【宁波大学考博专业课真题】英语2012

试卷一客观试题Part I Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (48%)Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:My daughter doesn’t know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers – when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes – he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture of Queen Victoria’s partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane.By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own anymore (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonton, Georgia. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth.I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. By the time I was sixteen, my daughter’s age, his breath was a wheeze, embarrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting every third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughing for so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was always leaning on something. One hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low, he died from “the poor man’s friend”, pneumonia.1.When “my father” was very young and poor, he smoked ______.A. CamelsB. MarlboroC. Prince Albert tobaccoD. Queen Victoria tobacco2.The underlined “smoked like chimneys” means ______.A. smoking a lotB. smoking littleC. using a chimney to smokeD. that the cigarettes look like chimneys3.Which of the following CANNOT describe what “my father” looked like?A. Poor.B. Overweight.C. Hard-working.D. Fashionable.4.When “my father’s” breath was a wheeze, ______.A. he stopped coughingB. he often coughed for less than an hourC. he felt rather difficult to climb stairsD. his breath was pleasant to hear5.The underlined “left him low” means ______.A. he was left to live in a low placeB. his body was very weakC. he was not very happyD. the speed at which he smoked was very lowPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is “the hostility stage”. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don’t treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.Usually at this point in your adjustment to a new culture, you devise some defense mechanisms to help you cope and to protect yourself against the effects of culture shock. One type of coping mechanism is called “repression”. This happens when you pretend that everything is acceptable and that nothing bothers you. Another type of defense mechanism is called “regression”. This occurs when you start to act as if you are younger than you actually are; you act like a child. You forget everything, and sometimes you become careless and irresponsible. The third kind of defense mechanism is called “isolation”. You would rather be home alone, and you don’t want to communicate with anybody. With isolation, you try to avoid the effects of culture shock, or at least that’s what you think. Isolation is one of the worst coping mechanisms you can use because it separates you from those things that could really help you. The last type of defense mechanism is called “rejection”. With this coping mechanism, you think you don’t need anybody. You feel you are coping fine alone, so you don’t try to ask for help.The defense mechanisms you utilize in the hostility stage are not helpful. If you only occasionally use one of these coping mechanisms to help yourself survive, that is acceptable. You must be cautious, however. These mechanisms can really hurt you because they prevent you from making necessary adjustments to the new culture.6.When you are in the hostility stage, you try to feel better by ______.A. becoming tired of many things about the new cultureB. adjusting yourself to the new cultureC. experiencing the negative parts of the new cultureD. devising some defense mechanisms7.Which of the following is NOT the symptom of “the hostility stage” according to the passage?A. You begin to feel upset and tired.B. You start to notice that not everything is marvelous.C. You get bored with many things in the new culture.D. You become angry at many foreigners.8.When does “repression” happen in “the hostility stage”?A. When you pretend that you can accept everything and nothing troubles you.B. When you begin to act as if you are younger than you actually are.C. When you do not want to communicate with anybody.D. When you do not need anybody and never ask anyone for help.9.According to the passage, “isolation”is one of the worst coping mechanisms because you______.A. will be laughed at by foreignersB. will become careless and irresponsibleC. will be separated from those helpful thingsD. will be regarded as a child10.In the writer’s eyes, one must be cautious even when occasionally using one of the defensemechanisms because they prevent one from ______.A. feeling that these mechanisms are usefulB. making necessary adjustments to the new cultureC. being easily affected by cultural differencesD. protecting himself against the effects of culture shockPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Each Indian was supposed to keep his birth name until he was old enough to earn one for himself. But his playmates would always give him a name of their own. No matter what his parents called him, his childhood friends would use the name they had chosen. Often it was not pleasing, such as Bow Legs or Bad Boy. But sometimes a name fit so well that the youngster found it difficult to shake it off. If he could not earn a better one from a war later, he could be stuck with a name like Bow Legs for the rest of his life.The Indian earned his real name when he was old enough for his first fight against the enemy. His life name depended on how he acted during this first battle. When he returned from the war, the whole tribe would gather and observe the ceremony in which he would be given his name by the chief. If he had done well, he would get a good name. Otherwise he might be called Crazy Wolf or Man-Afraid-Of-a-Horse. So an Indian’s name told his record or described the kind of man he was.A man was given many chances to improve his name, however. If in a later battle he was brave in fighting against the enemy, he was given a better name. Some of our great fighters had as many as twelve names – all good and each better than the last.An Indian’s names belonged to him for the rest of his life. No one else could use them. Even he himself could not give them away because names were assigned by the tribe, not the family. So no man could pass on his name unless the chief and the tribe asked him to do so.Sometimes an Indian would be asked to give his name to a son who had performed a noticed deed. I know of only three of four times when this happened. It is the rarest honor for a person –the honor of assuming (承担) his father’s name.11.Before an Indian earned his own name, ______ could give him a name besides his birth name.A. his fatherB. the enemyC. the chief of the tribeD. his childhood friendss were important to an Indian because ______.A. their names were given by their fathersB. their names described their recordsC. their names were chosen by their playmatesD. their names were awarded by their chief13.If an Indian had more than ten good names, it meant that ______.A. he was a great fighterB. he had a lot of friendsC. many people in the tribe liked himD. he had fought in fewer than ten battles14.The greatest honor an Indian could earn was ______.A. a name given by the chiefB. the right to use his father’s nameC. a ceremony to get his real nameD. a victory in his first battle against the enemy15.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The names given by the playmates of an Indian were usually not pleasant.B. The life name of an Indian was earned in battle.C. An Indian had very few chances to better his name.D. The Indians themselves were not allowed to give their names away.Passage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Fred, a close friend of mine, lives with six hundred wild animals on a small island. Ever since he left school, where I first knew him, he has traveled all over Africa collecting animals for his zoo. He hoped to collect at least two animals of each kind on his island, like Noah before the Great Flood. But the flood that my friend was afraid of was a flood not of water, but of people. I expect you have heard of my friend; he writes books about his travels and about the wild and wonderful animals that he collects. The money from the books helps to pay for all the food that those animals eat.Fred told me that when he was out looking for water last week (there is not enough water on the island, though there is plenty all around it), he found oil. He needs money for his travels, and for his zoo, and a little oil will buy enough water for a life time; but he knows that if he tells anybody else about it, it will be the end of his zoo and his life’s work.So, if I know my friend, he will not tell anybody (but you and me) about what he found. 16.The writer got to know Fred when ______.A. Fred was at schoolB. Fred began to write booksC. Fred told him the secretD. Fred began to collect animals17.How many animals of each kind does Fred collect ______.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. not mentioned18.Fred is afraid of ______.A. floodB. peopleC. oilD. animals19.Fred pays for the food that the animals eat by ______.A. selling a little oil on his islandB. traveling all over AfricaC. telling people about the secretD. writing books about his travels and animals20.Which of the following can be the best title for the story?A. An Oil FinderB. A Close Friend of MineC. An Animal CollectorD. A Man on an IslandPassage FiveQuestions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage:The United Kingdom could find its full uniqueness in the two traditions – high tea and public houses.The term “high tea” is used as a way to distinguish it from afternoon tea. It is called “high”tea because it was usually taken sitting atop stools in a tea shop or standing at a counter or buffet table. Also, “high” is used in the sense of well-advanced (like high noon, for example) to signify that it was taken later in the day. This ritual was first enjoyed by the English working class during the 1700s as a practical attempt to stave off (击退) hunger pangs between breakfast and supper, because eating just two daily meals was common at the time. Typically the fare of high tea is substantial (丰富的). It consists of a hot dish, followed by cakes and bread, butter and jam. Occasionally there would be cold cuts of meat, such as ham salad.If high tea is about food, a pub which is formally called a public house is concerning the drink. The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns (酒馆). That is why visiting a pub is one of the Britain’s oldest forms of entertainment. The first pubs served only wine, but today they serve mainly beer and ale (麦芽酒). Modern pubs are often controlled by English breweries and only their owner’s products are sold there. To operate a pub in UK, a license which is difficult to obtain is required by law. Pubs open between 11 a.m. and 11 p.m. every day except Sunday,when they must close at 10:30 p.m. The drinking age in Britain is 18, but fourteen-year-olds may enter a pub unaccompanied if they order a meal. Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 p.m., which lets family enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together, and allows pubs to continue in their traditional roles as community centers.21.Which of the following is NOT true concerning the reason why the first unique tradition isentitled “high tea”?A. The term indicates that it is different from afternoon tea.B. People were sitting atop stools in a tea shop or standing at a counter or buffet table.C. It could make people feel high.D. It was taken later in the day.22.What does the underlined word “fare” (Para.2, Line 6) mean in this passage?A. An agenda of things to do.B. A paying (taxi) passenger.C. The sum of money charged.D. The food and drink that are regularly consumed.23.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Visiting a pub is the best way to talk about working or business in UK.B. The law requires people to have a driving license if they want to open a pub.C. Fourteen-year-olds are allowed to enter a pub for a meal even if they visit a pub alone.D. Pubs close half an hour earlier on Sundays because they are controlled by Englishbreweries.24.Why would families bring their children to the pub?A. The pubs are community centers and the family could have a meal there.B. The meal is substantial in pubs who offer cakes and bread, butter and jam.C. They want children to learn the law that the drinking age is 18 but not their ages.D. The parents cannot find people to babysit their children at home.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (7%)Directions:In this part, you will read one passage quickly and answer the following 7 questions on the Answer Sheet with A (for YES), B (for NO) or C (for NOT GIVEN). Then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Deep Blues and Sunny YellowsVincent van Gogh is often remembered as the painter who cut off his ear in a fit (一阵) of passion. He was a lonely man who often went without food in order to buy paints, a man with few friends and a stormy temper. Van Gogh’s strong emotions not only affected his life, but his paintings as well.Many of van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm, yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways. His painting Sunflowers, for example, is filled with vivid yellows and browns. These colors give the painting a feeling of warmth and well-being. However, the sunflowers are actually dead and dying.The result is a painting that mixes the warmth of life that van Gogh loved with the feelings ofsadness that were all around him. It is a painting that is warm, beautiful and sad, all at the same time.Van Gogh’s most famous painting, The Starry Night, takes this mixture of joy and sadness one step further. It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows which represent the sadness van Gogh was feeling as he was painting, rather than what he was actually seeing.This is why van Gogh’s images in his painting look more imagined than real. The stars and moon in The Starry Night are unusually bright, their light swirling (旋动) above the darkening hills. A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night, interrupting its beauty.Because of his wild emotions, van Gogh was not understood during his life. He sold only one painting and never found true love. However, people today who stand in front of Sunflowers or The Starry Night can experience the same joy and sadness van Gogh once did, as he painted those deep blues and sunny yellows.Famous works of Vincent van Gogh:(1885) The Potato Eaters(1888) Bedroom in Arles(1888) Café Terrace at Night(1888) The Red Vineyard(1889) The Starry Night(1889) Irises(1889) Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers(1889) Portrait de l’artiste sans barbe(1890) Portrait of Doctor Gachet25.Van Gogh cut off his ear in order to attract attention from his friends. This statement is______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given26.According to the text, deep blues and sunny yellows reflect the joy and sadness van Goghonce experienced. This statement is ______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given27.Because of Van Gogh’s stormy temper, his wife left him when he was in trouble. Thisstatement is ______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given28.The Starry Night was finished four years later than The Potato Eaters. This statement is______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given29.Van Gogh’s Sunflowers, filled with vivid yellows and browns, was a painting of healthy plants.This statement is ______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given30.Van Gogh’s works tend to be imaginary because his paintings revealed what he felt rather thanwhat he saw in a real sense. This statement is ______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given31.Van Gogh’s talent was not well recognized during his life. This statement is ______.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not GivenPart III Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.32.The boy broke the window, for ______ he was criticized by the teacher.A. thatB. thisC. whichD. what33.I am very grateful ______ you ______ everything you have done for me.A. for; inB. to; inC. for; toD. to; for34.Tom has a tense expression on his face, ______ he were expecting trouble to come at anymoment.A. as thoughB. even ifC. even thoughD. in case35.He had a pen in his hand when he came to the door to open it for me. He must ______something.A. be writingB. have been writingC. writeD. have been written36.I am supposed to be resting and relaxing, but it is just a whole ______ of different things thathave happened.A. bunkB. bunchC. bushD. bump37.Every day the manager has to ______ to the chairman for how he spends the company’smoney.A. accuseB. countC. accountD. accord38.The football star seemed at his ______. He simply missed several chances to score.A. worstB. mostC. bestD. least39.The discovery seems to ______ that people lived here over 10,000 years ago.A. counselB. compromiseC. confirmD. congratulate40.It is a real honor to have the opportunity of meeting the well-known artist ______ person.A. atB. toC. inD. for41.Scientists have warned that the human race will run ______ the fresh water supply one day.A. overB. out ofC. acrossD. after42.It is a matter of that male businesspeople usually wear suits on formal occasions.A. conventionB. conductC. conversationD. consequence43.My sole object was to get ______ from the snow, to get myself covered and warm.A. shellB. shelterC. shelfD. sheer44.The old lady stopped and ______ the wall to rest for a moment.A. held onB. lived onC. counted onD. leaned on45. It is a shame, ______ my viewpoint, that the article was copied instead of written by the authorhimself.A. inB. forC. fromD. as46.A good photograph can often ______ far more than words.A. denyB. depressC. conferD. convey47.They tortured the man to make him ______ his crime.A. confessB. commentC. commitD. conduct48.In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being ______ for the more expensive kind.A. stimulatedB. stereotypedC. specializedD. substituted49.______ the desert is like a sea, ______ is camel like a ship.A. As, asB. Such, asC. As, soD. Such, that50.______ the war lasts, ______ the people there will suffer.A. The more; the moreB. The longer; the lessC. The sooner; the lessD. The longer; the more51.The proposals deserve support as they give______ to the needs of children.A. orderB. targetC. priorityD. requirementPart IV Cloze (20%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following two passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passages. Thenmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage OneGail and I had no 52 about what the future held 53 us as a married, mixed couple in America. The continual 54 of our strength was our mutual trust and respect.We wanted to 55 the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons, and only 56 ten, twenty, or thirty years later that they were 57 , that they hardly took the time to know each other, that they 58 serious personality conflicts in the expectation that marriage was an automatic way to make everything 59 right. That point was emphasized by the fact that Gail’s parents, after thirty-five years of marriage, were 60 a bitter and painful divorce, which had destroyed Gail and for a time had a negative effect 61 our budding relationship.52. A. hope B. informationC. beliefD. illusions53. A. on B. toC. forD. with54. A. source B. resourceC. originD. initiative55. A. copy B. conveyC. forbidD. avoid56. A. find out B. finding outC. find forD. finding for57. A. independent B. incompleteC. insignificantD. incompatible58. A. overviewed B. oversawC. overlookedD. overcame59. A. work out B. work inC. work onD. work at60. A. going along B. going downC. going withD. going through61. A. at B. toC. onD. inPassage TwoOne aspect of American culture is a great belief in independence and self-reliance. Children are 62 to be independent. Many children are given 63 Americans call a “weekly allowance” and are inspired to have part-time jobs at young ages: for boys, newspaper routes, as for girls, baby-sitting. Parents often encourage their children to open 64 accounts, and some high school and college students have their own credit cards.Although American families stress 65 , America is also a youth-oriented nation. In America, a great deal of public 66 is paid to children. In many American families, husband and wife will give up their own plans to go to a vacation 67 in order to please their children 68 choosing amusement parks like Disney World and Disneyland. The 69 industry in America is large and growing rapidly. Americans buy expensive toys for their children. For an American family, Christmas, Easter, and a child’s birthday are 70 events. All of these holidays 71 on the children.62. A. forced B. consideredC. encouragedD. born63. A. what B. whichC. whereD. when64. A. school B. stockC. businessD. bank65. A. independence B. affectionC. happinessD. enjoyment66. A. notice B. considerationC. attentionD. care67. A. spot B. areaC. parkD. zone68. A. in B. byC. forD. with69. A. food B. toyC. clothingD. housing70. A. major B. familyC. familiarD. domestic71. A. fall B. dependC. waitD. center试卷二主观试题Part V Writing (15%)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On the Generation Gap. You should write at least 120 words following the outline givenbelow in Chinese:1. 父母和孩子之间普遍存在代沟；2. 代沟形成的原因（年龄，观点，缺少沟通等）；3. 如何解决代沟问题On the Generation Gap。

