2018版高考英语(人教通用)大一轮复习-满分必背+

Unit 5Meeting your ancestorsⅠ.常考单词必背1．alternative adj.供选择的；二者择一的n．可能的选择The way was blocked，so we went by an alternative road.这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。

[快速闪记]have the alternative of...有做……的选择；可以做某事have no alternative but to do...(＝have no choice but to do...)只能做……；除……之外别无选择an alternative to...……的替代品alter v t.& v i.改变；改动；变更2．interrupt v t.①打断；打扰②中断；阻断Don't interrupt me while I'm busy.我忙的时候不要打扰我。

[快速闪记]interrupt sb/sth with sth 因某事打断某人某事interruption n．[U]&[C]打断；中断without interruption 连续地，不断地3．regardless adj.不管；不顾Regardless of how often I correct him，he always makes the same mistake.不管我怎样经常告诫他，他总是犯同样的错误。

[快速闪记](1)regardless of不管；不顾regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实(2)with/in regard to关于……regard...as...把……当作……(3)regarding prep.关于4．significance n．①重要性；重大②意义；意思What will matter is not your success，but your significance.重要的不是你成功了，而是你生命的意义。

Unit 2The Olympic GamesⅠ.常考单词必背1. compete v i.比赛；竞争Runners from many provinces are competing with each other for the first prize.来自许多省的赛跑运动员正在为获得第一名而彼此竞争。

[快速闪记](1)compete for为……而比赛/竞争compete against/with与……竞争/比赛compete in参加……的比赛(2)competition n．竞争；角逐competitive adj. 竞争的competitor n．竞争者2．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的v t.& v i.自愿An army of volunteers cooked meals for the children.一大群义务工作者为孩子们做饭。

He volunteered to water our plants.他自告奋勇给我们的树木浇水。

3．basis n．基础；根据The basis of good marriage is trust.美满婚姻的基础是信任。

[快速闪记](1)on a regular basis经常地；定期地(2)basic adj.基本的basically ad v. 基本地；根本地base n．基地v t.以……为基础4. admit v t.& v i.容许；承认；接纳We have to admit that he's a highly competent man.我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。

be admitted as作为……被接受admit sb/sth to be...承认某人/某物是……admit sb to/into...允许某人进入……admit(to) doing sth 承认做某事5．responsibility n．责任；职责Now that you are already 18 years old，you should take responsibility for what you have done. 既然你已经十八岁了，你应该对你的行为负责。

Unit 5MusicⅠ.常考单词必背1．pretend v t.假装；假扮She pretended to be doing her homework when her mother came in.她妈妈进来时，她假装正在做作业。

[快速闪记]pretend to do sth 假装做某事pretend to be doing sth 假装在做某事pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事2．attach v t.& v i.系上；缚上；附加；连接He attached his horse to a tree.他把马拴在一棵树上。

Chinese people attach great importance to education.中国人很重视教育。

[快速闪记]attach...to 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接attach importance/value/meaning to认为有重要性/有价值/有意义be attached to附属于；连在……上；喜欢3．form v t.(使)组成；形成；构成n．形状；外形；形式；表格He has formed the habit of getting up early.他养成了早起的习惯。

[快速闪记]form the habit of...养成……的习惯in the form of呈……的形状；以……的形式存在be in good/great form情绪良好；兴高采烈4．earn v t.赚；挣得；获得The old man earned his living by selling newspapers.那位老人通过卖报来谋生。

[快速闪记](1)earn one's respect/reputation 赢得某人尊敬/名誉earn one's living＝make a living谋生(2)earnings n．所得；收入，工资5. perform v t.& v i.表演；履行；执行He performed very well in the speech competition.他在演讲比赛中表现得很好。

Unit 3ComputersⅠ。

常考单词必背1．simplify vt.简化Try to simplify your explanation for the children。

设法让你的解释简易一些，让孩子们能听懂。

［快速闪记］simplified adj.简化的simplification n．简化2. sum n．总数；算术题；金额v．合计In sum,the course is clear。

总而言之，这个过程是清晰的.［快速闪记]in sum总之，总而言之sum up概括；合计sum up to总计为3．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能Computer scientists study artificial intelligence.计算机科研人员研究人工智能.[快速闪记］intelligent adj。

智能的;聪明的4。

solve vt.解决;解答Can you help me to solve this maths question？你能帮我解答这个数学问题吗？［快速闪记］(1)solve/settle/deal with problems解决问题(2）solution n．解决，解答5．total adj.总的;整个的n．总数；合计In total，they spent 420 hours on the project。

他们在这项工程上总共花了420 个小时。

[快速闪记］totally adv。

完全地；整个地6．application n．应用;用途；申请There were more than 300 applications for the six jobs。

