山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三考前冲刺测试(一)英语试题包含答案

2020届济宁市第一中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn theUnited States, the word "holiday" is synonymous with celebration. The following tenholidaysper year are proclaimed by the federal government.Independence DayIndependence Day is annually celebrated on July 4 and is often known as "the Fourthof July”. It is the anniversary of the publication of the declaration of independence fromGreat Britainin 1776. Now it is celebrated in all the states. The army marks the occasion by firing a 13-gun salute every year. Ceremonies may include parades, official speeches, visits to historic monuments and fireworks displays.Memorial DayThis holiday, on the fourth Monday of every May, is a day on which Americans honor the dead. Originally a day on which flags and flowers were placed on graves of soldiers who died in the American Civil War, now it has become a day on which the dead of all wars and all other dead are remembered the same way.Veterans DayVeterans Day was established to honor Americans who had served in World War I. It falls on November 11, the day when that war ended in 1918, but it now honors veterans of all wars in which the United States has fought Veterans' organizations hold parades or other special ceremonies, and the US president customarily places a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National.ThanksgivingThanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November. It has been an annual tradition in theUnited Statessince 1863. Today, people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner. Thanksgiving dinner almost always includes some of the foods served at the first feast: roast turkey, cranberry sauce potatoes pumpkin pies. Before the meal begins, families often pause to give thanks.1. When isIndependence Day?A. May 14，B. July 13.C. July 14.D. July 4.2. Which holiday honors dead soliders?A. Independence Day.B. Memorial Day.C. Veterans Day.D. Thanksgiving.3. What will Americans do on Thanksgiving Day?A. They say thanks.B. They havefriend gatherings.C. They go on holiday.D. They buy many cards.BMy wife and I recently completed a day-long tour of the Great Wall with Jessie. In addition to being very knowledgeable about the history of theareas that we toured, she spoke excellent English and was able to answer all of our questions. Her driver was very experienced and polite, and we really enjoyed being able to have a customized tour that avoided the tourist traps and forced shopping that seem to be a part of the larger group tours.The attractions themselves were fantastic. I was a little worried that the snowy weather might impact our trip to the Great Wall, but everything went fine, and there weren’t many people out at all that day. I suggest wearing strong shoes—the Great Wall is really a hike. And in snowy or rainy days, the surfaces are pretty slippery (滑的)! Seeing this area in winter was really unique, and the snow made for great pictures. Jessie kept us entertained with stories and facts about the construction of the Wall, and always pointed out great spots for taking pictures. Even though she’s in fantastic shape, she cared about our level of fitness and often stopped to let us catch our breath.When we got back to our hotel, Jessie gave us a great recommendation for dinner and some tips for our planned stops the next day. If I find myself in Beijing in the future, I will certainly be contacting Jessie for more tour opportunities, and I’ve already recommended her to some friends who are visiting the area later in the year. I can’t say enough about how kind and knowledgeable she was, and she really gave us a great tour experience.4. What can we infer about Jessie?A. She is a tour advisor.B. She is a tour guide.C. She is a foreign traveler.D. She is a skilled driver.5. When did the writer visit the Great Wall?A. In spring.B. In summer.C. In autumn.D. In winter.6. What did the writer think of his tour?A. Adventurous.B. Disappointing.C. Satisfactory.D. Improvable.7. What is the probable title for the text?A. A Wonderful Tour Day with JessieB. An Extraordinary Tour CompanyC. The Great Wall, an Excellent AttractionD. Jessie, a Kind and Knowledgeable GuideCTrue friend from a distant landInternational friends can come in many shapes and sizes. However they arrive on the scene, they are always appreciated, especially in times ofturbulence. Michael Lindsay (1909 — 94) is a case in point.After graduating from the University of Oxford in 1931, Lindsay arrived in China in 1937 on a ship from Canada intending merely to teach economics at Beiping Yenching University, the current Peking University. He traveled with Norman Bethune the Canadian doctor who dedicated his life to medicine in China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931 — 45).Lindsay left Beijing at the end of 1941, and went to the Communist-led Jinchaji base(晋察冀边区)together with his wife Li Xiaoli, who was a Shanxi local and a former student of his.“Lindsay was inspired by the hard work local Chinesepeople made in fighting against Japanese aggression. After learning that Chinese armies on the frontlines were suffering supply shortages, Lindsay was determined to lend a hand," says Yan Juhai, a retired official from Shanxi's Lyuliang city. "In the Jinchaji base, NieRongzhen( 1899 — 1992), the base's top commander, appointed him to work as the communications expert, where he became a full-time radio technician contributing greatly in communication technology innovation and training," says Yan.In 1944 Lindsay and his wife arrived in Yan'an in Shaanxi province and helped fix its telecommunication equipment. They stayed for 18 months in Yan'an, and after the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they decided to return to the United Kingdom to visit their parents.8. Which word in the following can best replace the underlined word?A. peaceB. warC. stressD. sorrow9. Why did Lindsay go to the Communist-led Jinchaji base according to Yan Juhai?A. Because his wife was a Shanxi local.B. Because he was warmly invited by NieRongzhen.C. Because he was touched by Chinese people's effortsD. Because he was more interested in communications.10. What can we learn from the article?A. Lindsay and his wife stayed in China for over 8 years.B. Lindsay's wife was also skilled in communication technology.C. Lindsay was appointed as the communications consultant in Shanxi province.D. Lindsay taught economics in the Jinchaji base besides his work as a radio expert.11. Where is the text probably from?A. a guidebookB. a novelC. a diaryD. a newspaperDIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sexreproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.12. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.13. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.14. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.15. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届济宁市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStudents, teachers, and local community members are strongly encouraged to register online to receive real-time information of emergency events fromColumbiaUniversity.Text message warnings will only be used in rare cases where ongoing events causean immediate threat or have a significant influence. Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.Read instructions on how to sign up for emergency notifications（通知）.ColumbiastudentsColumbiastudents can easily register for text message notifications. Simply enter Student Services Online, click on "Text Message Enrollment" and add your cellphone number. Students can register parents or family members by following the instructions for the public below.ColumbiateachersColumbiateachers can register for text message notifications by following the step by step instructions below:● Register with your UNI and password .● Select "Faculty & Staff"at the top of the page.● Select "Contact Details".● Click the "+" under "Phone".● Select "Campus Alert 1".● Enter your mobile number.To receive emergency information on additional mobile phones, you may follow the above instructions for "Campus Alert2" and "Campus Alert 3" for a total of three.Community/General PublicCommunity/General Public interested in receiving emergency information fromColumbiacan sign up by clicking on the "Register" button on the registration page and entering their email and mobile number. Users will receive confirmation code（密码）on their phone and will need to confirm their account via email.Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling226789 or sending an email tolr27682@.1.Which is a possiblesituation where a text message will be sent?A.The temperature will drop slightly tomorrow.B.The campus will be closed during Christmas.C.The main railway system of the city is interrupted.D.A bank robber is being sentenced in the court of the city.2.Which step comes before the others when teachers register?A.Selecting Campus Alert.B.Entering mobile numbers.C.Clicking "+" under "Phone".D.Selecting "Faculty& Staff".3.How can users stop receiving text messages?A.By sending an email.B.By texting STOP to 226789.C.By managing information online.D.By making a phone call to 226787.BDengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes. In severe cases, dengue can even be deadly. Dengue is a serious disease affecting people in around 120 countries. It can cause high fevers, headaches, and severe pain. It’s caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes. Therefore, dengue is more common in warm areas. Every year, roughly 390 million people get dengue, and as many as 25,000 die from it.Now scientists seem to have found a way to protect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes. Dengue fever is caused by a virus. Though it may seem strange to think of it this way, the mosquitoes that spread the dengue virus are also infected with it. But the virus doesn’t seem to hurt the mosquitoes.Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly found in many insects. In some insects, Wolbachia can keep some viruses fromduplicatingthemselves, which is how viruses grow inside a body. Wolbachia isn’t naturally found in mosquitoes. But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia, scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catching the dengue virus. Even better, the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carry Wolbachia.Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program (WMP) ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas. In half of the areas, the scientists did nothing. In the other half, they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia. They did this every twoweeks for just 4 to 6 months.Ten months later, 80% of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia. The researchers report the number of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by 77% and that the number of people needing hospital care for dengue dropped by 86%.Because the results of the experiment were so good, the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggs in all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. The WHO says that within a year, their efforts will protect 2.5 million people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.4. What kind of disease is dengue?A. It is likely to cause death.B. It causes no pain but fevers.C. It happens less often in hot areas.D. It hurts both people and mosquitoes.5. The underlined word “duplicating” in paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.A. worsening the harm ofB. expanding the size ofC. increasing forces ofD. making copies of6. What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?A. Its wide use.B. Its effectiveness.C. Its complexity.D.Its easy operation.7. What’s the WHO’s attitude towards the method?A. Ambiguous.B. Positive.C. Tolerant.D. Skeptical.CWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.8. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.9. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.10. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.11. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.DAfter a year at sea, 16-year-old Laura Dekker can finally say, “Missionaccomplished!” Last month, she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38-foot boat, Guppy. Dekker, who is from theNetherlands, traveled more than 30,000 miles all by herself. She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.Dekker had wanted to lake on this challenge when she was even younger. She first tried to set sail at the age of 13,but a court in theNetherlandsstopped her. They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself. But Dekker insisted she had the navigation skills and patience of an adult sailor.She finally took off on January 20, 2011. During her trip, Dekker battled loneliness, storms, and worries about pirates. But she also got to surf, scuba dive, and started a new hobby: playing the flute. Although Dekker didn’t spend all of her time at sea—she stopped at ports along the way—she did spend her 16lh birthday on the open ocean. To celebrate, she ate doughnuts for breakfast.But Dekker didn’t sail into the record books. Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for “youngest” sailors. They dropped the category in 2009 to discourage children fromattempting such dangerous feats (壮举). But that didn’t stop Dekker，who was born on a yacht during a seven-year world voyage undertaken by her parents.Dekker doesn’t mind that she won’t hold an official record. She says it was a personal goal, and she is happy she achieved it.“I am not disappointed at all that Guinness World Record won’t recognize my attempt.” Dekker wrote on her website. “I did not start on my trip to achieve any record…I did it just for myself.”12. Dekker wasn’t allowed to sail at the age of 13 because .A. people were concerned about her safetyB.she didn’t learn any sailing skills wellC. she had to continue her study at schoolD. she didn’t have enough patience for long trips13. What does the underlined word “accomplished” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Failed.B. Completed.C. Continued.D. Started.14. In 2009 records for youngest sailors were canceled in order to .A. set a higher sailing standard for teen sailorsB. stop children entering Guinness World RecordsC. encourage parents to sail with their childrenD. prevent children making dangerous attempts15. What could be the best title for this passage?A. A New Guinness World Record in SailingB. A New Sailing Standard for Teen SailorsC. A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Aroundthe WorldD. The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World Records第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届济宁市第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWelcome to Oxford University MuseumsAshmolean MuseumEstablished in 1683, the Ashmolean Museum is the oldest museum in the UK and one of the oldest in the world. It houses the University’s extensive collections of art and antiquities, ranging back over four millennia.Location: Beaumont Street Tel: 01865278000Open: Tue. Sun. 10: 00-17: 00.Charge: Admission is free; special exhibitions are ticketed and a charge may applyNote: For group bookings Tel:01865278015Oxford University Museum of Natural HistoryThe University Museum of Natural History houses the University’s collections of zoological, entomological, paleontological and mineral specimens. With 4. 5 million specimens it is the largest collection of its type outside of the national collections.Location: Parks Road Tel: 01865 272950Open: 10: 00-17: 00 dailyCharge: Admission is freeNote: Groups must book in advanceMuseum of the History of ScienceThe Museum of the History of Science is housed in the world’s oldest surviving purpose-built museum building. It contains the world’s finest collection of historic scientific instruments.Location: Broad Street Tel: 01865277280Open: Tue.Sun.12: 00-17:00Charge: Admission is freeNote: Booking required for groups of 15 or morePitt Rivers MuseumThe Pitt Rivers Museum holds one of the world’s finest collections of anthropology and archaeology, withobjects from every continent and from throughout human history.Location: Parks Road enter via the Oxford University Museum of Natural HistoryTel:01865270927Open: Tue Sun. and Bank Holiday Mondays: 10: 00-16: 30Charge: Admission is freeNote: Groups must book in advance1.If a group of 20 students want to visit the oldest museum in the UK, they should call_______A.01865277280B.01865278015C.01865270927D.018652729502.Which of the museums can visitors go to any day of the week?A.Ashmolean Museum.B.Museum of the History of Science.C.Oxford University Museum of Natural History.D.Pitt Rivers Museum3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Ashmolean Museum is on the Broad Street.B.Pitt Rivers Museum contains the world’s finest collection of historic scientific instruments.C.We don’t have to book in advance if our group want to visit the University Museum of Natural History.D.We can enter the Pitt Rivers Museum through the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.BI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。

2020届济宁市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe OrchardI had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant．The food was lovely and the service was quite good．We chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very relaxing．The only disappointment was the dessert — the apple piewas far too sweet and it was cold too．Apart from that it was an enjoyable evening．As for the price — what a bargain，excellent value for money！Park InnThe best thing about Park Inn was the service — it was excellent．There was a warm welcome when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening．However，the food wasn’t as good．The menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless．It’s not a cheap restaurant and I wasn’t happy to pay so much for boring food．Richard’s PlaceWhen we enteredthe restaurant，we were surprised by the lovely interior (内部的) design of it．So stylish，so modern！This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and it’s very easy to see why．The food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very，very poor service！TheRiversideIt was lovely sitting outside and looking over the river．There were lots of little lanterns (灯笼) and color1 ed lights everywhere and it all looked very pretty．The food was good，nothing very special but quite tasty．The service was OK; we didn’t have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy！It’s quite an expensive place but with the view I think it’s quite good value for money．1. In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden？A. Park Inn．B. TheOrchard．C. The Riverside．D. Richard’s Place．2. What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied？A. The food．B. The price．C. The service．D. The environment．3. In Richard’s Place，customers can ________．A. receive good serviceB. enjoy its moderndesignC. listen to wonderful musicD. enjoy the beauty of a riverBRock and pop hitmaker Jim Steinman, who wrote and composed music for Meat Loaf, Bonnie Tyler, Celine Dion, and more, died Monday in Danbury, Connecticut. He was 73. Steinman's brother Billconfirmed that the cause of death was kidney (肾) failure.A statement posted on Steinman's Facebook page read, “It's with a heavy heart that I can confirm Jim's passing. There will be much more to say in the coming hours and days as we prepare to honor this giant of a human being and his glorious legacy.”Steinman's wholly unique career found him working as a composer, lyricist, and producer for many artists in a variety of styles. According to a biography on his website, the records he's worked on have sold more than 190 million copies worldwide. He was nominated (提名) for four Grammys, and won Album of the Year for his work on Dion's 1996 smash,Falling Into You.Steinman began his career in a musical theater while in college, writing and starring in a rock musical calledThe Dream Engine, which gained the attentionof New York theatrical producer Joe Papp. After graduating, Steinman worked at the Public Theater (which was established by Papp). In 1973, Yvonne Elliman recorded Steinman's song “Happy Ending”, which became Steinman's first commercially released tune. That same year, the Public Theater staged his musicalMore Than You Deserve.One of the actors who auditioned forMore Than You Deservewas Meat Loaf, and he and Steinman soon struck up a close personal and professional relationship. The two began working on Meat Loaf's solo album,Bat Out of Hell, in the early 70s, but it wouldn't be released until 1977. It wasn't until about one year later — after Meat Loaf performed onSaturday Night Live— that the album became a hit.“There is no other songwriter ever like him,” Meat Loaf said. “I can never repay him. He has been such an influence, in fact, the biggest influence on my life, and I learned so much from him that there would be no way I could ever repay Mr. Jim Steinman.”4. What caused Jim Steinman's death?A. A hit on the head.B. A kidney problem.C. A failed operation.D. A lack of blood supply.5. What is the correct order of the following events?a. Meat Loaf performed onSaturday Night Live.b. Jim released his first commercial tuneHappy Ending.c. Jim and Meat Loaf released the albumBat Out of Hell.d. Jim starred in a rock musical calledThe Dream Engine.e. Jim's musicalMore Than You Deservewas put on show.f. Jim won Album of the Year for his work onFalling Into You.A. dbecafB. dbcfaeC. fdcaebD. fbceda6. Why was Jim Steinman important to Meat Loaf?A. Because Jim was an extraordinary songwriter.B. Because Jim allowed him not to repay his debt.C. Because Jim was influential in the music industry.D. Because Jim gave him friendship and career support.7. What do we learn about Jim Steinman?A. He mainly focused his career on acting in musicals.B. He is a well-known and widely respected musician.C. His closest friends were Bill, Papp and Meat Loaf.D. He won four Grammys in the course of his career.CIt's the near future.Animal populations have fallen sharply and 80% of species are extinct.The forests are so rare that you need to make a booking to visit one. Birds also face extinction.The Arctic terns,a species evolved to fly across the world on4000kmannual journeys，are on their last migration (迁徙) to Antarctica.The Last Migrationby the Sydney-based writer Charlotte McConaghy is a different sort of climate novel，one in which the heroine's(女主人公)damaged soul is as much a story as the damaged environment This is McConaghy's first work of literary fiction,after a history publishing in science fiction and a romantic fantasy series."I wanted to try and engage with the climate crisis closely,"she said."It's hard to nail down where he book came from.But I had Toni Morrison's words in my head:'If there's a book you really want to read,but i hasn't been written yet,then you must write it.'I love that. It really speaks to me.""I wanted to write about the way the natural world is disappearing but I didn't know a way in."The way in”, she says, was to"go travelling.I went to Ireland and Iceland,and thought about these incredible journeys of the ternsand these people who study hes journeys."The book became a story of a double journey: the migration of the birds,and a broken woman's travelling to the end of the earth.Much of the book is told in flashbacks, the action jumping between the south coast of New South Wales to the west coast of Ireland and to Greenland."I've always been fascinated with Ireland: the landscape, the people and the poetry and music.I was fascinated with writing a character from there. It was a way to connect more with the place."McConaghy says she also wanted to have a character who was"of two places"."I had lived in 21 houses by the time I was 21, as a result I definitely know how it feels to feel as if you are not sure where you belong and feeling as if you are between two worlds."8. How isThe Last Migrationdifferent from other climate novels?A. It forecasts environmental destruction.B. It features a bird's cross-continental migration.C It combines science fiction well with romantic fantasy.D. It attaches equal importance to the heroine's broken soul.9. What did McConaghy think of Toni Morrison's words?A. Inspirational.B. One-sided.C. Authoritative.D. Casual.10. Why did McConaghy go travelling?A. To appreciate the landscape of Ireland.B. To follow the migration of the birds.C. To get away from her tiresome life.D. To find ideas for her new book.11. How might a character "of two places"feel?A. Content and carefree.B. More connected with nature.C. Lacking in a sense of belonging.D. Knowledgeable about the world.DWhen Chip heard the mail truck arriving on his sixth birthday, herushed out—not knowing that he’d come back with a treasure.Outside the house, which was decorated with birthday balloons, postwoman Shelley held a pile of boxes. One was marked with Chip’s name and a greeting for his Special day, November 5.“So,” when he came running out the door, she said, “You must be Chip!” And he said,“Yes.” She said, “Today’s your birthday?” And he started smiling. Shelley said, “So, let me see if I can find you something for your birthday.”She checked her pocket and surprised him with a gift: a dollar bill and four quarters.On this day, the 42-year-old postwoman made one little boy very happy. “He was very excited,” said his mom, Bonnie. “He came running back in the house just waving his money.” Chip is saving up to buy a Spider-man action figure.