2012年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：M: Well, just keep your arm straight there. Fine, there will be a little prick like a mosquito bite. OK? There we go. Ok, I will send that sample off and we’ll check it. If the sample is ok, we won’t need to go on seeing you anymore. W: So you think I’m getting better? M: Absolutely. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?1．A．The woman’s condition is critical.B．The woman has been picking up quite well.C．The woman’s illness was caused by a mosquito bite.D．The woman won’t see the doctor any more.正确答案：B解析：此题考点为细节信息再现。

女士问医生是不是好转了，医生回答说当然，故答案为B。

选项C是干扰项，医生让女病人伸直手臂，并说会有向蚊子叮咬的刺痛，prick的含义是“刺痛”。

听力原文：W: It’s Mr. Cong, isn’t it?M: That’s right. I saw you six months ago with a broken finger.W: Yes, of course. And is that all healing well?M: It’s fine.W: What can we do for you today?M: Well, I’ve been having these headaches in the front, about my eyes. It started two months ago.They seem to come on quite suddenly, and I get dizzy spell as well. Q: What is the trouble in the man now?2．A．A broken finger.B．A terrible cough.C．Frontal headaches.D．Eye problem.正确答案：C解析：此题考点为细节信息再现。

2012年宁波大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译英译汉1．Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life—the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, racing to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of living for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what, at last, I have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But pity always brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.(40 points)正确答案：我的一生由三种单纯而极其强烈的情感支配着，对爱情的渴望，对知识的索求，以及对人类苦难难以遏制的同情。

山东省2012年普通高等教育专升本统一考试英语试卷一第一部分: 听力理解（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.Short Conversations1. A) Give a speech in Professor Jones class.B) See Professor Jones after class.C) Postpone her meeting with Professor Jones.D) Go to the beach with her friends.2. A) Anything but some meat.B) Some fruit only.C) Nothing.D) Some meat and fruit.3. A) The man. B) The woman’s mother.C) The baker. D) The woman.4. A) By plane. B) By ship.C) By car. D) By bus.5. A) 76 B) 67C) 59 D) 696. A) He stopped smoking.B) He still smokes.C) He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.D) He smokes 10 cigarettes a day.7. A) It was better. B) It was a disaster.C) It was not good enough. D) It was great.8. A) Sales clerk and customer. B) Doctor and patient.C) Waitress and customer. D) Teacher and student.Long Conversation 1Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) They’re roommates.B) They’re families.C) They’re cousins. D) They’re friends.10. A) She easily got nervous while speaking in front of others.B) She missed her psychology class.C) She had not finished her homework.D) She failed the English exam.11. A) Go to psychology class.B) Get fully prepared before speaking in public.C) Try to forget about people while speaking in public.D) Never speak in public.12. A) Men become nervous more than women.B) Children become nervous more easily than adults.C) It’s common for women to get nervous.D) Women become nervous more than men.Long Conversation 2Questions 13 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Expensive.B) Interesting.C) Waste of time.D) Boring.14. A) Because he has nothing else to do.B) Because it helps him to get a job in the future.C) Because he loves studying.D) Because he is interested in business management.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 2 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice markedA)、B)、C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer. Sheet with asingle line through the center.Passage OneQuestion 15 to 17are based on the conversation you have just heard.15. A). A letter of invitation.B). A letter of recommendation.C). A letter of introduction.D). A letter of application.16. A). 1997B). 1992C). 1990D). 200017). A). Brigitte once changed her job.B). Brigitte has never been to Dublin.C). Brigitte is going to get married in Dublin.D). Brigitte is a native English speaker.Passage TwoQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the conversation you have just heard.18. A). A college in Switzerland.B). A college in Sweden.C). A college in Britain.D). A college in America.19. A). That all the students agreed to accept Elizabeth.B). That most of the students didn’t mind wh ether to accept her or not.C). That some felt proud to have a woman student on the campus.D). That some thought Liza’s idea very interesting.20. A). Because a famous politician supported her.B). Because he thought her idea was interesting.C). Because he took proud in training the world’s first woman doctor.D). Because he was forced to do so.第二部分：词汇和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题0.5分，共15分）Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D).Choose the answer that best completes. Thenmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line thought thecenter.21. Marry has come; I will put ___________plate on the dining table.A) a further B) a spareC) an extra D) more22. After interviewing several workers, she came to a (an) ___________that their working conditions were very poor.A) observation B) illustrationC) conclusion D) qualification23. He is a student of great intelligence and diligence. ___________, he is a top student in the class.A) Undoubtedly B) FortunatelyC) Nevertheless D) In spite24. Silk and nylon look alike but they ___________ in origin and cost.A) refer B) inferC) differ D) prefer25. What we would like you to know is that we greatly ___________your timely help.A) compliment B) appreciateC) thank D) attach26. Mr. Brown had an unusual ___________: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A) position B) occupationC) profession D) career27. It was ___________of you to get up to catch the first bus so that you could avoid traffic jam.A) reasonable B) sensibleC) sentimental D) sensitive28. Her beauty can not ___________her stupidity.A) make out of B) make forC) make at D) make up for29. Community service can ___________ anything from gardening to helping in old pe ople’s homes.A) involve B) askC) insist D) remain30. There seems to be an electrical problem. I’ll get someone to ___________it.A) look at B) look intoC) look upon D) look out31. After the war, Germany became one of Europe’s most ___________ countries.A) prosperous B) improvedC) swift D) interested32. New computers are soon out of date since newer models are ___________ constantly.A) turned up B) turned overC) turned down D) turned out33. The scene in the movie ___________him of his childhood.A) recalledB) rememberedC) recollectedD) reminded34 The football match was televised ___________from the Worker’s Stadium.A) live B) livingC) alive D) lively35. Color-blind people often find it difficult to___________ blue and green.A) compare B) contrastC) distinguish D) separate36. Mike’s uncle insists ___________ in this hotel.A) that he not stayB) staying notC) not to stayD) that he would not stay37. The office was in darkness ___________ the light over his desk.A) besides B) exceptC) except for D) rather than38. The old lady sat in an armchair, her cat ___________ beside her.A) lay B) lyingC) lied D) laying39. I appreciate ___________ to your home.A) to have invitedB) to be invitedC) having invitedD) being invited40. We are living in an age ___________many things are done on the computer.A) that B) whichC) whose D) when41. We could do nothing but ___________till he came back.A) waiting B) waitC) to wait D) waited42. ___________is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A) As B) WhichC) It D) That43. The driver admitted that not only___________, but he didn’t have a driving license either.A) he was not insured B) he was insured notC) was he not insured D) was not he insured44. She hardly ever leaves the house after ten at night, ___________?A) nor does she B) does sheC) so does she D) doe sn’t she45. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is___________ he was gradually going deaf.A) since B) thatC) because D) as46. She wanted to know what ___________at the meeting.A) has happenedB) was happenedC) had happenedD) had been happened47. Nobody but Smith and John ___________ in the lab yesterday.A) wereB) had beenC) was beD) was48. Mary has just bought herself ___________ dress.A) a cotton expensive blueB) an expensive blue cottonC) a blue expensive cottonD) a cotton blue expensive49. Such an idea would never occur ___________ me.A) to B) withC) from D) on50. Alice, ___________where to find the book, asked her mother where the book was.A) with no knowledgeB) never knowC) not knowingD) not to know第三部分：阅读理解（本大题共20小题,共30分).Part III Reading ComprehensionSectionA.Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choice marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneStrange things happen to time when you travel, because the earth is divided into twenty four time zones, one hour apart. You can have days with more than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or fewer than seven days.If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic ocean, your ship enters a different time zone every day. As you enter each zone, the time changes one hour. Traveling west, you set your clock back; traveling east, you set it ahead. Each day of your trip has either twenty-five of twenty-three hours.If you travel by ship across the Pacific, you cross the international date line. By agreement, this is the point where a new day begins. When you cross the line, you change your calendar one full day, backward or forward. Traveling east, today becomes yesterday, traveling west, it is tomorrow!51. The difference in time between zones is _________ ．A) more than seven daysB) twenty-four hoursC) one hourD) seven days52. From this selection, it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean ______．A) is in one time zoneB) cannot be crossed in five daysC) is divided into five time zonesD) is divided into twenty-four zones53. If you cross the Atlantic Ocean going east，you set your clock ______．A) ahead one hour in each new time zoneB) head by twenty-three hoursC) back one full day for each time zoneD) ahead one hour for the whole trip54.. The International Date Line is the name for _______．A) any time zone in the Pacific OceanB) any point where time changes by one hourC) the point where a new day beginsD) the beginning of any new time zonePassage TwoMost people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their lives. If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide. Specialist advice is available to help you choose the most suitable breed of dog. But in part, the decisiondepends on common sense. Different dogs were originally developed to perform specific tasks. So, if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose a breed that has the right size and characteristicsYou must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to train the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless live in the country and can let it run freely. Dogs are demanding pets. Cats love the house and so are satisfactory with their place which is secure, but a dog is loyal to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master. If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relationship will always be with dogs. They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.55. Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?A) Size and characteristics of the dogs should be considered too.B) It is common sense that is the most important when choosing a dog.C) You should decide what kind of dog you want.D) You can always get help from the specialists.56. What is mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog?A) The price of the dog.B) The color of the dog.C) Whether the dog will fit the environment.D) Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.57. Why does the writer say a dog is a more demanding pet than a cat?A) It must be looked after carefully.B) It demands more food and space.C) It needs more love and care.D) It must be trained so that it won’t bite.58. Why is it advised to buy a baby dog under three months old?A) It’s easier to buy a baby dog under three months old.B) They are less likely to run away.C) They are less likely to be shy with human beings.D) It’s easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.Passage ThreeStudents who want to attend an American college or university must explain how they will pay for their education. They have to show that they will be able to pay for each year of study.Students have to consider not only the tuition, the cost of classes, but also meals and a place to live, known as room-and-board. They also need money for books , supplies ,social activities and other things.Educational advisers say foreign students should keep enough money in a local bank to pay for at least two months of spending. So how much will it cost every year to study at an American school? Generally speaking, the answer is: a lot. The University of Washington says foreign students are paying more than thirty-six thousand dollars this year. Its website says the Universityof Washington does not offer financial assistance to international students.This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level. It means foreign students are faced with a heavy financial burden.The international application for the university includes a Statement of Financial Responsibility that must be signed. Students must also provide a bank letter or statement from within the past six months. And they have to name anyone who will help with payments. These people must send proof from a bank to show that they have the money.The government or employer may be able to help you pay all or some college costs. A good idea is to ask at least eighteen months before you want to start classes in the United States.Enough time should be ensured to go through procedures.59. Which statement is true according to the first paragraph?A) Foreign students in America can hardly support themselves.B) They should show that they are able to pay the first year of their study.C) Room-and-board refers to the expense on meals and accommodation.D) Students intending to attend an American college or university should explain who will payfor their education.60. According to educational advisers, how many months of expense should be ensured by foreign students?A) At least two months.B) At least six months.C) At least twelve months.D) At least eighteen months.61. What is Not included in the international application for the university?A) A signed Statement of Financial Responsibility.B) A name list of anyone who will offer help for payments.C) A bank statement issued in the past six months.D) Proofs from banks showing that the students have got the money.62. American universities _________ to international students at the undergraduate levelA) sometimes offer partial financial assistance.B) occasionally offer financial assistance.C) generally do not offer financial assistance.D) always offer financial assistance.Section B.Directions: Match the Chinese sentences in the left column with the English in the right column.Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.山东省2012年普通高等教育专升本统一考试英语试卷二第四部分翻译（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）Part IV TransalationSection ADirections:Put the following sentences into Chinses.All of them are taken from the passages you have just read.71 Traveling west, you set your clock back; traveling east, you set it ahead._______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 72 Different dogs were originally developed to perform specific tasks._______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________73 A dog is loyal to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________74 This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level._______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________75 The government or employer may be able to help you pay all or some college costs._______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________Section BDirections:Put the following sentences intoEmglish.76 我喜欢农村生活胜过城市生活。

考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第2页共8页12.Piquette must have been seventeen then,although she looked about twenty.I stared at her,astounded that anyone could have changed so much.A.overwhelmed B.greatly surprised C.worried D.frightened13.Hitler’s blood lust and the hateful appetites have impelled him on his Russian adventure.A.ambition B.stomach C.belly D.intestines14.Burne-Wilke’s cabin had the dark,warm,comfortable look of a library den.“I say,Henry,what is your position on shipboard drinking?I have a fair bottle of cherry here.”A.much-contented B.just C.nice D.beautiful15.No one would anticipate that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in history.A.evolve B.run C.develop D.roll16.Mr.President,I second the proposal!(A silence;Hancock swats a fly.)A.succeed B.propose C.support D.stand17.The house detective’s gaze moved on to sweep the spacious,well-appointed room.A.clean B.mop C.clear D.examine18.They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few years,and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.A.work hard B.feel hot C.fall ill D.feel hungry19.Sitting in her chair,she clasped her hands in order to conceal their trembling.A.pretend B.uncover C.prevent D.disguise20.I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.A.imposed B.described C.inscribed D.subscribedSection B.Lexical interpretation.There are ten words or phrases underlined in the following sentences.You are required to use other English words or phrases to explain them with the meanings that best suit those sentences (1×10points).For example:Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.Answer:great eloquence1.Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards,taut and protesting.2.I went back to my room with a heavy heart.I had gravely underestimated the size of my task.3.Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs,or the simple,everyday kitchenware used in this country.