有300多人申请这6份工作.[快速闪记］apply v．应用,运用，申请，请求7。

explore vt。

＆vi.探索；探测；探究The scientists are exploring all possible ways to improve food production.科学家们正在探究所有可能提高食品产量的方法。

Unit 3Life in the futureⅠ。

常考单词必背1．aspect n．方面；层面I shall limit myself to three aspects of the subject.我将从三个方面来讨论这个问题。

2．impression n．[C]印象；感觉I am going to do all I can to remove the unpleasant impression you have of me.我打算尽最大努力去掉你对我不好的印象。

［快速闪记]（1）have/leave/make a(n）．.。

impression on sb 给某人留下……印象(2)impress vt。

①印;压印②留下极深的印象impress sth on/upon sb/one’s memory使某人铭记某事impress sb with sth (某事）给某人留下印象be impressed with/at/by.。

.对……有深刻印象（3）impressive adj。

给人深刻印象的；感人的;激动人心的3．constant adj。

时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv。

不断地Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.教师为了保持职业能力，必须不断更新知识。

4．previous adj。

在前的；早先的He recalled exactly what Bob had told him the previous night.他清楚记得前一天晚上鲍勃告诉他的话。

[快速闪记]in the previous chapter在上一章中previous to在……之前You must collect enough materials previous to your writing。

选修七Unit 1Living wellⅠ.常考单词必背1．ambition n．雄心；野心ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的His only fault is that he lacks ambition.他唯一的不足是志向短小。

2．beneficial adj.有益的；受益的benefit v t.有益于v i.受益；得到好处n．好处；益处Your medicine has benefited me much.你的药对我大有益处。

[快速闪记]benefit from从……中受益be of benefit to对……有益(＝be beneficial to)for the benefit of为……(的利益)3．clumsy adj.笨拙的4．adapt v t.& v i.①(使)适应②改编；改写I suggested he should adapt himself to his new conditions.我认为他应该使自己适应新的情况。

[快速闪记](1)adapt(oneself) to(doing) sth (使某人)适应(做)某事adapt...from...根据……改编……be adapted for为……而改编(2)adaptation n．[C] & [U]适应；改编；改写本；改编的作品5．absence n．①[C] & [U]缺席；不在②[U]缺乏A stranger brought you this letter during your absence.你不在时，一个陌生人给你捎来了这封信。

[快速闪记](1)absence of mind心不在焉in sb's absence某人不在时in the absence of sth 缺乏某物(2)absent adj.①缺席的；不在的②缺乏的be absent from缺席……absent－minded adj.心不在焉的6．resign v i.辞职；放弃v t.辞去；放弃；把……交付(给)All the employees resign because the employer is too unreasonable.因为老板太不讲理，雇员全体辞职。

Unit 3 A healthy lifeⅠ。

常考单词必背1．abuse n．＆vt.滥用；虐待This rule was brought into being because the old law was abused.由于旧的法律遭到滥用，这条规则便应运而生。

2．stress n．①压力；紧张②重音vt。

强调；着重The more stress you are under，the more likely you are to catch a cold。

压力越大，越有可能患感冒.In the passage，the author mainly stressed the importance of small and ordinary work.在这篇文章里，作者强调了小而平凡的工作。

[快速闪记]stress the importance of强调……的重要性reduce stress减少压力under the stress of在……的压力下place/lay/put stress on重视，强调同义词：stress，tension，pressure3．ban①vt。

取缔;查禁；禁止②n.[C］（常用单数)禁止;禁令The government has banned the sale of that produce which is harmful to the public。

政府禁止出售对大众有害的那种产品。

[快速闪记]ban doing sth 禁止做某事ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事a ban on关于……的禁令4．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的n．应得物；会费He is due to speak this evening.今晚该他讲演。

[快速闪记]due to欠债〔账〕；归功于，应属于；由于be due to do sth预期做某事，预定要做某事be due to sth/doing sth/sb归因于某事/做某事；欠某人……be due for sth应有；应得到5．mental adj。

Unit 2English around the worldⅠ.常考单词必背1．native adj.本国的；本地的n．本地人；本国人The tiger is native to India.这种虎原产于印度。

Are you a native，or just a visitor?你是本地人还是外来人？[快速闪记]be native to原产于，土生土长的2．base v t.以……为根据n．基部；基地；基础One should always base his opinion on facts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。

[快速闪记]base sth on/upon...把……以……为基础/根据base sth in/at把(总部，基地)设在……be based on/upon以……为基础at the base of在……的底部；在……的基点3．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的The doctor noticed a gradual improvement in his patient.医生注意到病人在逐渐恢复健康。

[快速闪记]gradually ad v. 逐渐地；逐步地4．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的He'll go to school in the latter part of the year.后半年他将上学了。

