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初二英语语法：动词不定式详解及习题一..不定式的构成：to+ 动词原形二不定式的特征：不定式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词，形容词，和副词的特征，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语。
宾语补足语，定语，和状语。
现将用法归纳如下。
（一）、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is…to…的句型(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
(错)It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和It's of sb.1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult,interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
（二）、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants to buy some vegetables.2. Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school.3. He found it very difficult ______.常接不定式作宾语的动词;want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。
【语法课堂】：动词不定式1．不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被动态(如to be written)，所有的主动词，不论是及物动词还是不及物动词，也不论是动作动词还是状态动词，都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外，没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2．不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语①Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago．②To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago．John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．It is not difficult for those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
【语法课堂】：动词不定式1．不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形 (如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被动态(如to be written)，所有的主动词，不论是及物动词还是不及物动词，也不论是动作动词还是状态动词，都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外，没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2．不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语①Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago．②To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it 不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago．John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．It is not difficult for those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
专题14 动词不定式在中考语法项目中，主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。
动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成，有时to省略，直接由动词原形构成。
否定式由“not to+动词原形”构成。
如：We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累，但是我们决定继续远足。
The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。
1. 动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有：learn 学会plan 计划decide 决定try 尽力choose 选择agree 同意refuse 拒绝pretend 假装offer 主动would like / want 想要expect 期望hope / wish 希望promise 承诺afford 负担得起prefer 喜欢help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)continue 继续(continue to do / doing)begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。
如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。
外研八年级上英语动词不定式讲义和练习非谓语动词讲解1、把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 2、用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.注意：在③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在④中，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。
在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。
这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式，如：It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.二、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
专题三：动词不定式+双宾语一．动词不定式含义当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，就会出现两个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢?同学们自然会想到want to do sth.，need to do sth.和decide to do sth.等表达方式。
行为动词后的动词都采用了“to+动词原形”的结构。
我们把这种结构称为动词不定式。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。
二．动词不定式的功能1.动词不定式作宾语(1)动词+to do sth.表示的多为将来的行为。
如：want to do sth. / hope to do sth. / learn to do sth. / try to do sth. / decide to do sth. / forget to do sth. / remember to do sth. / stop to do sth./ plan to do sth.等(2)to有时可省略，结构为动词+do sth.had better do sth. / why not do sth.2.动词不定式作宾语补足语(1)宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明，结构：“动词+宾语+动词不定式”。
其否定结构要在to do 前面加not,构成not to do。
如：allow sb. to do sth. / choose sb. to do sth. / want sb. to do sth. / tell sb. to do sth. / ask sb. to do sth. / invite sb. to do sth. /(2)在表示感觉、祈使等意义的动词help, make, let, have, feel, see等后接不带to 的不定式。
3.动词不定式作目的状语(1)如果表示“做某事是为了什么”，可以用动词不定式表示目的，常与soas，in order等构成短语不定式既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。
八年级上册动词不定式用法总结及练习M5-6动词不定式即to+动词原形，否定形式是：not to +动词原形。
动词不定式在句中不能作谓语，可以充当其他句子成分。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
同学们在八年级上册书中学习的是动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语的用法。
下面做详细解说：一：动词不定式作宾语。
同学们在学习英语过程中会遇到两个动词连用的情况，比如要表达“想做某事，需要做某事，决定做某事”时，第一个动词往往在句中体现句子的时态，即谓语动词，但是后面的动词该用什么形式呢？这就需要用到动词不定式了。
如：want to do sth. , need to do sth. , decide to do sth. 像want，need，decide等动词后面可以直接加动词不定式，那么这个动词不定式就作前面动词的宾语。
这类动词属于及物动词（就是能够直接加名词代词作宾语的动词），表明想要，计划或希望要做（或发生）的事。
动词不定式所表示的多为将来的行为。
但需要注意的是:在英语学习中并不是所有的动词都采用“动词+不定式”的形式，因为动词不同，对其后的形式要求也不同。
常见的后面接“to +动词原形”作宾语的动词有：plan计划，decide决定，want想要，hope希望，offer提议，learn 学习，promise 承诺，agree同意，等等。
同步练习：（一）用所给动词的正确形式填空1. She said she offered ____ (take) me to the shopping center.2. They decided ____ (play) tennis against Guangming Middle School.3. He wanted _____ (watch) the football match at the stadium.4. My parents plan _____ (visit) my grandparents next weekend.5. David promised ____ (not be)late for school next time.（二）根据短文内容，用所给动词的正确形式填空。
名师指导：动词不定式精讲精练动词不定式用法灵活多样，这一点你是否了解？有些动词或短语后面既可以接不定式又可以接动名词，其用法区别你是否已铭记于心？OK．请看——动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。
另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。
动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。
下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。
1．作主语可以直接作主语。
如：To see is to believe．百闻不如一见。
但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如：It's wrong to play tricks on other people．It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）．点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。
it作形式主语时，有三种情况：1）常用形容词作它的表语。
真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即for sb．to do sth．（其中sb．就是to do的逻辑主语）。
如：It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。
