第五讲动词
Part 1动词的分类
动词是构成英语句子的核心，是英语中最关键的词类，也是中考考查的重点项目之一。动词根据意义可以分为四类：系动词、实义动词即行为动词（包含及物动词和不及物动词）、助动词和情态动词。
考点一系动词
系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与表语结合构成系表结构，来说明主语的状态、性质、特征、身份等。
Be 动词用法
（1）be 动词（am ,is ,are）这三个动词常用作连系动词，在句中起连接主语和表语的作用。
This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。
I am nine. 我九岁了。
You are my good friend. 你是我的好朋友。
（2）be 动词三种形式的使用主要取决于主语。
主语是第一人称I（我）时，用am, 主语是第二人称you (你,你们)或名词及代词的复数时，用are，主语是第三人称单数it，he, she(它，他，她)或名词及代词单数时，用is.
（3）am, is, are 的意思是“是”，但不能处处翻译成“是”。
How are you? 你好吗？
（4）对be 进行否定，加not
I am a teacher. ——I’m not a teacher. They are students.—— They are not students.
（5）Be 与be not 的省略形式
What’s=What is name’s=name is I’m=I am You’re=You are he’s=he is
I am not (I’m not) are not (aren’t) is not (isn’t)
【典例精析】
（）1. — Do you know the song Gangnam Style? — Of course. It ____ interesting.
A. tastes
B. smells
C. sounds
D. feels
（）2. — Dinner is ready. Help yourself!
— Wow! It __________ delicious. You are really good at cooking.
A. looks
B. sounds
C. tastes
D. feels
考点二实义动词
实义动词可以单独作谓语。按句法作用可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。
Ⅰ. 及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意义完整。及物动词接宾语有以下三种情况：
不及物动词自身意义完整，不需要接宾语。
1. 有些动词既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。
Li Min can sing English songs. 李敏会唱英文歌。(及物动词)
Li Min sings English songs well. 李敏唱英文歌唱得很好。(不及物动词)
（）1. — Show me your homework, Dave? — Sorry, Mrs. Brown. I’ve ___ it at home.
A. missed
B. forgotten
C. lost
D. left
（）2. — You look sad. What has happened?
— Everyone __________ us to win the match, but we lost.
A. expects
B. expected
C. hopes
D. Hoped
（）3. — When will the plane Shanghai? — Sorry，I don’t know.
A. get
B. arrive at
C. reach
III. 延续性动词和非延续性动词
1. 延续性动词表示的动作是可持续的，可以和表示时间段的状语连用。
We have lived in China since 2001. 自从2001年以来，我们一直住在中国。
You can keep the book for two weeks. 你可以借用这本书两周。
2. 非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一经发生立即结束。非延续性动词不能和表示时间段的状语连用。如果要和表示时间段的状语连用，就要用其他词代替。
He has been here for five days. 他已经到这里5天了。（这里不能用has arrived）
The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已经开始10分钟了。（这里不能用has begun）
IV. 易混动词辨析
考点三助动词
助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。它必须和别的动词连用，构成各种句式、时态和语态等。常见的助动词有：be，do，does，did，have，has，had，will，shall等。
助动词的用法
【典例精析】
（）1. — ____ your son ____ a camera? — No. He ____ one this summer vacation. A. Has ... bought; will buy B. Did ... buy; bought
C. Does ... buy; bought
D. Does ... buy; will buy
（）2. She said she returned the book to the library. I’m sure she __________.
A. takes
B. is
C. was
D. did
考点四情态动词
情态动词和助动词一样，不能单独作谓语，必须与它后面的实义动词组合在一起共同作谓语。
【典例精析】
（ ）1. —__________ you sing an English song? — Yes, I can. A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need
（ ）2. Students in our school __________ know shouting is not allowed in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. need
（ ）3. — Honey, stay home before I return. — I __________, Mum. A. must B. can C. will D. should
（ ）4. A country has dreams. We teenagers __________ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created. A. may B. must C. should
（ ）5. It’s rather hot in the room. You’d better __________ the windows or the door. A. close B. not to close C. don’t close D. not close
（ ）6. — I hear you’ve got a new iPhone 4S. ____ I have a look? — Yes, certainly. A. May B. Do C. Shall D. Should
（ ）7. — __________ I try on those shoes in the window? — __________. They are just on show. (2016·呼和浩特) A. Could; Yes, you can B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t
C. Could; Sorry, you can’t
D. Can; Yes, you could （ ）8. — How does Jack usually go to school?
— He ride a bike, but now he there to lose weight.