“Our family has had money problems since I lost my job. Gestures like that are valuable memories.” Her hope is that Chip and his eight-year-old sister, Bennett, will remember this when they grow up. “Not the ugly that is out there right now, but the good and the kind and the giving.”A photo of a smiling Chip and Shelley next to the mail truck has been shared widely on social media. Shelley said she was just trying to give back, because people are often nice to her eight-year-old son, Joshua.On a recent day, Chip heard the mail truck and rushed out again, this time to deliver an envelope with a thank-you card for his favorite mail carrier. Since that day, the families have kept in contact. Shelley has struggled to find someone who can take care of her son, and Bonnie has agreed to watch him at her home while his mom is on her mail route.12. Why did Chip rush out when he heard the mail truck the first time?A. To thank the postwoman.B. To get a gift box mailed to him.C. To receive birthday wishes from the driver.D. To watch the mail truck.13. What did Shelley do to make Chip happy?A. She gave him some pocket money.B. She sent him some birthday balloons.C. She presented him with a greeting card.D. She bought him a Spider-man action figure.14. What is Chip’s mother’s attitude towards Shelley?A. Grateful.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.15. What does Chip’s mother do to help Shelley?A. She offers to deliver the mails for her.B. She often helps drive her mail truck.C. She looks after her son when she is at work.D. She posts pictures of her mail truck on social media.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年济宁市第一中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor (市长) after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party (工党) member Rosie Corrigan was elected as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire, on Monday. The student’s election was unchallenged to the mayoralty, following a year serving as deputy mayor. Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull. A political activist since secondary school, lifelong Selby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious. As a member of the UK Youth Parliament, she co-founded the Selby Youth council, and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate (候选人) aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political awareness in the youth of Selby. By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory, Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views. “It’s an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,” Corrigan told a newspaper. “I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics student’s election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career, including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister (副首相) John Prescott. Simon Darvill said in an interview, “I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1. Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A. Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.B. Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C. Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D. Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B. The people of Selby are passive and have out-of-date views.C. Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D. Corrigan intends to increase Selby’s youth’spolitical involvement.3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backing” in Paragraph 4?A. ApprovalB. AppreciationC. PraiseD. SupportBCuckoos don’t bother building their own nests—they just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know asparasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesn’t notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young, the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes, which we’re only now beginning to fully understand. One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes, which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can. This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.Fascinatingly, we’re actually able to observe different bird species at very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos. For instance, some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts. The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts, and yet they are still sometimes rejected. Compare that with cuckoos who target dunnocks. While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs, their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots. And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the redstarts, but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion. What’s remarkable is that the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good, and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.It speaks to just how thoroughly a species’ behavior can be changed by the pressures of natural selection, or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks. Biologists have suggested that thesebirds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they don’t want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own eggs.4. This passage can be most likely found in a ________.A. science surveyB. nature magazineC. zoo advertisementD. travel journal5. What does the underlined word “parasite” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?A. Animals that work together to raise young.B. Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.C. Animals that can adapt to changing environments.D. Animals which live on or inside other host animals.6. Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?A. It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.B. It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes are so bad.C. It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.D. It is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.B. Redstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.C. Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.D. It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnock’s egg.CThe mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance ofUniversityofQueenslandwildliferesearch released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,” Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”"Populations of critically endangered bird species inHawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to drought, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in theBahamas."Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events,” Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common,we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible, high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”8. How was the UQ researchconducted?A. By observing extreme weather events.B. By protecting the endangered species.C. By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.D. By analyzing the reason whymass animal death happened.9. What does the underlined word “annihilated” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. destroyedB. defeatedC. decreasedD. disappeared10. Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?A. Drought caused 13 cases of distinctionin bird populations.B. Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.C. Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.D. Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.11. What can we infer from Professor Watson’s words?A. Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.B. The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.C. Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.D. Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species’ survival.DFirst grader Gavin Clampett was diagnosed(诊断) with Tourette’s Syndrome at the age of five. Due to the neurological(神经的) disorder, he always experiences a variety of sudden uncontrolled movements and sounds.The uncontrollable actions mean that he often gets dirty looks from strangers in public and kids make cruel comments on the school bus and in class. In an effort to prevent the unkind comments, Gavin’s mother, 32­year­old Rebecca Clampett helped him make a video with his sister Brynn, nine, and played it to pupils at his school to help them understand the condition.In the video, which Rebecca also shared on YouTube, Gavin’s sister Brynn starts by answering the question “What is Tourette’s Syndrome?” She explains, “It is a neurological disorder, which means it affects the brain so that a person makes unwanted movements. These are called tics(抽搐), but not like a tic that is found outside. These tics can be very noticeable or not very noticeable, quiet or loud.”School can be hard for all kids. That canbe even harder for children like Gavin because they have to face people who laugh at them every single day. “I feel like my brother and every other kid who has Tourette’s Syndrome are brave. So be kind to them and don’t treat them differently because they are just like you”, Brynn says in the video.Gavin concludes, “Everyone could play with someone. Some people think I can’t because I’m different but actually I can. Some are afraid that I will say dirty words, but actually I won’t. The disease bothers me a little, but I’m OK.”12. What can we know about Tourette’s Syndrome?A. It can be treated with drugs.B. It is usually found at an early age.C. People with it will say dirty words.D. People with it can make uncontrolled sounds.13. Because of the disease, others often _________.A. take pity on GavinB. give a hand to GavinC. keep away from GavinD. look down upon Gavin14. In the video, Gavin’s sister __________.A. explains her brother’s diseaseB. expresses her love for her brotherC. complains about unkind commentsD. encourages others to donate money15. What can be used to best describe Gavin?A. Lucky.B. Helpless.C. Optimistic.D. Stubborn.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AOutdoor Science Field Trips!1.Which trip caters for more age groups than all the others？______A. Habitat & HomeB. Only Rain Down the DrainC. healthy earth healthy bodiesD. Rockin'and Recycling2.What will you learn from Only Rain Down the Drain？______A. Information about weather．B. Knowledge about water systems．C. Grade specific science standards．D. Stories about Sonoma County．3.Which trip should you choose if you want to learn to forecast the weather？______A. Habitat & HomeB. Only Rain Down the DrainC. Rockin'and RecyclingD. Weather or notBA crew of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently，after braving seasickness and strong winds．For the past three years，the Sea Cadet teenagers who set sail were all male．Roger Noakes，who captained the boat，said this was the first time he'd taken out an all-female crew．The girls asked for an all-girls trip in August this year．The crew set sail along with three adults，Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives．The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts（轮流换班）along the coast and then return．Things turned out differently，however．"The first night was rough because the wind was really hard．The waves were going up and down，"said Abby Fairchild，16．"Everybody got seasick．"Noakes gave the girls the option of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water．"But they decided they were going．"The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts．"We've learned everything from steering（掌舵）the boat itself to putting up the sails to cooking while we have rough seas，"said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox．The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts．They didn't make it to their original destination in Maine，where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner，due to the weather and winds．They said they weren't disappointed，however，as they'd learned a lot．"They learned about boating，and above all，they built confidence and character，"said Noakes ．4.What was special about the US Sea Cadet trip this year？______A. It was the longest sailing trip ever．B. It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip．C. It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever．D. It was the first sailing trip for teenagers．5.What happened on the crew's first day of the trip？______A. They all got seasick．B. They regretted taking the trip．C. They decided to stay in the bay．D. Some of them were injured．6.Which of the following best describes these young sailors？______A. Determined and cooperative．B. Hard-working and talented．C. Understanding and creative．D. Adventurous and skillful．7.According to Noakes，what was the sailors'greatest benefit from the trip？______A. They acquired excellent sailing skills．B. They learned to work in teams．C. They built confidence and character．D. They knew the sea better．CHadi Partovi，founder of Code．