冠状动脉常见疾病的双源CT表现
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冠状动脉CTA(双源CT冠脉成像)
1、检查意义:早期发现冠状动脉狭窄,尤其对无症状的冠心病高危者,可以做出早期诊断,便于早期干预治疗。
2、优点:与冠脉造影相比,创伤性小,不需要常规住院检查,易为患
者所接受。
(协和医院冠脉CTA准确率高达96%,检查报告阜外医院认可)。
3、检查大致过程:检查当日不吃主食;检查之前和之后需要大量饮水、排尿,使造影剂尽早排出;检查时间大约10分钟,期间需要憋气10-15
秒钟,大约做2-3次。
4、检查禁忌:糖尿病服用二甲双胍者(需停用48小时)、对含碘造影
剂过敏者、肝肾功能不良者、甲亢限碘治疗期间、重症肌无力者不宜
做此项检查。
因听力问题或年老体弱无法配合指令憋气15秒者不适合
检查。
双源CT冠状动脉血管成像的临床应用The Clinical Application of Dual-source Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography杨贞勇谢学斌郭汉霖Yang Zhen-yong Xie Xue-bin Guo Han-li澳门镜湖医院影像中心Department of Imaging, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau SAR, China中图分类号:R814.42 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1818-0086(2010)04摘要:目的探讨双源CT(DSCT)冠状动脉成像的临床应用价值。
方法回顾性分析2009.6~2010.2期间139例行双源CT(DSCT)冠状动脉成像检查的病例,男75 例,女64 例,年龄43~76岁。
图像品质评价分4级:优秀(4分),无伪影,完全可进行影像学分析;良好(3分),轻微伪影,有良好的诊断品质,可进行影像学分析;尚可(2分),中度伪影,能满足诊断分析;差(1分),严重伪影,不能满足诊断分析。
狭窄程度评价方法:血管狭窄程度=(狭窄血管近心端正常血管直径-狭窄处直径)/狭窄近心端血管直径×100%;冠状动脉狭窄分级:轻度为管径狭窄<50%,中度为≥50%且≤75%,重度≥75%,血管闭塞(100%)。
结果139例冠状动脉成像,137例显示良好(2分以上),符合诊断要求。
CTA成像成功率98.6%,发现血管异常85例,其中冠状动脉斑块所致狭窄70例,冠状动脉肌桥32例,冠状动脉起源异常5例(4例为右冠状动脉异位起源于左冠状动脉窦,1例为冠状动脉起源于冠状动脉窦上方),主动脉瓣结节1例,冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘1例,双侧上腔静脉1例。
同时行双源CT冠状动脉成像和冠状动脉造影检查(CAG)病人17例,符合率94%。
结论双源CT(DSCT)冠状动脉成像能提供满意的图像及可靠的诊断结果,以其无创性优势可作为冠心病的首要筛选检查方法之一关键字:冠状动脉;双源CT;血管造影术Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical application of dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (DSCTCA). Methods Between June 2009 and February 2010, dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (DSCTCA) was performed in 139 cases (male 75, female 64, age from 43 to 76 years). Image quality degrees: excellent (Score 4): no artifact; good (Score 3): a little artifact that does not affect the diagnosis; satisfaction (Score 2): moderate artifact that does not affect the diagnosis significantly; poor (Score 1): serious artifact that affect the diagnosis significantly. Stenosis degrees: mild stenosis<50%,50%≥moderate stenosis≤75%, serious stenosis≥75%, occlusion (100%). Results The images of 137 of 139 cases (98.6%) are satisfied or above. There are 85 abnormal cases of 139 found. Among them, stenoses are found in 70 cases, myocardial bridging in 32 cases, abnormal arising position in 5 cases (RCA originates from left coronary sinus in 4 cases, both RCA and LCA originate from the points above coronary sinus in 1 case), nodule at aortic valve leaflet in 1 case, both RCA and LCA -PA fistula 1 case, both SVC in 1 case. 94% got the same diagnosis in 17 cases that were also examined by conventional coronary angiography (CAG). Conclusion Dual-source computedtomography coronary angiography (DSCTCA) can provide satisfied images and diagnosis. It can be one of the best screening methods for coronary disease.Key words:Coronary artery; Tomography; X-ray computed; DSCT; Angiography冠状动脉的无创性成像一直是放射学家孜孜追求的目标之一。