高考英语-高考英语一轮复习-名词学案

名词性从句A组单句语法填空1．(2020·浙江卷7月)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.解析：考查名词性从句。

根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“……的事物”，故填what。

答案：what2．(2020·天津卷)The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said.解析：考查宾语从句。

句意：这个学生完成了这个实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的变成了现实。

此处需要用what引导宾语从句。

答案：what3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.解析：考查同位语从句的引导词。

分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。

答案：that4．(2019·北京卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than________they go.解析：考查宾语从句。

在介词than 后用where 引导宾语从句，where在从句中作状语。

Noun Clauses（名词性从句）学习目标：（Learning Aims）1、通过学习，学生能够了解名词性从句的特征；2、学生能够掌握引导名词性从句的连接词的含义，并在不同语境中选择合适的连接词；3、学生能够区分名词性从句和定语从句。

Ⅰ. Discovering useful structures:请将每句中的名词性从句标上下划线，并标出连接词、体会从句所做的成分、语序、时态。

1. That fashion differs from country to country mayreflect the cultural differences from one aspect.2. It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhoodhelps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.3. What matters most in learning English is enoughpractice.4. To improve the quality of our products, weasked for suggestions whoever had used theproducts.5. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got anyidea where the party is to be held?6. We don’t know whose keys those are.7. I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which iswhy he never finish es anything.8. He is wondering when he can finish thisdifficult job.9. When do you think he will come?10. It doesn’t matter whether you turn right orleft at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.11. The teacher asked if / whether we hadfinished the experiment.12. Scientists study how human brains work tomake computers.自我归纳：（S umming-up）1. 名词性从句是指：在复合句中起_________作用的从句叫做名词性从句。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．tutor n．(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师2．cite v t.引用；引述3．messenger n．送信人；信使4．edition n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次5．culture shock文化冲击6．zone n．(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域7．comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围8．setting n．环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景9．tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的10．mature adj.成熟的11．boom v i.& n．迅速发展；繁荣12．perspective n．(思考问题的)角度；观点13．envoy n．使者；使节；代表14．outlook n．前景；可能性；观点15．belt n．腰带；地带16．initiative n．倡议；新方案Ⅱ.记重点单词1．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的2．recall v t.& v i.记起；回想起3．firm n．公司；商行；事务所adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的4．insight n．洞察力；眼光5．grasp v t.理解；领会；抓紧6．expense n．费用；花费；开销7．deny v t.否认；否定；拒绝8．gain v t.获得；赢得；取得；增加n．好处；增加9．angle n．角；角度；立场10．sincerely ad v.真诚地；诚实地11．budget n．预算12．outcome n．结果；效果Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．qualification n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→qualify v t.& v i.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的2．ambition n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的3．adaptation n．适应；改编本→adapt v t.(使)适应；改编4．comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸v t.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的5．participate v i.参加；参与→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者6．presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出→present v t.颁发；赠送；呈递n．礼物adj.现在的；出席的7．engage v i.参加；参与(活动) v t.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定8．involve v t.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与9．overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的→overwhelm v t.(常用于被动语态)使不知所措；压倒10．homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁→homesick adj.想家的；思乡的11．motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate v t.成为……的动机；激发；激励12．advisor n．(also -ser)顾问→advise v t.& v i.建议；劝告→advice n．建议；忠告13．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably ad v.有理地；合理地→reason n．原因；道理v t.& v i.推理，推断→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的14．expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect v t.预料；期望15．applicant n．申请人→apply v i.申请v t.应用；适用；涂；敷→application n．申请；申请书→app n．应用程序16．exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose v t.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)17．departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart v i.& v t.离开；启程；出发18．dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的→dramatically ad v.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地→drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件19．behave v t.表现v i.& v t.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止20．surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surround v t.包围；围绕21．depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress v t.使沮丧；使忧愁→depression n．沮丧；抑郁22．