org believes every student should learn the basics of computer science just like they do math，physics，or biology，regardless of what they want to do in the future．The expert says knowledge about the subject is important to understand how the world around us works and compares it to learning about photosynthesis（光合作用），even thoughnot every student is going to be a botanist．To spark students'interest，he created the"Hour of Code，"which introduces the world of computing to anyone，from ages 14 to 104，in a fun，interactive manner．Observed annually during Computer Science Week，the event now draws tens of millions of kids from over 180 countries．The"Hour of Code"，which can be scheduled anytime during Computer Science Week，begins with an introductory video on computer science．Participants can then select from hundreds of fun assignments that are sorted by both grade level and coding experience．Though each project is designed to last just sixty minutes，beginners can deal with as many challenges as they desire．To help introduce computer science in classrooms on a more regular basis，Code．org has also developed a catalog of online courses that can be incorporated（纳入）in a school's regular curriculum．Since the nonprofit began offering the courses in 2013，over 704，000 teachers have signed up to teach introductory computer science to over 22 million students worldwide．Thanks to the efforts of the pioneer，about 40 percent of US schools now offer computer science as a subject．The numbers are even higher-an impressive 70 percent-if after-school offerings such as robotics clubs are included．Even more encouraging，eight years ago，just 19，390 students took an Advanced Placement Computer Science exam．By the spring of 2017，the number had jumped 415 percent to 99，868．8.Why did Hardi Partovi create the"Hour of Code"？______A. To train computer scientists for the future．B. To introduce the world of computing to teachers．C. To add a programme to Computer Science Week．D. To help people learn computer science in a fun way．9.The"Hour of Code"is so called most probably because ______ ．A. it is observed annuallyB. it can be scheduled anytimeC. its projects last sixty minutes eachD. its tasks can be sorted by coding experience10.What do we know about Code．org's online courses？______A. Schools can use them regularly in their classrooms．B. They help the developer make lots of money．C. Over 704，000 teachers have been learning them．D. They have existed for over 10 years up to now．11.What do the numbers show in the last paragraph？______A. The efforts of Hadi Partovi．B. The influence of robotics clubs．C. The effect of Hadi Partovi's efforts．D. The development of many US schools．DWood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material．It is cheap，durable，easily available，and most importantly，environmentally sustainable．The one thing it is not，is transparent! Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm's KTH Royal Institute of Technology the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list．Lead researcher Dr，Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices．The team began by pulling out the wood's lignin（木质素）．The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer（聚合物）and baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours．The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also，almost transparent．The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood．While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips，the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications．The researchers，who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11，picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light，or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy．Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings．Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels．The semitransparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor，thus resulting in better solar efficiency．Additionally，substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost．They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use．12.What does the underlined part"that feature"in Paragraph 1 refer to？______A. Cheap．B. Durable．C. Sustainable．D. Transparent．13.Which of the following correctly shows the process in which the transparent wood is made？______①Dip the wood into a polymer．②Adjust the amount of the polymer．③Make the wood lignin-free．④Bake the wood for some time．A. ③→①→④→②B. ③→①→②→④C. ①→②→③→④D. ④→③→②→①14.Which of the following is true according to the text？______A. Berglund got the idea of transparent wood while making paper．B. Varying the amount of the polymer changes the wood's hardness．C. The transparent wood would be used only for homes and buildings．D. The cost of making the transparent wood still needs to be cut down．15.What is the last paragraph mainly about？______A. The bright future of the transparent wood．B. The wood's role in the design of solar panels．C. The disadvantages of the currently used glass．D. Solar energy manufacturers'carbon footprint．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Where you choose to stay can make or break your vacation experience．But even the most experienced travelers may not know the difference between the two main types ofhomes-away-from-home-hotels and motels．(1) The answer isn't as simple as you'd think．These two types of lodging（住宿）have the same basic purpose-a place for travelers to sleep ．(2) For instance，they came to be for different reasons，and at very different times．The word"hotel"dates back to the 1600s and comes from a French word，hôtel．That word，just like the English one．referred to a place that provides lodging，meals，entertainment，and other services to travelers．(3) This word dates back to the 1920s and combines the words"hotel"and"motor．"As America's major highway system developed，so did motels，filling the need for roadside stops for motorists traveling cross-country．(4) Hotels tend to be built for longer stays，while motels are intended more for one-ortwo-night stops along a journey．Because of this，hotels are much more likely to have offerings like lounges，gyms，and entertainment．(5) Want the place you stay to be just as much a part of your travel experience as anything else ？Choose a hotel，Just need a place to pop in and out of to shower and sleep？A motel might be the better choice．A．There are many secrets that hotels won't tell you．B．But there are plenty of features that set them apart．C．Have you ever stayed in a motel on your vacation？D．Motels，on the other hand，are a much more recent lodging option．E．Besides their first letters，is there any real difference between them？F．So，in the end，it comes down to what you want from your trip and from your lodging．G．There are also other differences that can help you figure out which type of place you're in．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）I work as the reception manager at my hotel．A（n）(21)came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that the guest would be travelling with her (22)father．Just so that we would be aware when (23)with them when they arrived as his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as (24)as possible．Upon seeing this note and noting I would be the one to (25)them in，I decided to learn some basic(26)language．I greeted the guest in my usual way，(27)for the surname on the booking．Once I heard the name I (28)immediately who was standing in front of me．I had been learning for over two (29)how to say"welcome to Ireland．My sign language is(30)，but if you need anything during your (31)just let me know and we will help you"．I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me，turning to the father who I greeted in sign language and began the bit I had(32)for him．The father smiled and was so(33)．Seeing his reaction was (34)for me．It was so worth the last few weeks of learning basic sign language．On check-out I sadly wasn't (35)．but they had left a gift for me with a note saying"thank you very much for what you did on check-in．My father has been in(36)form since you checked us in and insisted we get you a (37)before we left．You have no idea how much this(38)to my father and me and we can't thank you enough．You've made his trip very special with one simple (39)"．They wrote a letter to the general manager also asking to give me a raise．which I really (40)．I cried for a solid 5 minutes when I came to work today to find this gift in my locker．21. A. guest B. invitation C. booking D. warning22. A. deaf B. blind C. forgetful D. stubborn23. A. discussing B. dealing C. cooperating D. bargaining24. A. soon B. long C. formal D. smooth25. A. guide B. invite C. check D. drive26. A. body B. sign C. official D. foreign27. A. asking B. paying C. charging D. applying28. A. greeted B. decided C. forgot D. realized29. A. hours B. days C. weeks D. months30. A. fluent B. terrible C. standard D. helpful31. A. stay B. travel C. study D. dinner32. A. 1earned B. left C. booked D. bought33. A. kind B. tired C. polite D. happy34. A. fair B. enough C. natural D. regular35. A. sleeping B. noticing C. working D. waiting36. A. healthy B. normal C. amazing D. hopeful37. A. job B. gift C. surprise D. chance38. A. meant B. devoted C. attached D. owed39. A. word B. note C. comment D. gesture40. A. deserved B. doubted C. appreciated D. Suggested四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.The Moon's near side，the one we all see，has been the target of many robotic and humanmissions．However，its far side，also (1) （call）the dark side because it faces away from the Earth and little (2) （know）about it，has never been explored．That changed on Jan ．2，2019，when Chinese spacecraft Chang'e 4 made a soft landing on (3) is often referred to as the dark side．The landing is (4) example of China's growing desire (5) （compete）with the American ，Russian and European space programs．China also wants to (6) （strength）its position as a regional and international power．One of the great (7) （difficulty）in exploring the far side of the Moon is that it blocks all radio signals，(8) （make）it impossible to communicate with the Earth．Toovercome this difficulty，in 2017，the Chinese National Space Administration launcheda satellite to orbit the Moon and relay the signals．Once a (9) （rely）communicationpath was in place，Chang'e 4 could send back information．Chang'e 4 will make astronomical observations and examine the structure and mineral composition of the ground above and below the surface，(10) researchers believe will provide insights into the solar system's early days and perhaps even the origin of the first stars．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你打算参加你校下周要举行的主题为"We Are All Dream Chasers"英语演讲大赛，你已经写完初稿，请根据以下提示用英语给你的外教Miss Lucy写一封邮件．1、参加大赛目的；2、请她帮忙纠正发音、润色语言等；3、约定拜访时间、地点．注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【解析】1．C．细节题．根据文章对healthy earth healthy bodies内容的介绍，This program combines the best in science education while making the connection between protecting natural resources and growing healthy bodies．这项计划结合了最好的科学教育，同时使保护自然资源和生长健康的身体之间的联系．和养生以及身体保养相关的内容，会更加得到年纪稍大的人群的青睐，结合选项，故选C．2．B．推理题．根据文章对Only Rain Down the Drain内容的介绍，Introduction to watersheds，Activities reinforce grade-specific science standards that include the water cycle，seasons，weathering，crosion and deposition，the Sonoma County watershed，non-point source pollution，and the effects of water pollution．由此可知，该项目会介绍流域简介，一些活动会加强水循环、季节、风化、侵蚀和沉积、并对索诺马县流域、非点源污染以及水污染的影响等特定等级的科学标准进行了介绍．故参加Only Rain Down the Drain这个活动可以了解到水循环系统的一些知识，结合选项，故选B．3．D．细节题．根据文章最后一个项目介绍内容，They will learn about some of Sonoma County's many microclimates within the parks，and forecast local weather based on observation and data collections．他们将了解索诺马县公园内的许多小气候，并根据观测和数据收集预测当地天气．故想要学习如何预测天气，可以参加Weather or not这个活动，结合选项，故选D．本文章主要向读者讲述了几个户外科学实地考察项目，并对每种项目的活动内容进行了说明和讲解．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．4.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】A【小题4】C【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二段句子：Roger Noakes，who captained the boat，said this was the first time he'd taken out an all-female crew．船长罗杰诺克斯（Roger Noakes ）说，这是他第一次将所有女性船员都带走．可见这是第一次全体女船员的航海旅行．所以选B．2．A．细节理解题．根据第三段句子：The first night was rough because the wind was really hard．The waves were going up and down，"said Abby Fairchild，16．"Everybody got seasick．"第一个晚上很艰难．"16岁的艾比•费尔奇尔德说："因为风很大，海浪上下起伏，每个人都晕船了．所以选A．3．A．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段句子：We've learned everything from steering（掌舵）the boat itself to putting up the sails to cooking while we have rough seas，我们学到了很多东西，从操纵船本身到在风浪中扬帆做饭，在恶劣的条件下做这些事情，可以推断这些年轻的船员能够相互配合有毅力和决心的，所以选A．4．C．推理判断题．根据最后一句话：They learned about boating，and above all，they built confidence and character，"他们学会了划船，最重要的是，他们建立了信心和性格，"可见这次旅行她们树立了信心和品格．故选C．本文主要描述了美国第一次全体女船员的航海旅行，她们在旅行中克服困难相互合作，她们树立了信心和品格．