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北京市丰台区2015届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It' s so nice to hear from her again. we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What' s moreB. That' s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not21. I missed supper_______ I’m starving!A．but B．and C.or D.for【答案】 B考点: 考查连词的用法。
22. The doctor asked him___________ the amount of salt in his diet.A. to reduceB. reduceC. reducedD. reducing【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：句意：医生要他减少饮食中盐的用量。
考查固定语法：ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事，故选A。
考点: 考查非谓语动词的用法。
23. Facebook is a place where you can share _________is going on in your life with friends.A. howB. whetherC. whoD. what【答案】 D考点: 考查宾语从句连接代词的用法。
24. She _________the sign language before she served as a volunteer to help thedeaf.A. learnsB. has learnedC. was learningD. had learned【答案】 D考点: 考查动词时态的用法。
英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2．本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。
非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题、草稿纸上答题无效。
4．请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第一部分：听力（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When does the shop close?A．At 7：00．B．At 6：40．C．At 6：20．2．What will the speakers do tomorrow morning?A．Visit Linda． B．Go to the park．C．Go shopping．3．What does the man feel like for dinner?A．Chicken．B．Beef．C．Fish．4．What are the speakers talking about ？A．The man’s working hours．B．The man’s new job．C．The man’s colleagues．5．What does the woman mean？A．The man works hard．B．The man always stays up late．C．The man has bad study habits．第二节（共10小题；每题1．5分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
丰台区2011-2012学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语2012.1第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What does the man do in his free time?A. Watch foreign films.B. Listen to classical music.C. Go camping.2. What’s the weather like tomorrow morning?A. B. C.3. Where are the two speakers?A. At the bank.B. At the hospital.C. At the hotel.4. What are they doing?A. Preparing for the party.B. Doing some shopping.C. Making a tent.5. What does mother mean?A. She takes her son’s decision.B. She refuses her son’s request.C. She gives her son possibilities.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两道小题。
6. What problem did the girl have in her concert?A. She sang a wrong song.B. The lights went out.C. The audience left.7. What does the boy think of the girl?A. She was beautiful.B. She was honest.C. She was calm.听下面一段独白，回答第8至9两道小题。
北京市海淀区2011届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷2011．1(满分150分,考试时间120分钟第Ⅰ卷（选择题共115分）第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题l.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the woman now?A．In Apple Street. B．In king Street. C．In Willow Street.2．Why was the man late?A．He had a visitor. B．He missed the bus. C．He forgot the time.3．What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A．Friends. B．Parent and child. C．Employer and employee.4．How many units must the man review over the weekend?A．Four. B．Five. C．Nine.5．What does the woman mean?A．They prefer to stand. B．They can’t find seats.C．They can sit near the stage. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面6段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将5秒钟的时间阅读每小题；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What is the woman doing?A．Buying a ticket. B．Serving a meal. C．Booking a table.7．When will the woman probably be there?A．At 2:00. B．At 3:00. C．At 5:00.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
北京市丰台区2011年高三年级第二学期统一练习（一）英语试题第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21．What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant ______ another?A．from B．over C．on D．by 22．Babies' health is much more likely to be affected if______ parent smokes．A．both B．none C．neither D．either23．She was busy preparing GRE, ____she managed to find time to help her roommate with the paper．A．or B．so C．but D．and24．The temperature in our city ______ fall to —13℃in winter．A．shall B．can C．must D．should 25．Tom does speak Chinese well, but his reading and writing skills leave much .A．to improve B．to be improvedC．being improved D．having improved26．He is always ready to help others, never ____ them when they turn to him．A．refuse B．to refuse C．refusing D．refused27．He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _____ to．A．spoken B．speaking C．to speak E1．spoke28．Due to a terrible flu that ______ on, many students didn't show up to school yesterday．A．goes B．is going C．was going D．