句子成分及名词性从句
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从句成分及功能解析从句是句子中的一个独立成分,它可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、定语、状语等不同的语法功能。
本文将从句子成分及其功能两个方面进行解析。
一、从句的成分从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、定语和状语等不同的成分。
1. 从句作主语从句可以作为主语出现在句子中,引导从句的连接词常常是that、whether、if 等。
例如:- That he passed the exam is a great relief.(他通过了考试是一件大解脱。
)- Whether she will come or not is still uncertain.(她是否会来还不确定。
)- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。
)2. 从句作宾语从句可以作为宾语出现在句子中,常见的连接词有that、whether、if等。
例如:- She doesn't know that he is leaving.(她不知道他要离开。
)- I wonder whether he will come to the party.(我想知道他是否会来参加聚会。
)- Can you tell me if there is a bus to the airport?(你能告诉我是否有去机场的公交车吗?)3. 从句作定语从句可以作为定语出现在句子中,修饰名词或代词。
例如:- The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。
)- I met a girl who can play the piano very well.(我遇到了一个弹得很好钢琴的女孩。
)- Do you have any idea where my keys are?(你知道我的钥匙在哪里吗?)4. 从句作状语从句可以作为状语出现在句子中,表示时间、原因、条件、目的、方式等。
名词性从句的种类及用法名词性从句是指在一个句子中,作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,它们在句子中扮演不同的角色,起着连接不同句子成分的作用。
本文将介绍名词性从句的种类及其用法,帮助读者理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常常由连接词that引导,也可以由特定的连接词如whether, if, what, whatever等引导。
示例句子如下:1. That he is a talented musician is known to all.所有人都知道他是一个有才华的音乐家。
2. Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.他是否会来参加派对还不确定。
主语从句常常出现在it is/was +从句结构中,以强调句子的主语。
例如:1. It is important to keep calm in an emergency.紧急情况下保持冷静是很重要的。
2. It was unexpected that she failed the exam.她考试不及格出乎意料。
二、宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,通常由连接词that, if, whether, what, who, whom, whose, which等引导。
示例句子如下:1. She asked me where I had been.她问我去哪儿了。
2. They don't know whether he will attend the meeting.他们不知道他是否会出席会议。
有些动词或表达方式常常用宾语从句作为宾语,例如:believe, think, hope, expect, know, understand, suggest等。
例如:1. I believe that honesty is the best policy.我相信诚实是上策。
名词性从句专题讲解一、复习句子成分二、句子种类简单句、并列句、复合句(三大从句)一、名词性从句:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。
1)名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语。
2)因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句What he wants to tell us is not clear.宾语从句He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.名词性从句表语从句The fact is that we have lost the game.同位语从句I have no idea when he will come back home.1. 这里重点强调一下同位语从句,顾名思义,所谓同位语从句就是一个句子与主句中某一个名词互为同位语!那么什么是同位语呢,很简单就是相同地位,相同成分,平起平坐,A(名词)=B(从句), B(从句)=A(名词), 去掉任何一部分(A/B)对整个句子都不影响。
2. 而且与从句互为同位语的名词一般为抽象名词,例如:advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。
二、引导名词性从句的连接词1.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:1.连词:that(无任何词意)whether, if(均表示“是否”)as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)以上在从句中均不充当任何成分2. 连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, whichever, whomever3. 连接副词:when, where, how, why, how many, how much, how often2. 连接词的判定:根据连接词在从句中所做的不同的成分,我们可以归纳如下:人物主语:who what宾语:whom what名词性从句表语:whom what定语:which what whose状语:when where why how (how many, how much, how often)不做成份:that if/whether as if /as though互动精讲【知识梳理1】宾语从句(一)宾语从句简介用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
名词性从句的种类与作用名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的句子成分,它能够承担名词所具有的各种功能,如主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
名词性从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富,表达更加准确。
本文将介绍名词性从句的种类及其作用。
一、主语从句主语从句是名词性从句的一种常见形式,它在句子中充当主语的角色,起到句子的主题和核心的作用。
主语从句通常以“that”或“whether”引导。
例如:1. That he is a talented musician is well known to everyone.2. Whether she will come to the party is still uncertain.主语从句常常用于强调句和形式主语的表达中,使句子更加生动有力。
二、宾语从句宾语从句作为动词的宾语出现,可以回答“what”、“where”、“which”、“who”等疑问词引导的问题。
它常见于及物动词后,也可用于介词后。
例如:1. She asked me what I wanted for dinner.2. He told me where he had been yesterday.宾语从句的作用是充当动词的宾语,使句子更加完整,表达更加准确。
三、表语从句表语从句用来修饰名词或代词,充当表语的角色,常以“that”或“whether”引导。
表语从句通常出现在“be”动词后或感官动词后。
例如:1. The question is whether we should go or stay.2. His wish is that he could travel around the world.表语从句可以在句中起到进一步解释、说明或补充的作用,使句子更加丰富多样。
四、同位语从句同位语从句指的是对名词或代词进行解释、说明或补充的句子,常见于名词后面,起到进一步解释名词的作用。
同位语从句通常以“that”引导。
句子的基本成分和结构(Cherry)英语十大词类顺口溜:名代动形副,介连冠感数1 名词单复数,可数不可数。