A. used to; is used to walk
B. was used to; is used to walking
C. was used to; is used to walk
D. used to; is used to walking
Ⅰ. 情态动词词义辨析
可用于各种时态。另外，be able to
常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳动之后才能做到某事。
【典例精析】
（）1. Finish your homework first, then you’ll __________ watch TV for an hour.
A. can
B. be able to
C. able
D. could
（）2. — May I go out for a while, Mum? — No, you ____. You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
（）3. — Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?
— Yes, I’m afraid we ______. That’s the traffic rule.
A. can
B. may
C. have to
D. need
Ⅰ. 情态动词表推测
1. “情态动词+ 动词原形”表示对现在的推测。
Ⅰ在肯定句中表推测的情态动词有：might，may和must。其中might表示的可能性最小，再次是may，两者的意思都为“可能”。must表示的把握性最大，意为“一定”。
There’s no student in the classroom. They might play on the playground.
教室里没有学生。他们可能在操场上玩。
Tom told me the headmaster at the office. The man there may be the headmaster.
汤姆告诉我校长在办公室。办公室里的那个人可能就是校长。
The boy in red must be Mike. 穿红色衣服的男孩一定是迈克。
Ⅰcan表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。
The man in the car can’t be Mr. Black. He has gone to America.
汽车里的那个人不可能是布莱克先生，他去美国了。
2. 情态动词表示对过去情况的推测。
Ⅰ“must + have + 过去分词”表示过去一定发生过某事或存在过某种状态。
She must have seen the film before. 她之前一定看过这部电影。
Ⅰ“should + have + 过去分词”表示过去本应当做某事，而实际上并没有做；而它的否定式为“shouldn’t + have + 过去分词”表示本来不应当做，而实际上却做了。以上结构常带有说话者责备对方的感情色彩。You should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not finish it on time). 你应该早一些完
成你的作业（实际上你没有按时完成）。
【典例精析】
（）1. — Where are you going this month? — We ____ go to Xiamen, but we’re not sure.
A. needn’t
B. must
C. might
D. mustn’t
（）2. — Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
— Not yet. We __________ go to Qingdao. It’s a good place for vacation.
A. may
B. need
C. must
（）3. That T-shirt __________ be expensive because it’s by a famous designer.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. must
D. should
（）4. The woman who is talking with Mr. Brown be Miss Li. She has gone to England.
A. can’t
B. must
C. may
D. mustn’t
Part 2动词的形式
英语中动词是表示动作或状态的词，一般每个句子都要有一个动词来充当句子的谓语，来说明主语的特征。动词发生的时间不同，动词形式也会不同，而且主语的数也对动词的形式产生影响。因此动词有人称、数、时态、语态、语气的变化。绝大多数英语动词一般都有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。现以work, wash, carry, stop的变化为例来说明动词五种基本形式的变化，帮助
在一般现在时的肯定句中，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词也要用第三人称单数形式。动词第三人称单数
动词过去式主要用来帮助构成一般过去时态，过去分词主要用来帮助构成现在完成时、过去完成时和被动语态。过去式和过去分词的规则变化方法基本相同，不规则变化则很复杂，要注意单独记忆。
1.规则变化
课后家庭作业：
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. Must I finish my homework today ?
No ,you ____. You can go home now.
A mustn’t
B shouldn’t
C needn’t
D can’t
( ) 2. He likes Langlang ,so he likes playing ____. He plays it for half ____hour every day A the piano , a B piano , an C the piano ,an D piano ,a
( ) 3. This kind of animal ______China .
A is come from
B is from
C come from
D are from
( ) 4. Linda is good _____ looking after old people ,so she is good ____them
A at , at
B at , for
C for , at
D at ,with
( ) 5. YaoMing is a very ______player .He can play basketball very _______
A good , good
B well , well
C good well
D well , good
( ) 6.Scott has an interesting ______. He _____at a radio station .
A jobs . work
B jobs ,work
C job ,works
D job ,work
( ) 7. ______Sunday morning , Jim usually _______at 7:00
A On , get dressed
B At , gets dressed
C In , gets dressed
D On , gets dressed
( ) 8. Your cakes _____delicious
A tastes
B taste
C sound
D sounds
( )9 ._______does it take you to get _______home ?