has gone 29．The young man, who by then ______ admission to university, decided to do some part - time jobs to pay for his education．A．gained B．was gaining C．had gained D．has gained30．The internet connection for the entire area _____ when there was a sudden power cut yesterday．A．lost B．was lost C．had lost D．had been lost 31．He always wears glasses except ______ he is playing football．A．that B．when C．where D．whether32．I would have told him the answer, but I _____so busy then．A．would be B．wasC．would have been D．have been33．—Shall I tell your parents what happened?—Not ______ they ask you．A．unless B．since C．once D．though 34．One can't be really happy if ______ he enjoys doing is regarded by society as of no importance．A．how B．that C．what D．where 35．This is not the only example of a plane crash ____ everyone but a child died．A．which B．where C．why D．when第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。
第一学期北京市丰台区高三英语期末考试卷人教版2007．1本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分.共150分，考试时间120分钟.第I卷（选择题，共115分）第一部分：听力理解（共两节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1．When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown?A．At 10:00 B．At 10:30 C．At 11:002．Where does the conversation take place?A．In a photo shop. B．At the airport. C．In a post office3．What happened this afternoon?A．Sue’s dog died.B．Sue was hit by a car.C．The driver was taken to the hospital.4．What does the man want to do ?A．Go to class. B．Buy a gift. C．Ask the way.5．What are they talking about?A．Seasons. B．Temperature. C．Weather.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面6段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．Why did the man get a new TV?A．He loves big televisions.B．His old TV doesn’t work well.C．Televisions are on sale.7．What does the woman think of the new TV?A．It is too expensive.B．It is worth the money.C．It is better than the old one.听第7段材料，回答8至9题。
丰台区2013-2014学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语2014.1 注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2．本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。
非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题、草稿纸上答题无效。
4．请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What will the weather be like ?A. B. C.2. What does the boy want ?A. A DVD.B. A newspaper.C. A football.3. Where did the man leave his camera?A. In his pocket.B. On the bench.C. Near the garden.4.How did the woman get home yesterday?A. She caught a train.B. She drove home herself.C. Her friend gave her a lift.5.What will the man do on his birthday?A. Go out for a meal.B. Have a party.C. See a film. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
听力原文：第一部分：听力理解（共三节）第一节（共5小题）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有一道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话或独白后, 你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话或独白你将听一遍。
Text 1W：I hope to get some bread from the shop before it closes.M：My watch says 6：40, so we have around 20 minutes left to get there.Text 2M：This is a beautiful park. Shall we come again tomorrow?W：Don’t we have to go shopping?M：We can come to the park in the morning and shop later in the afternoon.W：That’s a good idea. We can call Linda to go with us.Text 3W：What’re we having for dinner, chicken or beef?M：Well...W：Then how about fish?M：I don’t see why not.Text 4W：How is your new job?M：The hours are long, but I really enjoy the people I work with.W：I’m sure things will get easier. You just started there.Text 5M：I’m exhausted! I stayed up the whole night studying for my math exam!W：Why do you always wait until the last minute?第二节（共10小题）听下面4段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
丰台区2011年高三年级第二学期统一练习（一）英语2011.4听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. What is not allowed in the museum?A. Watching a video.B. Taking pictures.C. Touching exhibits.14. What should you follow when touring the museum?A. The tour guide.B. The arrows.C. The map.15. What does the speaker talk about?A. The origin of exhibits.B. The history of the Museum.C. The guidelines of the museum.第三节（共5小题；每小题l.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第l6至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。
听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。
