Stylistic features of academic writing_handouts for students

新时代研究生学术英语教程1第一单元Here is an essay with over 1,000 words on the topic "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1":In the new era of globalization and technological advancements, the acquisition of academic English proficiency has become increasingly crucial for graduate students. As they embark on their research journeys, the ability to effectively communicate their ideas, findings, and insights to an international audience has become a critical skill. The "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1" aims to equip students with the necessary tools and strategies to thrive in this dynamic academic landscape.The first unit of this course focuses on the fundamental aspects of academic writing, a cornerstone of graduate-level research and scholarship. Students will be introduced to the core elements of academic discourse, including the organization and structure of research papers, the use of appropriate language and tone, and the importance of coherence and clarity in their written communication.One of the primary objectives of this unit is to help students develop a strong foundation in the conventions of academic writing. Thisincludes understanding the purpose and structure of different sections within a research paper, such as the introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. By mastering these components, students will be better equipped to effectively convey their research objectives, contextualize their work within the existing body of knowledge, and present their findings in a logical and compelling manner.Furthermore, this unit emphasizes the significance of academic voice and tone. Graduate students are expected to adopt a formal, objective, and impersonal style in their writing, demonstrating their depth of understanding and critical thinking abilities. Through targeted exercises and feedback, students will learn to avoid common pitfalls, such as the overuse of personal pronouns, colloquial language, and emotional appeals, and instead cultivate a more academic and authoritative writing style.In addition to the structural and stylistic aspects of academic writing, this unit also addresses the fundamental principles of effective paragraph and sentence construction. Students will explore techniques for developing coherent and well-structured paragraphs, including the use of topic sentences, supporting evidence, and logical transitions. They will also delve into the nuances of sentence structure, exploring ways to vary sentence length, complexity, and rhythm to enhance the overall flow and readability of their work.One of the key focuses of this unit is the development of critical thinking and analysis skills. Graduate students are expected to engage in in-depth research, synthesize complex information, and formulate original arguments. This unit will guide students in honing these essential skills, teaching them how to critically evaluate sources, identify key themes and patterns, and construct persuasive and well-reasoned arguments.Furthermore, this unit emphasizes the importance of academic integrity and proper citation practices. Students will learn how to effectively incorporate and cite sources, ensuring that they avoid plagiarism and maintain the highest standards of scholarly ethics. They will be introduced to various citation styles, such as APA and MLA, and will practice implementing these guidelines throughout their academic writing.Another crucial aspect of this unit is the development of research skills. Graduate students are expected to be proficient in searching for, evaluating, and integrating relevant literature into their work. This unit will equip students with strategies for effectively navigating academic databases, identifying authoritative sources, and synthesizing the existing body of knowledge to support their research objectives.In addition to the core components of academic writing, this unit also addresses the importance of audience awareness and professional communication. Students will learn how to tailor their writing style and tone to specific academic or professional contexts, ensuring that their work is accessible and impactful to their intended readers. This includes strategies for effectively communicating complex ideas to both specialist and non-specialist audiences.Throughout this unit, students will have ample opportunities to apply the concepts and skills they have learned through a series of practical exercises and writing assignments. These activities will not only reinforce their understanding of academic writing but also provide valuable feedback and guidance from experienced instructors.By the end of this unit, students will have developed a comprehensive set of academic writing skills that will serve them well throughout their graduate studies and beyond. They will be equipped with the confidence and competence to effectively communicate their research, engage in scholarly discourse, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.In conclusion, the "New Era Graduate Academic English Course 1 Unit 1" is a crucial stepping stone in the academic journey ofgraduate students. By mastering the fundamental principles of academic writing, critical thinking, and research skills, students will be well-positioned to excel in their graduate programs and to make meaningful contributions to the global academic community.。

英语作文写作的风格特点English essay writing possesses several distinct stylistic features that contribute to its effectiveness and clarity. These characteristics are essential for conveying ideas persuasively and engagingly. Let's explore some of these key elements:1. Clarity and Precision:English essays prioritize clarity of expression and precision in language usage. Writers strive to convey their ideas in a straightforward manner, avoiding ambiguity and confusion. This involves choosing words carefully, structuring sentences logically, and organizing paragraphs coherently.2. Formal Tone:English essays typically maintain a formal tone throughout the writing. This tone lends credibility to theauthor's arguments and creates a sense of authority. Avoidance of colloquial language and slang is common in academic writing, contributing to the overall professionalism of the piece.3. Structured Organization:Essays are structured documents with clear introductions, body paragraphs, and conclusions. Each section serves a specific purpose: the introduction sets the stage and presents the thesis, body paragraphs provide supporting evidence and analysis, and the conclusion summarizes key points and restates the thesis. This structural organization helps readers follow the writer's train of thought and grasp the main arguments easily.4. Thesis Statement:A strong thesis statement is a hallmark of effective English essays. It succinctly summarizes the main argument or position of the essay and provides a roadmap for the reader. The thesis statement typically appears at the endof the introduction and guides the development of theentire essay.5. Use of Evidence and Examples:English essays rely on evidence and examples to support arguments and claims. Writers incorporate research, data, quotations, and anecdotes to lend credibility totheir assertions and illustrate key points. Effective use of evidence demonstrates critical thinking skills and enhances the persuasive power of the essay.6. Analytical Thinking:English essays often require analytical thinking, wherein writers critically evaluate ideas, concepts, or texts. This involves examining multiple perspectives, identifying underlying assumptions, and drawing logical conclusions based on evidence. Analytical essays go beyond mere description or summary and delve into deeper analysis and interpretation.7. Coherence and Cohesion:Coherence refers to the logical flow of ideas within an essay, while cohesion refers to the connections between sentences and paragraphs. English essays maintain coherence by organizing information logically and using transitional devices to link ideas smoothly. This ensures that readers can follow the progression of arguments without gettinglost or confused.8. Conciseness and Economy of Language:English essays value conciseness and economy of language, avoiding unnecessary repetition or verbosity. Writers strive to convey their ideas succinctly and efficiently, using clear and precise language to maximize impact. This requires careful editing and revision to eliminate redundant phrases and streamline the writing.In conclusion, English essays exhibit a distinctive style characterized by clarity, formality, structured organization, analytical thinking, and effective use ofevidence. By adhering to these stylistic features, writers can craft compelling and persuasive essays that engage readers and convey their ideas with clarity and precision.。

英文的文字的特点英文作文【中英文实用版】The beauty of the English language lies in its rich tapestry of words, phrases, and unique characteristics. From the elegance of Shakespearean sonnets to the concise precision of scientific terminology, English offers a wide array of tools for expression. One notable feature is its adaptability, borrowing freely from other languages, which adds to its lexical diversity.英语的魅力在于其词汇、短语和独特特点所构成的丰富多彩的画卷。

从莎士比亚十四行诗的优雅到科学术语的精确简练，英语为表达提供了广泛的工具。

其中一个显著特点是它的适应性，英语自由地借鉴其他语言，这为其词汇的多样性增添了色彩。

Flexibility is a key aspect of English writing, allowing for the construction of intricate sentences that can convey complex ideas with ease. The use of passive voice, for instance, enables the writer to shift the focus from the doer of the action to the action itself, creating a subtle yet powerful effect on the narrative.灵活性是英文写作的一个关键方面，它使得构建复杂句成为可能，轻松传达复杂思想。