考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第3页共8页4.Barring the catastrophe of nuclear war,it will continue to shape both modern culture and the consciousness of those who inhabit that culture.5.The Nazi regime excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.6.It was familiar ground;boy and man,I had been through it often before.But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.7.This is a war in which the whole nation is engaged without distinction of race,creed,or party.8.Ever-increasing production,the drive to make bigger and better things,have become aims in themselves,new ideals.Work has become alienated from the working person.9.I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.10.What they had wanted was an America more sensitive to art and culture,less avid for material gain.II.Cloze (20points)Directions:There are twenty blanks in the following passage.You are required to fill the words or phrases in them that best complete the passage to make a smooth and logical reading semantically,syntactically and textually.The words that you use to fill in the blanks can be any that you think are suitable and able to make the passage smooth in meaning and grammar.Radical feminists,however,remained hostile to the temptations of consumer capitalism.Drawing inspiration from the civil rights slogan “The Personal is Political,”movement activists (1)_______as Casey Hayden and Mary King began (2)_______organize women against the male domination (3)_______SNCC (Students for a Democratic Society),and (4)_______groups.Despite the radical community’s support (5)_______equal rights,they asserted,New Left men reflected the establishment culture by assigning women office duties (6)_______other minor tasks.Feminists also complained (7)_______the male-oriented sexual revolution degraded women (8)_______treating them (9)_______playthings and objects (10)_______conquests.While their male colleagues greeted their efforts with ridicule and open hostility,New Left women introduced “rap”sessions to share (11)_______complaints and address gender identity issues.(12)_______1968,200(13)_______feminists organized (14)_______first women’s liberation demonstration.Calling themselves the Women’s International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell (WITCH),activists projected (15)_______“sexism”and capitalism’s “objectification”of women’s bodies.They picketed the Miss America Pageant and threw “instruments of torture”such as brassieres考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第4页共8页and high-heeled (16)_______into a “freedom trash can.”Feminists focused (17)_______women’s control of their (18)_______bodies with an agenda (19)_______included the right to legal abortions,distribution of birth control literature,and passage of tougher laws (20)_______rape and spousal abuse.III.Error Detection and Correction (20points)Directions:There are twenty-one errors in the following passage.You may detect and correct either twenty of them or more than that.When you get more than twenty correct answers,your scores will not surpass twenty.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.As a human beings,you have maintained across time a core sense of self,thanks in good part as memory.Nevertheless,the I that is you is daily modified by what you experience,by what you were learning and coming to know.Five year ago,you were not the same person you are today;ten years hence,you will not precisely the person you now are.As you are age,you steadily accumulate knowledge,some of it formally,some of it informally.Considering some of the things you know in present—about history,about people,about work,about etiquette,about science,about style.Then think about what you garnered that knowledge.Chances is that some of it you acquired formally in school:what you to know about the contribution of Ancient Greece of modern democracy,your understanding of photosynthesis or Euclidean geometry,you ability to differentiate satire from irony.Some things you may have learn through a combination of formally instruction,observation and practice:how to work successful in a group,how to wait on customers efficiently and courteously,how to apply brakes skillfully in traffics,how to cut food with a knife,what clothes to wear to the prom.And some knowledges you probable acquired almost exclusively from extended experience:what acquaintances to trust and not to trust,what writers and musicians appeal or do not appeal to you,what aptitudes your possess or lack for particular fields of study.(1)_______________(2)_______________(3)_______________(4)_______________(5)_______________(6)_______________(7)_______________(8)_______________(9)_______________(10)______________(11)______________(12)______________(13)______________(14)______________(15)______________(16)______________(17)______________(18)______________(19)______________(20)______________(21)______________考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第5页共8页IV.Sentence Paraphrase (10points)Directions:There are five long or difficult sentences underlined in the following passage.You are required to paraphrase them in your own words according to the context.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1)Britain’s merchant navy seldom grabs the headlines these days;it is almost a forgotten industry.Yet shipping is the essential lifeline for the nation’s economy.Ninety-nine per cent of our trade in and out of the country goes by ship—and over half of it in British ships.(2)Shipping is also a significant British success story.It earns over £1000million a year in foreign exchange earnings:without our merchant fleet,the balance of payments would be permanently in deficit,despite North Sea oil.But,today this vital British industry is more in peril than ever before.(3)On almost all the major sea routes of the world,the British fleet risks being elbowed out by stiff foreign competition.The threat comes from two main directions:from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries (4)who are now in the middle of a massive expansion of their merchant navies,and carving their way into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies;and from the merchant fleets of the developing nations,(5)who are bent on taking over the lion’s share of the trade between Europe and Africa,Asia and the Far East—routes in which Britain has a big stake.V.Reading Comprehension (30points)Directions:There are three sections in this item with a passage in each section.Section A requires you to read a passage and provide a brief answer to each of the given questions.Section B requires you to read and judge whether the relevant statements are true or false.Section C requires you to read and then write a summary of it.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A.Read the following passage and provide a brief answer to the questions after the passage (2.5×4points).If someone says to you ‘Our car has broken down’,your reaction may simply be to feel sorry.For the linguist,though,even such a simple utterance calls for quite an elaborate explanation.As far as the meaning and the grammar of the sentence are concerned,a traditional description would try to paraphrase the meanings of the words used;it would analyze the clause pattern (here a simple combination of subject and verb or predicate),and would probably go on to discuss the use of the present perfect tense.Modern linguists have on the whole not been satisfied with the traditional explanation of grammatical structures and word meanings.Indeed much work in modern linguistics has been devoted to constructing rules that would produce our initial sentence,but would exclude sentences like We car has考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第6页共8页broken down or Our car has jumped up as not well-formed.The ultimate goal of this endeavor has been to establish a body of logical rules for generating the sentences of a language that are grammatically correct and semantically acceptable.For the individual words a set of ‘objective’semantic features has been proposed which would guarantee that the words are inserted appropriately into the grammatical structure.Thus the meaning of car would be described with the semantic features ‘inanimate’,‘concrete’,‘movable’and ‘self-propelled’.Assuming that the logical rules and objective semantic features which generate language are stored in our memory,it seems only natural to claim that they are of a mental nature.This approach is therefore also ‘cognitive’in the original sense of the word (i.e.‘related to knowledge’).However,it is not the kind of ‘cognitive linguistics’that our topic is about.To distinguish this approach from what we have in mind when we talk about ‘cognitive linguistics’,we will characterize it as the logical view in cognitive linguistics.As we understand the term,cognitive linguistics is today chiefly represented by the experiential view.Its main claim is that instead of postulating logical rules and objective definitions on the basis of theoretical considerations and introspection,a more practical and empirical path should be pursued.For example,one can ask language users to describe what is going on in their minds when they produce and understand words and sentences.As experiments have shown,people will not only state that a car has a box-like shape,that it has wheels,doors,and windows,that it is driven by an engine and equipped with a steering wheel,an accelerator and brakes,and that it has seats for the driver and the passengers.More likely than not,it will also be mentioned that a car is comfortable and fast,that it offers mobility,independence and perhaps social status.Some people may connect the notion of car with their first love affair,or with injury if they were once involved in an accident.1.What would a traditional linguist do with ‘Our car has broken down’?2.What would a modern linguist do with ‘Our car has broken down’?3.How is the logical view related to ‘cognitive linguistics’?4.What is the claim of the experiential view?Section B.Read the following passage and decide whether the statements after it are true or false (2.5×4points).It is strange and disturbing to watch the straight (i.e.,mainstream)community’s angry,sometimes violent reaction to the hippies.There are many reasons for this.The principal one is appearance.The hippies dress strangely.They dress this way because they have thrown a lot of middle-class notions out of the window and with them the most sensitive middle-class dogma:the neutral appearance.The straight world is a jungle of taboos,fears,and personality games.People in that jungle prey on each other mercilessly.Therefore,to survive in any jungle requires good protective coloring:the camouflage of respectable appearance.The anonymity of middle-class dress is like a flag of truce.It means (whether true or not):“I’m not one of the predators.”It is in the nature of an assurance of harmlessness.Unusual or bright-colored clothing then becomes an alarm,a danger signal to the fearful and their armed truce with the rest of mankind.They see it as a challenge.They are fearful,unsure of themselves,and fear sours into anger.It is but a step to thinking that the anger is “good.”The oldest fallacy in the world is that anything that makes you angry must be mad.