strengthen v i.& v t.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；优点23．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观主义24．competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的25．cooperate v i.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作26．logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→logically ad v.逻辑上地→logic n．逻辑(学)；道理1．independence n．独立independent adj.独立的；有主见的2．indicate v t.指示；表明3．industry n．产业4．influence n．& v t.影响5．informal adj.非正式的6．innocent adj.清白的；无辜的7．insert v t.插入8．inspect v t.检查；检验；审视Ⅳ.背核心短语1．participate in参加；参与2．speak up大声点说；明确表态3．feel at home舒服自在；不拘束4．engage in(使)从事；参与5．get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联6．cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱7．side with支持；站在……的一边8．as far as I know据我所知9．as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来10．in summary总的来说；总之11．generally speaking一般来说Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．It was the first time that she had left China.(It was the first time that＋过去完成时)这是她第一次离开中国。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．merchant n．商人；批发商adj.海上货运的2．fleet n．舰队；机群；车队3．behold v t.(beheld，beheld)看；看见4．spice n．(调味)香料5．maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的6．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛7．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑8．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会9．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的10．submersible n．潜水器；可潜船11．underwater ad v.在水下adj.水下的12．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱13．coral n．珊瑚14．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居15．directory n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录16．exploit v t.开发；利用；剥削17．gallon n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升) 18．log v t.把……载入正式记录；记录n．正式记录；日志；原木19．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．tale n．故事；叙述2．negotiate v t.商定；达成(协议) v i.谈判；磋商；协商3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的5．withdraw v t.& v i.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道7．bond n．纽带；关系v t.& v i.增强信任关系；使牢固结合8．tax v t.对……征税；使纳税n．税；税款9．meanwhile ad v.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下10．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止v t.逮捕；拘留；阻止Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．extend v t.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n．扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机2．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政治上的→politician n．政治家；政客3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；(大学的)讲师，教员4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix v t.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的5．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover v t.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖6．applaud v t.& v i.鼓掌v t.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩7．murder v t.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的9．possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess v t.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose v t.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的1．passive adj.被动的；消极的2．passport n．护照3．pattern n．式样4．plain adj.朴素的；简单的；普通的5．poisonous adj.有毒的6．portable adj.手提的；便携式的7．postpone v t.使延期8．precious adj.珍贵的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．set sail 起航；开航2．in a league of one’s own 独领风骚3．withdraw from 退出；撤回4．in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；在控制中5．search for寻找6．under the command of在……的指挥下7．in return for作为对……的回报8．for the benefit of为了……的好处9．take action采取行动10．as well as也；又；还Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(The aim is to do...)这项倡议旨在鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．jam n．果酱；堵塞2．clay n．黏土；陶土3．weed n．杂草；野草v t.& v i.除杂草4．tablet n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片5．washroom n．洗手间；厕所6．bubble v i.起泡；沸腾7．tube n．管子；管状物8．circus n．马戏团9．jaw n．颌；下巴10．hut n．简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)11．fireplace n．壁炉12．saucer n．茶碟；杯托13．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶14．pan n．平底锅；烤盘15．jar n．罐子；坛子16．grill n．烤架；烤肉餐馆17．doorway n．门口；出入口；门道18．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的n．吃剩的食物；遗留物19．handshake n．握手20．plug v t.封堵；补足n．堵塞物；插头；插座21．tune n．曲调；曲子v t.调音；调节；调频道22．contract v t.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同；契约23．cardiac adj.心脏病的；心脏的24．circuit n．巡回；环形线路25．hypothetical adj.假设的；假定的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．parcel n．包裹v t.裹好；打包2．mail n．邮件；信件；邮政v t.邮寄；发电邮给3．secondary adj.中学的；次要的4．chorus n．合唱曲；合唱团v t.合唱；齐声说5．cotton n．棉布；棉花6．uniform n．校服；制服adj.一致的；统一的7．rigid adj.死板的；固执的8．shade v t.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分9．wrinkle v t.& v i.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n．