A How far , to
B How far , /
C How long , to
D How long , /
( ) 10. _____! Can you ______the birds sing in the tree ?
A Listen , hear
B Hear ,hear
C Listen , listen to
D Hear , listen to
( ) 11. He doesn’t go to school ____, he goes to school ____his father’s car
A by bus ,by
B by the bus ,on
C by bus , in
D by the bus ,in
( )12. There are _______teachers in our school
A 2 hundreds
B 2 hundred
C 2-hundred
D 2-hundreds
( ) 13. We will have _______holiday next month
A 3 day
B 3 days
C 3-day
D 3-days
( )14 . _____John ______do the dishes?
A Do , have to
B Does , has to
C Does ,have to
D Do ,has to
( )15 . I don’t know the answer to this question , Jim doesn’t know, ____
A too
B or
C either
D also
( ) 16. Let’s not ______the secret to anyone
A to tell
B tell
C telling
D to telling
( )17 .________late for school.
A Don’t be
B Don’t
C Not be
D No
( )18 ._____does Bob like the zoo ? Because he likes animals
A Where
B Why
C Which
D What
( ) 19. If you can’t find your pen ,you can use mine . ___________
A Thanks a lot
B Of course
C You’re right
D You are welcome
( )20. We eat _____supper late in the evening
A.a B an C one D /
二、单词首字母填空。
1.At the last m_______, the player kicked the ball in.
2.The final-exam is to t______ how your study is in this term.
3.She’s my good friend. I don’t want to hurt her f______.
4.Mr. Li asks me to read a______ so that all of my classmates can hear me clearly.
5.It is said that Chang’e-6 will take a g____ of Chinese scientists to the Moon in 15 years.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I hate _________（leave) home.
2.We were all __________（please）at the news.
3.This is a private __________ (converse) between you and me.
4.He _______ (tidy) up his bedroom and went out.
5.The seeds ________ (grow) if you plant them in the soil.
四、完型填空。
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon.
The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”
( ) 1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough
( ) 2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard
( ) 3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for
( ) 4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said “No.”
( ) 5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot
( ) 6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work
( ) 7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to
( ) 8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach
( ) 9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate
( ) 10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing
五、阅读理解。
A
Tom walked into a shop. It bad a sign outside : "Second-hand (旧的) clothes bought and sold . "He was carrying an old pair of trousers and asked the owner of the shop, "How much will you give me for these?" The man looked at them and then said: "Two dollars."
"What !" said Tom. "I had guessed they were worth at least five dollars."
"No," said the man, "they aren't worth a cent more than two dollars."
"Well," said Tom, taking two dollars out of his pocket. "Here's your money. These trousers were hanging outside your shop. The list price (标价)of them was six dollars and a half. But I thought that was too much money, so I wanted to find out how much they were really worth."
Then he walked out of the shop with the pair of trousers and disappeared before the shop owner could think of anything to say .
( ) 1.At first the owner of the shop thought that Tom __________ .
A. wanted to steal the trousers
B. wanted to sell the trousers
C. wanted to fool him
D. wanted to buy the trousers
( ) 2. The owner of the shop_______ for the old trousers .
A. would give Tom two dollars
B. would pay three dollars
C. would pay five dollars
D. would give Tom six dollars and a half
( ) 3．The shop owner insisted that the trousers were worth only two dollars because ____ .
A. he wanted to sell them cheaply (廉价地)
B. he wanted to buy them cheaply
C. he didn't like the trousers
D. they were old and dirty
( ) 4．In fact, the trousers _________.
A. were hanging inside the shop
B. were stolen by Tom from the shop
C. had been the shop owner's
D. had been Tom's
( ) 5．From the story we know that _________ cheaper than the list price.
A. the owner sold the trousers two dollars
B. Tom sold the trousers one dollar and a half
C. the owner bought the trousers three dollars
D. Tom bought the trousers four dollars and a half
B
Would you like to have an electric car? We will see this kind of cars soon in America. These quiet, clean cars run on electricity. Carmakers will start selling electric cars in 2011.
The world’s population will jump from 6. 8 billion to 9 billion by 2050. The need for cars will jump with it. But the oil won’t keep up with the number of cars on the road. So the price of oil will go up.
Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It can take eight hours to charge a car for only 100 miles of driving. And the distance（距离）that cars can go depends on（取决于）driving conditions. How far it travels depends on the weather and traffic.
Price is a problem, too. Electric models cost much more than oil-powered cars. The good news is that electric-car technology is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are dropping.
To charge the car, the US Department of Energy is paying for at least 10, 000 charging stations around the country. Private businesses are also getting ready for it. It will cost about $3 for each charge.
Carmakers are coming up with（想出）other ways to make the car cleaner and cheaper. Cars may run on clean diesel （柴油）. So who knows what will power the car you may be driving in 10 years? The chances are that it will be something that’s clean and easy.
6.The electric cars are ________.
A. large and noisy
B. large and quiet
C. clean and quiet
D. clean and noisy
7.Paragraph 2 mainly tells us the reason why ________.
A. electric cars appear
B. the population is growing
C. the oil price goes up
D. the oil price goes down
8.Why aren’t the electric cars perfect?
A. The cars don’t look nice and they’re slow.
B. The cars can’t be driven fast and they’re dangerous.
C. The cars take a long time to be charged and they cost too much.
D. The cars are cheap.
9.How far the electric car travels depends on the ________.
A. water and weather
B. weather and traffic
C. drivers and oil
D. water and oil
10.From the passage we know that ________________.
A. electric cars will be more expensive
B. nobody knows what will power the cars in 10 years
C. electric cars will be used by most people in 10 years
D. electric cars will be used by most people in 5 years
初中英语中考词组大全 [短语、词组归纳] 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料… 2．listen to…听…… 3．welcome to…欢迎到…… 4．say hello to …向……问好 5．speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.）+副词 6．put on 穿上 7．take off脱下 8．write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B．动词（vi）+副词。 9．come on赶快 10．get up起床 11．go home回家 12．come in进来 13．sit down坐下 14．stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 15.close the door 16.1ook the same 17. go to work/class 18. have a look/seat 19. have supper 20.1ook young 21. go shopping 22. watch TV/games 23. play games [介词短语聚焦] “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为 介词短语。现将Units l-16常用的介 词短语按用法进行归类。 24．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用种 语言或穿着……。 25．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等， 表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 26.in the morning/afternoon/evening 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。27．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 28．in the tree表示“在树上(非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树 本身所有)”。 29.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹进去).” on the wall表示“在墙上(墙表面)” 30．at work（在工作/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中 无the。 31．at + 时刻表示钟点。 32．like this/that表示方式，意为 “像……这/那样”。 33．of短语表示所属关系。 34．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名 词等，表示方位、处所。 35．from与to多表示方向，前者意为 “从……”，后者意为“到……”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。[重点句型大回放] 36．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对 某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句 型。其否定式常用I don’t think…37．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一 个是……”，必须是两者中。 38．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式， 其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 39．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者
look短语look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；look at看着；look up抬头看，在…查找；look up to尊敬；look down upon瞧不起；look like看起来像；look as if/though看起来好像；look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；look into调查；look out当心；look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾，回想look on旁观, 看作，当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟，put on穿上；上演；put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；put up举起，建造，张贴；put out扑灭；put down写下；放下；put aside把…搁在一边；put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现；turn round/around回头；turn over 翻开;翻转；turn to朝向;变成;求助于；turn…into…把…变成…；turn into变成；turn out结果证明是；turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over （使）翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回，往回走turn around旋转，转过身来 call短语call at拜访，后接地点；call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；call back回电话；call in 叫来；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for叫某人同往某处，要求；call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好；be fed up with对…厌烦；be different from与…不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受…欢迎；be fond of喜欢，爱好；be interested in对…感兴趣；be surprised at对…惊讶；be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；be proud of对…感到自豪；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in 对某事严格；be good to对…有好处；be good at擅长于…；be sure of/about对…有把握；be divided into被分成；be made up of由…构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满了；be late for…迟到；be covered with覆盖着；be familiar with对…熟悉；be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的；be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），在…进展（顺利）；get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；get off下车（船、飞机、马）；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down 下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out (of) (从…)出去；get to到达get together聚会；get in收割get through通过，度过，完成get hold of获得，取得get over越过，恢复，克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于
一. 只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词 1. want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to buy a new computer this afternoon. 2. would like to do sth.想要做某事 I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday. 3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 I wish to live on the moon one day. 4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事 I often help to do some chores at home. 5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to have a good rest this weekend. 6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher. 7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 They managed to escape the fire yesterday. 8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Never offer to teach fish to swim. 9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 He plans to travel around the world. 10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面） We can’t afford to go abroad this summer. 11. agree to do sth. 做某事 He agreed to do it at once. 12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事 I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning. 13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 The boy asks to go to school by bike. 14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事 He begged not to be put into prison.