2 代词主宾格,反身无主格。
3 动词情系助,及物不及物。
4 含有形容词,关键比较级。
5 副词时地频,有些有比较。
6 介词短语多,时间地点等。
7 连词分两类,并列和从属。
8 冠词有两种,定冠不定冠。
9 感叹词表感情,喜怒和哀乐。
10 数词记两种,基数和序数句子种类:按句子的用途1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old. She didn’t hear of you before.2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like skating? How old is he?Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?3)祈使句(肯定;否定): (Please) Be careful, boys. Don’t/Never talk in class!4)感叹句: How clever the boy is! What a clever boy he is!按句子的结构1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列语).He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
3)复合句:由when, where, why, how, because等从属连词连接主从句并且从句在主句中充当一个成分的句子称为主从复合句。
句⼦成分定语从句名词性从句状语从句详解句⼦成分⼀.动词基本分类:1.实义动词包括及物(vt)和不及物(vi)vt 直接带宾语He likes English. V i 不需带宾语Did he come yesterday? 若要带宾语中间需加介词He arrived at the airport .2. 连系动词如:be/ look/sound/keep/taste/smell/taste/seem/become/turn/remain (依然)…3. 助动词:本⾝⽆意义,要与实义动词组成谓语。
如:do/does/will/would/have/hasHe has gone to Beijing. He will leave for Beijing.4情态动词:can/could/ may/might…⼆.副词⼀般修饰动词/形容词/副词基本分类:1 时间副词now/ago/once/already…2 地点副词here/downstairs/back /outside/ off…3 ⽅式副词carefully/fast/suddenly…4 程度副词almost/very/so/much/deeply…5 频度副词always/ usually/sometimes…三.句⼦成分:构成句⼦的各个部分。
A.主语- 可由以下表⽰:1.名词:American music has become more and more popular.2.代词:Who is the man standing over there?3.数词:One-third of the students are girls.4.不定式:To swim in the river is a great pleasure.= It is a great pleasure to swim in the river (It 是形式主语) 5.动名词:Smoking does harm to the health.6.从句:When we are going to have the test is clear.B. 谓语在句中⼀般由动词充当1.He practices running every morning.2.He has caught a cold.3.We may keep the book for two weeks.C. 表语⼀般位于系动词之后可由以下表⽰:1.代词:Is it yours/ It is mine.2.形容词:The weather has turned cold.3.分词:The teacher is pleased with my work.4.不定式:His job is to teach English.5.动名词:His hobby is playing football.D. 宾语⼀般位于Vt 或介词之后可由以下表⽰:1.名词:He is going to buy a dictionary.2.代词:We should learn from him.3.不定式:He decided not to see me.4.动名词:He practices running every morning.分类:分为直接宾语(动作的承受者,通常指物)和间接宾语(动作所向的⼈或物,通常指⼈)He sent me a present.=He sent a present to me. (me 间宾/ a present 直宾)He bought her a map= He bought a map for her.有些Vt 如:make/have/get/let/find/call/see/notice/hear/watch除了跟有⼀个宾语外,还要有⼀个宾语补⾜语来说明宾语的状态才能使句⼦完整。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习句子从结构上分:1.简单句2.并列句〔并列复合句〕3.复合句〔主从复合句〕1〕名词性从句:〔1〕主从(2)宾从 (3)表从 (4)同从2〕形容词性从句定从〔限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句〕副词性从句〔状从〕简单句的五种根本句型五种句子的根本结构,主谓主谓宾主系表主谓双宾语〔间宾直宾〕主谓复合宾语〔宾+宾补〕主语〔subject〕:是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
Thesunrisesintheeast. 〔名词〕Helikesdancing. 〔代词〕Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving. 〔动名词〕Toseeistobelieve. 〔不定式〕Whatheneedsisabook.〔主语从句〕Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.〔It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语〕谓语〔predicate〕:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
WestudyEnglish. Helikesplayingthegames.表语〔predicative〕:系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
Heisate acher.〔名词〕Fiveandfiveisten.〔数词〕Heisasl eep.〔形容词〕Hisfath erisin.〔副词〕Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.〔形容词化的分词〕Towearafloweristos ay “I’mpoor,Ican〔不’定式tbuy〕aring.Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome .〔表语从句〕〔常见的系动词feel(摸起来,sound〔听起有:be来〕,look〔看起来〕,taste〔尝、吃起来〕,smell 〔闻起来〕keep,stay,remain〔保持,仍是〕get,become,turnfeel〔感觉〕...Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundsswee t.Tomlooksth in.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen .NowIfeeltired.第1页共14页宾语:1〕动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina. 〔名词〕Hehatesyou.〔代词〕Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.〔数词〕Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou. 〔动名词〕Ihopetoseeyouagain.〔不定式〕Didyouwritedownwhathesaid? 〔宾语从句〕2〕介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake? Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3〕双宾语-----间宾〔指人〕和直宾〔指物〕Hegavemeabookyesterday. Givethepoormansomemoney.宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。