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◄必修5 Unit 1Great scientistsⅠ.分类记单词快速掌握1．阅读单词——认一认(1)characteristic/ˌkærIktəˈrIstIk/ n．_________________(2)scientific/ˌsaIənˈtIfIk/adj.__________________(3)enquiry/InˈkwaIərI/ n．__________________(4)physician/fIˈzIʃn/ n．__________________(5)victim/ˈvIktIm/n．__________________(6)cautious/ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj.__________________(7)movement/ˈmuːvmənt/ n．__________________(8)chart/tʃɑːt/n．__________________答案：(1)特征，特性(2)科学的(3)询问(4)医生；内科医师(5)受害者(6)小心的；谨慎的(7)移动；运动；动作(8)图表2．核心单词——写一写(1)_____________/səˈspekt/ v t.认为；怀疑/ˈsʌspekt/ n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯(2)_____________/fɔː ˈsiː/v t.(foresaw，foreseen)预见；预知(3)_____________/bleIm/ v t.责备；谴责n．过失；责备(4)_____________/ˈhændl/n.柄；把手v t.处理；操纵(5)_____________/ˈpɒzətIv/ adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的(6)_____________/kənˈkluːd/v t.&v i.结束；推断出→n.结论；结束________(7)_____________/əˈtend/ v t.照顾；护理；出席；参加→n.侍者；服务员________(8)_____________/Ikˈspəʊz/ v t.暴露；揭露；使曝光→n.暴露；揭露________→adj.无遮蔽的________(9)_____________/kjʊə/ n．治愈；痊愈v t.治愈；治疗→(近义词)v t.治疗________(10)_____________/pəˈluːt/v t.污染；弄脏→n.污染________(11)_____________/kənˈtrIbjuːt/v t.&v i.捐献；贡献；捐助→n.捐献；贡献________(12)_____________/dIˈfiːt/v t.打败；战胜；使受挫n．失败→(同义词)v t.打败________(13)_____________/ˈtʃælIndʒ/ n．挑战v t.向……挑战→adj.富有挑战性的________(14)_____________/əbˈzɔːb/v t.吸收；吸引；使专心→adj.吸引人的________→adj.被吸引的，全神贯注的________(15)_____________/sIˈvIə/ adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的→ad v.严重地；剧烈地；严厉地________(16)_____________/əˈnaʊns/ v t.宣布；通告→n.通告；宣布________(17)_____________/Inˈstrʌkt/ v t.命令；指示；教导→n.命令；指示________(18)_____________/kənˈstrʌkʃn/ n．建设；建筑物→v t.建设；修建________(19)_____________/rIˈdʒekt/ v t.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→n.拒绝；抛弃________答案：(1)suspect(2)foresee(3)blame(4)handle(5)positive(6)conclude；conclusion(7)attend；attendant(8)expose；exposure；exposed(9)cure；treat(10)pollute；pollution(11)contribute；contribution(12)defeat；beat(13)challenge；challenging(14)absorb；absorbing；absorbed(15)severe；severely(16)announce；announcement(17)instruct；instruction(18)construction；construct(19)reject；rejectionⅡ.填空习短语高效识记1．put ________提出2．expose... ________使显露；暴露3．make ________讲得通；有意义4．be ________ blame 应受谴责；应负责任5．lead ________通向；导致6．look ________调查7．cure sb. ________ illness 治愈某人的疾病8．link... ________将……和……联系或连接起来9．apart ________除……之外；此外10．be strict ________ sb.对某人严格的11．draw________conclusion得出结论12．contribute________有助于；促进13．be absorbed________全神贯注于答案：1.forward 2.to 3.sense 4.to 5.to6．into7.of8.to9.from10.with11.a12.to13.inⅢ.精彩写句式典句背诵1．________(既不) its cause________(也不) its cure was understood.(neither...nor...既不……也不……)2．So many thousands of terrified people died________________________(每次暴发霍乱时)．(every time作连词引导时间状语从句)3．______________(为防止) this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies__________________(进行检测)．[不定式作目的状语/suggest(建议)＋宾语从句]4．He knew that cholera would____________________(直到……才被控制) its cause was found.(never...until...引导时间状语从句)5．________________(只有你把太阳放在那儿) did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(only if置于句首的倒装句)答案：1.Neither；nor 2.every time there was an outbreak of cholera 3.To prevent；be examined 4.never be controlled until 5.Only if you put the sun there1．后缀－sion构成抽象名词①conclusion结论；结束②admission准许进入；承认③confusion混乱④expression词语；表达方式⑤permission允许⑥profession职业；专业2．单复数意义不同的常见名词①instruction命令；传授/instructions用法说明书；操作指南②brain脑力，智慧/brains脑髓③custom风俗/customs海关④good善行，利益/goods货物⑤pain痛苦/pains辛苦，努力⑥time时间/times时代3．动词＋n.＋to①expose...to使显露；暴露②add...to增添；增加③compare...to...把……比作……④devote...to把……奉献于⑤supply...to供应……给⑥offer...to...(主动)提供……给4．表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词荟萃①positive积极的②subjective主观的③neutral中立的④objective客观的⑤negative消极的⑥critical批评的⑦doubtful怀疑的⑧approving满意的1conclude v t.&v i.结束；推断出[经典例句] [牛津词典]He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
Unit 1 Great scientists高考试题一(2016·浙江卷阅读理解C篇)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground —and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she h as, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world —is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂50. According to some developmental psychologists, .A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that .A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children may learn the rules of language by .A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s p lay.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’research and babies’ play?A. Convincing.B. Confused.C. Confident.D. Cautious.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