皱纹10．forehead n．额；前额11．housing n．住房；住宅12．platform n．平台；站台；舞台13．drag v t.拖；拽v t.& v i.缓慢而费力地移动14．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权15．resign v i.& v t.辞职；辞去16．lately ad v.最近；不久前；近来17．input n．情况；信息；投入；输入v t.输入18．grant v t.同意；准许n．拨款19．relay v t.转发；转播n．接力赛；接班的人20．criterion n．(pl.criteria)标准；准则；原则21．pray v i.& v t.企盼；祈祷Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．dust n．沙土；灰尘v i.& v t.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的2．rubber n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶→rub v t.& v i.擦；摩擦；揉；搓3．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的4．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v t.& v i.(使)成熟5．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable v t.使(某人)残废；使……无能6．deserve v t.值得；应得；应受→deserving adj.值得的；应得的7．consultation n．咨询；咨询会→consult v t.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问8．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不稳定的1．promote v t.促进；提升2．punctual adj.准时的；守时的3．queue n．& v i.队列；排队4．rainfall n．降雨；降雨量5．reasonable adj.合乎情理的6．reflect v t.反映；反射7．register v．登记；注册n．登记表；注册簿8．resemble v t.类似；像Ⅳ.背核心短语1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声2．not to mention 更不用说；且不说3．take...for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视4．relay to 转达给……；转发给……5．pray that 但愿6．be dying to do sth 渴望做某事7．adapt to适应8．the other day前几天9．shake hands with sb 和某人握手10．participate in参与；参加Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.(It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间)沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事2．science fiction(informal sci-fi)科幻小说(或影片等)3．bonus n．意外收获；奖金；红利4．ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的5．absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的6．nail n．指甲；趾甲；钉子v t.(用钉子)钉牢；固定7．suspend v t.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓8．ladder n．梯子；阶梯9．whereas conj.然而；但是；尽管10．rumour n．谣言；传闻11．presume v t.& v i.假定；假设12．fare n．车费；船费；飞机票价13．gramme (NAmE gram)n.克(重量单位)14．venue n．活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)15．alien n．外星人(生物)；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的16．inaction n．无行动；不采取措施17．lever n．操纵杆；杠杆18．panel n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组19．inch n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)20．grip v t.& v i.紧握；抓紧21．hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的22．puff n．(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息23．jolt n．震动；摇晃；颠簸v t.& v i.(使)震动；摇晃24．flip v t.& v i.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛25．overstatement n．夸大；夸张Ⅱ.记重点单词1．integrity n．诚实正直；完整；完好2．dignity n．庄重；庄严；尊严3．salary n．薪水；薪金4．saleswoman n．女售货员；女推销员5．dismiss v t.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除6．weekly adj.每周的n．周刊7．chairwoman n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长8．flour n．面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉9．salesman n．售货员；推销员10．superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的11．labour n．劳动(者)；体力劳动v i.奋斗；努力工作12．leather n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套13．backwards (NAmE backward)ad v.向后；倒着；往回14．niece n．侄女；外甥女15．fetch v t.(去)拿来；(去)请来16．handkerchief n．手帕；纸巾17．lamp n．灯；台灯18．pace n．速度；步伐；节奏v t.& v i.确定速度；调整节奏19．random adj.随机的；不可思议的20．maximum adj.最大极限的n．最大量；最大限度21．stun v t.使震惊；使昏迷Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．appointment n．预约；约会；委任→appoint v t.任命；委派；指定；约定2．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n．内疚；罪行；罪过3．declare v t.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．宣称；声明4．calculate v t.计算；核算；预测→calculator n．计算器→calculation n．计算5．blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur v．(使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊6．division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide v．分开；分散；分配；分享7．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动v t.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的8．explode v i.& v t.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸；(感情)爆发；激增9．mud n．泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的1．mystery n．神秘；神秘的事物2．nationwide adj.全国范围的；全国性的3．negotiate v i.谈判；商议4．neighbourhood(美neighborhood)n.四邻；邻近地区5．normal n．& adj.正常的(状态)6．nutrition n．营养；营养品7．obtain v t.得到8．occupation n．职业；占有Ⅳ.背核心短语1．test out检验；测试2．more like更像是；更接近3．on a．..basis根据；以……的方式(基准)4．pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对5．superior to比……更好；更胜一筹6．take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手7．conflict with与……冲突或抵触8．turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是9．fall away(逐渐)减少；消失10．have an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．On the second morning，Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.(whether引导的宾语从句)第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，还问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。

