课标通用2018版高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 4 Wildlife protection讲义 新人

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.多项选择1．(2018年河南市实验中学模拟)__________ experts’ opinions，they gave up the experiment immediately.A．According to B．As a result ofC．Instead of D．With the help of解析：选A。

考查短语辨析。

句意：根据专家们的意见，他们马上放弃了这项实验。

according to按照，根据，符合题意。

2．No one has come up with a better explanation of why dinosaurs __________.A．died away B．died forC．died of D．died out解析：选D。

考查短语辨析。

句意：尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝作出一个更好的解释。

die out意思是“灭绝，消失”，符合语境。

die away逐渐消失，逐渐减弱；die for为……献身；die of因……而死。

3．Too much drinking will do__________ to your health；you should take the doctor’s advice.A．harm B．troubleC．damage D．hurt解析：选A。

do harm to对……有害。

trouble麻烦；damage破坏；hurt伤害，均不符合句意。

4．After graduation from college，he began to wander from city to city，__________a suitable job.A．hunting for B．taking onC．looking after D．bringing up解析：选A。

hunt for a job找工作。

5．These days Victoria has been __________ in her graduation paper and has no time to take care of her pet dog.A．employed B．usedC．devoted D．hired解析：选A。

课时作业12 Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.短语填空burst into laughter, in relief, dying out , pay attention to, at peace, in peace, came into being, according to ,protect; from, in danger,1．Seeing the airplane land on the airport safe，all the passengers sighed ________.2．Do ________ your handwriting so that you will be employed as the secretary.3．Because of human activities，many animals are ________.4．The old couple prefer to live ________ in the countryside.5．The two countries have been always at war and never ________.6．In order to ________ the students ________ H1N1，many effective measures have been taken.7．These two coal miners are still ________，but the doctors are doing their best.8．No one knows when such a custom ________.9．I will do it ________ your instructions.10．Hearing the Red Army man's joke，all the audience ________.[答案]1.in relief 2.pay attention to 3.dying out 4.in peace 5.at peace 6.protect；from 7.in danger 8.came into being 9.according to 10.burst into laughterⅡ.单词拼写1．Nowadays, almost all popular music ________(包含)elements of African music.2. The soldiers lined up for their daily ________(检阅)by their officers.3. The storm came so ________(凶猛地) that hardly anything could be done before the destruction occurred.4. I would really ________(感激)it if you paid in cash.5. One of the phenomena that attracted my________(注意力)was the structure of the human body.6. The rise in the price of bread will________(影响)all the people in that small town.7. Information must be stored so that it is________(安全的) from accidental deletion.8. He showed his enemies no ________(仁慈)．9. He ________(雇用)fifty people in his factory.10. The school is three miles ________(远的)from the town.[答案]1.contains 2.inspection 3.fiercely 4.appreciate 5.attention 6.affect 7.secure 8.mercy 9.employs 10.distantⅢ.单项填空1. Until the noise of the bus________， we were able to hear the program again.A. died fromB. died outC. died awayD. died off[解析]句意：直到公共汽车的噪音逐渐消失，我们才又能够听到节目。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.阅读理解(2016·沈阳第一次质量监测)In 2013 alone at least 20,000 African elephants were killed for their teeth.In South Africa over the last two years more than 2,200 rhinos were killed for their horns.These numbers are alarming,because current rates of illegal hunting are faster than birth rates,which could lead to extinction of these ecologically important creatures in the environment.Indeed,some elephant and rhino populations are on track to be locally extinct within the next decade.If you are reading this,you may already be aware of these facts.But you might not know that wildlife trafficking(非法交易) not only threatens the existence of elephants and rhinos but is also leading to extinction of other species,such as tigers,tortoises,sea turt les,and the world’s most trafficked mammal(哺乳动物)—pangolins.Pangolins are the only mammals that are entirely covered in toughscales(鳞),which makes them look very strong.But actually they are endangered mammals.There are eight different species of pangolins,four in Asia and four in Africa,and all are threatened with extinction.Although pangolins are protected throughout most of the countries where they live,high demand in East Asia,where the delicious pangolin meat is considered a delicacy and where their scales are used in traditional medicines,is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts.The number of pangolin trafficking is shocking.Experts believe that over the last 10 years more than 1 million pangolins were taken from the wild.It is estimated that between 40,000 and 81,250 pangolins w ere killed for the illegal trade in 2013 alone.In February,the United States released a plan to deal with wildlifetrafficking,which lays out the steps we will take to fight the illegal trade in wildlife,including pangolins.We are strengthening the carrying out of theplan;building int ernational cooperation and contribution to protect wildlife;raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the il legal trade.Get involved and remember World Wildlife Day(March 3) by spreading the e social media and tell everyone that now it is time to get serious a bout wildlife crime and end the demand that threatens species,big and small,from the huge elephant to the shy pangolin.1.How many endangered creatures are mentioned in the passage?A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.2.Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?A.Eight species of pangolins live on the same continent.B.Pangolins are not protected in most of their natural habitats.C.The scales of pangolins can be used as an ingredient for cooking.D.High demand contributes to the illegal trade of pangolins in East Asia.3.What can we know about the plan released by the US?A.Social media will b e used to spread World Wildlife Day.B.Whether the plan will be worked out remains to be seen.C.The US will work together with other countries to protect wildlife.D.More and more people are advised to increase their needs of pangolins.4.What is the author’s intention of writing the passage?A.To inform us something about World Wildlife Day.B.To raise awareness of protecting endangered wildlife.C.To explain why pangolins are illegally traded in East Asia.D.To show how the United States is to fight the illegal trade in wildlife.Ⅱ.完形填空In the wild,it often comes down to predator and prey(捕食者与猎物),the hunter and the hunted.Most animals want to stay 1 .They have developed ways of adapting to2 habitats,and hiding or escaping from those who would like to3 them.So how do they do that?One very he lpful adaptation is called camouflage(伪装).You may have been 4 by an animal that was using camouflage in the past.It looked so similar to its surroundings that you nearly 5 seeing it at all.Its coloring,markings,or other physical features resemble its 6 so much that you can look directly at it without 7 it at first.This is often good enough to fool a predator that is scanning an area to look for 8 .This helps prey to 9 from its predator.But did you know that it often works the other way around,too?Predators can use camouflage to 10 their prey.If a predator wants to eat a certain animal,and that animal cannot see it lying in 11 ,it can catch its prey 12 ,swallowing it before it even knows what is happening.Another popular adaptation is mimicry(拟态).Mimicry is when an animal has markings or other 13 characteristics that allow it to look like some other kindof animal or plant.If it can make its predators 14 that it is something that preys on them,or would at least be difficult or 15 to catch,its predator will often go off in search of a(n) 16 target.Sometimes animals are able to 17 when their habitat changes because they adapt to the new conditions.For example,birds that were accustomed to nesting in tall 18 have survived industrialization of their habitat by learning to nest in the narrow openings of tall buildings.Raccoons(浣熊) easily adapt to residential areasthat have 19 their woodland homes.They often help themselves to any food they can get,such as food in trash cans,or 20 inside people’s homes!1.A.warm B.alive C.active D.youngfortable B.nativeC.traditionalD.severe3.A.lose B.know C.kill D.help4.A.annoyed B.inspiredC.surprisedD.disturbed5.A.missed B.stopped C.started D.forgot6.A.trash B.parent C.enemy D.habitat7.A.feeling B.hearing C.seeing D.smelling8.A.brothers B.food C.friends D.water9.A.learn B.hide C.steal D.benefit10.A.amuse B.excite C.confuse D.trap11.A.turn B.delight C.trouble D.wait12.A.disagreeably B.regularlyC.unexpectedlyD.doubtfully13.A.physical B.socialC.chemicalD.cultural14.A.believe B.rem emberC.proveD.accept15.A.eager B.painfulC.proudD.ashamed16.A.bigger B.easier C.lighter D.older17.A.recover B.relax C.assess D.survive18.A.trees B.poles C.towers D.boards19.A.picked up B.put upC.taken upD.given up20.A.still B.al so C.even D.just〚导学号92550042〛Ⅲ.语法填空(2017·安徽“皖南八校”第二次联考)Getting fit no longer 1.(require) a pencil-and-paper workout plan or a food di ary.If you’re looking for some new and 2.(create) ways to improve your health,try FitTime.It’s like your personal trainer.After 3.(get) all the information it needs—your height,weight,age,and exercise habits—it gives you a customized training course,4. asks you to work out four times a week for about two5.(month).The exercises focus6. a different part of your body every day.For instance,on Monday,you do push-ups(俯卧撑) to build up your arms,and on Tuesday,you build up7.(strong) in your legs by doing deep knee bends.8. exercise plan changes as time goes by.The best part of this app is that everyone can share 9.(they) workout results and follow their training.It is a great way for you and your friends 10. (encourage) each other to build strong bodies.Ⅳ.短文改错(2016·山东半岛联盟第二学期摸底)Taking parts in recreation activities help us keep fit.There are various kinds of activity in our daily life,for example,listening to music,watching TV,playing chess,or going to cinema.But I think we’d better to have more outdoor activities.As students,we usually sit too longer in the classroom,and as a result our eyes and brains getting tired.But it’s a good idea to play ball games,go swimming,do some runnings,or even go for a picnic.Our brains also need changes to make itself smart and active.In a word,exercise is good for health.〚导学号92550043〛##考点规范练9(必修2Unit4)Ⅰ.【解题导语】由于人们的捕猎,一些物种濒临灭绝。