考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第7页共8页The sin of the hippies is that they will not play the straight game of camouflage.Their non-participation,in effect,exposes them as another tribe,whose disregard of straight taboos of dress makes them seem to be capable of anything,and therefore a danger.That danger moreover is felt clear up to city hall,that shrine of Squaredom.Why else,I submit,does the Health Department of this city have such a tender solitude about the living conditions of human beings at the Haight when they have ignored the conditions at Hunter’s Point,the Mission and the Fillmore?Many people cannot understand the hippies’rejection of everything that is commonly expected of the individual in regard to employment and life goals:steady lucrative employment,and the accumulation through the years of possessions and money,building (always building)security for the future.It is precisely this security hypochondria,this checking of bank book rather than pulses,this worrying over budgets instead of medicine cabinets,that drive the youth of today away.It is this frantic concern with money that also drives the young into the Haight-Ashbury.They have seen their parents slave for years,wasting away a lifetime to make sure that the house was paid off,that the kids got through school in order to get “good”jobs so that they could join the frantic scramble,later on.The parents’reward for this struggle is that they wind up old and tired,alienated from their children,and just as often each parent from the other.1.The hippies dress strangely because they have defied the dressing values of the middle class.()2.For middle class,to survive in the straight world is to protect themselves by the camouflage of respectable appearance.()3.The hippies belong to another tribe of people because they have a different custom of dresses.()4.The hippies understand their parents struggling their way all their lives and sympathize them.()Section C.Read the following passage and then write a summary of it within 100words (1×10points).The vast majority of books on the English language take British English as their starting point.There are many reasons for this:British English is the old variety,and traditionally British English has enjoyed more prestige,at least in Europe and in former English colonies,than American English.Until not so long ago,American English was considered less educated,less cultured,less beautiful than British English.Teachers in many European countries were not allowed to have an American accent,and high-school students who returned from a year in the United States were sometimes punished with low grades by conservative teachers.This attitude seems mostly to have disappeared even if there are still traces of it.Another reason for the predominance of British English is simply one of publishing traditions:Britain has a long tradition of producing textbooks and dictionaries and of marketing them all over the world,whereas there have been relatively few American textbooks or dictionaries written for audiences worldwide.The result is a curious situation:The majority of the world’s native speakers of English are Americans,about 240million people.They make up the majority of the 400million native speakers,compared with about 57million speakers in Britain.They speak English with American pronunciation,vocabulary,and grammar.Much more American than British English is heard in films and on television,and more American English is used in international business,computing,and science.宁波大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学Yet the textbooks for non-native speakers that are used in schools in many countries are still mostly oriented toward British English,sometimes presenting American English as an aberration,often just in the form of a collection of words to learn.There are some useful books on American English,mostly designed for college or university use,that deal with vocabulary,spelling and pronunciation,but they usually give very little information concerning grammar or practical language use in the United States. Nor do they make any attempts to explain why there are differences between the two major varieties.SummaryVI.Writing(50points)Directions:Now in universities or colleges,some BA students want to work and earn money after graduation while other BA students plan to continue their education as MA students.The chief reasons for those BA students who intend to further their study can be either that it is hard to find a good job as BA students or that they love study and make greater contribution for their country.That is,the former read for MA just to get a higher degree so as to find a better job;the latter read for MA just to give a full expression to their academic ability and do research work.What is your purpose to read for MA?Or what kind of BA students do you belong to when you are taking this MA entrance exam?In the following topic of writing,please clarify your purpose to read for MA and give your reasons.You are suggested to make your argument in three major paragraphs with introduction,argumentation and conclusion in about400words.Remember to write your essay on the Answer Sheet.My Purpose to Read for MA科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学I.Vocabulary(30points)This part consists of two sections.Section ADirections:Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1×20points).1.He avowed his commitment to those ideals.A.acknowledgedB.convertedC.conformedD.renounced2.The political dissident was accused of instigating a plot to overthrow the government.A.devisingB.supportingC.fundingD.provoking3.I wish you two would stop bickering.plaining B quarreling C.bargaining D murmuring4.The defendant is facing severe verdict despite the appeal for clemency by his lawyer.A.forgivingB.releaseC.leniencyD.impartiality5.The little boy listened,enthralled by the Captain’s story.A.fascinatedB.swindledC.shockedD.bored6.I was impressed by his expertise on landing craft.A.encouragementB.special skillC.shrewdnessD.eloquence7.Your action is a breach of our university regulations.A.observationB.violationC.creationD.attack8.Subsequent events vindicated his policy.A.predicateB.swingC.dilateD.verify9.Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death penalty in most countries in the world.A.impulsiveB.multicoloredC.obligatoryughable10.Morality,for him,was doing what is expedient.A.undesirableB.unavailable C advantageous D.inappropriate11.“The giant was big”is a tautological statement,to say the least.A.tightB.redundantC.illogicalD.relative科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学III.Error Detection and Correction(20points)Directions:There are twenty errors in the following passage.You should detect and correct all the errors.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Marxist Criticism is a criticism based on the historical,economic,and sociology1 theory of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.According to Marxism,the conscious2of a given class in a given historical moment derives modes of material production.3The set of beliefs,values,attitudes,and ideas that constitute the consciousness of this4 class forms a ideological superstructure,and this ideological superstructure is5 shaped and determined by the material infrastructure and economic base.Hence the6 term"historic materialism."Marxism assumes the ontological priority of matter7 above mind and sees mind as the product of historical forces.There is thus a dialectical8 relationship between the literature work and its socio-historical background.9 Dialectical criticism focuses on the causal connections of the content or form10of the work and the economic,class,social,or ideological factors that shape and11 determines that content and form.Bourgeois writers,for example,inevitably propagate a12 bourgeois ideology that seeks to universalizing the status quo,to see it as natural rather13 than historical.The notion that there is a one-to-one correspondence to the class14 consciousness of the writer,the ideology of the work,and the society-historical15 background out of which it emerges is often labeled vulgarly Marxism,even by16 Marxists themselves.Sophisticated Marxism,however,like Fredric Jameson17 points out,is concerned with"the influence of the given social raw material,not only18on the content,but on the very form of the work themselves....[The dialectical19 interaction of work and background],this fact of sheer interrelationship,is prior of20any of the conceptual categories,such as causality,reflection,or analogy,subsequently evoked to explain it."科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学IV.Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:There are three sections in this item with a passage in each section. Section A requires you to read a passage and provide a brief answer to each of the given questions.Section B requires you to read and judge whether the relevant statements are true or false.Section C requires you to read and then write a summary of it.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A.