关于模仿别人的英语作文雅思Imitation is often seen as the sincerest form of flattery, but when it comes to academic writing, especially in the context of IELTS, it can be a double-edged sword. While it is beneficial to learn from others' writing styles and structures, it is crucial to develop a unique voice that reflects one's own ideas and personality.The art of mimicking another's writing style in English composition for IELTS involves a delicate balance. On one hand, it requires the writer to closely analyze and understand the techniques used by proficient English writers. This includes a deep appreciation of vocabulary choices, sentence structures, and the rhythm of the language. On the other hand, it necessitates the infusion of the writer's original thoughts and perspectives to avoid the pitfalls of plagiarism.A well-crafted essay begins with a clear understanding of the topic at hand. It delves into the subject matter with precision, using vivid and concise language to convey complex ideas. The flow of the essay should be seamless, with each sentence logically leading to the next, ensuring that the reader is engaged and the narrative is coherent.In constructing an essay, it is important to draw upon a rich lexicon that is both varied and appropriate to the context. The use of synonyms, for instance, can enhance the text by avoiding repetition and adding depth to the discussion. However, the choice of words must always serve the purpose of clarity and comprehension.The structure of the essay should be invisible yet intuitive, guiding the reader through the argument without drawing attention to itself. Transitional phrases are the threads that weave the fabric of the essay together, but they should be used judiciously to maintain a natural flow.To emulate another's writing effectively, one must first internalize the essence of their style. This involves extensive reading and analysis, followed by practice in writing. It is through this iterative process that one can begin to adopt certain stylistic elements while still retaining a personal touch.In conclusion, the process of imitating another's English composition for IELTS is a nuanced endeavor. It requires a careful blend of observation, learning, and innovation. By studying the work of accomplished writers and practicing the craft of writing, one can develop a style that is both reflective of influential writers and distinctly their own. This not only ensures the integrity of the academic exercise but also contributes to the richness of the literary tapestry. 。

英语知识摘要中国译与学的尴尬由来已久。

原因不外：1 ，译品芜滥恶质化2 ，译学研究教条化，旷日持久满足于对脱胎中古译经的晚清翻译标准“信、达、雅”浅表，没完没了的语义转换（忠实/ 通顺）。

对“信、达、雅”认识论基础的浅陋，落后的揭露，及方法论的无效，虚妄的批判是中国译界走出困境的必由之路。

西方译学研究已超越语文学及结构语言学阶段，进入多元化时代。

中国译界的进步则取决于已朦胧浮现在地平线上，和严复“信、达、雅”的一场激烈的思想交锋和实质性对话。

一切从理性/ 经验/ 现实/ 语境出发，考察“信、达、雅”的形成，渊源、流变、僵化过程, 则是这一对话成功的真正前提。

The influx of foreign ideas into China began with the translation of religious tracts from India in the early Han Dynasty. The second wave of Chinese translating was ushered in Pre-Opium War, with emphasis initially again on religion before shifting to a diversity of texts, science and technology, the commercials ,the humanities ,etc. Throughout the history of Chinese translation, Yan Fu has been a central figure not only in pioneering a new direction in china's effort to understand the outside world through translation and writing as a publicist. His adaptation of ancient Buddhist translators' theories into a threefold criteria (fidelity ,fluency, elegance) remains a quasi-ideology for modern Chinese practitioners and theorists. Although exalting the supremacy of the originals. Yan seldom lived up to his own creed. On the contrary, aware of many a pitfall in the syntactical differences between Chinese and English, Yan came out with renditions nothing short of summations or evenparaphrasings in idiomatic classical Chinese, .nevertheless, believed to be more in tune with the spirit and quintessence of the originals . However, such glaring gap between theory and practice( an ultra conservatist theorist and an arch –revolutionary- practitioner, has escaped the academic attention or simply been downplayed into oblivion. The ideological import inherent in the notion of fidelity has nurtured the superficial orientation towards formal equivalence( mechanical matching of TL and SL linguistic and stylistic features in isolation),Whereas the time-honored but sterile free/literal debate breeds an infinity of categorization of small practical tricks Now, thanks to work being done in the world of translation studies in the west, insights from western counterparts have advanced our understanding of the impasse in which we are landed in ,due to the canonization of Yan's criteria .We are set a major problem .We are challenged to explore the epistemological na?vety and methodological irrelevance ,mostly ideologically and culturally based, bedevilling Chinese translation The way is open for a fruitful cohering of multiple perceptions, the social ,the historical, the cultural, the empirical.. on translation.It is my hope, that this balanced critique of Yan's legacy will in a small measure, move us a good way beyond the present stage of stagnation翻译史回顾及问题的提出学界一般公认中国文化与域外文化第一次发生联系，应始于起自汉魏，盛于隋唐，续至宋元的印度佛教文化东传（佛经翻译）。

英语作文逻辑顺序词大学Title: The Role of Logic Sequence Words in Academic Writing。

In the realm of academic writing, where clarity and coherence reign supreme, the judicious use of logical sequence words is paramount. These transitional devices serve as the glue that binds ideas together, facilitating smooth progression and enhancing the overall structure of essays, research papers, and dissertations. This essay delves into the significance of logic sequence words in academic discourse, exploring their various types, functions, and exemplary usage.To commence, it is imperative to elucidate the pivotal role that logic sequence words play in forging cohesive narratives and arguments. Essentially, these words act as signposts, guiding readers through the intricate terrain of scholarly discourse. Whether delineating cause-and-effect relationships, delineating chronological events, orestablishing contrasts, logic sequence words imbue writing with clarity and logical progression. Without them, texts would appear disjointed, impeding comprehension anddiluting the persuasiveness of the author's message.First and foremost, logic sequence words serve to articulate the sequential order of events or ideas. Words such as "firstly," "secondly," and "finally" furnishwriters with a structured framework for presenting their arguments. By employing such words, writers can delineate a clear progression of thought, enabling readers to follow the logical trajectory of the discourse effortlessly. For instance, in a historical analysis, the use of sequence words like "initially," "subsequently," and "ultimately" can elucidate the evolution of events over time, thereby enhancing the reader's understanding of historical processes.Moreover, logic sequence words facilitate the establishment of causal relationships between different phenomena. Phrases like "as a result," "consequently," and "therefore" signal to readers that one idea logicallyfollows from another, thereby reinforcing the coherence of the argument. In scientific research papers, for instance, the use of causal sequence words is indispensable for elucidating the implications of experimental findings and theoretical constructs. By employing such words judiciously, researchers can underscore the significance of their discoveries and advance coherent explanations for observed phenomena.Furthermore, logic sequence words play a crucial rolein contrasting divergent viewpoints or propositions. Terms like "however," "on the contrary," and "nevertheless"enable writers to introduce counterarguments or alternative perspectives, thereby enriching the complexity of their analyses. In academic debates or critical essays, the strategic deployment of contrastive sequence words allows writers to acknowledge opposing viewpoints whilereinforcing the validity of their own arguments. Consequently, readers are exposed to a nuancedunderstanding of the subject matter, fostering intellectual engagement and critical thinking.In addition to their functional utility, logic sequence words contribute to the aesthetic quality of academicwriting by endowing it with elegance and fluency. Throughthe seamless integration of transitional phrases and clauses, writers can create a rhythmic cadence that enhances the readability and appeal of their prose. By varying the placement and frequency of logic sequence words, writers can modulate the pace and tone of their writing, thereby sustaining the reader's interest and attention. Thus, far from being mere functional devices, logic sequence words serve as stylistic embellishments that elevate the sophistication of academic discourse.However, it is imperative to exercise caution when employing logic sequence words, lest their overuse ormisuse detract from the clarity and coherence of the writing. Excessive repetition of transitional phrases can render prose verbose and cumbersome, impeding rather than enhancing readability. Likewise, improper placement oflogic sequence words can disrupt the flow of the narrative, causing confusion or ambiguity. Hence, writers must strikea delicate balance between coherence and conciseness,employing logic sequence words judiciously to augment the clarity and persuasiveness of their arguments.In conclusion, logic sequence words constitute the linchpin of academic writing, facilitating the seamless flow of ideas and arguments. Whether delineating sequential order, elucidating causal relationships, or contrasting divergent viewpoints, these transitional devices imbue writing with coherence, clarity, and elegance. By mastering the art of employing logic sequence words effectively, writers can enhance the persuasiveness and impact of their scholarly discourse, fostering intellectual engagement and advancing knowledge in their respective fields.Through a meticulous examination of the various types, functions, and exemplary usage of logic sequence words, it becomes evident that these linguistic devices are indispensable tools for navigating the complex terrain of academic discourse. As scholars and researchers continue to grapple with multifaceted questions and phenomena, the judicious use of logic sequence words will remain paramount in elucidating, organizing, and communicating knowledgeeffectively. Thus, far from being mere stylistic embellishments, logic sequence words are foundational pillars upon which the edifice of academic writing rests.。