初中英语常见动词短语归纳 A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活 look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢
quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论 talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快 come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下
初中阶段常用动词与介词搭配的短语 l．动词+about speak／talkabout谈论thinkabout思考careabout关心，对……有兴趣bringabout引起，使发生setabout着手，开始comeabout发生hearabout听说worryabout为……担心 hang out 闲逛 throw about乱扔 know\learn about了解 look around 环顾，四周看ask about 询问 complain about 抱怨2．动词+away throwaway扔掉blowaway吹走carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散dieaway逐渐消失,减弱passaway去世washaway冲走takeaway拿走，使消失putaway收拾起来，存起来giveaway捐赠、分发wearaway磨掉，消耗breakaway摆脱 run away 逃走 go away 走开3．动词 +backcome\beback回来、记起lookback(on)回顾holdback控制住giveback归还callback回takeback拿回，收回4．动词+for gofor努力获取askfor要求得到waitfor等候standfor代表，表示longfor渴望hope/wishfor希望得到carefor关心，喜欢payfor支付、偿还searchfor查找lookfor寻找callfor需要，要求providefor 提供 change…for用……换charge…for收费，要价applyfor申请take…for误以为……是sendfor派人去请comefor来拿，来取5．动
新目标英语七～九年级动词搭配专项练习 大全 练习1 add to增加，增进add ... to把……加进…… add up相加，加起来add up to总计；所有这一切说明 1) I don’t think these facts will _________________ anything. 2) Fifty new books have been _________________ the library. 3) The music ________________ our enjoyment of the film. 4) You must have made a mistake when you ________________ the bill ________________. 练习2 break away from打破；脱离，挣脱；改掉break down出毛病；身体(精神)衰弱；分解，拆开 break off暂停，中断break in强行进入，插话 break into闯入break into pieces成为碎片 break out爆发break up捣碎；驱散；瓦解；学期结束；拆散 break through突破 1) The criminal managed to break _________________ the police and ran into the woods. 2) When he heard the news, he broke _____________ and cried. 3) Don’t break ____________ while others are speaking. 4) Why don’t you break ____________ for a few minutes and have some coffee? 5) When does school break ____________? 6) After harvest we break _____________ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen. 练习3 bring up抚养；呕吐；提出bring about造成bring out取出；出版 bring in引入，引进；挣钱bring back使回想起bring down使下降，使倒下 1) The shopkeeper brought his price _________ to only five dollars. 2) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English. 3) The song brought __________ happy memories of our schooldays. 4) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding? 5) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan. 6) We decided to bring the matter __________ at the next meeting. 7) The wind brought __________ a lot of trees last night. 8) Next month they willbring ___________ a new edition ofthe book. 练习4 call on号召；拜访（某人）call at拜访、参观（某地）call for接（某人）；要求；需要call up使回忆起；征召入伍call in邀请；收集call out大喊，高叫；召集call off取消，不举行 1) Doctors are often called ___________ in the middle of the war.