This latter point is of great importance.这后一个论点是非常重要的。

5．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的She is fluent in five languages.她通晓五种语言。

[快速闪记]fluently ad v. 流利地；流畅地6．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的She was a fairly frequent visitor to the house.她算是这家的常客。

Unit 5The power of natureⅠ.常考单词必背1．appoint vt.①任命;委派②指定；约定Committee members recently appointed me their chairman。

委员会最近任命我为主席.[快速闪记］（1)appoint sb as/to be。

.。

任命某人担任……appoint sb to ＋职位任命某人担任……职位appoint sb to do。

..指定某人做……(2)appointment n．［C]约会;约定；预约；[C］＆[U]任命；任职；职位by appointment通过预约make an appointment（with）（与……）约定appointed adj。

指定的;约定的；受指派的2．evaluate vt。

评估；评价；对……评价；鉴定We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果做出评估.3．wave n．波浪；波涛vt。

波动；挥手She waved a friendly greeting。

她友好地挥手致意。

4．absolute adj.完全的；肯定的；确实的；无条件的It was nearly an absolute agreement。

这差不多是一个完美的协议。

absolutely/’æbsəluːtlI/adv。

①绝对地；完全地②无条件地It is absolutely the best building in town。

这无疑是城里最好的建筑物。

5．suit n．［C]（一套)衣服；套vt.（服装、颜色等）相配；合身;中……的意；合乎……的要求To students，you'd better choose the activities which interest you and suit you。

对学生来说,你最好选择那些感兴趣适合自己的活动.［快速闪记](1）suit sb （fine)合某人的意;对某人很合适suit。

Unit 2English around the worldⅠ.常考单词必背1．native adj.本国的；本地的n．本地人；本国人The tiger is native to India.这种虎原产于印度。

Are you a native，or just a visitor?你是本地人还是外来人？[快速闪记]be native to原产于，土生土长的2．base v t.以……为根据n．基部；基地；基础One should always base his opinion on facts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。

[快速闪记]base sth on/upon...把……以……为基础/根据base sth in/at把(总部，基地)设在……be based on/upon以……为基础at the base of在……的底部；在……的基点3．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的The doctor noticed a gradual improvement in his patient.医生注意到病人在逐渐恢复健康。

[快速闪记]gradually ad v. 逐渐地；逐步地4．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的He'll go to school in the latter part of the year.后半年他将上学了。

This latter point is of great importance.这后一个论点是非常重要的。

5．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的She is fluent in five languages.她通晓五种语言。

[快速闪记]fluently ad v. 流利地；流畅地6．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的She was a fairly frequent visitor to the house.她算是这家的常客。

必修一Unit 1FriendshipⅠ。

常考单词必背1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的;不适的vt。

（upset，upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻，碰倒；打乱She was upset about losing her job。

她正为失去工作而心烦意乱。

Losing the ring upset her very much。

遗失戒指使她很心烦意乱。

［快速闪记］be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视Either she didn't see me wave or she ignored me on purpose。

要么她没看见我招手,要么就是故意不理我.［快速闪记］ignorant adj。

不了解的，无知的ignorance n．不了解，无知3．concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n．担心；关注；(利害)关系The accident was concerned with the bus driver.这次事故与公交车司机有关。

There is some cause for concern but no need for alarm。

是有点令人忧虑，但不必惊慌。

[快速闪记]concerned adj。

担心的;关注的be concerned about/for关心；担忧;挂念be concerned with牵涉到……，与……有关as/so far as..。

be concerned关于；至于；就……而言4．power n．能力；力量；权力The power was cut off and the street was entirely in darkness.断电后街道完全陷入了黑暗。

She was the one who had the power to hire or fire people。

Unit 2Working the landⅠ。

常考单词必背1．struggle vt.& vi.斗争；拼搏；努力The old man has been struggling with/against illness。

这位老人一直在与病魔作斗争.［快速闪记]struggle with sb 与某人搏斗；斗争struggle against为抵抗……而斗争(搏斗，抗争)struggle for为……努力（斗争)struggle to one’s feet 挣扎（努力)站起来struggle to do sth 努力做某事2．disturbing adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的It is very disturbing that we haven’t seen him for a long time。

好长时间没见到他，这令我们深感不安。

［快速闪记]disturb vt。

打扰；弄乱；使不安disturbed adj。

心神不宁的；担心的3。

expand vt.& vi。

使变大；伸展They tried their best to expand the little firm into a big company;that is，the little firm expanded into a big company。

他们尽力把这家小公司发展成了一家大公司；也就是说，这家小公司发展成了一家大公司。

［快速闪记］（1)expand。

into...把……扩展/发展成……expand into。

..发展成/扩大成……(2)expansion n．扩大，膨胀4．rid vt.摆脱；除去It’s not easy to rid oneself of a habit.要改掉一个习惯是不容易的。