第1讲名词性从句[前沿最新动态]题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1．(2020·浙江卷)Over thousands of years，theybegan to depend less on what could be huntedor gathered from the wild，and more on animalsthey had raised and crops they had sown.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) While they are rare northof 88°，there is evidence that they range all theway across the Arctic, and as far south as JamesBay in Canada.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure who is morefrightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.4．(2018·浙江11月卷)It is possible thatcaffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) inhumans，too.对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，其中what与that; how，if与whether是考查的重点。

短文改错(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of arestaurant close to that I live.that→where1．从属连词与连接副词之间的错用；2．连接代词(what，which和who等)之间的错用；3．从属连词that与连接代词(尤其是what)之间的错用以及that与whether/if之间的错用；4．从属连词that的缺失或多余。

名词1．具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，表示变化了的词义时，这一抽象名词可作为可数名词。

(1)difficulty 困难；a difficulty 一件难事(2)experience 经验；an experience 一次经历(3)failure 失败；a failure 一位失败者，一件失败的事(4)knowledge 知识；a good knowledge 对……精通/熟知(5)success 成功；a success 一位成功者，一件成功的事(6)surprise 惊奇；a surprise 一件令人吃惊的事(7)honour 荣誉；an honour 一位(件)带来荣誉的人或事Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

The party last night was a success.We sang and danced until it came to an end.昨晚的晚会很成功，我们唱啊跳啊直到晚会结束。

Losing the game was a difficult experience for her.对她来说，输掉比赛是一种痛苦的经历。

2．有些物质名词可个体化为可数名词Would you like some coffee？你想喝点咖啡吗？I would like a coffee and two beers.我想要一杯咖啡和两杯啤酒。

1.(2010·济宁检测)We all hold the belief that ________2012 London Olympic Games will be ________success.A．/；a B．the；/C．the；a D．a；a解析：第一空为特指，应用定冠词the；第二空success 为抽象名词具体化，“一个成功的人或事”，应用不定冠词a，类似的词还有failure，pleasure 等。

专题三名词性从句1。

（2019·全国卷Ⅰ,61)While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic， and as far south as James Bay in Canada.答案:that 分析句子结构可知,所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。

2．(2019·江苏高考，25)Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body。

答案：that 句意：科学家已经获得了更多的证据，证明塑料正在进入人体。

分析句子结构可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，故用that引导。

3．（2018·全国卷Ⅲ，61)I’m not sure ________ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla （大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere。

答案：who 分析句子结构可知,宾语从句中缺少句子的主语，由下文“me or the female gorilla （大猩猩）"可知，作者不确定自己和大猩猩谁更害怕,故填who。

4．（2018·北京高考，11)Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now.答案：where 句意：如果没有他的支持，我们不可能有今天的地位。

结合句意可知，应用where引导该表语从句，表示抽象概念。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．airline n．航空公司2．bay n．(海或湖的)湾3．craft n．手艺；工艺；技艺4．antique n．古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的5．literally ad v.字面上；真正地6．spectacular adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演7．peak n．顶峰；山峰；尖形8．goat n．山羊9．grizzly bear n．灰熊10．drill v i.& v t.钻(孔)；打(眼) n．钻(头)；训练；演习11．mall n．(also shopping mall)购物商场；购物广场12．prairie n．北美草原13．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻v t.使蒙上霜v i.结霜14．duration n．持续时间；期间15．harbour(especially US harbor) n．(海)港；港口16．quarry n．采石场17．steel n．钢；钢铁工业18．cobblestone adj.铺有鹅卵石的19．coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．arise v i.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起2．bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会v i.跳跃3．scenery n．风景；景色4．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的5．highlight n．最好或最精彩的部分v t.突出；强调；使醒目6．anticipate v t.预料；预见；期望7．bunch n．束；串；捆8．thunder v i.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n．雷声；轰隆声9．curtain n．窗帘10．border n．国界；边界(地区)11．enrol(especially US enroll) v i.& v t.(使)加入；注册；登记12．idiom n．习语；成语13．contrary adj.相反的；相对立的n．相反的事实(或事情)14．anyhow ad v.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正15．alongside prep.在……旁边；与……一起ad v.在旁边16．proceed v i.行进；继续做17．shore n．岸；滨18．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚19．accent n．口音20．owe v t.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于，归功于21．toast n．烤面包片；吐司；干杯v t.为……干杯v t.& v i.烤(尤指面包)Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please v t.& v i.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n．快乐；乐趣2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；堆；许多；大量3．breath n．呼吸的空气→breathe v t.& v i.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的4．freeze v i.& v t.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的5．astonish v t.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶6．mist n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的7．advertisement n．(informal ad)广告；启事→advertise v i.& v t.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘8．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→photograph n．照片v i.& v t.(为……)拍照→photography n．摄影；摄影术1．invitation n．邀请；请帖2．irregular adj.不规则的3．jog v i.慢跑4．journalist n．记者；新闻工作者5．judgment n．判断力；看法；裁决6．jungle n．丛林；密林7．junior adj.初级的；年少的8．justice n．正义；公正；司法Ⅳ.背核心短语1．take sb’s breath away令人惊叹2．freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的3．a bunch of一束；一串；一群；大量4．contrary to相反的；相对立的5．proceed to sth 进而做(参加)6．owe sth to sb 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人7．a couple of几个8．be typical of是……的典型特点9．in addition to除……之外(还)10．all in all总而言之Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.(rather than而不是)她们不想一直坐商务航班旅行，而是决定先飞往温哥华，然后乘坐火车。