31组动词固定搭配 act act as 担任...职务起….作用 act out 表演（对话、故事等） act for 代理（某人职务）；代为（处理某事） act up 捣乱；出毛病 break break away from 脱离，逃离 break down破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断；使顺服；插嘴（不及物） break into 闯入；强行进入（及物，后加进入的地点）；突然开始break out （战争，疾病，火灾等）爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚break off 打断，中断（break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break one’s promise 失言 break through 冲破 break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解 bring bring about 引起，实现，导致 bring (a)round 使改变观点或看法；使苏醒；顺便把某人带来串门bring back 送还；使想起，使恢复 bring down 击落；打死，打伤；使倒下；降低 bring forth 产生，引起，结果 bring in收获；获利；介绍，引进；聘请；逮捕 bring off 从船上救出；成功地做 bring on促使生长；帮助提高 bring out 取出，拿出；显示出，使出来；出版 bring over 说服，使改变(思想等) bring through 使度过(困难，危机等) bring together 使和解 bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐
Call call at (a place) 访问某地 call in 叫某人进来，邀请 call back 回电话 call for 请求，为……喊出，（接）找某人 call on (upon) 号召，拜访 call out大声叫 call up 打电话给……；召唤，召集，回忆起catch be caught doing 被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒 catch one’s word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上 carry Carry out 贯彻，落实（计划，命令……）Carry off夺走 =carry away Carry on 继续，坚持下去 Carry through 完成，渡过难关 come come about 产生，发生 come across “偶遇” come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次
初中英语必背动词搭配集锦，高频考点，都背过拿高分！ 2020-05-21 11:55 初中英语必背动词搭配 文/安颖/北京西城中学英语教师
初中英语必背动词搭配集锦，高频考点，都背过拿高分！ 1. up lift up 举起 climb up 爬上 come up 上升 get up 起床 stand up 站起来 pick up 检起 grow up 长大 put up 举起；张贴 rise up 升起 look up 抬起头 take up 拿起 build up 树立 set up 建立 eat up 吃光 burn up 烧光 use up 用光 fill up 装满 end up 结束 break up 结束，分解 cut up 切碎 tear up 撕碎 give up 放弃 speed up 加速 show up 显现 cheer up 振作起来 bring up 抚育 make up 化装, 弥补 shut up 关闭 block up 堵塞 keep up 坚持 2. down cut down 砍倒 get down 下来 knock down 撞倒 lay down 放下 let down 使失望 pull down 拆 kneel down 跪下 break down 坏了 settle down 平静下来 cool down 冷静下来 turn down 拒绝 put down 镇压 slow down 慢下来 write down 写下
初中英语必背动词搭配集锦，高频考点，都背过拿高分！ 3. on come on 跟随 count on 依赖 fit on 固定 turn on 打开 switch on 打开 put on 穿上 try on 试穿 rely on 依靠 depend on 依靠 work on 从事 call on 拜访 carry on 继续开展 hold on 继续 insist on 坚持 add on 加上 4. off blow off 吹掉 drive off 赶走；击退 get off 下车， see off 送行 start off 动身 take off 起飞 cut off 切断 rub off 擦掉 shave off 剃去 turn off 关掉 switch off 关掉 break off 中断
初中英语动词短语归纳 TYYGROUP system office room 【TYYUA16H-TYY-TYYYUA8Q8-
初中英语动词短语整理 1. break break down破坏，出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 break in破门而入，打断 break into破门而入，突然…起来 break out爆发 break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯 break through 出现，突破 break up打碎，拆散，分裂、分 解 2. call call at a place (车船等)停靠;到某地拜访。 call away 叫走，叫开…;转移(注意力等)。 call back唤回; 回电话; call for需要，要求 call for sth (sb) 喊着叫某人来，喊着叫人取来某物 call in 叫进，请进; 找来，请来;来访；收回 call off取消; 叫走，转移开 call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人 call sb sth 为某人叫某物 call (up)on sb to do sth 叫(请)某人做某事 call up给…打电话; 想起，回忆起; 召集，应召入伍 call out大喊，高叫;叫出去 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on来临/ 快点 come along一道来，赶快 come over走过来 come up发芽，走近 come back回来 come from来自，源自 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减 cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷， 情感原因） die from死于（外界原因） die out绝种 6. fall fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall out与。。。争吵 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go against违反 go away离开 go by时间过去 go down降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出，熄灭 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with进展，相处 get up起床 get into (trouble) 陷入困境中 get back取回，收回 get out 出去 get to 到达。。。 9. give give away赠送，泄露，出卖 give out发出，疲劳，分发， give in (to sb.) 屈服 give up放弃，让（座位） 10. hand hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 hold on to…继续，坚持 hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持 12. keep keep up with跟上 keep out 不使。。。进入 keep from克制，阻止 keep away from避开，不接近， keep on继续，坚持下来 keep down 使。。。处于低水平 knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上