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．8.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】C【解析】1．D．推理判断题．根据第一段To spark students'interest，he created the"Hour of Code，"which introduces the world of computing to anyone，from ages 14 to 104，in a fun，interactive manner．为了引发学生的兴趣，他创造了"小时"代码，介绍了计算从14岁到104岁的任何人的世界，以一个有趣的，互动的方式．可知，他为了帮助人们以一种有趣的方式学习计算机科学．故选D．2．C．推理判断题．根据第二段中Though each project is designed to last just sixty minutes ，虽然每个项目的设计时间只有60分钟．可推知，这就是它"小时"代码名字的来源．故选C．3．A．推理判断题．根据第三段中Code．org has also developed a catalog of online courses that can be incorporated（纳入）in a school's regular curriculum．代码组织开发了一个在线课程的目录，可以纳入在学校的常规课程，可知，学校可以经常在教室使用它们，故选A．4．C．主旨大意题．根据文章最后一段Thanks to the efforts of the pioneer，about 40 percent of US schools now offer computer science as a subject．多亏先驱的努力，现在大约40%的美国学校提供计算机科学作为一门学科，可知讲的是Hadi Partovi努力带来的好处．故选C．本文主要介绍了Hadi Partovi，代码的创始人，为学生学习计算机科学做出了伟大的贡献．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据12.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】A【解析】DBDA1．D．词义猜测题．根据该词所在的句子"Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm's KTH Royal Institute of Technology the m aterial may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list．"句意：现在，多亏了斯德哥尔摩皇家理工学院的科学家团队，这种材料甚至可以将这一特性添加到已经令人印象深刻的列表中．"the feature"特性指前一句"The one thing it is not，is transparent!"中的"transparent"．故选D．2．B．推理判断题．根据第二段中"The team began by pulling out the wood's lignin（木质素）．The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer（聚合物）and baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours．The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also，almost transparent．The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the pol ymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood．"第一步："The team began by pulling out the wood's lignin（木质素）"．该小组首先提取木材中的木质素；第二步："The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer（聚合物）"然后将不含木质素的木材浸入聚合物；第三步："The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the po lymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood"研究人员能够通过改变聚合物的注入量和木材的厚度来调整透明度；第四步："baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours．"在158°F的温度下烘烤4小时．因此步骤为．③→①→②→④；故选B．3．D．推理判断题．根据全文最后一段"They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the tra nsparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use．"他们现在正在试验扩大制造过程的方法，以便透明材料制造成本低，使用方便；因此D项说法正确，故选D．4．A．推理判断题．最后一段讲述了：允许光线通过的木材可以为家庭和建筑带来更光明的未来，木材可以在太阳能电池板的设计中发挥重要作用；用这种新产品替代目前使用的玻璃将有助于太阳能制造商改善碳足迹并降低成本，因此本段主要讲述了透明木材的未来的用途．故选A．本文讲述了科学家新研究出透明木材的过程和方法，以及透明木材在未来的使用．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．16.【答案】【小题1】E【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】G【小题5】F【解析】EBDGF1．E．文章衔接题．根据后文The answer isn't as simple as you'd think．可知答案并不像你想象的那么简单．E项：Besides their first letters，is there any real difference between them ？除了他们的第一个字母，他们之间还有什么区别吗？符合文意，故选E．2．B．联系下文题．根据后文For instance，they came to be for different reasons，and at very different times．可知例如，他们来这里的原因不同，时间也不同．B项：But there are plenty of features that set them apart．但是有很多特性使它们与众不同．符合文意，故选B．3．D．逻辑推理题．根据后文This word dates back to the 1920s and combines the words"hotel"and"motor．可知这个词可以追溯到20世纪20年代，它结合了"旅馆"和"汽车"两个词．D项：Motels，on the other hand，are a much more recent lodging option．另一方面，汽车旅馆是一个较新的住宿选择．符合文意，故选D．4．G．理解判断题．根据后文Hotels tend to be built for longer stays，while motels are intended more for one-or two-night stops along a journey．可知酒店往往是为更长的停留时间而建，而汽车旅馆则更多的是为一个旅程中的一个或两个晚上的停留．G项：There are also other differences that can help you figure out which type of place you're in．还有其他的差异可以帮助你找出你在哪种类型的地方．符合文意，故选G．5．F．语境辨析题．根据后文Want the place you stay to be just as much a part of your travel experience as anything else？Choose a hotel，Just need a place to pop in and out of to shower and sleep？A motel might be the better choice．可知想让你住的地方和其他地方一样成为你旅行体验的一部分吗？选择一个酒店，只需要一个进出的地方淋浴和睡觉？汽车旅馆可能是更好的选择．F项：So，in the end，it comes down to what you want from your trip and from your lodging．所以，归根结底，这取决于你的旅行和住宿．符合文意，故选F．本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了你选择住在哪里决定了你的假期体验成败，但即使是最有经验的旅行者也可能不知道远离家庭旅馆和汽车旅馆的两种主要类型的旅馆之间的区别．作者就此进行了比较．七选五阅读理解的题目常常出现在以下几点：一是描述性结构，主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，因此时间、地点常是出题重点（记叙文）；二是释意性结果，解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用比喻、类比阐述（说明文）；三是比较性结构，把两个人或事物的功能、特点、优缺点进行对比（议论文）；四是原因性结构，主要分析事物的成因，有客观的、主观的，也有直接的、间接的（说明文）；五是驳斥性结构，主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，再分析其优缺点、危害性，最后阐明自己的观点（议论文）．21.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D【小题5】C【小题6】B【小题7】A【小题8】D【小题9】C【小题10】B【小题11】A【小题12】A【小题13】D【小题14】B【小题15】C【小题16】C【小题17】B【小题18】A【小题19】D【小题20】C【解析】1---5 CABDC 6---10 BADCB 11---15 AADBC 16---20 CBADC（1）C．考查名词辨析及句意理解．A．guest 客人；B．invitation邀请；C．booking 预定，预约；D．warning警告．根据前文句子：我在旅馆当接待经理，可见是预定到来，所以答案选C．（2）A．考查形容词辨析及句意理解．A．deaf聋的；B．blind 瞎的；C．forgetful 感激的；D．stubborn固执的．根据后文句子：My sign language is（10）B可见这个爸爸是个聋子，所以答案选A．（3）B．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．discussing 讨论；B．dealing 处理；C．cooperating 合作；D．bargaining讨价还价．根据句意：当他们到达的时候他女儿想去爱尔兰旅游，尽可能顺利地处理了他们的问题．所以答案选B．（4）D．考查形容词辨析及句意理解．A．soon不久；B．long 长的；C．formal正常的；D．smooth顺利．根据句意：尽可能顺利地处理他们的问题．所以答案选D．（5）C．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．guide引导；B．invite邀请；C．check in登记；D．drive驱使．根据句意：我是给他们登记的人，所以答案选C．（6）B．考查名词辨析及句意理解．A．body 身体；B．sign 手势；C．official 官方的；D．foreign外国的．根据前文她爸爸是个聋子，所以我决定学习一些手势语，所以答案选B．（7）A．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．asking 询问；B．paying 付款；C．charging索要；D．applying申请．根据句意我询问他们预定单上的姓氏，所以答案选A．（8）D．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．greeted 问候；B．decided决定；C．forgot忘记；D．realized意识到．根据句意：我一听到这个名字，我立刻意识到站在我面前的人是谁，所以答案选D．（9）C．考查名词辨析及句意理解．A．hours几个小时；B．days 几天；C．weeks 几个星期；D．months几个月．根据后文一句welcome to Ireland，可见前文学习了也就几个小时，所以答案选C．（10）B．考查形容词辨析及句意理解．A．fluent 流利的；B．terrible 恶劣的；C．standard 标准的；D．helpful有帮助的．根据前文学了两个小时的语言，应该是很糟糕，所以答案选B．（11）A．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．stay 逗留；B．travel 旅游；C．study学习；D．dinner用餐．根据句意是在他们逗留期间，我会帮助你，所以答案选A．（12）A．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．1earned学习；B．left留下；C．booked 预定；D．bought买．根据句意我为他学到的一些手语，所以答案选A．（13）D．考查形容词辨析及句意理解．A．kind 和蔼的；B．tired 疲倦的；C．polite 礼貌的；D．happy高兴的．根据句意爸爸笑着还很高兴，所以答案选D．（14）B．考查形容词辨析及句意理解．A．fair 公平的；B．enough 足够的；C．natural 自然的；D．regular有规律的．根据句意看到他的反应我感觉到足够了，所以答案选B ．（15）C．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．sleeping 睡觉；B．noticing注意；C．working 工作； D．waiting等待．根据句意在退房的时候我很遗憾没有在工作，所以答案选C．（16）C．考查辨析及句意理解．A．healthy健康的；B．normal 正常的；C．amazing 令人惊异的；D．hopeful充满希望的．根据句意：自从你给我们登记以来我爸爸的状态一直很令人惊异，所以答案选C．（17）B．考查名词辨析及句意理解．A．job 工作；B．gift礼物；C．surprise 惊讶；D．chance机会．根据句意：根据前文他们给我留了礼物，可见这里我爸爸坚持给你一个礼物，所以答案选B．（18）A．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．meant 意味着；B．devoted 奉献；C．attached 依附于；D．owed拥有．根据句意：你不知道这个礼物对于我和我爸爸意味着什么，所以答案选A．（19）D．考查名词辨析及句意理解．A．word 单词；B．note便条；C．comment 评论；D．gesture手势．根据前文我的一个手势语welcome to Ireland，可见是一个简单的词汇，所以答案选D．（20）C．考查动词辨析及句意理解．A．deserved值得，应受；B．doubted怀疑；C ．appreciated 欣赏；D．Suggested建议．根据句意：他们给总经理写了封信，还要求给我加薪，所以我很感激他们，故答案选C．本文作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助他们登记的故事，因为父亲是个聋哑人，我专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰"，结果父亲对于我的接待很满意，走得时候还送给我礼物，并给经理写信，希望给我加薪．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．41.【答案】【小题1】called 【小题2】isknown【小题3】what【小题4】an【小题5】tocompete【小题6】strengthen 【小题7】difficulties【小题8】making【小题9】reliable【小题10】which【解析】1． called．考查非谓语，its far side与call是动宾关系，故填过去分词作后置定语，故填called．2．is known．考查被动，主语是单数名词，被了解，故填is known．3．what．考查连词，what引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what．4．an．考查冠词，example是元音开头，表示泛指，故填an．5．to compete．考查不定式，（the）desire to do sth：做某事的渴望，故填to compete．6．strengthen．考查动词，want to do sth：想要做某事，故填strengthen．7．difficulties．考查名词，根据one of可知后面填写名词复数，故填difficulties．8．making．考查非谓语，difficulties与make是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填making．9．reliable．考查形容词，形容词修饰名词，故填reliable．10．which．考查连词，which指代前面的事情，在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which ．文章讲述了中国的宇宙飞船嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆．语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力．解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．42.【答案】【小题1】Dear Lucy，I'm planning to participate in the English Speech Contest to be heldin our school next week．【高分句型一】Thetopic is about " We Are All Dream Chasers"．I am writing to ask you to do me a favor．（说明书信目的）To improve my spoken English and my skill in making publicspeeches，I want to grasp this greatopportunity． I've finished my draft and I am wondering if youcan help me polish the language andsolve problems in my pronunciation as well．【高分句型二】Is it possibe for me to call on you at 3p． m． this Saturdayin your office？ I know you have a busy schedule and I'd appreciate it if you could consider it．（说明参加大赛的目的，请她帮忙纠正发音、润色语言等并且约定拜访时间和地点）Looking forward to your reply．（期盼回复）Yours，Li Hua 【小题2】略【小题3】略【解析】高分句型1．I'm planning to participate in the English Speech Contest to be held in our school next week．句子里，固定短语participate in 表示参加；修饰名词the English Speech Contest，用动词不定式的被动 to be held做定语，表示将要被举行．我计划参加下周在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛．2．I've finished my draft and I am wondering if you can help me polish the language and solve problems in my pronunciation as well．句子里，if 引导宾语从句you can help me polish the language andsolve problems in my pronunciation as well．我已经写完草稿了，我想知道你是否能帮我润色一下语言，解决我发音上的问题．本文属于提纲作文，动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．。

2020年山东省济宁一中高考英语一模试卷第一部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分．满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．1．（7.5分）Six years ago，Sam Shapiro's family adopted a 15﹣year﹣old boy from Cite Soleil，Haiti．A few years later，in June 2015，Shapiro wanted to learn more about where his brother grew up，so he visited his brother's hometown．What Shapiro saw was a small city where 100 percent of the population lived in poverty．He saw homeless children with no access to education，activities or safe spaces to play．He also saw a run﹣down，abandoned basketball court．Shapiro couldn't fix everything．But he could do something．"I thought athletics could be used to give kids opportunities for organized activities that could keep them off the streets，" said Shapiro．A year after his first visit，Shapiro returned to Cite Soleil with his friend Jack Moe．Thenext month，Shapiro and Moe ﹣then 16﹣year﹣old sophomores （大二学生）at the Blake School ﹣formed a nonprofit，called "Sprint to Cite Soleil"，to benefit the city's youth．The core program of Sprint to Cite Soleil is basketball，but it also consists of nutrition and community﹣building to benefit children aged 5 to 18．"Our mission originally was to provide a new basketball court，" said Moe．"But we soon realized that a lot of kids wanted to play basketball，and more than just a court was needed．We sent jerseys，basketballs，basketball pumps and shoes．Hundreds of kids showed up for a clinic．"They soon hired 10 coaches and four cooks to prepare nutritious meals for the 160 boys and girls who train every Saturday and Sunday．And they hired director Joseph Sadrack， a local native，whom Shapiro calls "trustworthy and right for the leadership position …"From the start，Shapiro，Moe and Sadrack agreed on how the program should develop．"We are very much a partnership，" said Shapiro．"Personally，I've seen a lot of organizations trying to help in foreign countries．They have their own mindset and want to do things their way．""I'm not living there，" he continued．"I don't know what they need．Before any decision is made，we ask Joseph，‘What can we do？' and，‘What do they need？'"Now sophomores in college ﹣Shapiro at Wake Forest University in North Carolina and Moe at Stanford in California ﹣they continue their work as co﹣presidents of the nonprofit．Shapiro said it's been a rewarding experience．"I'm proud that，despite the somewhat of a language and cultural barrier，we're able to communicate，" said Shapiro．"I'm proud that others believe in us and trust us．That's what we're most proud of．Being able to create it and maintain it．"（1）Why did Shapiro go to Haiti？A．To visit his brother．B．To do a part﹣time job．C．To help his family adopt a kid．D．To learn about his brother's hometown．（2）What do we know about Sprint to Cite Soleil？A．It is only run by two American boys．B．It makes profits from the local government．C．It stopped after Shapiro became a sophomore．D．It provides resources for children and teens．（3）What does Shapiro learn from the program？A．The language barrier is a big problem．B．It will be great for his future career．C．It is difficult but gives him a good feeling．D．It is too expensive but he will continue．2．（10分）I still remember I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010．We were in the fallout of the recession （经济衰退）．She said a polite "no"．That didn't stop me．I Googled the measurements for a keyboard，drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk．I would click notes on an online keyboard and "play"them back on my paper one ﹣keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head．I spent six months playing without touching a real piano．Once my mom saw that I wasserious，she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons．I still remember the first one．I was struck by how real the sound of the piano was．I sat my grade one after eight lessons．Once I started secondary school，we couldn't afford lessons again．I passed grade three，then grade five，practicing only on my piece of paper．One evening，when I was about 13，my mom said she had a surprise for me；it was an electronic keyboard，bought with more borrowed money．It was the first time I'd played for her．She was in shock．My school didn't offer music A﹣level．I found the Purcell School for young musicians．The tryouts were difficult．Some of the questions involved an estimation （评价）of the composer or when it was written．I felt overwhelmed．To my amazement I was offered a place．At Purcell，I spent two years working as hard as I could．I performed to raise money and saved enough to buy my first piano．When I left Purcell，I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize．I am now at the Guildhall School in London．I feel proud：it's been 10 years since I drew my paper piano，and I'm at one of the world's leading music schools．The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano：what we call mental practice．The paper piano helped spark my curiosity about how music works，the building blocks that form the pieces．（1）Why did the author's mom buy him lessons at last？A．She suddenly made a fortune．B．She had no doubt of his talent for piano．C．She realized he meant what he said．D．She was shocked by his first performance．（2）Which of the following can best describe the author？A．honest and practical．B．determined and hardworking．C．humorous and reliable．D．rebellious and pessimistic．（3）The word "irony" in the last paragraph shows that the author was．A．surprisedB．absurdC．satisfiedD．curious（4）What's the author's main purpose of writing this article？A．To introduce the method of mental practice．B．To share how he convinced his mom to buy a piano．C．To encourage people to stick to their dreams．D．To describe how costly it is to learn an instrument．3．（10分）We say that technology is a double﹣edged sword ﹣while it brings convenience，it also brings new problems．The sword of "social media" even has a gender preference in its damage：It cuts deeper into girls than boys．Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers' mental health．Constantly watching their friends show off "perfect" lives can hurt their own self﹣esteem．That's not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying．Jean Twenge，a professor at San Diego State University in the US，recently discovered an alarming trend：Since 2010，the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression ﹣showing signs like self﹣harm and suicide ﹣has increased much faster than that of boys．In an article she wrote at The Conversation，Twenge said social media，again，was to blame．For starters，girls use social media more than boys．Boys tend to spend their screen time on games，where they talk to their teammates through headphones．This counts as real human contact．Girls，however，simply type and browse through posts，which is a much more isolated experience．"They're not having a real﹣time conversation with someone，"Mary Fristad，psychologist at The Ohio State University，told NPR．And when it comes to online shaming，girls are also more vulnerable than boys．"Girls face more pressure about their appearance，which could be exacerbated （加重）by social media，" wrote Twenge．Shannon McLaughlin，for example，is an 18﹣year﹣old from Blackburn College in the US．She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed．"I was constantly confronted by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked．This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture，" she said．But McLaughlin found a solution．She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service，where she made face﹣to﹣face contact with people．"It's so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we're trying to impress at our fingertips，" she told the Guardian．And she hopes that others "look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them"．（1）What did Twenge find in her recent study？A．Overuse of social media harms teenagers' mental health．B．Social media does more harm to girls than boys．C．Girls suffered more from bullying than boys．D．Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers' depression．（2）Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online，according to Mary Fristad？A．Girls have less real﹣time interaction with people．B．Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls．C．Girls suffer more pressure on social media．D．Girls usually desire more contact with others．（3）The underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ""．A．adjusting oneself wellB．fighting back bravelyC．being unconcerned about somethingD．being likely to be at risk of something（4）What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do？A．Ignore social media and stop following a diet．B．Connect more with the real world．C．Constantly take part in volunteer work．D．Make better use of phones for socializing．4．（10分）On the summer of 1995，a second﹣year graduate student named Sergey Brin was giving a tour of Stanford University to prospective students．Larry Page，an engineering graduate from the University of Michigan，was one of those being shown around the campus．"We both found each other obnoxious and annoying with strong opinions about things，"said Brin．"But we said it a little bit jokingly．Obviously，we spent a lot of time talking to each other，so there was something there．"The technology of the web at the time meant that people could tell where a webpage linked to just by reading its code．However，to get a complete list of every page to which it linked，they needed to check every other website on the Internet．Page's "BackRub" project aimed to qualify these backlinks （反向链接）．It was a complex task that not only demanded vast computing resources，but also required extremely complex mathematics，which was where the math genius Brin came in．Later，Page and Brin came up with the PageRank algorithm ﹣a ranking system which would prove to be a breakthrough idea．And then，BackRub became Google，a play on the term "googol，" meaning "10100．" The system successfully enabled users to search all 24 million pages stored in its database．On September 15，1997，Google．com was registered．In August 1998，it got its first funding in the form of a check for ﹩100，000 written by Andy Bechtolsheim，co﹣founder of Sun Microsystems，to "Google Inc．" But still there were troubles．Later that month，Page and Brin moved into the garage （车库）of friend Susan Wojcicki （now the CEO of YouTube），and received further investment from Amazon founder Jeff Bezos，among others．Early in 1999，Page and Brin attempted to sell Google to Excite，at the time the No．2 search engine behind Yahoo，for one million dollars．However，even after the pair had been talked down to ﹩750，000，Excite CEO George Bell rejected them．With no buyer in sight，Google started hiring engineers and moved to an office in California in March 1999．In 2001，Eric Schmidt was hired first as chairman and then CEO，leaving Page and Brin to continue developing Google's products and technologies respectively．By the end of its first decade，Google had effectively won the search engine wars．（1）According to the article，what can we learn about Larry Page and Sergey Brin？A．They first met each other when studying at Stanford．B．They found their first encounter rather unpleasant．C．They had no intention of running a business initially．D．They got financial support from Stanford to work on the ranking system．（2）Paragraphs 4 to 5 mainly talk about．A．what motivated Page to launch the "BackRub" projectB．how the "BackRub" project led to the founding of GoogleC．how the PageRank algorithm workedD．how Brin joined Page in carrying out the "BackRub" project（3）According to the article，who did NOT make an investment in Google？①Andy Bechtolsheim．②Susan Wojcicki．③Jeff Bezos．④George Bell．A．①②B．①③C．③④D．②④（4）What may be the best title for the passage？A．The Internet：how it changed the worldB．Giant Google：how it beat Excite and YahooC．Excite：CEO regretted for refusing the best offerD．Google at 20：how two students changed the Internet第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．5．（10分）Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia （NCP），also named COVID ﹣19 by WHO，there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen．Fever，coughing，sore throat，difficulty breathing ﹣the NCP's symptomsare similar to the common cold or the flu，but it's potentially more dangerous．Viruses could be deadly，like HIV and Ebola．（1）How can they cause so much trouble？Viruses are non﹣living organisms approximately one﹣millionth of an inch long．Unlike human cells or bacteria，they can't reproduce on their own．Instead，they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce，spread and take over．Viruses can infect every living thing ﹣from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria．（2）Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal．Other viral infections bring about no noticeable reaction．Viruses lie around our environment all of the time，waiting for a host cell to come along．They can enter our bodies by the nose，mouth，eyes or breaks in the skin．（3）For example，HIV，which causes AIDS，attacks the T﹣cells of the immune system．But the basic question is，where did viruses first come from？（4）"Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult，" Ed Rybicki，a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa，told Scientific American，"because viruses don't leave fossils （化石）and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded．"However，there are three main theories to explain the origin of viruses．First，viruses started as independent organisms，then became parasites （寄生者）．Second，viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms．Third，viruses co﹣evolved with their host cells，which means they existed alongside these cells．（5）The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation．Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers．A．But what are viruses？B．For the time being，these are only theories．C．Once inside，they try to find a host cell to infect．D．The answer may be even less satisfactory than it now appears．E．Until now，no clear explanation for their origin exists．F．Experts are concerned about the bad effect that it had on people's health．G．For this reason，they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life．第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分22.5分）第一节（共1小题；每小题22.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．6．（22.5分）These days，teenagers often have their noses buried in a cellphone or other electronic devices．They are often so（1）with what's happening on social media that they often （2）what's going on around them．But you（3）can't say that about this 17﹣year﹣old．Seeing（4）the teen helped an elderly woman who was （5）at the Dollar General just restored my（6）in our youth!17﹣year﹣old Senquavlous Driver joined his（7），Connie，for a trip to the Dollar General．They'd put down their shopping and were starting to pull out when Senquavious noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her（8）．She succeeded but was having trouble walking．Senquavious wasted no time coming to the （9）!The teen jumped out of his aunt's car without hesitation．He helped the elderly woman to the sidewalk and（10）with her into the store．She was there to get soda，but could hardly walk．The woman explained that she'd recently（11），hurting her back and face．So，Senquavious stayed with her the whole time，helping her get her shopping done，and then saw her back to her car．His aunt watched on，（12）by her nephew's compassion．She pulled out her cellphone and took some photos．"I was in （13）taking pictures because he didn't hesitate to help her，and that made me happy，" she said．Connie proudly（14）the photos of her nephew's act of （15）on Facebook，saying，"I hope he continues to do great things in his life．"（1）A．concerned B．associated C．satisfied D．pleased（2）A．remind B．review C．ignore D．notice（3）A．generally B．actually C．basically D．certainly（4）A．why B．how C．when D．if（5）A．moving B．complaining C．struggling D．driving（6）A．interest B．faith C．respect D．delight（7）A．aunt B．mother C．teacher D．grandma（8）A．car B．store C．home D．sidewalk（9）A．conclusion B．rescue C．end D．point（10）A．dealt B．stopped C．continued D．began（11）A．driven B．walked C．played D．fallen（12）A．amazed B．inspired C．attracted D．touched（13）A．sweat B．tears C．relief D．silence（14）A．chose B．remembered C．shared D．described（15）A．bravery B．kindness C．sympathy D．