(10points)By the mid-century there emerged a trend in writing that favored a new approach to constructing the novel that abandoned many of the time-honored traditions of form.Indeed,there has been debate about whether many of the works of the times should rightly be considered novels at all.Although not all writers of the period pursued experimental methods,two of them,William Burroughs and Henry Miller,served as exemplary figures.William Burroughs published journals depicting his travels through South America and North Africa.He was heavily influenced by his encounter with foreign languages and associations with strange customs.The impact of his experiences on his writing led to a uniquely detached style.Often it is difficult to determine who is telling the stories,or where the characters have come from.In his most celebrated work Naked Lunch,Burroughs is said to have physically cut up the manuscript and pasted it back together,to further disturb the conventional notion of narration.Although these writing techniques did not boost initial sales of his works,American academia accepts him as an important practitioner of literary theory.Henry Miller wrote about his personal life in a depth that previous authors had avoided.In order to better expose compulsive desires,he used very graphic language to describe the details of his intimate relationships.His books Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer were banned in some states when they were first published.Although there are disagreements about Miller's moral positions,he is acknowledged as an important contributor to mid-twentieth century American fiction.1.What is the main topic of this passage?2.What did the passage preceding this one probably discuss?3.What can we assume about Burroughs'earlier works?4.What is the most difficult aspect of reading the book Naked Lunch?5.What can we infer about the works of the two men?科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.According to this passage,Shakespeare’s sonnets might have contained a continuity of love story.2.The speaker of Shakespeare’s sonnets is perfectly happy with both the young noble man and the“dark lady”,according to the passage.3.Shakespeare’s sonnets were dedicated to a“W.H.”,who must be Henry Wriothesley,the Earl ofSouthampton.4.It could be inferred from the passage that most life stories about Shakespeare are conjectures.5.Shakespeare wrote153sonnets,all of which have the feel of autobiographical poems.Section C(10points)Read the following passage and write a summary of it within200words.Knowing that Mrs.Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble,great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.It was her sister Josephine who told her,in broken sentences;veiled hints that revealed in half concealing.Her husband's friend Richards was there,too,near her.It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received,with Brently Mallard's name leading the list of"killed."He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastened to forestall any less careful,less tender friend in bearing the sad message.She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same,with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance.She wept at once,with sudden,wild abandonment,in her sister's arms.When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone.She would have no one follow her.There stood,facing the open window,a comfortable,roomy armchair.Into this she sank,pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life.The delicious breath of rain was in the air.In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly,and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless,except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学She was young,with a fair,calm face,whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes,whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky.It was not a glance of reflection,but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully.What was it?She did not know;it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it,creeping out of the sky,reaching toward her through the sounds,the scents,the color that filled the air.Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously.She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her,and she was striving to beat it back with her will--as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under the breath:"free,free,free!"The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes.They stayed keen and bright.Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her.A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial.She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind,tender hands folded in death;the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead.But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely.And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.There would be no one to live for during those coming years;she would live for herself.There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination.And yet she had loved him--sometimes.Often she had not.What did it matter!What could love,the unsolved mystery,count for in the face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!"Free!Body and soul free!"she kept whispering.Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole,imploring for admission."Louise,open the door!I beg;open the door--you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise?For heaven's sake open the door."。

宁波大学年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目: 英语教学论科目代码：837 适用专业: 学科教学(英语)1.Traditional language teaching methods and communicative language teaching approach: dichotomyor continuum? (20 points)2.What is communicative competence(CC)? How to develop the learners’CC according to yourteaching or learning experience? (20 points)3.How do you assume the post-method era? Does it indicate we can abandon the language teachingmethods or approaches? (20 points)4.In terms of task-based language teaching and learning, Nunan, Feez(1998), Ellis gave differentaccounts. Please define the concept of TBLT according to Nunan and list some basic principles of. You can also show your own opinions.task-based language teaching according to Feez’s claims(20 points)5.如何理解“强任务”（strong version）和“弱任务”(weak version)。

（只有本题可用中文回答，其他各题必须用英文回答。

(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语A. do(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上) 科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语there.A. weren’t51.__________ , I do not like him as a man.A. I admire him as much as a writer(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语。

宁波大学历年考研专业课初试真题硕士研究生入学考试专业课初试真题(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：837 总分值：150 科目名称：英语教学论第 1 页共2 页(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：837 总分值：150 科目名称：英语教学论入学考试试题(B卷) （答案必须写在答题纸上）考试科目:英语教学论科目代码：837 适用专业: 学科教学（英语）1.In 1963, Edward Anthony proposed three hierarchical levels of language teaching methodology,approach, method and technique. Later on, Richards modified his model into approach, design and procedure. Please analyze the two models of language teaching methodology in three levels. Which one do you prefer? Give your accounts. (Written in English only)(30%)2.Task-based language teaching and total physical response are often used as language teachingmethods, but some linguists claim they are different in terms of approach, method and technique.Please show your ideas on TBLT and TPR: are t hey all methods, all approaches or…? ( Written in English only)(30%)3.According to Finocchiaro and Brumfit, please list at least 8 major features of communicativelanguage teaching. (Written in English only)(20%)4.如何理解广义任务派和狭义任务派。

2012年博思BULATS考试真题及答案Listening sectionThe recordings for Part 1 and Part 4 of the Listening section are played twice.The recordings for Part 2 and Part 3 of the Listening section are only played once.Listening Part 1 Understanding short extracts (10 questions)You listen to some short recordings (about 20 seconds long) and try to understand what they are talking about, or who is talking or what they are trying to say in each one.Example: You look at this on the question paper.Part OneQuestions 1–10●You will hear 10 short conversations.●For questions1–10, circle one letterA, BorCfor the correct answer.●You will hear each conversationtwice.1Which is the gate number for the flight to Bangkok?A BCThen you listen to this.InstructionsQuestion 1. Which is the gate number for the flight to Bangkok?Announcement: Attention all passengers waiting at Gate 17 for flight BA203 to Bangkok. Please proceed immediately to Gate 12 where your plane will be boarding shortly.The correct answer is B.Listening Part 2 Taking down messages, notes, etc. (12 questions)You listen to three phone conversations. For each one, you have a form or message to complete, using the information you hear in the conversation. You hear each conversation only once.Example: You look at this on the question paper.Conversation OneQuestions 11–14●Look atQuantity/Amount: (14)Then you listen to this.Instructions:Conversation One, questions 11 to 14.Look at the form below. You will hear a man calling toplace an order.Man: I’d like to make an order please.Woman: Certainly, sir. Could you give me your name, please?Man: Yes, it’s Ken Saunders.Woman: How do you spell Saunders, please?Man: S-A-U-N-D-E-R-S. Saunders.Woman: And the name of your company is ...?Man: Greenlight Communications, 201 Hall Road, Manchester.Woman: What was the name of the road again?Man: Hall, H-A-L-L.Woman: And could I take a telephone number and fax number?Man: Telephone 064 313 988, fax 064 318 006.Woman: Thank you very much. Now can I take your order?Man: It’s for some computer desks. They’re model 00519 in your catalogue.Woman: And how many did you want to order?Man: SixWoman: Right. The computer desks are ￡800 each, sothat will be a total of ￡4,800 for six, plus ￡50 transportation charges. That makes a total of ￡4,850. As soon as we receive your cheque or bank draft, we’ll despatchthem to you. Delivery usually takes between 2 and 3 weeks.Man: Good. I’ll post it to you today.The correct answers are: 11 Saunders12 064 318 00613 computer desk(s)14 6Listening Part 3 Understandplaced the typewriter and are standard equipment in almost every office. But how safe are they? As more and more people begin using them, there is a degree of controversy about their effects on health. There are some operators who report experiencing a number of symptoms –from relatively minor complaints like headaches and itching skin to more serious back and shoulder problems.The correct answer is C.Reading and Language Knowledge sectionReading Part 1, Section 1 Understanding notices and short extracts (7 questions)You read some common notices or extracts from letters, forms, adverts, lea.ets, etc. You answer one question about each one.Example:. . . See enclosed brochure for details and levels of compensation.AYou should write to us for details about compensation.BDetails about compensation are given in a separate document.CYou will find more information on compensation on the next page.The correct answer is B.Reading Part 1, Section 2 Sentences with a gap (6 questions)Each sentence must be completed using only one of the four choices available.Example:●Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.