高考英语一轮复习语法专题：名词性从句学案考点一名词性从句的不同类型及其结构名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，它是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。

1．主语从句①That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。

②What matters most in learning English is enough practice.学习英语最重要的是足够的训练。

③It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe yourself.其他人怎么认为你，不关你的事，你尽管相信你自己。

④It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.显而易见，学生应该为他们的未来做好充分准备。

[归纳] 主语从句的结构：1连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他＋主句谓语＋其他。

2It形式主语＋主句谓语＋其他＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他。

2．宾语从句①I'm afraid (that) I can't accept your invitation.恐怕我不能接受你的邀请。

②Tom is a nice boy except that he is sometimes late for school.汤姆除了有时候上学迟到外，是个很不错的男孩。

③I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。

④I don't think that you should go abroad in the future.我认为你将来不应该出国。

2023高考英语一轮复习之名词性从句1.从句的分类：名词性从句定语从句状语从句2.名词性从句的定义和分类：定义：在句子中充当名词的从句分类：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句3.宾语从句定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

构成：主句+连接词+从句在宾语从句后的括号内打“√”，并分析宾语从句的成分。

1.Bill thinks that the races were not interesting to watch ( )2.Bill wonders whether they’ll have zongzi again next year. ( )3.They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss ( )4.He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn’t want to end up like him ( )●引导宾语从句的连接词有三类：①当宾语从句是陈述句时，由that引导，that在从句中不作任何成分，没有具体含义，可以省略。

He is a clever boy. I think.___________________________________________________.Do you know?The famous singer will come to Yantai.___________________________________________________.①当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if引导，翻译成：“是否”，不能省略。

语序为陈述语序。

Lily wanted to know. Does her grandma like the dog?__________________________________________________.She asked me. Can the boy draw a horse?__________________________________________________.①当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或疑问副词（when, where, how, why）引导，这些疑问词本身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略，语序用陈述语序。