Academic Writing Skills.au/tldinfo/writingskills/podcasts/nursingwritingskills09.pptgenre: a style of expressingyourself in writingWhether you’re a studentsor supervisors, academic writing skills are significant in today’sworld.EssaysReports PresentationsResearch papers Final thesisare just some examples ofdocuments written in the academic style.an analytic or interpretive literary compositionAcademic writing, when used appropriately, presents a polished and professional image.Academic writing skillsencompass:¾strong composition ¾excellent grammar¾a consistent stylistic approach[in'k ʌmp əs]include in scope [stai'listik]perfected or made shiny and smoothof or relating to style(especially in the use oflanguage) It is a learnt skill, rather thana natural ability or quality.2. What is academic writing?Academic writing refers to a particular styleof expression in academia.3. Features of Academic WritingAcademic writing in English is linear, which means it has onecentral point or theme with every part contributing to the main lineof argument, without digressions or repetitions . [dai'gre ʃən]a message that departs from the main subject[.repi'ti ʃən]ComplexityWritten language is relatively more complex than spoken language.FormalityAcademic writing is relativelyformal. In general this means that you should avoid colloquial words.PrecisionIn academic writing, facts andfigures are given precisely .ObjectivityWritten language is in generalobjective. Academic writing tends to use nouns (and adjectives), rather than verbs (and adverbs).Exp’licitnessAcademic writing is explicit about the relationships in the text.AccuracyAcademic writing uses vocabulary accurately.HedgingIn academic writing, it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular subject.ResponsibilityIn academic writing you must be responsible for, and must be able to provide evidence and justification for, any claims you make.[k ə’l əʊkwi:əl] [pri’si ʒən] [pr ɪ’sa ɪsli] [,ɔbd ʒek’tiv əti] Attitude or feeling Characteristics includeEmploying the formal academic style, avoiding jargon , slang , andabbreviations a way of regarding situationsor topics etc.：position , view[p ə'spektiv]Synonyms [t əun]a characteristic language of a particular groupinformal language consisting of words and expressionsA formal toneUse of the third-person rather than first-person perspective Clear focus on the issue or topic rather than the author’s opinion Precise word choiceinvestigate conduct examine verify demonstrate eliminateCharacteristics of informal writingz the use ofcolloquialisms andjargonz writing in the first person viewz making “I”statements, making direct personal statements, andimprecise word choices.[k ə’l əukwi əliz(ə)m] slang, dialect[.impri'sais]characteristic of informal spokenlanguage or conversationJust as you probably would wear shorts and flip-flops to a wedding, there’s a time and a place for informalwriting . Informal writing is fine for diary entries, blogs, personal writing, letters or emails to close friends.The most informal writingimaginable is:z the text message, full of abbreviations such as “R U here ?”toconvey quick questions and responses. z In comparison, the most formal writing of all can be found in legal documents .[i'mæd ʒin əbl][‘pai ərit]someone who uses another person's work or ideas as if they were his own‘plagiarism Writers working on papersfor school, college application essays , scientific papers,research papers , international conference presentations , and business proposals generally employ a more formal style akin to donning a suit or dressto attend a wedding.[ə'kin]similar or related in quality or characterput clothing on one's body['d ɔni ŋ]4. Tips on academic writing ExamplesInformal writing :I think he ’s a loser .Formal writing :Macbeth’s horrific choices cause him to lose everything he holds dear :children, wife, friends, crown and king.frightening colon [ 'k əʊl ən]？The first statement is informal. The writer speaks in the first person , using the word “I”, and states an opinion . The slang term “loser ”, is used, which is inappropriate in a formal context. They also uses the contraction “he’s ”. If this were in the middle of a paragraph, it may be easier to understand towhom the author is referring.Taken as a simple statement, however, it’simpossible to know whether the writer thinks his best friend, hisdog, or a rock star is a loser !The second example uses an academic, formal style . Written in the third-person view , the sentence omits references to the writer and focuses on the issue. Strong, specific adjectives like “horrific ”convey the author’s view clearly without resorting to slang . The use of the colon creates a strong, formal feeling when properly usedhere to introduce a list .[ 'k əʊl ən]Where’s the resource ??•Library•On-line•Data bases (turn on remote access)•Lectures•Text books•Tutorials•News•Newspapers•Everywhere!!!5. Referencing and plagiarismMost plagiarism is acci’dental; either the result of not understanding what actually amounts to plagiarism, or of being poorly organized, so that we use the ideas of others without realizing that’s what we have done.Whenever the author has given somethingdistinctive to the information or its organization,cite the source.Anything that is common knowledge you need not cite: in other words, anything that is not distinctiveof a particular author.distinguishing /skills4study/studyskills/reading/referencing.aspunintendedWhat is plagiarism?Copying ofpassages/text/work/ideas/data without aproperacknowledgement ofthe author. Thisincludes otherstudents’work.['pleidʒiərizəm]Getting started•Find your time•Find your space•Discipline, self & others•Brain storming, clustering, mind mapping•Free writingtry to solve a problemby thinking intensely about it6. Practice makes perfectIntroduction•What is the question?•Global view from the broad to the narrow •Introduce the :•Who•What•When •Where •Why •How 5W+HThe topic•Why is it being asked?•Is it multi layered?•Does it invite a largely factual response?•Is it looking for a particular stance such asargue or cri’tique?[stæns] positionposturereview, assessment, commentLiterature•Is it current?•Is the author a credible source?•Is the subject relevant?•Clustering•References/endnoteBeginning•A quotation –is it relevant•A question•An opinion•An interesting fact•An irony or paradox•An a’nalogy•And anecdote['ænikdəut]story, narrative(especially a biographical one)[‘aiərəni[‘pærədɔks][ə’nælədʒi](logic) a statementthat contradicts itselfirony witty language富于机智的,诙谐的similarityBodyYour paragraphs should flow naturally into oneanother andconnections shouldbe made.Paragraphs•7-8 sentences•Each should be topic specific, preferably with an introductory sentence•Each sentence states the content/context and then some supporting example which is where the references come in.•The last sentence concludes the paragraph and forwards to the next.Transitional words•Joining words»Also, and, again, etc•Comparing words»Also, in comparison•Contracting words»Although, but, conversely, despite, even though, however•Positioning words»Above, adjacent to, below•Situation words»Before, briefly, consequently, finally, first[træn'zi ʃən əl]Conclusions•Don’t introduce anything new •Draw in the introduction •Demonstrate a conclusion•Give the essay a sense of completeness •Leave a final impression7. A comparison between non-academicand academic writingRevision1.Is writing skills vital for students ofscience and technology ?2. What is academic writing?3. Features of Academic Writing4. Tips on academic writing5. Referencing and plagiarism6. Practice makes perfect7. A comparison between non-academicand academic writing。

