiring.22.[2021某某八校联考]I appreciate the beauty hiding in literature.23.[2021某某四校适应性测试]Tea has a long history in China, dated back to 5, 000 years ago.24.[2021某某某某一模]Only by making good preparations for exams can we avoid suffer from the pressure.25.[2021某某某某一中考试]People will surely take it for granted that they have the duty prevent any killing of wild animals.26.[2021四省八校开学考]Some students play mobile phones or sleep in class, waste large quantities of precious time.27.[2021某某某某期中]I’m glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter.28.[2020某某五校协作体联考]From then on,we managed to spare half an hour every day to reading books,however busy we were.29.[2020某某某某摸底考试]JourneytotheWest is a fantastic story setting in the Tang dynasty.30.[2020某某示X高中名校联考]I often help making tea and drink together with him. 题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.[2020全国П,65]They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.2.[2020全国Ш,69]And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.3.[2020某某,63]Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.4.[2020,5]It takes them hundreds of years(break) down.5.[2020某某,4] (help)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.6.[2020某某,31]Technological innovations, (bine)with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.7.[2020某某1月,57]The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30 —today it is 41 and is expected(increase) to 42 by 2050.8.[2019全国Ι,64]Modern methods...are expensive (perform) consistently over a large area.9.[2019全国П,65]…she had no plans(retire) from her 36-year-old business.10.[2019全国П,68]When we got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.11.[2019全国Ш,62]On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take (get) there.12.[2019某某,10]Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially (design)to help them succeed academically and personally.13.[2019某某,32]China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries (recognize) its role in international affairs.14.[2018全国Ш,64 & 65]I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel(challenge).15.[2018全国П,70]China’s approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.16.[2018某某11月,62]Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem (call) caffeinism.17.[2018全国Ι,62]You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.18.[2018,10]Ordinary soap, (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.19.[2018某某,26]Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, (exceed)the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.20.[2018全国Ш,70]Once his message was delivered, he allowed me(stay) and watch.21.[2018某某,7]I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph(take).22.[2018,3] (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.23.[2018某某,59]I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years…24.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),63]Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process) the food that we eat...25.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),61]But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term (rest).26.[2017,27]Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online (save) their valuable time.27.[2017,30]The national park has a large collection of wildlife, (range) from butterflies to elephants.28.[2017某某,10]I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch).29.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),65]But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.30.[2016某某,64]For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something (eat)!31.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),64]People probably cooked their food in large pots, (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.32.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),63]Skilled workers also bine various hardwoods and metal(create)special designs.33.[2016某某,4]The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, (make)air conditioning unnecessary.34.[2016乙卷(全国Ι),67]My ambassadorial duties will include(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.B单句改错35.[2020全国Ш改错]I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may bee ill.36.[2019全国Ш改错]If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.37.[2019全国Ш改错]Now my dream is to opens a cafe.38.[2018全国Ш改错]Everyone was silent, wait to see who would...39.[2018全国П改错]As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many timesI asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.40.[2016甲卷(全国П)改错]We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.41.[2016丙卷(全国Ш)改错]I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.A专项语篇型填空(非谓语动词)Standing at the window of an expensive shop was a young woman 1 (dress)in blue jeans. She went in and asked 2 (see) a dress in the window. The assistant 3 (serve) her did not like the way she dressed and told her the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily. 4 (decide) to punish the assistant, the woman returned to the shop the following morning. Finding the rudeassistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, he was eager5 (serve)her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window6 (get) the dress. Seeing this, the woman said that she didn’t like it. She made the assistant7 (bring) almost everything in the window before finally8 (buy) the dress she had asked for at first. She was very pleased with what she had done.9 (recognize)the woman by now, the assistant didn’t feel angry. Instead, he felt sorry for what he had done the day before, 10 (apologize) to her for what he had done. The woman forgave him and later became a regular customer of the shop.B语法填空[2021某某部分重点中学综合测试]Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of Yunnan province, was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 1 sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 2 (see) that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 3 (immediate) got a burst of inspiration.She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and e back to write something like a poem. Much __4 her surprise, the works written by the students were far beyond her expectations!Inspired by that class, Kang founded the non-profit organization, Enlighten Our Future, to help Chinese youngsters improve their mental well-being and their exam grades through poetry position and 5 (appreciate). She managed to persuade 13 schools 6 (adopt) the "Four-Season Poetry Lessons" project, with a teaching plan,content and methods she provided. So far, the poetry lessons 7 (design) by the organization have helped 68,000 students in 823 primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future 8 (run) by three full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers, 280 backups and more than 1,000 volunteers.What’s great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 9 (effect) way to municate with oneself, she says. "What they need is not sympathy, but recognition, 10 I think will influence their whole life."C短文改错[2021某某某某质量检测]In order to celebrated National Day and the Mid-Autumn Festival,and we had an 8-day holiday.After it,my classmates and I were talking about how to do during the holiday excitedly.Then we decided to go to help the farmers instead of stay at home.As soon as we arrived at farm,we were attracted by the apples hanging on the branches.We couldn’t wait to pick the apples,which were the most interesting work.Particular,we were allowed to choose what we liked best and taste them.We didn’t feel boring at all even though the job was tiring.We worked for 5 hours happily unless the sun set.答案专题二非谓语动词题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.to receive 此处考查固定用法ability to do sth."做某事的能力"。