［快速闪记］rid。

.of摆脱；除去get/be rid of摆脱；除去;处理掉5．equip vt。

＆vi。

配备;装备A good education should equip you for life.良好的教育能使你受用终生。

Unit 4EarthquakesⅠ。

常考单词必背1．burst vi。

(burst，burst）爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发She burst into tears on hearing the sad news。

一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来。

Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause。

他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。

［快速闪记］（1)burst in打断；闯入;突然出现burst into.。

.突然开始;闯入……burst into laughter/tears ＝burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来（2)a burst of一阵……2．injure vt.损害;伤害Most of the injured were women and children.大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童。

[快速闪记］（1）injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害3．shock vt。

＆vi。

（使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊I was shocked to hear that he had resigned。

听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊.The news of my promotion came as a shock。

我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。

［快速闪记］（1）be shocked by/at。

.对……感到震惊be shocked to do。

.因做……而震惊(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事（抽象名词具体化用法)（3）shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj。

令人震惊的4．rescue n．＆vt。

援救;营救All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help.周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她。

Unit 4PygmalionⅠ.常考单词必背1．hesitate vt.＆vi。

犹豫If you need any help，don’t hesitate to call us。

如果你有任何需要,随时电话联系我们。

[快速闪记］hesitation n．［U]踌躇；犹豫without hesitation毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事2．classify vt.分类，归类；把……列为密件Librarians spend a lot of time classifying books。

图书馆工作人员花许多时间将书分类。

［快速闪记]classify..。

into把……分成classify..。

according to/by按照……分类classify...as把……归类为……classification n．分类；类别，等级3．remark n．［C]谈论；言论;评述vt.＆vi。

谈论;议论；说起We made some kind remarks about his service。

我们对他的服务作出了好评.[快速闪记]make a remark on/upon/about就……发表评论remark on/upon对……进行评论remark that。

..说起;谈论;评论4．condemn vt.谴责；判刑We condemned him for his bad conduct。

我们谴责他的不良行为。

Mark was condemned to do most of the work.马克被迫承担大部分工作。

[快速闪记]condemnation n．谴责；定罪；非难的理由;征用condemn for因……而鄙夷〔指责〕be condemned to do sth迫使/注定去做某事5．handful n．[C］一把；一撮；少量Only a handful of people attended the meeting.只有几个人出席了会议。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.常考单词必背1．distinguish v i .区分，辨别 v t .区分；显示……的差别； 使……有所不同She can distinguish them by their voices.她可以通过他们的声音辨认出他们。

[快速闪记]be distinguished for sth 因……而出名2．abrupt adj .突然的；以外的They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.他们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。

3．convenient adj .便利的；方便的；就近的A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns.在城镇骑自行车常常比开车更方便。

(1)⎩⎨⎧It is convenient for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是方便的be convenient to...到达某处很方便(2)⎩⎨⎧convenience n .方便，便利；适宜；省事at one's convenience 在方便的时候；在适宜的地方for convenience 为了方便4．caution n ．小心； 谨慎 v t .警告； 提醒He told us to proceed with caution.他要我们谨慎行事。

Tony cautioned against misrepresenting the situation.托尼告诫说不要歪曲形势。

[快速闪记]cautious adj .谨慎的5．expectation n ．[C]&[U]期待；预期；期望The job failed to measure up to her expectations.这项工作没有满足她的期望。

Unit 2Cl oningⅠ。

常考单词必背1．differ vi。

不同；有区别They differ widely in their opinions.他们的意见分歧很大。

［快速闪记]different adj.不同的; 各式各样的；个别的；不平常difference n．差别，差异2．procedure n．程序;手续;过程The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa.这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。

3．cast vt.投；扔;掷n．投；掷The fisherman cast his net into the water.渔父把网撒到水里。

The fisherman caught a fish at his first cast。

渔父洒下第一网捕到了一条鱼.He cast an eye at the woman。

他向那女人看了一眼.[快速闪记］cast down使沮丧4．object vi。

反对；不赞成n．目的；目标；物体They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.他们记录了所有丢失的物件，从土豆到高尔夫手套等.We object to leaving him alone。

我们反对留下他一个人。

［快速闪记］objection n．[C］反对；异议；不喜欢objective adj。

客观的5．medium n．（复数：media) 媒介;手段；工具；新闻媒体Advertisers use all kinds of media to sell products.广告商运用各种媒体推销产品.[快速闪记]mass media大众传媒6．attain vt.获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等）Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom to attain it.不论什么时候，只要你有一个目标，就得牺牲一定的自由去实现它。