2016级国际会议交流期末复习题Part 1. multiple choice1) If there are more than ______ persons coming together, talking and discussing, the event can be called a meeting.A. fiveB. twoC. threeD. six2) Paper Submission Information of a conference is instructive and informative, including information on: ______, full test, and mode presentation.A. abstractB. titleC. topicD. keywords3) Before a conference, the possible contact persons are usually the ______, the chairperson, leading figures of the committees concerned, and the like.A. other participantsB. audienceC. expertsD. secretary-general4) If an invitation cannot be accepted due to certain reasons, a letter of ______should be sent to the inviter.A. invitationB. inquiryC. declinationD. apology5) Since conferences have channels for raising funds for operation, participants maybe have the opportunity of applying for financial assistance from the ______.A. conferenceB. committeeC. universityD. society6) Conference paper writing belongs to ______ writing, following the stylistic features of professional papers.A. non-specialistB. professionalC. regularD. informal7) The title of a paper should be concise. Generally, a title is supposed to be no more than ______ words.A. 20B. 25C. 10D. 158) An abstract is a succinct _____ of a longer piece of work, usually academic in nature.A. inductionB. deductionC. summaryD. debate9) The keywords of a conference paper should be carefully chosen, making sure that they match the _____ of the conference.A. structureB.venueC. organizerD. theme10) A(n) _____, or indicative, abstract usually states the general subject matter of the document that follows. It. Tells in an all-round way what the paper or report contains.A. informativeB. descriptiveC. informative-descriptiveD. instructive11) One of the core elements of an abstract is the principal _____ of a paper or research.A. wordsB. conclusionC. authorD. grant12) A topic sentence always goes straightforward to the subject or the problem and indicates the primary _____ of the paper.A. subjectsB. objectsC. subjectivesD. objectives13) The Latin word “et cetera”, abbreviated as “etc.” means _____ in English.A. aboutB. namelyC. and so forthD. and others14) A _____ may function as reference for citation, emphasis or special meaning.A. dashB. commaC. dotD. quotation mark15) Which of the following is not the proper way of ending a speech?A. Direct wind-upB. Brief summaryC. Showing greetingsD. Solicitation of comments16) With expressions l ike “since 1978” or “at the beginning of this month”, we are using _____sequence.A. ChronologicalB. PersonalC. SpatialD. Conception17) When we develop a speech “from concrete to abstract”, we are using the way of ____.A. DeductionB. InductionC. NarrationD. Explanation18) When giving expressions like “nearly 500” or “over 33 percent” or “something like”, we are using ______words.A. CrazyB. FuzzyC. LazyD. Dizzy19) Which of the following is not the features of on-the-spot question?A. ExtensivenessB. UnpredictabilityC. TimelinessD. Productivity20) By saying “I don’t quite understand what you really mean by saying... Can you explain it again?” We are asking __________.A. Questions for clarifying problemsB. Questions for showing special interestC. Questions for raising different opinionsD. Questions for challenging21) ______ is a kind of formal meeting, often lasting for a few days. It is organized on a particular subject to bring together people who have a common interest.A. ConferenceB. ForumC. SeminarD. Workshop22) The ______information usually includes the number of participants, the requirements for attendees, the conference VIPs and other persons the participant may specially want to meet and talk with.A. organizationsB. committeeC. sectariesD. participants23) Among various kinds of correspondence channels available, ______still remains essential and effective.A. messageB. letter writingC. phone callD. notes24) In order to get information about a conference, or to find out areas of interest, the potential participant may write a letter of ______.A. inquiryB. invitationC. declinationD. apology25) Generally speaking, a letter of application for financial aid should include the name of the meeting, the special reasons for application, and the specific ______.A. amountB. requestsC. contentD. address26) The writer of informal writing will use an informal tone, colloquial language. And usually the ______person is employed, as in letters, diaries, stories, etc.A. secondB. thirdC. firstD. last27) The number of keywords of a conference paper is limited. ______keywords are average. In general, there should be at least two and at most ten.A. 4-6B. 2-5C. 3-7D. 4-828) The _____ sentence is usually followed by a few supporting sentences which further specify the subject to be presented.A. debateB. argumentC. conclusionD. topic29) A(n) _____, or informational, abstract highlights the method and findings briefly but quantitatively.A. destructiveB. informativeC. informative-descriptiveD. instructive30) The Latin word “et cetera”, abbreviated as “etc.” means _____ in English.A. aboutB. namelyC. and so forthD. and others31)The keywords of a conference paper should be carefully chosen, making sure that they match the _____ of the conference.A. structureB.venueC. organizerD. theme32) A _____ is usually used for supplementation or explanation of what is mentioned previously.A. dashB. commaC. dotD. quotation mark33) _____ abbreviations are frequently used in scientific writing for international readers.A. FrenchB. LatinC. ChineseD. Greek34) One of the core elements of an abstract is the principal _____ of a paper or research.A. wordsB. conclusionC. authorD. grant35) Which of the following is not the general techniques for answering questions?A. Listing to questions carefully.B. Showing indifference to some questionsC. Judging questions correctly.D. Answering questions partially.36) Statement like “I ’m so sorry to say that the remarks in your question should be regarded as less than friendly” may be answer to __________.A. Ordinary questionsB. Noncommittal questionsC. Rebuking questionsD. Questions of disagreement37) Which of the following is not the causes for avoiding direct answers?A. Limitation of authorizationB. Lack of certain knowledgeC. Language barriersD. Being not in the mood38)When giving expressions like “nearly 500” or “over 33 percent” or “something like”, we are using ______words.A. CrazyB. FuzzyC. LazyD. Dizzy39) Which of the following is not the features of on-the-spot question?A. ExtensivenessB. UnpredictabilityC. TimelinessD. Productivity40) By saying “I don’t quite understand what you really mean by saying... Can you explain it again?” We are a sking __________.A. Questions for clarifying problemsB. Questions for showing special interestC. Questions for raising different opinionsD. Questions for challenging答案：1-5：BADCA 6-10:BDCDB 11-15:BDCDC 16-20: ABBDA21-25：ADBAB 26-30:CADBC 31-35: DABBB 36-40: CDBDAPart II. Match the words or expressions with their equivalence.参考答案：41-45 B D A F C 46-50 E N L O K 51-55 M G H I J 56-62. VUTSRQPPart three. True or false1.Meetings only include conference, symposium, convention, forum, seminar, workshop and colloquium.( )2.General assembly is usually attended by all the meeting participants and sometimes by government officialsas well as reporters. ( )3. A complete formal letter is usually composed of six parts: return address (addressor), inside address(addressee ), salutation , body, close, and signature. ( )4.The format of the letter or e-mail to important people involved in the conference is relativelyrigid, but the style in general is informal. ( )5. The title of a professional paper should be brief , concise, specific, unified, and standard. ( )6. Keywords have the following linguistic features: more nouns, limited numbers and designated choice.( )7. Abstracts can be classified into three categories: descriptive, informative, and informative-descriptive.( )8. Generally, the only way to express the chemical substances in English is reading the individual alphabet letterand number. ( )9. The abbreviation i.e. means “that is to say”. ( )10. If you are preparing a speech at a conference, you need to plan delivery, paraphrase key points, consider theaudience and practice aloud. ( )11. If a speech is to communicate a speaker’s thoughts to an audience, it is better to meet the followingrequirements: to be easy to comprehend, to be complete and balanced, and to be considerate to audience.( )12. When greeting the participants of a meeting and expressing your thanks to the chairperson, you should tryyour best to show your effusiveness and compliments to establish goodwill. ( )13. Approaches to ending a speech include direct wind-up, brief summary and solicitation of comments.( )14. You can develop a speech in chronological sequence, or according to spatial relation, or by induction or bydeduction.. ( )15. In oral presentation, we can only use accurate words or expressions to avoid misunderstanding. ( )16. At a conference, to fill the silence caused at the time of a long break, we may adopt the following approaches:talking something unimportant, or repeating the main point which has been covered previously. ( )17. On-the-spot questions have the following features: extensiveness, predictability, and timeliness. ( )18. In a discussion session, the question-raisers are usually outsiders of the field. They are not familiar with thepresentation content. ( )19. In order to effectively answer the questions raised at a discussion session, you need to listen to the questionscarefully, and judge the questions correctly, and sometimes, you can copy the original questions pattern or even repeat the related content from the previous presentation. ( )20. All questions raised at a discussion session should be clearly and directly answered. ( )21. S y m p o s i u m is a kind of formal meeting, often lasting for a few days. It is organized on a particular subject to bring together people who have a common interest. At a conference, formal discussions usually take place. ( ) 22. Whether or not the invitation is accepted, the invitee should not give a timely response, so that the inviter can go on with further arrangement. ( )23. Consultative tone is hard to define because there are some discipline-specific differences. Each consultative discipline has its own conventions. ( )24. The format of a conference paper is generally conference-specific and must be in conformity with the standard set forth by the specific conference. ( )25. Since revision is tedious, it is necessary to stress that the final manuscript is to be covered from the beginning to the end to make sure that the changes made do not call for additional modifications anymore. ( )26. An abstract is a shortened version of the paper and only contains the significance of the results for the reader to determine. ( )27. The integrity of an abstract should include research theories, research methods, investigations, experimental results and conclusions. ( )28. Manuscript reading prior to a conference is actually building a bridge over the gap between written text and oral presentation, which links the skills of writing and speaking together and shows the presenter's overall language proficiency. ( )29. In reading, punctuation marks such as parentheses/brackets, comma, quotation marks, dash, dots, slant and so on are demonstrated by printed symbols which may not cause any misunderstanding. ( )30. Various formulas, such as mathematical expressions, chemical formulas and other equations, are considered as one of the most difficult points in the practical reading of professional papers. ( )31. An organizational pattern is inappropriate supporting forms and insufficient supporting materials. ( )32. Four general criteria in preparing a speech are: Easy to Comprehend; Complete and balanced; Considerate to Audience and Coherent and organic. ( )33. Apologetic beginnings are usually adopted in a Chinese cultural context though there are some changes nowadays. ( )34. Highlighting the main points can remind the audience of asking questions about procedures or ideas that they do not fully understand or that they are specially interested in. ( )35. A speaker should not adjust the volume of his/her voice in accordance with the degree of the audience's familiarity and interest in the subject, as well as the acoustic effect of the conference hall. ( )36. To develop a speech on the basis of experimental procedures can either help the speaker explain step by step the ides or enable the listeners to receive the information in an orderly way. ( )37. Deduction mains the speaker provides the supporting material first, and then generalizes and draws a conclusion. ( )38. Fuzzy expressions can help to round off complicated numbers, if they are not very significant in the context of the discussion. ( )39. Since questioners are usually those who have attended the speech session of a speaker, they have obtained a rather comprehensive understanding of the content. Therefore, questions by such questioners are usually in-depth, of narrower range, and difficult. ( )40. When the speaker intends to point out the mistakes of the questioner or contradict his / her idea, euphemistic style is particularly necessary. ( )本部分参考答案：1 -5 F T T F T 6-10 T T F T T 11-15 T F T T F 16-20 T F F T F21—25 FFFTT 26—30 FTTFT 31—35 FTTTF 36—40 T F T F TPart four（根据括号中的要求完成任务）1）All text is aligned to the left margin, double spaced between paragraphs in the body. (According to international practice, there are two styles in letter writing. Tell what style is it according to the description.)2) 0< x < 1(express the formula in English)3) circumference (put it into English)4) It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: objective observation and description of some phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, theverification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity. (divide sense groups)5) A class-like meeting, where participants discuss a particular topic or subject that is presented by several major speakers. In American universities, the term refers to a course of intense study relating to the students’ major. (what kind of meeting is it?)6) Nowadays, many speakers take advantage of audiovisual aids at a conference (list at least three kinds of audiovisual aids)7) The battery output power was 0.9733 mW (use fuzzy words to replace the specific figure).Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, the title of my presentation is …(point out the approach to opening a speech taken here).9)…Here, Xm represents the magnetic-susceptibility. Now let’s assume Xm to be constant, then the following formula can be obtained easily…(point out the measure adopted here to simplify long term)10) For the time being, I will just answer your question like this…(point out the strategy adopted here for avoidance in Q & A session)11 )A. closing ceremony B. welcome speeches by government officials and organizers C. opening ceremony D. general speeches given by distinguished guests or outstanding experts (Arrange the order of the major activities at a general assembly)12) Summarize the general functions of the title of a professional paper.13) A. It tells in an all-round way what the paper or report contains.B. Instead of indicating the general content, it should be specific and quantitative, giving only essential data. (Which is the feature of informative abstract?)14) (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇ (express the formula in English)15) … in other words, the a verage variation of△H illustrated in Fig. 4 by heavy lines agrees well with the change of exospheric temperature which is the equation of No. 5 even though the diurnal behavior of △H on an individual day is controlled not only by the change of exospheric temperature but also by all kinds of exospheric disturbances taking place at any height. (divide sense groups) 16) If a speech is to communicate a speaker’s thoughts to an audience, it is better to meet some requirements (write down the three requirements specifically).17)…That’s all. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you all. (point out the approach to ending a speech taken here)18) To facilitate our illustration, I only say a few words about the first line, the middle line, and the last line on this spectrum. For the first line, the peak in the middle is the quartet peak of CH2, the left one is the single peak of C6H5, while the right one is the triplet peak of CH3 and the TMS peak at the extremely right side (point out the approach to developing a speech taken here).19) I don’t quite understand what you really mean by saying “all these phenomena are interrelated”.Can you explain it again? (point out the type of question raised here in Q & A session)20) Mr. Chairman, just now a gentleman in the back row asked me a question, but I didn’t quite understand what it was. Could you explain it to me? (point out the strategy adopted here for avoidance in Q & A session)本部分参考答案：1) block style2) Zero is less than x, and x is less than one3) 圆周4) It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: // objective observation and description of some phenomena,// the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed // and possible relationships among them,// the use of these to predict future events, // the verification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, //the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity.5) Seminar6) overhead projectors, lantern slides, videotapes, recordings…… (list 3 of them will be enough)7) The battery output power was something like 1 mW.8) Begin by straightforwardness.9) Use symbols.10) Temporarily tabled.11) CBDA12) generalizing the text; attracting the reader; facilitating the retrieval13) B14) open bracket N H four close bracket twice C r two seven15) … in other words, // the average variation of△H // illustrated in Fig. 4 by heavy lines // agrees well with the change of exospheric temperature // which is the equation of No. 5 // even though the diurnal behavior of △H // on an individual day // is controlled not only by the change of exospheric temperature // but also by all kinds of exospheric disturbances // taking place at any height.16). Be easy to comprehend; be complete and balanced; be considerate to audience.17). Direct wind-up.18) Develop a speech according to spatial relation19). Question for clarifying problems.20). Attention-shifting.Part 5. AbstractDirection: Find the likely mistakes and common errors in the abstract writing and polish the abstract. （考查写摘要的能力。