这段对话你将听两遍。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）21. What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant _________ another?A. fromB. overC. onD. by22. Babies’ health is much more likely to be affected if ________ parent smokes.A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. either23. She was busy preparing GRE, _______ she managed to find time to help her roommate with the paper.A. orB. soC. butD. and24. The temperature in our city ________ fall to -13℃in winter.A. shallB. canC. mustD. should25. Tom does speak Chinese well, but his reading and writing skills leave much _________.A. to improveB. to be improvedC. being improvedD. having improved26. He is always ready to help others, never _________ them when they turn to him.A. refuseB. to refuseC. refusingD. refused27. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _____ to.A. spokenB. speakingC. to speakD. spoke28. Due to a terrible flu that _________ on, many students didn’t show up to school yesterday.A. goesB. is goingC. was goingD. has gone29. The young man, who by then _________ admission to university, decided to do some part-timejobs to pay for his education．A. gainedB. was gainingC. had gainedD. has gained30. The internet connection for the entire area _________ when there was a sudden power cut yesterday.A. lostB. was lostC. had lostD. had been lost31. He always wears glasses except ________ he is playing football.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether32. I would have told him the answer, but I _________so busy then.A. would beB. wasC. would have beenD. have been33. ---Shall I tell your parents what happened?---Not _______ they ask you.A. unlessB. sinceC. onceD. though34. One can’t be really happy if _________he enjoys doing is regarded by society as of no importance.A. howB. thatC. whatD. where35. This is not the only example of a plane crash _________ everyone but a child died.A. whichB. whereC. whyD. when第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
北京市丰台区 20XX 届高三上学期期末练习试题英语本试卷共150 分。
考试时长120 分钟。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考据号用黑色笔迹署名笔填写清楚，并仔细查对条形码上的准考据号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2．本次考试全部答题均在答题卡上达成。
选择题一定使用2B 铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需变动，用橡皮擦除洁净后再选涂其余选项。
非选择题一定使用标准黑色笔迹署名笔书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请严格依据答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，高出答题地区书写的答案无效，在试题、底稿纸上答题无效。
4．请保持答题卡卡面洁净，不要装订、不要折叠、不要损坏。
第 I 卷（选择题，共115分）第一部分：听力理解（共三节， 30 分）第一节（共5小题；每题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下边 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例： What is the man going to read?A ．newspaper.B ．A magazine.C．A book.答案是 A。
1． Where does the m an prefer to go?A ．The bookshop.B ．The cinema.C．The restaurant.2． When did Peter join a swimming club?A ．In 1990.B ．In 1992.C． In 2001.3． What does the woman like to eat?A ．Fish.B ．Seafood.C．Vegetables.4． What are the speakers doing?A ．Shopping.B ．Parking the car.C． Looking for their car.5． Where does the conversation take place?A ．At the post office.B ．At the hospital.C．At the airport.第二节（共10小题；每题 1.5 分，满分15 分）听下边 4 段对话或独白。
北京市丰台区2010—2011学年度高三第一学期期末考试英语试题本试卷共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2．本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。
非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题、草稿纸上答题无效。
4．请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第I卷（选择题，共115分）第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：What is the man going to read?A．newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。
1．Where does the m an prefer to go?A．The bookshop. B．The cinema. C．The restaurant.2．When did Peter join a swimming club?A．In 1990. B．In 1992. C．In 2001.3．What does the woman like to eat?A．Fish. B．Seafood. C．Vegetables.4．What are the speakers doing?A．Shopping. B．Parking the car. C．Looking for their car. 5．Where does the conversation take place?A．At the post office. B．At the hospital. C．At the airport.第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What is the relationship between the two speakers?A．Teacher and student. B．Brother and sister. C．Mother and son.7．What are they going to buy?A．A book. B．A box of chocolates. C．Some flowers.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．When does the music program start?A．At 12:00 noon.B．At 10:30 in the morning.C．At 4:00 in the afternoon.9．What does the speaker talk about?A．TV program. B．Sports. C．Music.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why didn’t John turn up on time?A．He lost his phone.B．His car broke down.C．He went to visit his friend.11．Where will the woman meet John?A．At the restaurant. B．In the man’s flat. C．In the square.12．What is the man trying to do?A．Speak for John.B．Make a promise.C．Apologize to the woman.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13．What did Lily go to Canada for?A．Visiting friends. B．Learning English. C．Taking a holiday. 14．Why did Lily like staying with the Smiths?A．She could learn to cook.B．She could practice English.C．She could share ideas with them.15．What does Lily think of the Canadian classes?A．The courses are interesting.B．The teachers are very patient.C．The students have more freedom.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16题至20题，每小题仅填写一个单词。