初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析) 一.同一动词＋不同介词／副词 break 短语 break in 打断；闯入 break into 破门而入 break out 爆发 break up 打碎；结束；解散 break down 发生故障；抛锚，分解 break away 脱离，放弃 come短语 come up 升起；发生 come up with 想出（主意） come across (偶然)遇见(或发现) come along 进展；一起去 come down 下降；下落 come in 进来 come from 来自 come back 回来 come on 赶快；加油 come out 出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽 come over 过来；顺便来访
come true (希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实cut 短语 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到，消减 cut off 切断，切除 cut out 删除；删去；剪下 cut in 插嘴 fall短语 fall into 落入；陷入 fall behind 落后 fall down 摔倒，倒塌 fall off (从……上)掉下 fall asleep 入睡 fall over 绊倒；跌倒 get短语 get away 逃离 get back 返回 get down 下降 get on 上车 get off 下车 get over 克服
get up 起床；起来 get along/on with sb. 与某人相处 go短语 go away 走开;离开 go back 回去 go up 上升；增长 go out 出去；熄灭 go off（闹钟）发出响声 go over 仔细检查；复习 go through 通过 give短语 give away 赠送；分发 give back 还给；归还；恢复(健康等) give in 投降，屈服 give out 发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发give up 放弃 jump短语 jump into 跳入 jump over 跳过 jump off 跳离 leave短语
一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 担负得起做某事 agree to do sth. 赞同做某事 arrange to do sth.布置做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 恳求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决议做某事 decide to do sth. 决议做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决计做某事 expect to do sth. 等待做某事 fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事 help to do sth. 协助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 方案做某事 prepare to do sth. 预备做某事 pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 容许做某事
refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习气上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 计划做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 盼望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹疑做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 招致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事
常用动词习惯用法 1.allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式） 2.askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事（叫某人不做某事） beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 3.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事 4.beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事 5.beafaidofsth害怕某物 6.beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶 7.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事（常考） 8.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来） 9.beexcitedtodosth对做??感到兴奋 10.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事 11.beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事 12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 13.be/getreadyfor/todosth 14.besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉 15.besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇 besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇 16.beworthdoingsth值得做某事（worth后接动词-ing形式，常考） 17.begintodosth开始做某事 begin/starttodo/doingsth 18.can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买（供）?? 19.can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosth 20.can’twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事 21.decidetodosth决定去做某事 makeupone’smindtodosth下决心去做某事（常考） makeadecisiontodosth对做某事作出决定 22.deservetodosth值得/应该做?? 23.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人去做某事 24.enjoydoingsth乐意去做某事 25.expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事 26.failtodosth做某事失败 succeeddoingsth成功做了某事 27.finishdoingsth做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考） 28.followsbtodosth跟随某人去做某事 29.getsbtodosth makesbdosth letsbdosth
人教版初中英语常见的接d o i n g和t o d o 的动词
常见的动词 + to do sth. 结构汇总 1、 hope to do sth. 2、 agree to do sth. 3、 decide to do sth. 4、 refuse to do sth. 5、 remember to do sth. 6、 forget to do sth. 7、 try to do sth.8、 want to do sth. 9、 plan to do sth. 10、seem to do sth.希望做某事； 同意做某事； 决定做某事； 拒绝做某事； 记得做某事； 忘记做某事； 尽力做某事； 想要做某事； 计划做某事； 似乎好像做； 常见的动词 + doing 结构汇总 1、 finish doing sth. 2、 practice doing sth. 3、 look forward to doing sth. 4、 be busy doing sth. 5、 consider doing sth. 6、 suggest/advise doing sth.