stylistics文体学英文定义Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of style in language. It is concerned with the analysis and interpretation of the linguistic features that contribute to the distinctive character of a text or a speaker's language use. Stylistics examines how language is used in different contexts and for different purposes, and how these choices can convey meaning and create particular effects.The study of stylistics involves the examination of various linguistic elements, such as vocabulary, grammar, syntax, and rhetoric, and how they are used to create a particular style or tone. Stylistics also considers the role of context, including the social, cultural, and historical factors that influence language use.One of the key aspects of stylistics is the concept of foregrounding, which refers to the use of linguistic features that draw attention to themselves and create a sense of prominence or emphasis. This can be achieved through the use of unusual or unexpected language, such as metaphors, alliteration, or unusual sentence structures.Stylistics also considers the relationship between form and content, and how the way language is used can shape the meaning andimpact of a text. For example, the use of formal or informal language, the choice of vocabulary, and the structure of sentences can all contribute to the overall tone and effect of a piece of writing.Another important aspect of stylistics is the analysis of literary texts, where the focus is on the distinctive linguistic features that contribute to the style and meaning of a work of literature. This can include the examination of narrative techniques, such as point of view and characterization, as well as the use of figurative language, symbolism, and other literary devices.Stylistics can also be applied to other forms of communication, such as speech, advertising, and political discourse. In these contexts, the analysis of style can reveal insights into the speaker's or writer's intentions, the target audience, and the broader cultural and social context in which the language is being used.One of the key challenges in the study of stylistics is the need to balance the objective analysis of linguistic features with the subjective interpretation of their meaning and effect. Stylistic analysis often requires a deep understanding of language, as well as a keen eye for detail and a willingness to engage with the nuances and complexities of language use.Despite these challenges, the study of stylistics remains an importantand influential field within linguistics. By examining the ways in which language is used to create meaning and effect, stylistics can provide valuable insights into the nature of language and communication, and can contribute to a deeper understanding of the human experience.。