Unit 4 Wildlife protection（一）地球上速度最快的十种动物The animal kingdom is full of animals that have shown impressivephysical skills and adaptable abilities. Some of them are known foragility，while others are known for strength. Below，you will find outwhich animals are the 10 fastest on land:动物王国中有许多动物展现了傲人的体力和适应能力。

有些以敏捷著称，有些则因力量而闻名。

接下来就带你领略陆地上10种最快动物的风采。

1. Cheetah – 112 mph 猎豹：时速112英里2. Pronghorn – 100 mph 叉角羚：时速100英里3. Springbok – 60 mph 跳羚：时速60英里4. Ostrich – 60 mph 鸵鸟：时速60英里5.Wildebeests – 50 mph 牛羚：时速50英里6. Lion – 50 mph 狮子：时速50英里7. Blackbuck – 50 mph 印度黑羚：时速50英里8. Hare – 50 mph 野兔：时速50英里9.Greyhound – 45 mph 格雷伊猎犬（灵缇）：时速45英里10. African Wild Dog – 44 mph 非洲野狗：时速44英里（二）西双版纳野象因＂失恋＂损坏15辆汽车A wild elephant strayed onto a national highway in Yunnanprovince during the Spring Festival holiday and damaged 15parked cars.The animal，named Zhusunya，left the Wild Elephant ValleyScenic Area in the province’s Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture on Friday afternoon and walked onto a section of the G213 National Highway，according to local police.Pictures and video of the elephant walking down the road，swinging its trunk and legsat the cars it passed，were published online and went viral over the holiday.In his 20 minutes on the loose，Zhusunya dented door panels and broke several car windows before disappearing back into the scenic area.The elephant’s escapade was fueled by the failure of a courtship which left Zhusunya with an＂erratic temperament＂，said the staff. The scenic area authority said its insurance company had carried out an investigation and would compensate for all damages caused.zx&x*k The Wild Elephant Valley is a tropical rain forest park that opened in 1996，with a total area of 370 hectares. It is a popular draw for tourists with its populations of buffaloes，green peafowls and macaques.春节期间，一只野象在云南省一条国道上＂游荡＂，还损坏了停靠在路边的15辆汽车。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.单词拼写1．The experienced hunter ________(检查)carefully the footprints and concluded that these belonged to the wolf.2．Professor Lee is so interested in plants that he __________(利用)almost all his spare time to plant flowers.3．The greenhouse gas mainly caused by cars really __________(危害)the environment where we live.4．A young man with a(n) ________(稳定的)job and salary might have the money to buy an apartment in the center of the city.5．Several natural ________(保护区)have been set up to protect those endangered plants and animals.6．Because human beings destroy the rainforest, the number of wild animals living there has ____________(下降)quickly.7．These bottles with an unpleasant smell were used to be the ________(容器)to hold petrol.8．Although smoking ________(影响)people's health, China has the largest number of people who are smoking.9．After the incident, children finally __________(感激) the importance of learning first aid.10．Having overcome so much difficulty, the group finally ________(成功)in catching the person who had killed two tigers in the wild.答案1．inspected 2.employs 3.harms 4.secure 5.reserves6．decreased 7.containers 8.affects 9.appreciated10．succeededⅡ.单句语法填空1．The International Labour Organization helps to improve working conditions and create ________ (employ) opportunities.2．As we all know, smoking is ________ (harm) to our health.3．He opposes ________ (fierce) to flexible working hours and does not believe in working at home.4．I have a great ________ (affect) for my grandmother.5．He's going to make decisions that won't be altogether ________ (wild) popular with the American people.6．There's nothing like a good nap, or a long night's sleep to ________ (relief) tensions.7．We respect Dr. Jones, because he's devoted his whole life to the ________ (protect) of the rare animals.8．His talents are not fully ________ (appreciation) in that company.9．In view of what he has done, he will ________ (certain)succeed.10．The product was developed in ________ (respond) to customers' demand.11．He suggested ________ (make) a list of the things we needed.12．This is the only book ________ covers the information he needs.13．There is no time ________ (leave). Let's hurry.14．In the last five hundred years, a lot of wild animals and plants ________ (disappear)．15．What is her reaction ________ this concert?16．The noise of the engine died ________ as the car disappeared in the distance.17．I'm curious to know when the dance club first came into ________.18．