7、can’t help doing sth. 8、 feel like doing sth. 9、 miss doing sth 10、be used to doing sth 11、give up doing sth 12、keep (on) doing sth. 13、enjoy doing sth. 14、mind doing sth 完成做某事； 练习做某事； 盼望做某事； 忙于做某事； 考虑做某事； 建议做某事； 禁不住做某事；情不自禁做某事；错过做某事； 习惯做某事； 放弃做某事； 继续做某事； 喜欢做某事； 放弃做某事； 【巧记】 完成/练习/盼望/忙，finish, practice, look forward to, be busy 考虑/建议/不禁/想，c onsider, suggest, can’t help, feel like 错过/习惯/要/放弃，miss, be used to, give up 继续/喜欢/别/介意。keep on, enjoy, mind 【例题】
中考英语常用动词用法搭配归纳 A ask sb about doing sth ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 agree to do sth 同意做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 (sb.)be allowed to do sth (某人)被允许做某事 B be interested in doing sth 乐忠于做某事 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth by doing sth 通过做某事的方法/依据此事做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 C consider doing sth 考虑做某事 can't stand doing sth 不能忍受做某事. D do one's best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做某事drop doing sth do well in doing sth 在某方面做的好 decide to do sth 决定做某事 E end up doing sth enjoy doing sth 对某事感到兴趣 F forget to do sth忘记去做某事 forget doing sth忘记已做过的事 find sb doing sth发现某人在做某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 G get to do sth give up doing sth 放弃做某事 go on doing sth继续做同一件事 go on to do sth.继续做不同的事 H have trouble doing sth 焦虑于做某事 how to do sth 怎么去做某事 had better do sth 最好做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事 hear sb to do sth 听到某人去做某事 help sb to do sth.=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 I it is time to do sth 是该时间做某事 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事 love to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事同like用法love doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事同like用法invite sb to do sth K keep sb./ sth. out (of sth.) 不让……入内 keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing 不让某人做某事 L let sb do sth like to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事同love用法like doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事同love用法listen to sth lend sb to do sth 送某人去做什么 M mind one's doing sth make sb. do sth 使某人做某事 mind doing sth N (sb.)need to do sth (某人)需要去做某事 P practice doing sth 练习做某事 prefer to do sth rather do sth. prefer doing(A) to doing(B) 比起B更喜欢A plan to do sth 计划做某事 R remember (not)to do sth (不)记得去做…… remember doing sth 记得已做过…… S stop to do sth 停止原先做的事再去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事 succeed in doing sth 在某事上获取了成功 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事同watch 用法(sb．)spend some time doing sth. (某人)花时间做某事start to do sth/doing sth. =begin to do sth./doing sth.开始做某事 T try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事 tell sb (not)to do sth thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事 too...to do sth 太...而不能做某事 the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式 takes sb．some time to do sth. 花时间做某事 U used to do sth 过去经常做什么 used for doing sth 用于做什么 used of 利用 W watch sb do sth 表示看见某人做某事的全过程同see等用法 watch sb doing sth 表示看见某人正在做某事同see等用法 would like to do sth 想要去做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want to do sth. 想要去做某事 What about doing sth 做某事怎么样? 通常用于提建议. watch / see/ hear sb do / doing sth Why not do sth 为什么不做某事呢? 通常用于提建议wait for sb to do sth 等待某人为自己做某事 Y you'd better (not)do sth 你最好(不)要做某事
初中英语常考动词短语梳理 动词短语通常有4种构成：动词+介词、动词+副词、动词+名词、Be动词结构。其考查会在各种题型中出现，我们将常考的动词短语按首字母顺序整理如下。Be 动词结构be able to do 能够做……be afraid to do(内心)害怕\不敢做某事be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果be angry with 对……生气be at home = stay at home 待在家里be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出be bad for 对……有害be busy doing/with sth忙于做……(忙 于……) be careful of 当心，注意，仔细be covered with 被……覆盖be different from与……不同be famous/known as 作为……出名be famous/known for 以……而著名be free 空闲的，有空be friendly/kind to对……友好be from = come from 来自…，什么地方人be full of/filled with装满……be good at= do well in 擅长于…be good for对……有好处be (ill) in bed 卧病在床be interested in 对……感兴趣be in trouble 处于困境中be late for 迟到be mad at 对……生气be made from/of 由……制成be made in 在……地方制造be made up of由……构成be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着be pleased with 对…感到高兴be polite/impolite to对某人有礼貌/不礼貌be popular with 受……欢迎；be proud of对……感到自豪be ready for 为……作好准备be satisfied with对……感到满意（高兴）be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶be strict in sth.对某事严格be strict with sb.对某人严格be supposed to do sth.应该做某事be used for doing被用来做某事be used to do被用来做某事be used to doing 习惯于be worried about =be anxious about 担忧 A--C aim at 针对…agree with sb. 同意某人的意见或建议ask for请求、索要ask for a day off请一天假add…to…把…和…加起来achieve a victory 取得胜利arrive in到达﹙大地方﹚arrive at到达﹙小地方﹚argue with 与…争吵apologize to 向…道歉break up with sb.与某人断绝关系break out 爆发break down 出毛病，拆开break off解散，解雇break the rule违规break into破门而入believe in信任begin/start with以…开始belong to属于… built…into…把…建成…base on以…为基础borrow… from…向…