Cultural Differences Reflected in Chinese and American TV Talk Shows对于高中生英语学习感知风格的调查研究Effects of First Person Narration on Thematic Expression in Araby论《紫色》的叙事现代性分析金融英语术语的语言特点及翻译英语专业本科毕业论文摘要的体裁分析中美时间观文化对比研究英汉视觉动词概念隐喻的对比研究多媒体在高中英语教学中的应用研究译前准备对交替传译效果的影响The Problems in English and Chinese Trademark Translation and Relevant Countermeasures Comparative Studies on Metaphors with Animal Images in Chinese and English从欧•亨利笔下的小人物探寻人生的真正价值报刊广告英语的文体特色分析广告英语的语言特色英语新闻标题的汉译方法——以英国《金融时报》中文网为例西方饮食文化对中国饮食的影响CBI理论诠释及在英语教学中的应用论《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》的悲剧成因The Joy Luck Club :Chinese Mothers’American Dreams Lost and Regained女性主义视域下的《了不起的盖茨比》Symbolism in The Old Man and The Sea《欲望号街车》中布兰奇的悲剧成因分析荒诞与抵抗——《局外人》中莫尔索的荒诞表现之原因分析商务英语的词汇特征及翻译策略文化差异对国际商务谈判的影响Pursuing a Harmonious Man-Woman Relationship In The Thorn Birds分析《玫瑰色茶杯》中的女性主义The Reflection of V irginia Woolf’s Androgyny in Orlando小学英语教学中的情感因素初探Modern Views on Marriages in Wuthering Heights从消费文化角度看《了不起的盖茨比》中美国梦的破灭英语歌曲在英语教学中的应用爱与正义：《杀死一只知更鸟》主人公阿提克斯•芬奇形象解读中美家庭教育的比较研究以马斯洛需求层次理论分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情婚姻观从女性主义看《呼啸山庄》从关联翻译理论看《圣经》汉译过程中的关联缺失合作学习理论在中学英语课堂中的应用跨文化商务谈判中的文化差异及应对技巧用眼睛透视心灵—评析《老人与海》A Comparative Study of Women in Fortress Besieged and Pride and Prejudice Approaching English V ocabulary Teaching—a Lexicological Perspective论多丽丝•莱辛小说《金色笔记》中的现代女性意识的体现美国黑人英语在美国电影中的应用《不能承受的生命之轻》中萨宾娜和特蕾莎的人物分析从女性主义视角浅析《纯真年代》中两位女主人公爱情观的不同《德伯家的苔丝》的圣经原型解读走出迷茫，寻回丢失的信念——富兰克林给毕业者的条忠告从《野性的呼唤》看杰克・伦敦的人生观多媒体技术在早期英语教育中的应用《威尼斯商人》中的种族及宗教冲突浅析《德伯维尔家的苔丝》中造成苔丝悲剧的因素中西方文化背景对理解隐喻的影响浅析《飘》中斯嘉丽的婚姻观《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中的象征主义英文电影字幕翻译的原则和技巧英文电影片名的汉译研究从谷歌和百度两大企业的管理方式看中美企业文化的差异《夜访吸血鬼》中的模糊性别观英语委婉语之初探浅析《了不起的盖茨比》中的象征A Comparison of the English Color Terms浅析张培基的散文翻译风格顺应理论视角下《红楼梦》中社交指示语的英译研究An Analysis of the Gothic Horrors in A Rose for Emily动物习语翻译中的归化和异化功能目的论视角下的仿拟翻译的应用分析A Study of Stylistic Features and Translation of Journalistic EnglishGrowing Pains—An Analysis of J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye as a Bildungsroman房间和风景的象征意义：读福斯特的《看得见风景的房间》An Analysis of Fagin in Oliver Twist国际商务谈判中的文化差异分析Are Indians Prisoners of Their Race-An Analysis of the Sources and Rise of National A wareness 《红字》中替罪羊形象的分析论影视字幕翻译的特点及应注意的方面——以美剧绝望主妇为题材归化和异化翻译策略的研究关于高中生英语阅读策略运用情况的调查从电影《功夫熊猫》看中国英语的发展中国的超前消费以及其对“八十后”的影响《德拉库拉》中病态感情和正常感情的对比和碰撞浅议《女勇士》中的个人英雄主义从《基督山伯爵》看亚历山大大仲马的金钱观A Comparison of the English Color Terms高中英语写作中母语负迁移现象分析论《教父》主人公迈克尔•考里昂的悲剧性中西餐桌礼仪中的文化差异A Discussion on the Accuracy of Language in Diplomatic Translation网络语言特色分析《简爱》与《呼啸山庄》女主人公比较分析意象图式研究Eco-Critical Reading of The Call of the Wild加工层次理论指导下的商务英语词汇学习《红与黑》中司汤达的爱情观从《了不起的盖茨比》看美国梦幻灭的必然性《红字》中女权主义意识探析Thackeray’s Ambivalent Attitude towards the Women in V anity Fair从尊卑与平权的词汇看中西方文化的差异小说《鸡蛋的胜利》中扭曲的“美国梦”On the Translation of English Advertisements from the Rhetorical Perspective论密西西比河对马克•吐温和《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》的影响Analysis of the Subtitle of White Collar under Skopostheorie《善良的乡下人》的喜剧性分析从关联理论看商务信函的礼貌策略英汉衔接手段对比分析－－基于The Old Man and the Sea及其译本的对比分析英语单位名词研究——以《牛津高阶英汉双解词典（第六版）》为例A Study on the Principles and Strategies of Note-taking in Consecutive Interpretation《雾都孤儿》中南希双重性格分析The Joy Luck Club－A Bittersweet Picture of Chinese-Americans across Two Generations 超市价格策略的比较丧钟为谁而鸣中的罗伯特形象“省力原则”在口译过程中的应用宋词英译中的归化和异化从《肖申克的救赎》看体制化对个人的影响浅议我国民营企业薪酬管理《白象似的群山》里的潜意识茶文化交流用语的翻译：理论与实践论英语新闻标题中修辞的汉译On the Anti-traditional Factors of Feminism Translation生态哲人约翰•斯坦贝克论《蝇王》中人性的泯灭和救赎的无力化学专业学生英语阅读策略研究心灵探索之旅——析《瓦尔登湖》的主题女性哥特视角下的《蝴蝶梦》研究从大学校训看中西方大学文化差异从后殖民女性主义角度解读《藻海茫茫》Quest for Identity: An Analysis of Women Characters in The Bluest EyeCause Analysis of Pragmatic Failure in Cross-cultural Communication企业文化构建的话语分析路径《女勇士》中的文化冲突与文化融合从《简爱》看世纪女性地位及女性意识的觉醒小说《飘》中斯嘉丽的人物性格分析The Religious Thoughts in The Pilgrim’s Progress从功能对等的角度浅谈商标翻译从文化差异的角度看《红楼梦》颜色词的英译Feminist Consciousness Shown on Scarlett O'Hara Impacts upon Today's FemaleOn Translator’s Subjectivity from the Feminist Perspective英语电影对白汉译从心理学角度谈中国学生英语学习中典型语法错误的产生原因及其应对策略高中学生英语课堂口语交际活动的错误分析On the Fighting Spirit of Buck in The Call of The Wild话语风格的性别差异悲剧英雄—赫尔曼•梅尔维尔笔下的比利•巴德形象分析A Comparative Study of the Character of Tess and Jane Eyre从《老人与海》看海明威的硬汉精神海明威的“冰山原则”与其短篇小说的人物对话数字模糊语义的汉英翻译Translation of English Film Titles and the Commercial EffectA Comparison of the English Color TermsThe Narrative Strategy of Wuthering Heights中美肢体语言的差异An Analysis of Women’s Status in Pride and PrejudiceAn Analysis of American and Chinese Culture in Kung Fu Panda商标翻译中的文化差异解析《麦田里的守望者》中帽子和鸭子的象征意义论《梅丽迪安》中主人公梅丽迪安的觉醒A Comparison of the English Color Terms“集体无意识”理论观照下艾米莉的悲剧性对“细密画”的背叛亦或拯救？——从《我的名字叫红》看文明冲突下的阵痛Pronunciation Problems in English Language Teaching中国英语与中式英语之比较从功能翻译理论看科技英语与科普英语的汉译Analysis of the Reasons Why Jo Rejects Laurie’s Proposal of Marriage in Little Women 从《河东狮吼》与《套礼服》的对比中分析中美婚礼的差异英文歌曲在提高英语专业学生口语能力方面的作用从汉英墓志铭看中西生命价值意识之差异文本分类理论与广告翻译温和的反叛者——论《小妇人》中的女性群像从生态女性主义角度解读《苔丝》Psychological Analysis of Stuttering in The King’s Speech《哈克贝利芬恩历险记》中对自由的追寻《我的安东妮娅》中的文化冲突研究情景教学法在小学英语教学中的运用从生态女性主义角度解读《宠儿》英语专业学生课外网络自主学习问题研究论广告英语的人际沟通功能《老友记》中的对话分析大学校训翻译:问题与基本对策星巴克营销策略研究从语言的角度分析《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的儿童形象Beyond Language, Toward Nature: A New Reading of In the Heart of the Country 从好莱坞电影中的中国元素看美国对中国意识观念的转变广告英语的语言特征废墟之鹰——《永别了武器》中亨利形象之分析从贫穷到堕落——解读嘉莉妹妹中嘉莉的奋斗历程模糊语言的社会语用功能玛丽•巴顿的女性意识浅析英语俚语的特征及其功能网络英语的构词方式跨文化商务活动中的交际与礼仪叶芝：无望的爱情，多变的风格体育新闻英语文体特点分析论中美广告伦理观的差异——从“性感平面广告”中的女性形象分析Grammatical Analysis of Academic Writing英汉双语词典中的语用信息从《瓦尔登湖》看梭罗的自然观沙博理《水浒传》译本中文化词的翻译The Gothic Love in Wuthering Heights。