gratitude第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．7．（15分）Beijing HutongThe real culture of Beijing（1）（lie）in the culture of Hutong and Siheyuan （courtyards）．How true it is! They have special appeal（2）tourists at home and abroad．Hutong is the name （3）（give）to a narrow lane or small street between rows of courtyards，where Beijingers lived in the past．When（4）（view）from the air，one can see that lanes are like a chessboard with delicate gardens，fine rockeries and ancient ruins which make them a wonder in the world．Once one enters any of the lanes，one can feel the deep and warm relationships among people，（5）is rarely found in this modern world．On account of the lanes，every house is connected to the other，allowing the local people （6）（keep）in touch with their neighbors．In the lanes one can experience the life of the （7）（local）．The public bathrooms and toilets can（8）（find）．Shops sell all kinds of goods that satisfy the local people's daily needs．Gossiping in these lanes is a common scene as it is the main way for people to （9）（strength）their relationship．Where there is such a lane，there is a story．If one wants to explore the culture and experience Beijing Hutong food and Hutong shopping，a Hutong tour is （10）must﹣see．第三部分写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）8．（15分）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Terry一直关注你所在城市的新冠状肺炎（COVID ﹣19）疫情，他来信询问你的健康和高考备考情况，请你回复邮件，要点如下：1．表示感谢；2．空中课堂；3．人生感悟．注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．参考词汇：air class第二节（满分20分）9．（20分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文．续写的词数应为150左右．My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA．My wife and I were traveling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine，we were looking forward to fun，sun and laughter．We boarded the aircraft，without a care in the world．It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida．Shortly after taking my seat，I began to feel sick．I knew something wasn't right but just couldn't find out what was happening．Being a doctor and a stubborn man，I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance．As the aircraft began its departure roll，I lost consciousness for a short amount of time．As I came around，I quickly realized a few things．Firstly，something very bad hadhappened to me．Secondly，the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home．Thirdly，my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control．So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with，but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience．My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up．I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive，checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about．It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much．During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurses，bringing blankets，food，drinks and caring and smile．I was thankful to them．Paragraph 1：Upon landing，I remained in my seat，allowing other people to go first．_____ Paragraph 2：Hearing that，the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans．____2020年山东省济宁一中高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分．满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．1．（7.5分）Six years ago，Sam Shapiro's family adopted a 15﹣year﹣old boy from Cite Soleil，Haiti．A few years later，in June 2015，Shapiro wanted to learn more about where his brother grew up，so he visited his brother's hometown．What Shapiro saw was a small city where 100 percent of the population lived in poverty．He saw homeless children with no access to education，activities or safe spaces to play．He also saw a run﹣down，abandoned basketball court．Shapiro couldn't fix everything．But he could do something．"I thought athletics could be used to give kids opportunities for organized activities that could keep them off the streets，" said Shapiro．A year after his first visit，Shapiro returned to Cite Soleil with his friend Jack Moe．Thenext month，Shapiro and Moe ﹣then 16﹣year﹣old sophomores （大二学生）at the Blake School ﹣formed a nonprofit，called "Sprint to Cite Soleil"，to benefit the city's youth．The core program of Sprint to Cite Soleil is basketball，but it also consists of nutrition and community﹣building to benefit children aged 5 to 18．"Our mission originally was to provide a new basketball court，" said Moe．"But we soon realized that a lot of kids wanted to play basketball，and more than just a court was needed．We sent jerseys，basketballs，basketball pumps and shoes．Hundreds of kids showed up for a clinic．"They soon hired 10 coaches and four cooks to prepare nutritious meals for the 160 boys and girls who train every Saturday and Sunday．And they hired director Joseph Sadrack， a local native，whom Shapiro calls "trustworthy and right for the leadership position …"From the start，Shapiro，Moe and Sadrack agreed on how the program should develop．"We are very much a partnership，" said Shapiro．"Personally，I've seen a lot oforganizations trying to help in foreign countries．They have their own mindset and want to do things their way．""I'm not living there，" he continued．"I don't know what they need．Before any decision is made，we ask Joseph，‘What can we do？' and，‘What do they need？'"Now sophomores in college ﹣Shapiro at Wake Forest University in North Carolina and Moe at Stanford in California ﹣they continue their work as co﹣presidents of the nonprofit．Shapiro said it's been a rewarding experience．"I'm proud that，despite the somewhat of a language and cultural barrier，we're able to communicate，" said Shapiro．"I'm proud that others believe in us and trust us．That's what we're most proud of．Being able to create it and maintain it．"（1）Why did Shapiro go to Haiti？DA．To visit his brother．B．To do a part﹣time job．C．To help his family adopt a kid．D．To learn about his brother's hometown．（2）What do we know about Sprint to Cite Soleil？DA．It is only run by two American boys．B．It makes profits from the local government．C．It stopped after Shapiro became a sophomore．D．It provides resources for children and teens．（3）What does Shapiro learn from the program？CA．The language barrier is a big problem．B．It will be great for his future career．C．It is difficult but gives him a good feeling．D．It is too expensive but he will continue．【解答】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，Six years ago，Sam Shapiro's family adopted a 15﹣year﹣old boy from Cite Soleil，Haiti．A few years later，in June 2015，Shapiro wanted to learn more about where his brother grew up，so he visited his brother's hometown．六年前，山姆•夏皮罗的家人收养了一个来自海地太阳城的15岁男孩．几年后，2015年6月，夏皮罗想了解更多关于他哥哥成长的那个地方的信息，于是他去了哥哥的家乡．可知，Shapiro 是为了了解哥哥的家乡，于是去了海地．结合选项，故选D．2．D．推理判断题．根据文章第六段，The core program of Sprint to Cite Soleil is basketball，but it also consists of nutrition and community﹣building to benefit children aged 5 to 18．可知，Sprint to Cite Soleil 的主要项目是篮球，但它也包括营养和社区建设，以造福5至18岁的儿童．因此，该项目为儿童和青少年提供各种资源，结合选项，故选D．3．C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，"I'm proud that，despite the somewhat of a language and cultural barrier，we're able to communicate，" said Shapiro．"I'm proud that others believe in us and trust us．That's what we're most proud of．Being able to create it and maintain it．"可知，Shapiro说："我很自豪，尽管语言和文化有点障碍，但我们能够交流．我很自豪其他人相信我们，信任我们，这是我们最自豪的．能够创造和维护我们．"可知，Shapiro觉得这个项目虽然困难重重，但是他很骄傲自豪．结合选项，故选C．2．（10分）I still remember I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010．We were in the fallout of the recession （经济衰退）．She said a polite "no"．That didn't stop me．I Googled the measurements for a keyboard，drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk．I would click notes on an online keyboard and "play"them back on my paper one ﹣keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head．I spent six months playing without touching a real piano．Once my mom saw that I was serious，she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons．I still remember the first one．I was struck by how real the sound of the piano was．I satmy grade one after eight lessons．Once I started secondary school，we couldn't afford lessons again．I passed grade three，then grade five，practicing only on my piece of paper．One evening，when I was about 13，my mom said she had a surprise for me；it was an electronic keyboard，bought with more borrowed money．It was the first time I'd played for her．She was in shock．My school didn't offer music A﹣level．I found the Purcell School for young musicians．The tryouts were difficult．Some of the questions involved an estimation （评价）of the composer or when it was written．I felt overwhelmed．To my amazement I was offered a place．At Purcell，I spent two years working as hard as I could．I performed to raise moneyand saved enough to buy my first piano．When I left Purcell，I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize．I am now at the Guildhall School in London．I feel proud：it's been 10 years since I drew my paper piano，and I'm at one of the world's leading music schools．The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano：what we call mental practice．The paper piano helped spark my curiosity about how music works，the building blocks that form the pieces．（1）Why did the author's mom buy him lessons at last？CA．She suddenly made a fortune．B．She had no doubt of his talent for piano．C．She realized he meant what he said．D．She was shocked by his first performance．（2）Which of the following can best describe the author？BA．honest and practical．B．determined and hardworking．C．humorous and reliable．D．rebellious and pessimistic．（3）The word "irony" in the last paragraph shows that the author was A．A．surprisedB．absurdC．satisfiedD．curious（4）What's the author's main purpose of writing this article？CA．To introduce the method of mental practice．B．To share how he convinced his mom to buy a piano．C．To encourage people to stick to their dreams．D．To describe how costly it is to learn an instrument．【解答】1．C．细节理解题．根据第二段的Once my mom saw that I was serious，she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons．我妈妈一看到我是认真的，就借钱给我买了10。

2020届济宁市第一中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBIt’s easy to do easy things, but they don’t carry the challenges and rewards of doing something difficult. Scott Kelly said he tried to express that view everywhere he went. And he spoke from experience, having spent a career that included the time as a NASA astronaut, US Navy captain, fighter pilot, and engineer.Scott spoke at the University of North Alabama, sharing stories about his experience of spending a year on the International Space Station (ISS). He said the physical pressure of living in weightlessness for a year was hard to describe and that the fluids(积水) in his head sometimes made him feel like he was standing on his head. It also needed some time to recover when he returned home. “My legs were weak and it would be uncomfortable to sit for a while because my body hadn’t had that pressure so long,” Scott said.He discussed life aboard including spending time with Russian astronauts. They came from different cultures. He had managed to get along well with everyone aboard as they lived together, worked together, and had to rely on each other. He thought it was one of the most rewarding things in his life.Though life there was not easy, Scott never regretted being an astronaut and going to space. He also discussedexperiences growing up, admitting that he wasn’t always the greatest student but was able to overcome that through hard work and determination.“Never give up or lower your dreams. If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don’t even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you’ll find it really rewarding,” Scott said in the end.4. Scott mentioned his experience in the ISS mainly to show ________.A. he enjoyed making speechesB. he was a responsible astronautC. his life in space was challengingD. the daily life of an astronaut can be boring5. What may benefit Scott most when he lived with Russian astronauts?A. He won some awards through teamwork.B. He found the fun of living in the Space Station.C. He learned to develop close relationships with others.D. He picked up some knowledge of Russian culture.6. Which of the following can best describe Scott?A. Kind and thoughtful.B. Curious and humorous.C. Easygoing and sociable.D. Hardworking and determined.7. What does the author intend to tell us from Scott’s story?A. It’s importantto have a dreamB. Easy things are also worth doingC. A suitable career leads one to success.D. Difficult things are demanding but rewardingCThe health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above inEnglandandScotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besidesthe named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket（球拍）sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.8. How is the study conducted?A. By doing comparative experiments.