●For questions58–63, markoneletterA, B, CorDon your Answer Sheet.58My job frequently involves having to work ………………..intense pressure.AbelowBunderCbeneathDunderneWomen running their own businessAccording to recent research, a third of new companies set up in Britain are run by women. Typical examples are Lisa Simons, who started up her own highly successful clothing shops in London with a loan of ￡15,000 from her bank, and Kate Rogers, who set upCellar Caf ésfive years ago and sold out to a major restaurant chain this month, at a profit of ￡3 million.There are many other examples.Surprise, a mail order company selling unusual gifts, had a turnover of $4 million last year. The company was started by Claire Fuller five years ago in a garage, but later moved into premises in the centre of Coventry. Similarly, Nina Taylor started her company,NC Books, in an old warehouse in Bristol. A lawyer by training, she had no previous experience of the retail trade but believes that this worked to her advantage. ‘Having no knowledge of the book trade,’she says, ‘allowed me to bring fresh ideas into the business.’64One-third of new British businessesAconsist of chain companies.Bare owned or managed by women.Coperate within the food sector.65What does the second paragraph tell us about the company calledSurprise?AThe company delivers its products by post.BThe company has made a profit every year.CThe company operates from a garage.The correct answers are: 64 B, 65 AReading Part 1, Section 4 Filling gaps in a text (5 questions)world’s beauty product chains. The daughter of Spanish immigrants, she ...…….(71)….…born and educated in Britain.She opened her first Beauty Boutique in 1976 and it was .........(72)......... popular that she opened five more shops in 3 years. ..........(73).......... then business has developed at an amazing rate, and the chain of Beauty Boutiques ..........(74).......... now expanding all over the world.The correct answers are: 70 the, 71 was, 72 so, 73 Since, 74 areReading Part 2, Section 1 Finding information in shorttexts (7 questions)You read four short texts, such as adverts, product descriptions, etc. Then you match different sentences with each of those texts.Example:●Read these sentences and the job advertisements on the next page.●Which job does each sentence75–81refer to?●For each sentence, mark one letterA, B, C or Don your Answer Sheet.75You need to have experience of working with newspapers.76You have to be able to use a computer.BExecutive DirectorThe Women’s Environment Network (WEN) is looking for a highly motivated, inspiring woman to lead one of Britain’s most successful environmental campaigning and information organisations.Experience required includes management and organisational skills, media, writing and editing experience and a knowledge of the environment and/or women’s movement. You will need to run campaigns and m questions)This section tests your knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. You have a text with .ve words missing.You are given a choice of four words for each gap and you have to choose the best one.Example:●Read this letter about buying a computer.●Choose the best word to fill each space from the words below.●For each question82–86, markoneletterA, B, C or Don your Answer Sheet.1 AprilDear Mr WhiteRe: Supply of XR6 WorkstationsI have pleasure in confirming our ability to meet your requirements for the Silicon Graphics workstation. In view of your special needs, I suggest that you place your order for the agreed equipment as soon as possible. The ........(82)........time for hardware for example is 6 weeks from receipt of order to ........(83)........ . Thus, an order placed with us tomorrow will ........(84)........ delivery to your site by the week commencing Monday, 15th May. All orders must be accompanied by a ........(85)........ of 20% of the total amount shown on theattached ........(86)........ .Yours sincerelyVincent LawSales Manager82AdeliveryBarrivalCtransportDpostage83AinstitutionBinitiationCintroductionDinstallation84AcompelBensureCpromiseDmaintain85AportionBcostCdepositDdiscount86AchequeBquotationCchargeDdemandThe correct answers are: 82 A, 83 D, 84 B, 85C, 86BReading Part 2, Section 3 Filling gaps in a text (5 questions)You have a text with .ve words missing. You have to think of a.…1960s, John was working in America, selling British sports cars. It was hard work but …….….(88)….…….. he was there, he saw a magazine with pictures of cars for sale. The magazine was regional and anyone ….…….(89)…….……. advertise their car in it for a relatively small fee. What impressed John most was that ……….…(90)….……. single advertisement had a picture of the car, unlike normal newspaper adverts, which just provided a written description.Returning to Britain, John put all of his savings into producing a magazine like the one he ….……..(91)….………seen in the States. He started in the London region but was soon producing similar magazines for twelve more regions and, by 1990, for three other countries as well.The correct answers are: 87 the, 88 while, 89 could, 90 every, 91 hadReading Part 2, Section 4 Sentences with a gap (6 questions)Example:●Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.●For questions92–97, markoneletterA, B, C, or Don your Answer Sheet.92The successful applicant will have a proven track ……………….. in project management.AhistoryBrecordCcurriculumDperformance93When replying, please ……………….. the above reference number.AreferBreproduceCquoteDalludeThe correct answers are: 92 B, 93 CReading Part 2, Section 5 Understanding a longer text (6 questions)You read a longer text, such as part of a business report, a newspaper article, etc. Then you answer some detailed questions on it.Example:●Read the article below about careers advice and answer questions98–103on the opposite page.●For questions98–103, markoneletterA, B, CorDon your Answer Sheet.Keys to unlock path of career fulfillmentIt used to be called vocational guidance. Then it became careers advice and counsellin Returning to Britain, John put all of his savings into producing a magazine like the one he ….……..(91)….………seen in the States. He started in the London region but was soon producing similar magazines for twelve more regions and, by 1990, for three other countries as well.The correct answers are: 87 the, 88 while, 89 could, 90 every, 91 hadReading Part 2, Section 4 Sentences with a gap (6 questions)Example:●Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.●For questions92–97, markoneletterA, B, C, or Don your Answer Sheet.92The successful applicant will have a proven track ……………….. in project management.AhistoryBrecordCcurriculumDperformance93When replying, please ……………….. the above reference number.AreferBreproduceCquoteDalludeThe correct answers are: 92 B, 93 CReading Part 2, Section 5 Understanding a longer text (6 questions)You read a longer text, such as part of a business report, a newspaper article, etc. Then you answer some detailed questions on it.Example:●Read the article below about careers advice and answer questions98–103on the opposite page.●For questions98–103, markoneletterA, B, CorDon your Answer Sheet.Keys to unlock path of career fulfillmentIt used to be called vocational guidance. Then it became careers advice and counsellinBut good careers advisors need to look at other factors when giving advice. For example, career counselling is flawed if it fails to allow for the possibility of people adapting to, and changing, their jobs once they are in them. Most organisations attempt through various explicit (induction, mentoring, training, appraisal) and implicit (reliance on observation) techniques to mould behaviour into an acceptable pattern. This means that attitudes and even aptitudes of employeesmay be changed over the first year of employment, sometimes, but not always, in the direction desiredby the organisation. Thus what was a ‘fit’may easily and quickly develop into a misfit and vice versa.Individuals also change their jobs without leaving them. They rearrange furniture, use space and technology differently and personalise different aspects of the job. They can negotiate with colleagues, earn special privileges and use other means to improve their role and output. In this sense, very soon they are doing the job differently from their predecessors, and possibly from the way recommended by the company. However, both adaptation of personal workstyle and attempts to change the way of doing the job are more likely to lead to a higher level of "it" because thechanges are usually all attempts to increase "it"98What does the writer say about careers advice in the first paragraph?AThose receiving it have sometimes disagreed with it.BIt hasDMany are unclear about what to expect from employees.The correct answers are: 98 C, 99 AReading Part 2, Section 6 Correcting errors in a text (7 questions)You have a text with at least seven lines. Some lines have errors in them. You have to say which lines have errors and then correct them.Example:●Your secretary has given you this letter for checking.●In some lines there is one wrong word.●If there is a wrong word, write the correct word on your Answer Sheet.●If there is no mistake, put a tick (.) on your Answer SheetExample:0 üOne of the items you ordered from our catalogue00 temporarilyis temporary out of stockDear Mr. RoseIt was a pleasure to meet you the other day. I was very grateful104that you were able to find some times in your busyschedule to visit us.105I thought it should be helpful if I had put on paper some of the points we106agreed on at our meeting and indicated some with the action points.The correct answers are: 104 time, 105 would, 106 v.。