英语作文斜体例子_In the vast and dynamic realm of academic writing, the English essay stands as a cornerstone, a medium through which students and scholars alike can express their ideas, thoughts, and perspectives. Within this literary landscape, the use of italics has become a powerful tool, lending a distinct and captivating flair to the written word. As we delve into the world of English essays, let us explore the captivating examples that showcase the versatility and impact of this stylistic choice.__One of the most prominent uses of italics in English essays is the emphasis of key terms or concepts. When a writer wishes to draw the reader's attention to a specific idea or phrase, the deployment of italics can effectively highlight its importance. This technique is particularly useful in essays that delve into complex theoretical frameworks or introduce specialized terminology. By setting these crucial elements apart in italics, the writer ensures that the reader grasps the significance of these elements within the broader context of the essay.__Another common application of italics in English essays is the incorporation of foreign language terms or phrases. As the English language continues to evolve and embrace the global exchange of ideas, the inclusion of words or expressions from other languages has become increasingly prevalent. When authors choose to incorporate these linguistic elements, the use of italics serves to differentiate them from the primary language of the essay, often providing a sense of cultural richness and academic depth.__Closely related to the use of foreign language terms is the italicization of book titles, journal names, and other published works. This convention not only helps to distinguish these references from the surrounding text but also lends a sense of formality and scholarly credibility to the essay. By highlighting the titles of sources used in the research and analysis, the writer demonstrates a command of the relevant literature and a dedication to providing accurate and well-supported arguments.__The realm of creative writing within English essays also offers compelling examples of the use of italics. Writers often employ italics to convey the internal thoughts, emotions, or memories of a character, allowing the reader to gain a deeper, more intimate understanding of the narrative. This technique can be particularly effective in first-person narratives, where the italicized passages serve to differentiate the character's private reflections from theoutward dialogue and description.__Furthermore, the use of italics in English essays can be utilized to denote the emphasis of a specific word or phrase, often to convey a sense of urgency, sarcasm, or emotional resonance. By selectively italicizing certain terms, the writer can subtly guide the reader's interpretation and evoke a particular response or reaction. This strategic use of italics can elevate the rhetorical power of the essay, lending a nuanced and persuasive quality to the overall argument.__Beyond these conventional applications, the creative and thoughtful use of italics in English essays can also serve to enhance the overall aesthetic and structural qualities of the work. Skilled writers may employ italics to create visual interest, guide the reader's eye through the text, or even to experiment with unconventional formatting and layout choices. These innovative approaches can contribute to the distinctive and memorable nature of the essay, leaving a lasting impression on the reader.__In conclusion, the examples of the use of italics in English essays demonstrate the versatility and power of this stylistic device. From the emphasis of key concepts and foreign language terms to the conveyance of internal thoughts and emotional resonance, the strategic deployment of italics can elevate the written word, lending depth, nuance, and a captivating flair to the academic landscape. Aswriters continue to explore the boundless possibilities of the English essay, the role of italics will undoubtedly continue to evolve, offering new and innovative ways to engage, enlighten, and inspire readers._。

英语作文期中常考六年级Mastering the art of writing an effective English essay is a crucial skill for 6th-grade students. As they progress through their academic journey, they will be faced with a variety of essay topics, each requiring a unique approach and set of strategies. One of the most common mid-term essay topics encountered by 6th-grade students is the general prompt of "English essay."To tackle this task successfully, students must first understand the essential elements of a well-written essay. The foundation of any strong essay lies in the introduction, which should provide a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the main argument or focus of the paper. This thesis statement serves as the guiding principle for the rest of the essay, ensuring that the content remains focused and on-topic.In the body paragraphs, students must develop their ideas and support their thesis with relevant evidence and examples. This may involve conducting research, analyzing literary works, or drawing upon personal experiences. Each body paragraph should have a cleartopic sentence that introduces the main idea, followed by supporting details and analysis. Effective use of transition words and phrases can help to create a cohesive flow between paragraphs and ideas.One of the key challenges that 6th-grade students often face when writing an English essay is maintaining a formal and academic tone. It is important to avoid the use of contractions, slang, or overly colloquial language, and instead, adopt a more sophisticated and professional style of writing. This can be achieved through the careful selection of vocabulary, the construction of complex sentences, and the avoidance of redundant or repetitive phrasing.Another critical aspect of a successful English essay is the conclusion. This final section should not simply restate the thesis but rather synthesize the main points and provide a compelling final impression. Students may choose to offer a call to action, a prediction or recommendation, or a broader reflection on the significance of the topic. The conclusion should leave the reader with a sense of closure and a deeper understanding of the essay's central argument.In addition to the structural and stylistic elements of the essay, 6th-grade students must also be mindful of the conventions of academic writing. This includes proper formatting, citation of sources, and adherence to grammar and spelling rules. Attention to detail and proofreading are essential to ensure that the final product ispolished and professional.One effective strategy for preparing for a mid-term English essay isto practice writing on a variety of topics. This can help students develop a stronger sense of their writing style, strengthen their analytical skills, and become more comfortable with the essay format. Additionally, seeking feedback from teachers or peers can provide valuable insights and opportunities for improvement.Another important consideration for 6th-grade students is the importance of time management. Essay writing requires careful planning, research, and revision, and students must be able to allocate their time effectively to ensure that they can produce a high-quality piece within the allotted timeframe. This may involve creating an outline, setting deadlines for drafting and revising, and practicing efficient research techniques.Finally, it is crucial for 6th-grade students to approach the English essay with confidence and a positive mindset. While the task may seem daunting, a positive attitude and a willingness to tackle challenges can go a long way in producing a successful and compelling piece of writing. By embracing the writing process and seeking support from teachers and peers, students can develop the skills and strategies necessary to excel on mid-term English essays.In conclusion, the mid-term English essay is a significant assignment for 6th-grade students, requiring a strong foundation in essay structure, academic writing conventions, and effective time management. By mastering these skills and approaching the task with a positive and proactive mindset, students can demonstrate their abilities and showcase their growth as writers. With dedication, practice, and a commitment to continuous improvement, 6th-grade students can confidently tackle the challenges of the mid-term English essay and pave the way for future academic success.。