外研版高中英语一轮复习学案必修第一册 ............................................................................................................................. - 2 - Unit 1 A new start ......................................................................................................... - 2 - Unit 2Exploring English .............................................................................................. - 14 - Unit 3Family matters .................................................................................................. - 26 - Unit 4Friends forever ................................................................................................. - 39 - Unit 5Into the wild ..................................................................................................... - 51 - Unit 6At one with nature ........................................................................................... - 62 - 必修第二册 ........................................................................................................................... - 73 - Unit 1Food for thought .............................................................................................. - 73 - Unit 2Let''s celebrate！.............................................................................................. - 87 - Unit 3On the move ..................................................................................................... - 98 - Unit 4Stage and screen ............................................................................................ - 108 - Unit 5On the road..................................................................................................... - 120 - Unit 6Earth first ........................................................................................................ - 128 - 必修第三册 ......................................................................................................................... - 142 - Unit 1Knowing me knowing you .............................................................................. - 142 - Unit 2Making a difference ........................................................................................ - 152 - Unit 3The world of science ....................................................................................... - 160 - Unit 4Amazing art .................................................................................................... - 168 - Unit 5What an adventure！..................................................................................... - 176 - Unit 6Disaster and hope ........................................................................................... - 185 - 选择性必修第一册.............................................................................................................. - 193 - Unit 1Laugh out loud！............................................................................................ - 193 - Unit 2Onwards and upwards .................................................................................... - 203 - Unit 3Faster higher stronger .................................................................................... - 214 - Unit 4Meeting the muse .......................................................................................... - 222 - Unit 5Revealing nature ............................................................................................. - 229 - Unit 6Nurturing nature ............................................................................................ - 237 - 选择性必修第二册.............................................................................................................. - 245 - Unit 1Growing up ..................................................................................................... - 245 - Unit 2Improving yourself .......................................................................................... - 255 - Unit 3Times change！.............................................................................................. - 263 - Unit 4Breaking boundaries ....................................................................................... - 271 - Unit 5 A delicate world .............................................................................................. - 282 - Unit 6Survival ........................................................................................................... - 292 - 选择性必修第三册.............................................................................................................. - 302 - Unit 1Face values ..................................................................................................... - 302 - Unit 2 A life''s work ................................................................................................... - 312 - Unit 3War and peace ................................................................................................ - 323 - Unit 4 A glimpse of the future ................................................................................... - 332 - Unit 5Learning from nature...................................................................................... - 341 - Unit 6Nature in words .............................................................................................. - 349 -选择性必修第四册.............................................................................................................. - 358 - Unit 1Looking forwards ............................................................................................ - 358 - Unit 2Lessons in life .................................................................................................. - 367 - Unit 3The world meets China ....................................................................................- 374 - Unit 4Everyday economics ....................................................................................... - 382 - Unit 5Into the unknown ........................................................................................... - 390 - Unit 6Space and beyond .......................................................................................... - 398 -必修第一册Unit 1 A new start教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1. be doing... when...I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在浇花这时有人敲门。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．narrator n．(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员2．narration n．叙述；讲述；解说3．consulate n．领事馆4．obligation n．义务；职责；责任5．sequence v t.按顺序排列n．顺序；一系列6．frown n．& v i.皱眉7．ambassador n．大使；使节；代表8．upper-class adj.上流社会的；上等阶层的9．the upper class上流社会；上等阶层Ⅱ.记重点单词1．loan n．贷款；借款2．plastic n．塑料adj.塑料制的；塑料的3．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面4．bet n．打赌；赌注(bet，bet)v i.& v t.下赌注；用……打赌v t.敢说5．spot v t.看见；注意到；发现n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹6．dare v i.& modal v．胆敢；敢于7．sort n．种类；类别8．beneath ad v.& prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下9．postpone v t.延迟；延期；延缓10．odd adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的11．nowhere ad v.无处；哪里都不12．