Having lost engine power, the boat's crew found themselves ________ the mercy of the wind.19．Tom succeeded ________ saving the girl from being drowned.20．Mr. Black was ________ a loss faced with the fierce flood.答案1．employment 2.harmful 3.fiercely 4.affection5．wildly 6.relieve 7.protection 8.appreciated9．certainly 10.response 11.making 12.that13．left 14.have disappeared 15.to16．away 17.being 18.at 19.in 20.atⅢ.单句改错1．Daisy had always been longed to help the endangered species of wildlife.________2．Tom, it's late for school. Get up and get dressing quickly.________3．Almost all the animals have their special ways to protect them from their enemies.________4．You should pay attention about your pronunciation so that you can make yourself understood.________5．Justin suggested that I went with him to a private place where we could be alone.________6．School children spend too much time on video games, which would be harm to their eyes and affect their school achievements.________答案1．去掉been 2.dressing改为dressed3．them改为themselves 4.about改为to5．went改为go或should go6．be改为do或harm改为harmfulⅣ.语法填空The two­day G20 Summit was __1__(success) held as scheduled on September 4 in Hangzhou of East China's Zhejiang Province. The city made full __2__ (prepare) to host guests from around the globe with __3__ (it) fantastic scenery and food.G20 Summit is now an important platform that leaders from major economies gather together to find ways __4__ (promote) global growth. In recent years, the world economy __5__ (recover) gradually from the 2008 financial crisis, __6__ the economic situation is still complex and serious.China, __7__ the G20 presidency country this year, hopes to work out new solutions to these problems through this platform __8__ connects developed countries, emerging markets and __9__ (develop) countries. Chinese President Xi Jinping says on the 2016 Summit in China that the G20 economies should embrace the vision of a global community with a __10__ (share) future and ensure the benefits of economic growth will be equitably shared by the people of all countries.答案1．successfully 2.preparations 3.its 4.to promote5．has recovered 6.but/though 7.as 8.that/which9．developing 10.sharedⅤ.短文改错Dear Mr. Jackson，I'm really sorry about my use the mobile phone in your lecture last week.I know any word mightn't sound a made­up excuse. But I don't use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply for some American universities last week. Thatday, I got an offer and they needed my further informations immediately. However I had no other choice but try sending them a text message in class. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in the touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give one back to me?Hope you can accept my apologies or understand my situation.Li Hua答案Dear Mr. Jackson ， I'm really sorry about my use usingthe mobile phone in your lecture last week. I know any word mightn't might sound a made­up excuse. But I don't didn'tuse the mobilephone for no reason. I was trying to apply for tosome American universities last week. That day, I got an offer and they needed my further informations informationimmediately. However Therefore/Thus I had no other choice but ∧totry sending them a text message in class. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in the touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give one itback to me? Hope you can accept my apologies or andunderstand my situation.Li Hua。

Unit 4Wildlife protectionⅠ.常考单词必背1．decrease v i.& v t.减少；(使)变小或变少They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.他们正尽力降低生产成本。

[快速闪记](1)decrease to...减少到……decrease by...减少了……decrease from...to...从……减少到……(2)on the decrease在减少中2．loss n．损失；遗失；丧失He was at a loss for words.他不知该说些什么。

[快速闪记]lose v. 失去；输掉，失败3. hunt v t.& v i.打猎；猎取；搜寻We've been hunting for the car keys for the last half hour.过去的半小时里，我们一直在找汽车钥匙。

[快速闪记]hunt for sb/sth 寻找某人/物hunt after追逐，追求hunt down追捕，缉拿4．respond v i.回答；响应；做出反应He always responds to my questions without any patience.他总是很不耐烦地回答我的问题。

[快速闪记](1)respond to...回应……；对……做出反应respond by doing sth 以某种方式回应(2)response n．响应；回答5．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。

[快速闪记](1)in relief如释重负；松了口气to one's relief令人感到欣慰的是(2)relieve v t.减轻；缓解；消除relieved adj.宽慰的；不再忧虑的6．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯It's a mercy she wasn't seriously hurt.很幸运她伤得不重。