［注意］for不能用of来代替，因为不能说：You are important．当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则不用for，而用of（sb．to do sth．）。
如：It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。
外研版初二英语上册动词不定式练习题外研版初二英语（上）Module 9 动词不定式练习题Ⅰ单项选择(45%)1.Would you please tell me next?A. how to doB. what to doC. what do I doD. how I should do2.The girl wasn't to lift that bookcase.A. too strongB. enough strongC. strong enoughD. so strong3.For a time his grandmother found accept his new idea.A. hardB. it hardC. it hard toD. it is hard to4.As she has never been there before, I'll have someone her the way.A. showB. to showC. showingD. showed5.You drive slowly. The roads are wet.A. had ratherB. would ratherC. had betterD. would better6.Nothing can make the brave soldier his country.A. turn againstB. to turn againstC. to turn toD. turn to7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor a job.A. findB. to findC. lookD. to look for8.When learning a foreign language, try our best the spirit of it.A. masterB. holdC. take hold ofD. to master9.It was foolish his car unlocked.A. for him to leaveB. of him to leaveC. for him leaveD. him to leave10.Remember the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. will put back11.Napoleon spoke so loudly as to in front of his soldiers.A. hearB. be heardC. listenD. be listened to12.Television and radio to know what is going on all over the world.A.made it possible of usB.have made us possibleC.have made it possible for usD.have made it be possible for us13.I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry.A. for leavingB. to leaveC. if leavingD. to have left14.I don't see how I could possible manage the work without .A. to finish； helpingB. to finish；being helpedC. finishing；helpingD. finishing；being helped15.We all think it most foolish this mistake.A. for you makingB. of you to makeC. you to makeD. for you to make16.Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still.A. a good place which to be lived inB. a good place to liveC. a good place to live inD. a good place to live for17.—You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you?—Yes, we were and had to stop the way.A. askingB. to askC. askedD. to be asked18.She felt it a great shame so severely in the presence of her boy frie nd.A. to criticizeB. to have criticizedC. to be criticizedD. to have been criticized19.The advertisements are trying people to buy things they don't really need.A. persuadeB. persuadingC. be persuadingD. to persuade20.If you were much younger, I would arrange as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.A.for you to workB.of you to workC.for you workD.you work21.On our way back home, we lunch because we felt hungry.A.stopped to haveB.stop to haveC.stopped havingD.stoped to have22.I did nothing but my lessons last Sunday.A.go overB.to go overC.went overD.go on23.I'd prefer home rather than a walk.A.to stay; to takeB.stay; to takeC.to stay; takeD.stay; take24.He was so follish his car unlocked.A.to leaveB.that leaveC.as to leaveD.for him to leave25.Your flat needs . Do you want me it for you?A.to clean; to doB.cleaning; doingC.cleaning; to doD.to be cleaned; doing26.What the scientist said greatly encouraged us the experiment again, but his secretary's words discouraged us the experiment any more.A.to try; to doB.to try; from doingC.for trying; from doingD.trying; to do27. water before breakfast seemed to them a rule never .A.To get; breaksB.To get; to breakC.Getting; breaksD.Get; to break28.The patient was warned oily food after operation.A.to eat notB.eating notC.not to eatD.not eating29."Do you have any clothes today, Sir?" asked the maid politely.A.washB.to be washedC.to washD.to be washing30.Mr. Green has never smoked any more since his wife him .A.suggested; to give it upB.persuaded; to give up itC.advised; to give it upD.persuaded; to give it upⅡ.把下列的定语从句和同位语从句改为不定式短语(15%)1.There are still a lot of difficulties we have to overcome.2.Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series of tests that must be passed.3.At the end of the speech he expressed the desire that he should come and work in Chi na someday.4.They signed an agreement that they should expand the trade between the two countries.5.The commander gave orders that we should cross the river.Ⅲ.把下列的状语从句改为不定式短语(15/%)1.She was excited when she heard the news.2.I'm glad I have seen your mother.3.The mother was pleased when she saw her son doing so well at school.4.He was very happy when he saw us so happy.5.They will be disappointed when they hear it.Ⅵ.把下列的结果状语从句改为 enough to 或too…to 短语(25/%)1.The room is so large that it can hold one hundred people.2.The room is so small that it can't hold one hundred people.3.The text is so easy that a child can understand it.4.The text is so difficult that a child can't understand it.5.He is so short that he can't be a good basketball player.参考答案Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.A21.A 22.A 23.C 24.C 25.C 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.B 30.DⅡ.1.There are still a lot of difficulties for us to overcome.2.Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series oftests to be passed/to pass.3.At the end of his speech he expressed the desire to come and work in China someday.4.They signed an agreement to expand the trade between the two countries.5.The commander gave us orders to cross the river.Ⅲ.1.She was excited to hear the news.2.I'm glad to have seen your mother.3.The mother was pleased to see her son doing so well at school.4.He was very happy to see us so happy.5.They will be disappointed to hear it.Ⅳ.1.The room is large enough to hold one hundred people.2.The room is too small (not large enough) to hold onehundred peop le.3.The text is easy enough for a child to understand.4.The text is too difficult (not easy enough) for a child to unders tand.5.He is too short (not tall enough )to be a good basketball player。
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语法探知：动词不定式作宾语
【教材典句】
At four months old, she started to go outside for the first time.