extent n．程度；限度；大小；范围13．opera n．歌剧14．dinosaur n．恐龙15．hug v t.& v i.拥抱；抱紧16．duty n．责任；义务；职责；值班17．eventually ad v.最后；终于18．tailor n．(男装)裁缝v t.专门制作；定做19．clerk n．职员；文书；店员20．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪21．downstairs ad v.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下22．stair n．楼梯；梯级23．aside ad v.到旁边；在旁边；留；存24．indeed ad v.其实；实际上；当然；确实25．element n．要素；基本部分26．plot n．故事情节；布局；阴谋27．upper adj.上面的；上层的；靠上部的28．maintain v t.维持；保持；维修；保养29．saying n．谚语；格言；警句30．external adj.外部的；外面的；外来的Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．basis n．基础；根据；基点→base n．基础；根基；底座v．以……为基础；根据→basic adj.基础的；基本的2．apologise (also apologize) v i.道歉；谢罪→apology n．道歉3．ignore v t.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的4．judge v t.& v i.评价；评判；判断n．法官；审判员；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断5．servant n．仆人；用人→serve v．服务→service n．服务6．sail v i.& v t.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→sailing n．航行→sailor n．水手7．mining n．采矿；采矿业→mine n．煤矿→miner n．矿工8．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的n．病人→patiently ad v.有耐心地→impatiently ad v.没有耐心地9．indicate v t.& v i.表明；显示v t.象征；暗示→indication n．表明，显示；迹象10．intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的→intend v．打算；计划11．musical n．音乐剧adj.音乐的→music n．音乐→musician n．音乐家12．pursue v t.追求；致力于→pursuit n．追求；追逐13．hesitate v i.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑14．option n．可选择的事物；选择；选择权→optional adj.可选择的15．broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→broaden v．(使)变宽；(使)扩大→broadly ad v.宽广地；广泛地16．normal adj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的n．常态；通常标准；一般水平→abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的17．willing adj.愿意；乐意→willingly ad v.乐意地→unwilling adj.不愿意的；勉强的→willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿18．permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证→permit v t.& v i.允许；准许；使有可能n．执照1．decline v t.& v i.婉拒；衰落；减弱n．减少；衰退2．deliberately ad v.故意地3．delicate adj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的4．description n．描述，描写5．destination n．目的地6．dignity n．尊严；高贵7．discount n．折扣v t.认为……不重要；打折扣8．diploma n．毕业文凭；学位证书Ⅳ.背核心短语1．on the basis of在某事的基础上；根据某事2．take out a loan取得贷款3．in return作为回报；作为回应4．make a bet打个赌5．as a matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的6．by accident偶然地；意外地7．to be honest说实话；坦率地说8．ought to应该；应当9．be about to do sth 即将或正要(做某事)10．in case以防；以防万一11．to...extent到……程度；在……程度上12．on duty值班；值勤13．in a...manner以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子14．in that case既然那样；假使那样的话15．be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn’t offer her more money.(because引导的原因状语从句)王铮向陈道歉，因为他不能给她更多的钱。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像2．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律3．nursery adj.幼儿教育的n．托儿所；保育室4．nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌5．mockingbird n．嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿别种鸟的鸣叫) 6．brass n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器7．billy goat n．公山羊8．bull n．公牛9．dewdrop n．露珠；水珠10．clover n．三叶草11．butterfly n．蝴蝶12．lawn n．草坪，草地13．cinquain n．五行诗14．haiku n．俳句15．syllable n．音节16．blossom n．花朵；花簇v i.变得更加健康(或自信、成功) 17．await v t.等候；期待；将发生在18．revolve v i.旋转；环绕；转动19．core n．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿20．cherry n．樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色adj.樱桃色的；鲜红色的21．cherry blossom樱花22．verse n．诗；韵文；诗节23．civilian n．平民；老百姓24．prose n．散文25．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的26．sonnet n．十四行诗27．barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵的短诗v i.& v t.(使)押韵2．folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的3．diamond n．钻石；金刚石；菱形4．bee n．蜜蜂5．dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽6．amateur n．业余爱好者adj.业余的；业余爱好的7．mood n．情绪；心情；语气8．tease v i.& v t.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄9．format n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式v t.格式化10．delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的11．utter v t.出声；说；讲adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的12．comprehension n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习13．shelf n．(pl.shelves)架子；搁板14．blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的n．空白；空格15．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法16．era n．时代；年代；纪元17．sow v t.& v i.(sowed，sown/sowed)播种；种18．seed n．种子；起源；萌芽19．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期20．contest n．比赛；竞赛；竞争v t.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩21．polish v t.修改；润色；抛光n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮22．string n．细绳；线；一串v t.(strung，strung)悬挂；系adj.弦乐器的；线织的23．wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下ad v.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里24．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事25．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的26．prejudice n．偏见；成见v t.使怀有(或形成)偏见Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically ad v.突然地；戏剧性地；引人注目地2．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事v i.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的3．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学4．recite v t.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n．背诵；逐一叙述5．respective adj.分别的；各自的→respectively ad v.分别；各自；依次为6．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同7．innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪8．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond v i.相一致；符合；相当于；通信9．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary v i.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化10．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．竞争；种族v i.& v t.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争1．monument n．纪念碑；纪念物2．moral adj.道德上的3．motivation n．动机；动力4．motto n．箴言；格言5．mountainous adj.多山的6．mouthful n．满口；一口7．multiply v t.& v i.乘；(使)增加；繁殖8．musician n．音乐家；乐师Ⅳ.背核心短语1．be made up of 由……组成(构成)2．to the point切题3．make sense有意义；讲得通4．consist of由……组成/构成5．be popular with受……的欢迎6．in particular尤其；特别7．of one’s own 属于自己的8．pay attention to注意9．keep up with跟上，赶上10．be based on以……为基础Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(why引导的定语从句)人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。

第三讲名词和数词A组单句语法填空1．(2020·浙江卷1月)For Japan，the ________(number)are more striking—22 in 1950，46 today and 53 in 2050.解析：考查名词的单复数。

根据下文的are可知这里需要填写number的复数形式。

答案：numbers2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Filled with ________(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.解析：考查词性转换。

介词with后应使用名词。

答案：curiosity3．(2019·北京卷)No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various________(activity)on Earth Day.解析：考查名词单复数。

根据修饰语various可知用名词复数，指各种各样的活动。

答案：activities4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the auth ors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which/that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all________(cause).解析：考查名词复数。

cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，前面有all，故填cause的复数形式。

答案：causes5．(2018·浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese________(dish)is seen as especially troublesome.解析：考查名词单复数。