Unit 4 Wildlife protection话题词汇1．circumstance n．情况；形势；环境2．conservation n．保存；保护3．protect v．保护4．recycle v．回收；再循环5．waste v．浪费6．pollution n．污染7．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事8．run out of用完；用尽9．realize the importance of environment 意识到环境的重要性10．ar ouse people’s awareness of environmental protection提高人们的环保意识话题佳作你校计划进行一次宣传活动，主题是保护人类共同的朋友——动物。

现请你就此写一份宣传材料，内容包括动物的生存现状、动物对于人类的重要性等，并且在最后提出倡议。

佳作欣赏Dear friends，Have you noticed that the number of rare animalsis on the decrease？With our environment going worse，many animals can’t adapt to the new changes so that many species are endangered or have even died out.Besides，human activity also has a great influence on them.To conclude，please remember your care can make a difference.Join us in protecting our best friends—animals.名师点睛A．写作必记单词1．protection n．保护protect sb.from/against保护某人以免……under the protection of在……保护下2．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(1)merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的(2)show mercy to (＝have mercy on)对……仁慈at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制(3)It was a m ercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.(填冠词)3．importance n．重要(性)(1)be of importance (＝be important) 重要的(2)It is important that we (should) help(help) each other.4．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍(1)contain oneself 控制自己(2)When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing(contain) lead，they absorb large quantities of lead.(2016·北京)(3)Our six­city tour includes(包括) a visit to London.用法点拨contain和include都是“包括”，但contain侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时；include侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.阅读理解[2017·湖北八校联考]Researchers found that women who had given birth might have a reduced risk of death from several common conditions than those who had not，according to a study released Friday by the Imperial College London (ICL)．The study，led by ICL researchers，was published in the journal BMC Medicine.It investigates the association between the so­called reproductive factors—such as having children and breastfeeding—and a woman's risk of death.Researchers analyzed data from 322,972 women across 10 countries，including the UK，France，Germany and Sweden，with an average age of 50.Each woman was followed for an average of 12.9 years.During this period，there were 14,383 deaths overall，which included 5,938 deaths from cancer and 2,404 deaths from circulatory system diseases，according to the study.The team compared reproductive factors with the risk of death from several common conditions，such as breast cancer，strokes and heart diseases.The researchers found that women who had given birth had a 20 percent reduced risk of death than those who had not.It was also found that there was a reduced risk of death (8 percent) in women who had breastfed compared to those who had not.The risk of death from cancer was lower in those who had given birth compared to those who had not.Within this group，the risk was reduced even further in women that gave birth to two or three children in comparison to those who had only one child.“Hormonal mechanisms may explain the lower risk of death that we observed with breastfeeding，and having given birth，as these factors are associated with changes in hormone levels，” said Dr Melissa Merritt from ICL，who led the study.1．According to the passage，the risk of death from cancer is lower in women who________.A．have given birth to no childB．have given birth to one childC．have given birth to more than one childD．have breastfed2．According to the research，if a woman has given birth and breastfed，her risk of death will decrease by________.A．20% B．28%C．12% D．16%3．Which of the following might be one of the findings of the research?A．Several common conditions lead to women's death.B．Reproductive factors are associated with changes in hormone levels.C．Women who have given birth live longer than those who have not.D．Having children might reduce women's risk of death from some diseases.答案：[解题导语]研究表明，和没生育过孩子的妇女相比，生育过孩子的妇女患病死亡的概率会大大降低。