Unit 1 Great scientists(时间：45分钟满分：100分)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．—Will you be able to receive the guests from Germany?—I am afraid not.I will_be_attending (attend) an important meeting then.2．Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals，if not handled (handle) properly，may contribute to spreading diseases.3．Your face will get burnt if exposed (expose) to the sunlight for a long time.4．Keeping prices from going up too sharply is a challenge to China as well as the whole world.5．Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and there is still no cure for it.6．I wonder why Ann didn't get offered (offer) the job.She is the right person for it.7．The army was welltrained and wellarmed，and had little difficulty defeating (defeat) the enemy.8．The construction (construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year.9．Absorbed (absorb) in his writing，the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.10．The prime minister is making an important announcement (announce) at the moment.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets our of control.去掉a2．I always have so many things to attend when I come back to the company after a trip abroad.attend后加to3．Absorbing in the book she was reading，Mary didn't notice me approaching.Absorbing→Absorbed4．Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result.is→are 5．He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin.去掉for 6．The teacher cured him his bad habits and he made great progress in English.him 后加ofⅢ.阅读理解Just a couple of hours ago，I was on the plane，ready to fly home from London.The flight had been delayed by a few hours so it felt good to be so close to takeoff.I had my iPod in place and a new book to read.Then，over the loudspeaker came the pilot's voice：“The ground crew has found a metal instrument in one tire.We regret that we must cancel this flight.”The passengers' reactions that announcement led to were interesting.One man close to me began to argue with a flight attendant.A couple in another row complained loudly.A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the seat in front of him.Yet some passengers responded differently.An elderly gentleman smiled as he helped others take their bags down from the overhead compartments(隔间)．A teenager，rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other passengers，stopped to help a woman with a disability.The lady sitting next to me laughed and said：“Hey，it's not the end of the world...” before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with them.The wisest among us have a remarkable ability to maintain grounded when times get tough.No life is perfect，mine certainly isn't.We all must face challenges，both large and small.You and I have the power to choose to rise above the external circumstances.We always have the choice to be strong and kind when things fall apart.That's grace under pressure.My seatmate was right—things could have been so much worse.Anyway，I am safe.I have my health.I have two wonderful children.I have work I love and so much to be grateful for.Sure I now have to wait a few hours to catch the next flight home.语篇解读本文描述作者乘坐的飞机航班取消时人们不同的反应，由此作者感到情况并没有很糟糕，应时刻保持乐观优雅的姿态。
课时作业（二十一)Ⅰ.阅读理解［2017·石家庄二模]If you watch British television on March 15，you might be surprised to see celebrities(名人）wearing funny red noses and joking around。
But don’t worry。
They're not mad。
It's all part of a money raising event called Red Nose Day.Founded in 1985 by two British comedians，the aim of the event is to raise money to fight poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa。
Celebrities and public figures support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows。
For example，UK Prime Minister David Cameron once appeared in a music video by One Direction，which the band produced for the event.Britons don’t just raise money for charitable causes on one day a year，but they do it all year round.One way of doing so is by shopping in charity shops。
These small shops sell clothes，books and household goods just like any other shop except that it’s all secondhand。
必修五Unit 1Great scientistsⅠ。
常考单词必背1．conclude vt。
推断出；缔结；使结束vi。
结束；总结；作决定；作协议From what he says I conclude that he has not much interest in it.我从他所说的话来判断，他对此没有多大兴趣。
［快速闪记］（1）conclude sth错误!以……结束conclude sth (from sth）/that。
.。
推断出，断定to conclude总而言之；最后（2)conclusion n．结论；结束draw/reach/arrive at/come to a conclusion得出结论come to the conclusion that。
.所得结论是……in conclusion最后2．expose vt。
使暴露；使显露；使面临;揭露；揭发She exposed her unwanted baby by the roadside.她将不想要的婴儿丢弃在路边。
This film has been exposed.这胶卷已经曝光了。
［快速闪记](1）expose..。
to。
.将……暴露于……expose oneself to使自己暴露于……（2)exposed adj。
暴露的；无掩盖的be exposed to暴露于……（3）exposure n．[U］暴露；显露；揭露3．challenge n．挑战vt.向……挑战We will build our defenses beyond challenge，lest weakness invite challenge。
我们要防患于未然，懈怠会带来麻烦。
New competitors are emerging to challenge the old economic arrangements。
新的竞争对手正在崛起，向旧的经济布局挑战。
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.阅读理解A(2017·江西南昌模拟)China's admiration of outstanding scholars has turned the well preserved childhood home of Tu Youyou，the Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家)who won this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology (生理学)or Medicine，into a popular tourist destination.Since it was announced on Monday that 84year old Tu had become the first Chinese citizen to win this international prize，her former home in the old town of Ningbo，Zhejiang Province，has attracted visitors，especially parents and their children—even though it is not open to the public.The house，where Tu lived until she went to university in Beijing，covers an area of 2,200 square meters and is priced at 150 million yuan($23.6 million)．It is part of a complex of 37 traditional buildings，including several city and district level cultural relic preservation sites，that have been transformed into a high end art and commercial zone.