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By evaluating survey information.D. By tracking participants for a long time.9. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?A. Ball sports.B. Racket sports.C. Individual sports.D. Traditional sports.10. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. Few people will play football.B. Tennis will become more popular.C. The result of this study is wrong.D. The study needs to be further improved.11. What does the author advise people to do?A. Stick to any sport that you like.B. Play badminton and tennis only.C. Stop running and playing football.D. Do any sport according to guidelines.DA Virginia teen is doing his part to make sure frontline health care workers are getting the meals they need to help them take care of themselves and others.Arul Nigam, 17, of Tyson's Corner, Va. , has had to make several adjustments since his school year ended abruptly in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情).“We didn'thave any classes for like over a month and then after that there were a lot of technical difficulties. So I started to have a lot more free time,” he tells Yahoo Life. “It was really saddening, but it was also something that really surprised me, that our health care workers are facing something like that,” Nigam says. “So I wanted to see what I could do to help them because obviously, they're sacrificing so much and giving so much for all of us. ”In late March, the teen started fundraising efforts with the help of friends and family to help these health care workers receive much-needed meals. He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first. He was also arranging for the orders to be fulfilled at local family-owned restaurants impacted by shutdown orders. So far, Nigam has delivered over 1,000 meals to 22 hospitals in 13 states, including New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.Nigam's efforts have not only helped health care workers, but restaurants as well. With quarantine restrictionstaking a toll onthe food industry, places like Best Coast Burrito in Oakland, Calif. , have lost business over the last few weeks. Best Coast's owner,Alvin Shen, tells Yahoo Life that being able to partner with Arul and others in efforts to feed those on the frontline has been a big help.12. What would Nigam probably do according to his words?A. Study at home by himself.B. Spend the more free time playing.C. Donate some money to health care workers.D. Do something helpful for health care workers.13. What is Nigam's priority when delivering food?A. The urgency of meals.B. The severity of the virus.C. The number of doctors.D. The position of hospitals.14. What does the phrase “taking a toll on” in the last paragraph mean?A. Turning a blind eye to.B. Keeping an eye on.C Causing lots of damage to.D. Answering completely for.15. Where can you probably read this text?A. Science fiction.B. Fashion magazine.C. Life magazine.D. Entertainment newspaper.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

绝密★启用前山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三毕业班下学期高考考前冲刺测试(一)英语试题(解析版)2020年6月第一部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

ABEST BODY FITNESSAbout usYou don’t want just gym membership. You want membership that means something. And that means you need support, expert help and a community.Best Body Fitness isn’t just a gym: it’s full-service fitness membership made for you.Here’s how it works:STEP ONE: Your assessmentWe begin with an assessment session. This is a chance for you to see what we do at Best Body. Our assessment plans are no-cost and no-risk. We’ll also make a training plan specifically for you.STEP TWO: Your trainingWhen you decide to become a Best Body member， we show you what to do， how to do it and why you are doing it. After a few sessions with an expert private trainer you will feel comfortable working out on your own. But don’t worry，we’ll always be nearby if you have questions.STEP THREE: Your membershipMembership works on a month-to-month basis. There are no sign-up fees and no cancellation fees. Start and stop whenever you want. And the best part? Our fees are the most competitive in the whole downtown area.STEP FOUR: Your communityAt Best Body Fitness， we see everyone as part of a big team. And when you work with a team， you can do great things. Join any of our specialized classes，led by expert instructors. Come to our nutrition classes. Participate in our regular social events. Everything is included in your fee.Finally， share some reasons why our members have chosen us over any other fitness centre in the city.It’s so EASYEasy to start， stop， cancel or refund membershipEasy to access —we’re open 24/7， we never closeEasy to do exercise — we have lots of equipment， no long waitEasy to find —in the centre of town， near public transport and with parking1. Which statement about Best Body Fitness is correct?A. It provides you with a fitness assessment after training.B. It offers you a customized training plan.C. It allows you to work out without any fees.D. It asks you to work out on your own.2. What is the best part of Best Body Fitness?A. Its price is quite good.B. Its time is enough.C. Its classes are no-risk.D. Its trainers are experienced.3. What type of writing does this text probably belong to?A. News report.B. Speech.C. Announcement.D. Advertisement.【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D【解析】。

试卷类型：A山东省济宁市2020届高三试题第一次模拟考英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AWhistler, B.C.Beloved by tourists and Canadians alike, Whistler increased its international profile after the success of the 2010 Winter Olympics. With its close proximity (临近) to Vancouver—it’s only two hours north of the city—Whistler offers the ideal winter playground for all ages. Challenge yourself on its snow-covered mountains, enjoy some retail therapy in its 200 shops, or sample the finest cuisine in 90+ restaurants and bars.QuebecFor more than 60 years, Que bec’s world famous Winter Carnival has been one of Canada’s must-visit winter destinations. With evening parades, snow tubing, skating, snow rafting, outdoor BBQs, ice sliding, s now sculpture competitions and dance parties, there’s something for every taste and age. And be sure to keep your eyes peeled for the fete’s main man—Bonhomme Carnaval—Que bec’s beloved snowman and Carnival ambassador.Nova ScotiaYou can’t get more Canadia n than maple syrup, and Sugar Moon Farm in Nova Scotia has tasty fun in store for you! Learn all about the art of maple syrup—and sample the yummy results. Sugar Moon Farm offers warm hospitality along with their sugar camp tours, all-day brunch, maple-tasting experiences and hiking trails. Foodies will be thrilled to take part in Sugar Moon’s Chef Nights when the finest chefs create delicate dinners for a hungry andappreciative audience.SaskatchewanFor a true frontier experience, enjoy a breathtaking journey through the Canadian wild by dog sled. Saskatchewan’s Sundogs Sled Excursions lets you ride along on a trip of a lifetime. Each winter from late November to mid-March, Sundogs takes visitors deep into the beautiful and unspoiled environs of Anglin Lake by dog sled. Sundogs offers a host of amazing activities including puppy camps, half or full day trips, and overnight camping.1.What is Whistler, B.C. known for worldwide?A. The success of the 2010 Winter Olympics.B. Its close proximity to Vancouver.C. Its snow-covered mountains.D. The finest cuisine in restaurants and bars.2.Which is suggested if one has a sweet tooth?A.Whistler,B.C. B. Saskatchewan. C. Nova Scotia.D. Quebec.3. What can be expected in Saskatchewan?A. A snow sculpture competition.B. A maple-tasting experience.C. A cross-country hiking trip.D. A thrilling snow sled ride.BThe expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or behave in a similar way as a larger group.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes an addiction. Teens and young adults may feel forced to smoke, or drink alcohol, which might encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to keep up with the peers.However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off smoking, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so subtle that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with an instinct is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, or it is simply because everyone else is doing the same thing.4. What does the underlined word “instinct” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. A natural tendency.B. An acquired ability.C. A popular idea.D. An obvious mistake.5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A. Potential causes of peer pressure.B. Possible positive effects of peer pressure.C. Negative consequences of peer pressure.D. Tips for coping with peer pressure.6. What is the author’s suggestion when making a decision?A. Simply go with an instinct.B. Ask for advice from adults.C. Listen to the inner motivation.D. Follow in the footsteps of others.7. What is the author’s attitude to peer pressure?A. Objective.B. Ambiguous.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.CThe worst outbreak of desert locusts (蝗虫) in decades is presently underway in the Horn of Africa. It is the biggest of its kind in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia –and the worst Kenya has seen for 70 years.What we are seeing in East Africa today is unlike anyt hing we’ve seen in a very long time. Its destructive potential is enormous, and it’s taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. Most of the countries hardest hit are those where millions of people are already vulnerable (脆弱的) or in serious humanitarian need, as they endure the impact of violence, drought, and floods.We have acted quickly to respond to this outbreak. The primary method of battling locusts is the aerial spraying of pesticides (杀虫剂). FAO’s “Locust Watch” service explains that “although giant nets, flamethrowers, lasers, and huge vacuums have been proposed in the past, these are not in use for locust control. People and birds often eat locusts but usually not enough to significantly reduce population levels over large areas.”The UN’s Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has released $10 million from its Central Emergency Relief Fund to fund a huge scale-up in aerial operations to manage the outbreak.But the window to contain this crisis is closing fast. We only have until the beginning of March to bring this infestation under control as that is when the rain and planting season begins. If left unchecked – and with expected additional rains – locust numbers in East Africa could increase 500 times by June.We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. And we will. At the same time, weneed to pay attention to a bigger picture. This is not the first time the Greater Horn of Africa has seen locust outbreak approach this scale, but the current situation is the worst in decades. This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.8.What is implied in paragraph 2?A. People in East Africa are suffering drought.B. People in East Africa are going through floods.C. The locust outbreak will cause crop failure.D. The locust outbreak is worsening locals’ life.9. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. We need a bigger picture to study the disaster.B. It is the second outbreak of locusts in East Africa.C. It is the largest outbreak of locusts ever in history.D. The outbreak of locusts is fueled by global warming.10. What is the purpose of the text?A. To analyse and compare.B. To inform and call for.C. To argue and discuss.D. To introduce and assess.11. Where does the text probably come from?A. A guidebook.B. A health magazine.C. A news report.D. A chemistry paper.DScientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers haveestimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.12.Why was the system developed?A. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.B. To show the power of lightning.C. To keep track of lightning deaths.D. To protect people from lightning.13. What is special about the system?A. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.B. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.C. It used an effective method of collecting data.D. It required low cost of predicting lightning.14. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?A. Monitor lightning activity.B. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.C. Direct energy from lightning.D. Generate electricity with lightning.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A System of Controlling LightningB. A Method of Forecasting LightningC. A Theory of Employing LightningD. A Model of Creating Lightning第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。