(完整)牛津译林版英语八年级上册《比较级与最高级》语法专讲

牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit1知识点讲解重点单词清单1. thirsty /形adj.口渴的典例I'm so thirsty. Can I get something to drink?我如此口渴。

我可以要点儿喝的吗?拓展thirsty的比较级是thirstier, 最高级是thirstiest。

❷honest/形adj.诚实的;正直的助记诚实的猴[ ho(u) ]待在鸟巢( nest)里。

典例an honest boy一个诚实的男孩反义: dishonest adj.不诚实的,不正直的拓展honest是以元音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词an。

联想honesty n.诚实,正直❸secret /名n.秘密典例I can’t tell you that. It’s a secret.我不能告诉你那件事。

它是个秘密。

短语* keep a secret保守秘密in secret秘密地，暗地里拓展secret adj. 秘密的❹care/动vi.& vt.关心，关注,在意典例:I don't care much about going to the party.我不太在意去参加那个晚会。

短语>care for 照料;喜欢care about 关心;关怀联想care n. 照管;管理;看护;小心;留神take care of照料,关怀❺yourself /代pron.你自己助记your( pron.你的)+self(n.自己)= yourself典例Help yourself to some fish, Ann.安，请随便吃些鱼吧。

短语*enjoy yourself玩得开心by yourself独自地,独立地help yourself to... 请随便吃拓展yourself的复数形式为yourselves.6.magazine/n.杂志典例read many kinds of magazines拓展英语中“看”的不同表达(看书read a book看电影see/ watch a film看电视watch TV看黑板look at the blackboard看医生see the doctor看窗外look out of the window7. good-looking /形adj.好看的,漂亮的助记> good( adj.好的) +looking( adj.●.....相貌的)= good-looking典例>Lucy is a good-looking girl.露西是-个漂亮的姑娘。

牛津译林版八年级上册8A Unit 1-8 语法点总结八年级上册8AUnit1-8 语法总结一、形容词/副词的比较等级(1)—用法讲解大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。

其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little 修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。

最高级表示“最……”，用于三者及三者以上之间的比较，用来说明“某人或某物在某个范围内最……”①形容词的比较级(-er)和最高级(-est)的构成a. 规则变化之口诀：直接加；去e 加；双写加；变y 加; more/ mostb. 不规则变化②比较级前的修饰语still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather；a little, a bit；much, a lot, far, many；twice, ten times, one fourth, two pounds, three years形容词的比较等级(2)—常见句型①A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B （与……一样）He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。

He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。

②A≠ B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B （与……不一样）They didn’t do as/so much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。

I’ve never seen as/so old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。

③A > B 或A < B A + V + 比较级+ than + B （比……更……）Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。

牛津译林版八年级上册全册语法知识点复习总结一、形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，其结构如下：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+比较对象。

2. 形容词最高级的由用法：形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较，其结构为：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

3. 形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词原级的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。

①规则变化①不规则变化二、比较事物的数量1. 两者之间比较通常用more..than/ less... than 和fewer..than来比较两种事物之间的数量关系。

其中more... than之间加可数名间的复数形式或者不可数名词，less... than 之间加不可数名词，fewer...than 之间加可数名词的复数形式。

例：I has more apples than Lily.我的苹果比莉莉的多。

He eats less food than I for breakfast.他早饭比我吃得少。

Bobby has fewer books than Tim.波比的书比蒂姆的少。

2. 三者或三者以上比较通常用the most、the least、the fewest 来比较三者或三者以上事物之间的数量关系。

the most、the fewest、the least 分别是many/much、few、little 的最高级。

the most 表示“最…；最多”，其后既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词；the fewest 表示“最少”，其后接可数名词的复数形式；the least 表示“最少”,其后接不可数名词。

例：Jack gets the most points of the three boys.在三个男孩中，杰克的得分是最高的。

He has the least milk among them. 他的牛奶是他们之中最少的。

（完整）牛津译林版英语八年级上册《比较级与最高级》语法专讲比较级与最高级语法专讲形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。

一、形容词的原级及用法◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较2.可以修饰原级的词: very quite enough(“足够”,用在形容词后)so pretty too how rather(相当) (not) as…as (“(不)像…一样”,同级比较) not so…as (“不像…一样”,同级比较)e.g. How happy we are! 我们多么高兴啊！This ruler is as long as that one.这把尺子和那把一样长。

(变否定句)This ruler is not as/so long as that one.二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则①单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加estcold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallesthigh —higher —highest long —longer —longest ②以字母e 结尾的词只加r或stnice —nicer —nicest late —later —latestfine —finer —finest③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或estbig —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottestwet —wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattestsad —sadder —saddest④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或esteasy — easier — easiest early — earlier — earliestfunny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiestheavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier —dirtiest ⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most interesting important difficult excitied tired careful popular expensive boring fun ⑥不规则变化little — less — least good / well — better — bestbad / ill / badly —— worse —— worstmany / much —— more —— mostold —— older —— oldest (年龄大的,与than连用)old —elder —eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用) far —— farther —— farthest (距离远)far —— further —— furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的)◆副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同三、比较级用法1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更…”2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (…得多)a little = a bit (…一点点) even (甚至) far (远远…) any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中)3.比较级标志: than or4.形容词比较级句式:①A + be + 形容词的比较级+ than + B. (A比B…)②Which/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更…,A 还是B？)练习写出下列句子凯特很瘦。

A．so fluently as B．more fluent than C．as fluent as D．much fluently than例3：她看起来不如玛丽年轻。

She doesn't look __________ _________ __________ Mary.题型2：形容词、副词比较级例1：You look ________than before，why?A. more thinB. more thinnerC. much more thinD. much thinner例2：The ( hard ) you study , the ( well ) you’ll be at your lessons .例3：杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。