“There are continually parents taking their children，from infants in strollers to college students，to take photos in front of Tu's former home.Security guards have been ordered to go on patrol around the clock，”said Mr.Zhao，a salesperson from Ningbo Real Estate Inc.Co.Shanghai resident Xu Lingfei，who was on a trip to Ningbo，took her 9year old son to walk around the complex on Wednesday.“Chinese people believe in exams and awards and have a strong preference for high performers.Taking children to visit the former dwelling places of celebrities (名人) is a way to inspire them to study harder，” Xu said.Something similar happened after Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.Tourists started visiting Mo's former home in rural Gaomi，Shandong Province，in an endless stream starting the day after he won the prize.Some even pulled the radishes planted in front of the house and carried away some bricks.1．Tu Youyou's former house is now popular mainly because ________.A．Tu won the Nobel PrizeB．it has some cultural relicsC．it covers a large areaD．it is a great art and commercial zone2．Why did Xu Lingfei take her son to visit Tu's former home?A．She admired Tu very much.B．She planned to buy the house.C．She intended to take photos there.D．She wanted her son to be inspired.3．Where is Mo Yan's former home located?A．Shanghai. B．Gaomi.C．Ningbo. D．Beijing.4．What is the main idea of the text?A．Tu Youyou's former home is for sale.B．More Chinese have won the Nobel Prize.C．The Nobel winner's home becomes an instant attraction.D．Children benefit from visiting the Nobel winner's home.【语篇导读】本文描述屠呦呦获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖之后，她的故居大热，吸引了很多游客前来参观。
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.阅读理解A(2016·青岛市二模)导学号 42492471Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact.The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength.This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa.They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the vi rus to “hot up” and become more severe.The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process.The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destruc tive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this kn owledge gap.”Professor Miles Carroll, a coauthor of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”文章大意：本文是医疗科研报告。
Unit 1 Great scientists 一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多8.Apart_fromAt the conference， the manager of the company put forward several suggestions on how to gain success in the competitive world. He said it was being fully devoted to one's work that contributed to one's success， which I think makes sense in our daily life. To conclude，we are supposed to spare no effort to realize our dream.A large population and too many private cars contribute to heavy traffic jam in the city.大量的人口和过多的私家车导致城市严重的交通阻塞。
②If you want to contribute_to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。
③Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions_(contribute) to the class.(上海高考写作)参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好机会，并对班级做出贡献。
Unit 1 Great scientists高考试题一(2016·浙江卷阅读理解C篇)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground —and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she h as, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world —is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂50. According to some developmental psychologists, .A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that .A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children may learn the rules of language by .A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s p lay.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’research and babies’ play?A. Convincing.B. Confused.C. Confident.D. Cautious.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
第一部分必修五Unit 1Ⅰ.单句语法填空导学号424924661．For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __connected__(connect)．解析：本题考查非谓语动词。
句意：对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。
本句中的关键词是stay(保持)，它是一个连系动词，后接形容词作表语。
connected是形容词，意为“有联系的，有来往的”，符合句意。
stay connected是“stay ＋形容词化的过去分词”构成的系表结构。
本题中的staying connected和keeping in touch表达同一个意思。
2．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras__returned__(return) to our shop for quality problems.解析：本题考查非谓语动词。
句意：生产商定期来收回那些因为质量问题而被退回到我们商店的照相机。
return此处意为“退回”，cameras与return之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成的动作。
3．When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it __with__ important points.解析：句意：当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要以重点而结束。
4．__To_stay__(stay) warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.解析：考查非谓语动词。
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.完形填空(建议用时17′)The officers looked over everything carefully in the box, and __15__ him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if __16__ reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be charged according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after __17__ the plane for long. After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep __18__ on him, because the additional high “school” fee that he had ever paid made him realize the value of __19__， which he would __20__ as the secret of his success forever.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。
文中讲述了一个商人的故事，他过海关为了逃税而撒谎，结果却经受了更为严格的检查，他从中懂得了诚实的重要性。
1．A.set up B．took upC．went up D．picked up答案：A set up“建立”；took up“占据”；went up“上升”；picked up“捡起”。