写英语作文要介绍哪些方面When writing an English essay, there are several key aspects that you should consider introducing to create a well-rounded and compelling piece of writing. Here's a breakdown of the elements you might want to include:1. Introduction: Start with a hook to grab the reader's attention. This could be a question, a quote, a statistic, or an anecdote. Follow this with a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or point of your essay.2. Background Information: Provide some context for your topic. This might include historical information, definitions of key terms, or an overview of different perspectives on the issue.3. Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea that supports your thesis. Start with a topic sentence, followed by evidence (such as facts, statistics, or quotes from experts), and then analyze how this evidence supports your point. End with a concluding sentence that transitions to the next paragraph.4. Counterarguments: Acknowledge the opposing viewpoints and provide a balanced discussion. This shows that you've considered different perspectives and strengthens your own argument.5. Evidence and Examples: Use concrete evidence to back up your claims. This could include academic research, personal experiences, or real-world examples. Make sure to cite your sources properly.6. Analysis and Evaluation: Don't just present information; analyze it. Show how the evidence relates to your thesis and evaluate its significance or implications.7. Transitions: Use transitional phrases to connect your ideas and guide the reader through your essay. This helps to create a smooth flow of ideas and makes your essay easier to follow.8. Conclusion: Summarize the main points of your essay and restate your thesis in a new way. End with a closing thought that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. This could be a call to action, a question for reflection, or a final insight.9. Grammar and Style: Ensure that your essay is free of grammatical errors and that it adheres to the stylistic conventions of academic writing. This includes using the appropriate tone, avoiding slang, and ensuring sentence variety.10. Proofreading: Finally, thoroughly proofread your essay to correct any errors and improve clarity. It's often helpful to have someone else read your work to catch mistakes you might have missed.By addressing these aspects, you can craft an English essay that is informative, persuasive, and engaging.。

国外英语作文Living and Studying Abroad: The Transformative Experience of Writing English EssaysEmbarking on the journey of studying abroad is a life-changing experience for many students. It presents a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in a new cultural landscape, expand one's worldview, and push the boundaries of personal growth. However, one of the most daunting challenges that international students often face is the task of composing academic essays in English – a language that may not be their native tongue.For me, the experience of writing English essays while studying abroad has been both exhilarating and humbling. As a student from a non-English-speaking country, I have had to navigate the nuances of academic writing in a foreign language, adapting to the stylistic conventions and rhetorical expectations that differ from my own educational system.One of the most significant obstacles I encountered early on was theneed to develop a strong command of English vocabulary and grammar. Crafting well-structured sentences, selecting the appropriate word choices, and maintaining a cohesive flow of ideas required a level of linguistic agility that did not come naturally to me.I found myself constantly referring to dictionaries, thesauruses, and grammar guides, diligently working to expand my lexical repertoire and refine my grammatical understanding.Moreover, the process of organizing and structuring an English essay presented its own unique challenges. The linear, thesis-driven approach to academic writing, which is often the norm in Western educational contexts, contrasted sharply with the more circular and holistic patterns of my home country's essay-writing tradition. Adapting to this new framework required me to rethink the way I approached the development and presentation of my ideas.One of the most valuable lessons I have learned is the importance of clear and concise communication. In my native language, I had grown accustomed to a more ornate and elaborate style of expression. However, in the context of English academic writing, I quickly realized that simplicity and directness were often more effective in conveying my arguments and insights. Striking the right balance between complexity and clarity became a constant pursuit, as I strived to create essays that were both intellectually engaging and accessible to my intended audience.Another crucial aspect of writing English essays abroad has been the need to navigate the cultural and rhetorical differences that exist between academic traditions. The way in which arguments are constructed, the use of sources and citations, and the expected tone and formality of the writing all vary significantly across different educational systems. Adapting to these nuances has required me to be highly attentive to the contextual cues and genre conventions that shape the expectations of English academic discourse.Perhaps one of the most rewarding aspects of this journey has been the opportunity to engage with diverse perspectives and worldviews. By immersing myself in the academic environment of a foreign country, I have been exposed to a rich tapestry of ideas, interpretations, and approaches to various subjects. This has not only enriched my own intellectual development but has also challenged me to critically examine my own assumptions and biases.As I have grappled with the challenges of writing English essays abroad, I have also come to appreciate the inherent value of this experience. The act of composing academic work in a non-native language has pushed me to develop a heightened level of self-awareness, cultural sensitivity, and adaptability – qualities that will serve me well not only in my academic pursuits but also in my future professional and personal endeavors.Moreover, the process of writing English essays has provided me with a gateway to engaging with a global community of scholars and peers. By sharing my ideas and insights through the medium of English, I have been able to connect with individuals from diverse backgrounds, fostering a sense of intellectual camaraderie and mutual understanding.In conclusion, the experience of writing English essays while studying abroad has been a transformative journey for me. It has pushed me to confront my linguistic limitations, adapt to new academic conventions, and cultivate a deeper appreciation for cultural diversity and global perspectives. As I continue to refine my skills and expand my horizons, I am confident that the lessons I have learned will continue to shape my personal and academic growth, ultimately preparing me to navigate the complexities of an increasingly interconnected world.。

英文在语文作文中的格式The format of English in language arts compositions plays a crucial role in effectively conveying the writer's message and engaging the reader. As English continues to be a dominant global language, the ability to adhere to proper formatting conventions is essential for students and writers alike. In this essay, we will explore the key elements of formatting English in language arts compositions, including structure, style, and language usage.Structurally, a well-formatted English composition should follow a clear and logical organization. This typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction should provide an overview of the topic and a thesis statement that outlines the main argument or focus of the essay. The body paragraphs should then develop and support the thesis with relevant evidence, examples, and analysis. Finally, the conclusion should summarize the key points and leave the reader with a clear understanding of the writer's perspective.Within this overall structure, the formatting of individual paragraphsis also important. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence that introduces the main idea, followed by supporting details and evidence. Transitions should be used effectively to guide the reader from one idea to the next, ensuring a smooth and cohesive flow.In terms of style, the formatting of English in language arts compositions should adhere to standard conventions of academic writing. This includes the use of formal, objective language, with a focus on clarity and precision. Passive voice should be used sparingly, and the writer should strive to maintain a consistent and appropriate tone throughout the piece.Additionally, the formatting of citations and references is crucial in academic writing. Depending on the specific style guide being used (e.g., MLA, APA, Chicago), the writer must carefully format in-text citations and the reference list to ensure proper attribution of sources.The use of language in a well-formatted English composition is also essential. Proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation are critical for conveying the writer's message effectively. Sentence structure should be varied, with a mix of simple, compound, and complex sentencesto add depth and complexity to the writing.Furthermore, the choice of vocabulary and word usage cansignificantly impact the overall formatting and effectiveness of an English composition. The writer should use precise and appropriate language that aligns with the academic or formal nature of the piece. Avoidance of colloquialisms, slang, and overly casual language is important in maintaining a professional and scholarly tone.In conclusion, the format of English in language arts compositions is a crucial aspect of effective writing. By adhering to structural, stylistic, and language conventions, writers can create compositions that are well-organized, cohesive, and engaging for the reader. Whether in an academic setting or a professional context, the mastery of formatting English in language arts compositions is a valuable skill that can contribute to the writer's success and the reader's understanding.。