Unit 4 Wildlife ProtectionⅠ.单句语法填空1．Never at a ________(lose) for words，I tried to find things in my life that might qualify for growth.(2016·江苏，完形)2．I watched for the desert sunsets，and ________(hunt) for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago.(2016·浙江，完形)3．One thing is ________ certain—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle！(2016·全国Ⅰ，完形)4．“You know，” she said，gently ________(rub) my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever.(2016·浙江，阅读D)5．This ________(affect) their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds，and can lead to kidney(肾) failure and death.(2016·北京，阅读C)6．The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have ________ quick bite before we go.(2016·浙江，20)7．According ________ a study of ，83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family.(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读B)8．But they are in danger ________ wearing themselves out by singing too much. 9．Actually，we can't succeed ________ everything we try.10．He ________ (employ) in writing a new book these days.答案 1.loss 2.hunted 3.for 4.rubbing 5.affects 6．a 7.to 8.of 9.in 10.has been employedⅡ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1．Daisy had always been longed to help the endangered species of wildlife. 2．Tom，it's late for school.Get up and get dressing quickly.3．Almost all the animals have their special ways to protect them from their enemies. 4．You should pay attention about your pronunciation so that you can make yourself understood.5．The medicine has a great affect on that disease.6．My parents had to use all what they had to buy the house in which we are now living. 7．I appreciate given such a good chance to make a speech on how to learn English well.8．As we all know，smoking is harmful for our health.9．There are several ways which we can cross the river without the help of local villagers.10．You needn't have taken a taxi.Why didn't you catch the last bus just like I told you?答案 1.去掉been 2.dressing→dressed 3.them→the mselves 4.about→to 5.affect→effect 6.去掉all或what→that7.appreciate后加being 8.for→to 9．去掉which或在which前加in或which→that10.like→asⅢ.单元考点作文串记(一)根据提示翻译句子1．大量捕杀影响了野生动物的数量。

Unit4 Wildlife protection1. ★decrease vt.&vi.(使)变小；减少 n. 减少decrease ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ from 在……基础上减少in 在……方面减少to 减至……；减少到……by 减少了……on the decrease 在减少a decrease in sth 某事物的减少☛The workers wanted to decrease the number of working hours and to increase pay. 工人们想要减少工作时间，涨工资。

☛There has been a steady decrease in population in this city. 这个城市的人口在不断减少。

【拓展延伸】increase v. & n. 增加，增长，增进increase by/to. . .增加了/到……on the increase 在增加中【名师点津】＂了＂与＂到＂的区别：表＂减少/增加了……＂时, decrease 和increase 后都要接介词by ；表＂减少/增加到……＂时, decrease 和increase 后都要接介词to 。

【跟踪典例】用适当的介词填空1. Compared with last year, our coal output has decreased ___________ 20 percent.2. The number of new students decreased ____________ 210 ____________ 160 this year.3. The world population is _____________ the increase.【答案】1. by 2. from; to 3. on2. ★die out 灭亡; 逐渐消失☛As a result, these endangered animals may even die out. 结果这些濒危动物甚至可能灭亡。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.词义辨析ws have been made to prevent people from killing__________animals and birds.A.distantB.wildC.secureD.fierce2.The farmers suffered a heavy___________because of the terrible storm.A.zoneB.harmC.lossD.insect3.The cruel king showed no ____________ and killed all the prisoners.A.reliefB.endingC.painD.mercy4.I waved my hand to catch her___________，but she just ignored me.A.attentionB.characterC.carpetD.style5.According to a study，little children often feel ___________near their parents.A.magicalB.secureC.faithfulD.universal6.I just wonder how he can feed a family of eight on such a low __________.A.basisB.stageC.incomeD.track7.To their________，someone had found the keys and handed them in.A.mercyB.incidentC.attentionD.relief8.On the floor lay four or five boxes __________ toys and books.A.decreasingB.employingC.containingD.affecting9.I would__________ it if you would let me deal with this by myself.A.appreciateB.inspectC.protectD.replace10.The government insists that the dam will not do any_________to the environment.A.reserveB.applicationC.bargainD.harm【答案】1---5 B C D A B 6---10 C D C A DⅡ.