听对话前，你将有20第二部分：知识运用（共两节, 共45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again., we last met more than thirty years ago.A．What’s more B．That’s to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not答案是D。
21．Buy two CDs and get completely free.A．other B．the other C．another D．all22．She came in for coffee and told me traffic kept her awake last night.A．a, the B．a, 不填C．the, the D．the, 不填23．It’s an old car, it’s very reliable.A．so B．but C．or D．and 24．increasing the distance of your walks, you may lose more weight.A．By B．From C．On D．For25．Put on your coat! I you down to the doctor.A．take B．am taking C．took D．have taken26．He collected information on 1,000 people, whose IQ when they were ten years old.A．is tested B．has tested C．would test D．had been tested 27．--- Haven’t I told you that you should be home earlier?--- Yes, but I home earlier than I usually do.A．was coming B．will come C．came D．had come 28．From the dates on the gold coin, we know that it was made 500 years ago.A．marking B．marked C．to mark D．to be marked 29． a little money, Jane was able to buy her mother a lovely new watch.A．To save B．Saving C．Saved D．Having saved 30．The government has taken measures air quality.A．to improve B．improved C．being improved D．to be improved 31．--- Mary I smoke here?--- If you , choose a seat in the smoking section.A．should B．could C．must D．may32．most parents care about is to provide the best education for their children.A．What B．That C．How D．Whether33．In 1963 we moved to New York, my grandparents lived.A．which B．where C．why D．what34．When his dad died, he felt his world had turned upside – down.A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though35．If you had seen a doctor, you much better now.A．are B．will be C．would be D．would have been第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I grew up poor – living with six brothers, my father and a wonderful mother. We had 36 money and few worldly goods, but plenty of love and attention. I was 37 and energetic. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could 38 afford a dream.My dream was to be a 39 . When I was sixteen, I could crush a baseball, throw a ninety – mile – per – hour fastball. I was also 40 : my high – school coach was Ollie Jarvis, who 41 me the difference between having a dream and showing strong belief. One particular 42 with him changed my life forever.It was a summer and a friend recommended me for a summer 43 . This meant a chance for my first income – cash for a new bike and new clothes, and the 44 of savings for a house for my mother. The opportunity was attracting, and I wanted to 45 at it.Then I realized I would have to 46 summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. I was 47 about this.When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as 48 as I expected him to be. “You have your whole life to work,” he said. “Your 49 days are limited. You can’t afford to waste them.”I stood before him with my head 50 , trying to think of how to explain to him why my dream of buying my mom a house and having money in my pocket was worth 51 his disappointment in me.“How much are you going to make at this job?” he demanded.“$ 3.25 an hour,” I replied.“Well, is $ 3.25 an hour the price of a 52 ?” he asked.That 53 laid bare for me the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to 54 that summer, and within the year I was offered a $ 20,000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $ 1.7 million, and bought my mother the 55 of my dreams.36．A．some B．little C．no D．much 37．A．happy B．lovely C．angry D．noisy38．A．only B．ever C．still D．almost 39．A．teacher B．coach C．doctor D．sportsman 40．A．lucky B．satisfied C．hopeful D．surprised 41．A．taught B．asked C．told D．trained 42．A．match B．story C．moment D．incident 43．A．job B．camp C．holiday D．course 44．A．cause B．start C．need D．amount 45．A．stand B．call C．look D．jump46．A．take out B．cut off C．put on D．give up 47．A．excited B．curious C．anxious D．disappointed 48．A．mad B．puzzled C．regretful D．discouraged 49．A．working B．playing C．learning D．shining 50．A．shaking B．hanging C．holding D．nodding 51．A．feeling B．suffering C．facing D．expressing52．A．dream B．game C．chance D．life53．A．offer B．price C．question D．order 54．A．study B．sports C．homework D．business 55．A．clothes B．bike C．house D．goods第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