Jack's father is __________ _________ _________ than her mother.题型3：形容词、副词最高级例1：—It seems that Alice never wants to do anything except draw pictures.—Right. That's what she likes to do ________.A．more B．less C．most D．least例2：Johnson has the ____(little) bread of us four.例3：你能用最少的人力和最少的金钱将工作做的最好吗？Can you do the work with people and money ?三、【能力提升】（梅岭7A期中17-18）六、任务型阅读（每空一词，每空1分，计10分）Mr Morgan is an old man. He is 65years old. He has a big house and a new car. He has no wife, but he is a father. He lives a happy life. He has two sons and two daughters. One of them was born in NewYork. His name is Jack. And the other is Simon, and he comes from England. His daughters’ names are Qianqian and Mikou. Qianqian is from China, and Mikou is a Japanese girl.Mr Morgan is not their real father, but he loves them very much. In his free time, they often watch TV, listen to music and talk to each other. His son Simon likes football and wants to play as well as Messi（梅西）. Jack likes basketball. Kobe(科比) is his favorite star. They often play sp orts in different clubs after school, but they walk home together after that. At weekends, the girls usually stay at home and watch TV. They sometimes help Mr Morgan with some housework because he is too old.This weekend, Mr Morgan and his children go to Disney Land in America . They drive there and see many visitors in Disney Land. A girl dressed like Snow White greets them and they talk with her in English. They all have fun.Family __76____ Father, two sons and two daughtersMr Morgan He is a happy father of _77____ childrenJack He comes from __78____Sports and__81___ Jack likes basketballSimon The other __79__ is an English boy Messi is Simon’s _82_ Qianqian A ___80___ girl The girls often watch TV andhelp their father with the___83___Mikou She comes from JapanIn their _84_ time They often watch TV, listen to music and talk to each other.This week They __85_ Disney Land . They all have fun.七、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。

语法---形容词的比较级和最高级一、形容词的比较级与最高级的概念。

大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。

形容词的原级及用法1.形容词的原级（形容词本来形式不作变化）表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较。

2.可以修饰原级的词：very，quite，enough（足够，用在形容词后），so，pretty，too，how，rather（相当），as.... as（像....一样，同级比较），not so.... as（不如，同级比较）。

例如：This ruler is as long as that one.这把尺子和那把一样长。

These flowers are very beautiful.这些花非常漂亮。

How happy we are!我们多么高兴啊！比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”。

如：He is taller than I.他比我高。

最高级表示“最……”，用于三者及三者以上之间的比较，用来说明“某人或某物在某个范围内最……”如：Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。

二、形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则。

1.规则变化：不规则变化：三、形容词比较级的用法。

1. 比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A is 比较级than B”。

e.g: 1. My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。

2. He works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。

2.表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级，A or B？”e.g: Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？3.可以修饰比较级来表示程度的词：much/a lot（....得多），a little/a bit（....一点点），even （甚至），far（远远....），any（丝毫，稍微，用于否定和疑问句中）等。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册units1-4单元语法讲解形容词、副词等级的用法原级的用法①只能修饰原级的词：very，quite ，so，too，rather。

如：He is too tired to walk on. 他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

②....................... as...as.•和一样（中间用原级）not as（so）. ..as和不一样（中间用原级）如：Tom is _________ Kate. 汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。

Tom is _____________ Kate. 汤姆的年龄是凯特的两倍。

This room is ________________ that one. 这个房间不如那个大。

比较级的用法①可以修饰比较级的词：______ ， a lot，far，_____ ，a bit，even，still 。

②...tha n... •比...如：Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

③选择疑问句中，二选一时女口：Which is________ , the earth or the moon?哪一个更大，地球还是月球？④用比较级表示最高级的意思如：The Yangtze River is longer than __________ in China. 在中国，长江比其他任何一条河都长。

⑤比较级+ and +比较级"表示越来越....... ”如：He is getting ____________ . 他变得越来越高了。

The flowers are __________________ . 花儿越来越漂亮了。

⑥“te+比较级，the +比较级"表示越...... ，就越 ... ”如：The ____________ you are， _______________ you'll make. 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。

比较级与最高级语法专讲形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。

一、形容词的原级及用法◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较2.可以修饰原级的词:very quite enough(“足够”,用在形容词后)so pretty too how rather(相当)(not) as…as (“(不)像…一样”,同级比较) not so…as (“不像…一样”,同级比较)e.g. How happy we are!我们多么兴啊！This ruler is as long as that 这把尺子和那把一样长。

(变否句)This ruler is not as/so long a that one.二、形容词比较级最高级变化①单音节词比较级在词尾加er 级加estcold —colder —coldest tall taller —tallesthigh —higher —highest long longer —longest②以字母e结尾的词只加r或—nicer —nicest late —lalatestfine —finer —finest③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再或estbig —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottestwet — wetter —wettestthin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattestsad —sadder —saddest④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i 再加er或est easy — easier —easiest early — earlier — earliestfunny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiestheavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier — dirtiest⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或mostinteresting important difficult excitied tiredcareful popular expensive boring fun⑥不规则变化little — less — leastgood / we better — bestbad / ill / badly —— worse worstmany / much —— more —mostold —— older —— oldest (年的,与than连用)old — elder —eldest(“年长的”,定语不与than连用)far —— farther —— farthest (距远)far ——further —— furthest (离外,还指程度上更进一步的)◆副词比较级和最高级的变化大致与此相同三、比较级用法1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更…2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (…得多)a lit tle = a bit (…一点点) even (甚至) far (远远…)any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中)3.比较级标志: than or4.形容词比较级句式:①A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B…)②Which/Who +be +形容词比较级,A or B?(哪个/谁更…, A 还是B？)练习写出下列句子凯特很瘦。