在4个月大时，她开场第一次外出。
句中谓语动词started后跟动词不定式to go作宾语。
【语法全解】
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其构造为to+动词原形，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语，表语，宾至如归语，初足语，定语，状语等。
今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词和短语。
；；；；；；；；；；；；need to do sth需要做某事；；；refu。
【助记】
常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词歌诀
想要拒绝命令(want, refuse, order)，
需要努力学习(need, try, learn)，
期望同意帮助(expect, agree, help)，
希望决定开场(hope, wish, decide, begin, start)
“停顿做某事〞；“停下来去做另一件事〞。
“记得做过某事〞，指事情已经发生；“记得去做某事〞，指事情还没发生。
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外研八年级上英语动词不定式讲义和练习1、把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.2、用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do 逻辑主语④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do“It is stupid of you to write down everything”, the teacher says.注意：在③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词,强调对人的评价。
在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。
这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式,如：It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.二、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征,通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
如：1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意：不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
Our work is serving the people.三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求、选择、同意(ask, choose, agree),期望、决定、学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可、假装、知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望、想要、愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如：1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)I’d love to visit Mexico2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。
如：1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.注意：疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。
The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式,句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。
如：I find it difficult to remember everything.4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love 等。
一般说来,动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程,ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。
但是这种区别并不很严格,特别是美国英语,即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。
如：1)Then I started to watch English-language TV.2)I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am.begin用了进行时态,后面只接不定式作宾语,表示事情刚开始,还要继续下去。
3)I like to eat vegetables.感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。
5.后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。
后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。
stop to do停下来做另外一件事,to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事,doing是宾语。
try to do尽力做,try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事,go on doing继续做原来的事。
如：1)When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.2)I stopped using them last year.及物动词+不定式一般形式：及物动词+疑问词+不定式：四、用作定语1.句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语,不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时,用动词不定式的主动式。
如：1)I have so many chores to do today.2)I cant think of any good advice to give her.具体关系如下例子：①The next train to arrive is from Washington.②Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?③Do you have anything to say on the question?④Would you please give me some paper to write on?不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词（例④）。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态（例②）。
2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时,不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。
如：1)He needs time to do homework2)Is that a good place to hang out？3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.3.在“there be...”句型里,句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象,常用主动式。
如：1)There’s just so much to see and do here.2)... but there are still many things to do there.注意：2、在这种情况下,如果不定式动词是不及物动词,则后面必须加介词。
如：They could not find a place to live in.(他们找不到住的地方)Please give me a chair to sit on.(请给我一张椅子坐坐)He has got a writing brush to write with.((他找到了写字的毛笔)五、用作补语动词不定式作补语时,在主动语态句里补宾语,在被动语态句里补主语,句子的宾语或主语是不定式动作的逻辑执行者。
如果不定式是to be done,句子的宾语或主语就是逻辑承受者。
1.在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有：要求、允许、提议(ask, allow, permit, advise),期望、邀请、鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage),教导、告诉、想要(teach, tell, want),等待、希望、愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
如：1) I’d invite her to have dinner at my house.2) Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.3) Email English is supposed to be used on mobile phones.2.动词不定式作补语,在主动语态句里不带to,被动语态句里带to时多数动词是感官动词和使役动词,包括四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch,三“让”：have, let, make,二“听”：hear, listen to,一“感觉”：feel,一“注意”：notice。
如：1)This picture makes me feel tense！2)Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams.注意：主动语态中to省略,但是在被动语态中to要还原。
I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night.3.help后接动词不定式作补语,to可带可不带。
一般说来,带to表间接帮助,不带to表直接帮助。
在被动语态句里,或者用不定式的否定式作补语时要带to。
如：1)... th2)Using email English helps you write quickly.4.be said, be sure, happen, seem等后面可以接带to的动词不定式作主语的补语。