特殊句式专练语法填空1． So little time________we have that we must hurry up.2．Such a fierce dog________he have that we had to wait outside before we could get into his yard.3．Only when he returned________we told that the war had ended and the army had comeback.4． Only when Ann heard the bell ringing，________she see that she didn’t write her name on the paper.5． For a moment nothing happened; then________(come) cheers from the excited audience.6．According to a report on Daily Mail，it’s on Wednesday________people start feeling really unhappy.7．I have no idea why it is________he will go there with her.8． Where do you think it is ________we can buy that best－seller?9．It was not until 7：30________he got home yesterday, so his parents were very worried.10．How time flies! It’s in two months________we’ll say goodbye to our high school life.3．were4．did5．came6．that7．that8．that9．that10．that单项填空1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】5. “It is the realization ofthe Chinese Dream ______ put forward by Chairman Xi ______ presents a vision fornational revival and contributes to a new global landscape”, said foreign expertsat a dialogue Saturday in Shanghai.A. which; thatB. that; /C. /; whichD. /; that【答案】D名师点睛：强调句型常用句型：It is/was +… who/that…1. 如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用It is指过去用It was。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.阅读理解AA goat sent to a Russian animal park as live prey(猎物)for a tiger has instead made friends with the big cat.Amur the tiger and Timur the goat now sleep in the same area in an animal park in the city of Vladivostok. They eat and play together in the snow and this week even head­butted(用头撞)each other for fun.The story of the unusual friendship has touched hearts in Russia, with the animal park releasing regular updates on the pair. The park plans to install video cameras in their living area.Staff at the park said the tiger, which has been given live animals to hunt and eat twice a week for three years, did not touch the goat when it entered the living area last month because the goat did not show any fear.“No one had ta ught the goat to be afraid of tigers，” the park said to an AFP reporter.Zoo chief Dmitry Mezentsev described the unlikely friendship as nothing short of a miracle.He said the staff realized the tiger would not touch the goat after the two had spent three days together.Timur now sleeps inside the shelter where Amur previously slept, while the tiger spends the night on its roof.They meet up in the morning to walk around，with the goat usually following the tiger. Over the past few days they have begun playing together and running after each other.On Wednesday, Timur challenged Amur，hitting him with his horns (角)．“The tiger accepted the goat's challenge，”the animal park said.“He pushed his forehead against Timur's horns, and the friends butted heads for five seconds without fighting, after which, Amur calmly went to lie in the sun on the hill.”The tiger has also attempted to teach the goat how to catch prey and has recently taken a great interest in a block of salt given to Timur.Amur is now being fed live rabbits for lunch，“out of respect for goats，” said Mezentsev.1．Why was the goat sent to the Russian animal park?A．Because it was a rare species.B．Because its habitat had been destroyed.C．Because it was intended to be food for a tiger.D．Because it was going to be trained there.2．How did people find out about the story of Amur and Timur?A．From a report from AFP.B．From a staff member of the animal park.C．From visitors who happened to hear about it.D．From the information released by the animal park.3．What is Mezentsev's opinion on the friendship between Amur and Timur?A．He can't believe it is true.B．He thinks it is nothing special.C．He considers it an amazing thing.D．He thinks it is unlikely to last long.4．What can we learn from the text?A．The goat was afraid of the tiger at first.B．The tiger didn't accept any challenge from the goat.C．Amur and Timur were familiar with each other before.D．Amur and Timur learned skills from each other calmly.【语篇导读】本文讲述了一只山羊作为猎物被送往俄国的一个动物园，但是最终和老虎成为亲密无间的好友的故事。

Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ.单句语法填空导学号 424921911．He was worried, because he lost his bag __containing__(contain) his passport，ID card and a lot of money.解析：句意：他很担心，因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和一大笔钱的包。

contain表示“装有”，与bag构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应该用containing。

2．His explanation that he is at __a__ loss what to do next doesn't hold water.解析：考查冠词。

句意：他对接下来该做什么感到困惑的解释说不通。

at a loss意为“困惑，不知所措”，为固定短语。

3．It was mainly for the environmental protection __that__ the government decided to have a new city built 600 miles northwest of the original one.解析：考查强调句式。

分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who”结构，本题强调的是mainly for the environmental protection，因此用that。

4．__Before__ he could call the police, the thieves had run away with the suitcase，leaving him shocked and helpless.解析：考查连词。

句意：他还没来得及打电话报警，小偷已经带着手提箱逃跑了，这使他感到震惊与无助。

根据句意可知，before“在……发生以前”正确。

5．I'd appreciate __it__ if you could come and help me once more and I always appreciate __helping__(help) me with my English in the past.解析：考查appreciate的用法。

Unit4 Wildlife protection高考试题一（2017年高考新课标I卷阅读理解，B）I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?A. Efforts made in vain.B. Getting injured in his work.C. Feeling uncertain about his future.D. Creatures forced out of their homes.25. Why was the author called to Muttontown?A. To rescue a woman.B. To take care of a woman.C. To look at a baby owl.D. To cure a young owl.26.What made the chick calm down?A. A new nest.B. Some food.C. A recording.D. Its parents.27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.C. It’s humorous.D. It’s discouraging.【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用1．核心词汇①________ vt.包含；容纳；容忍②________ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到③________ vi.成功vt.接替；继任④________ vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻⑤________ vt.检查；视察⑥mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯________ adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的________ adj.残忍的⑦affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭________ n．影响⑧employ vt.雇用；利用时间、精力等________ n．雇员，雇工________ n．雇主________ n．雇用；使用；就业⑨harm n．&vt.损害；危害________ adj.有害的________ adj.无害的⑩respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应________ n．回答；响应答案①contain②appreciate ③succeed④hunt⑤inspect ⑥merciful；merciless⑦effect ⑧employee；employer；employment ⑨harmful；harmless ⑩response2．常考词汇①importance n．________________②attention n．________________③bite vt.& vi.________________④decrease vi.& vt._______________⑤certain adj.________________⑥powerful adj.________________⑦secure adj.________________⑧loss n．________________lose v．________________lost adj.________________⑨ending n．________________end n．&v．________________⑩distant adj.________________ distance n．________________答案①重要性②注意；关注；注意力③叮；咬；刺痛④减少；使变小或变少⑤确定的；某一；一定⑥强大的；有力的⑦安全的；可靠的⑧损失；遗失；丧失损失消失的⑨结局；结尾结束⑩远的；远处的远方用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Risk-takers were better at ________ (hunt)，fighting，or exploring.(2016·北京，七选五)2．Whatever it is，make sure it's a ________ (relieve)from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.(2016·全国Ⅱ，语法填空)3．This ________ (certain)makes my own views clearer.(2016·江苏，任务型阅读) 4．You should take a step back and identify(识别)those of greater and less ________ (important)．(2016·全国Ⅱ，语法填空)5．If we know that gossip can be ________ (harm)，then why do so many of us do it？(2016·浙江，阅读A)6．There are many ________ (power)people in their life and work.(2016·四川，阅读B)7．What kind of education can be ‘meaningful’ to young people ________ (affect)by conflict？(2016·浙江，阅读B)8．When condors(鹰)eat dead bodies of other animals ________ (contain)lead，they absorb large quantities of lead.(2016·北京，阅读C)9．This medicine is ________ (harm) to adults when taken properly.However，it may be ________ (harm) to children under 12 when over-taken.10．Take some ________ (protect)clothing to protect yourself from the insects and mosquitoes.It will give you enough ________ (protect)．答案 1.hunting 2.relief 3.certainly 4.importance 5.harmful 6．powerful 7.affected8.containing 9．harmless；harmful10.protective；protection【联想·积累】❶“雇用”家族①employ vt.雇用；利用时间、精力等②hire v．& n．租用，雇用③engage v．雇用，聘请④take on雇用，承担⑤on hire雇用，出租❷后缀-ful构成的必备形容词①beautiful 漂亮的②careful 小心的，谨慎的③doubtful 怀疑的，疑惑的④faithful 守信的⑤forgetful 健忘的⑥helpful 有帮助的⑦hopeful 充满希望的⑧skillful 熟练的⑨successful 成功的⑩wonderful 精彩的❸词形相近词对比记①inspect vt.检查；视察②aspect n．样子；外表；方面③respect n．&vt.尊敬；敬重④suspect vt.怀疑⑤expect vt.预料；盼望；认为❹“职场”高频动词集锦①employ 雇用②appoint 任命③fire 开除④resign 辞职⑤interview 面试⑥retire 退休Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用1．动词＋名词＋介词①pay attention ________ 注意②do harm ________ 对……有害③protect...________ 保护……不受……(危害)答案①to②to③from2．介词＋名词①________ peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地②________ danger (of) 在危险中；垂危③________ relief 如释重负；松了口气④________ mercy 毫不怜悯地答案①in②in③in④without3．其他形式①die ________ 灭亡；逐渐消失②according ________ 按照；根据……所说③________ that 以至于；结果；为了④burst ________ laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来⑤come ________ being 形成；产生答案①out②to③so④into ⑤into用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1．Students are placed into classes ____________ their current language skills.(2016·天津，阅读A)2．Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence ____________ a patient's silence is not interrupted too early.(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读D) 3．California condors(兀鹰)attract researchers' interest because they almost____________ in the 1980s.(2016·北京，阅读C)4．Though he was at the edge of the cliff，he did not sense he was ____________．5．We don't exactly know when the universe ____________．答案 1.according to 2.so that 3．died out 4.in danger 5.came into being 【联想·积累】❶“动词＋out”短语荟萃①hold out 坚持下去②set out 出发，着手，摆放③make out 理解，看清楚④come out 出版，出来⑤cut out 删去，切断⑥take out 取出，去掉❷“come into＋n.”短语一览①come into power 开始执政②come into effect/force开始生效，开始实行③come into existence形成，产生，开始存在④come into operation开始运转，实施，生效⑤come into use 开始使用⑥come into being形成；产生Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用原句背诵感悟1．It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.很遗憾在故事中无人帮助渡渡鸟。