虚拟语气用法详解
一、条件句中的虚拟语气
1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式
从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的
(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题
(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was 代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构与if I were you, as it were 中，只能用were。如：
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。
(2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如：
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。
(3)当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。如：
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。
(4)有时，句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件，而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断。如：
I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本该来看你了，然而我太忙了。
But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
(5)有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。
二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气
1.目的状语从句中的虚拟语气
(1)在for fear that, in case, lest 引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should + 动词原形。并且should 不能省略
She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。
(2)在so that, in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。如：
He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚。
He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。
2.让步状语从句中的虚拟语气
(1)在even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if 所引导的条件从句结构相同。如：
Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。
Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使华佗在世也救不了他。
例如：
They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。
He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。
4. 原因状语从句中的虚拟语气
amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset 等后面的状语从句中常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：
① should + 原形动词(指现在或将来)。如：
He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生气，你竟然对他直呼其名。
I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question. 我很惊讶他竟答不出如此简单的问题。
② should + 完成式, 指过去。如：
I’m very sorry that you should have failed the e xam. 我很遗憾，你这次考试竟然失败了。
I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃惊，父亲竟知道我昨天所做的事情。
三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1．英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚决要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 原形动词。如：
例如：
I wish she were not married. 我真希望她没结婚。
I wish the bus went to the university. 我希望公共汽车能通到大学。
I wish I hadn’t wasted so muc h money. 但愿我没浪费这么多钱。
注意，从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关，而与wish 的时态无关。比较：
I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了。
I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了。
I wished I were rich. 当时我后悔自己没有钱。
I wished I had been rich. 当时我后悔自己曾经没有钱。
4.英语中，would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚
例如：
I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。
I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。
We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那儿。
四、主语从句中的虚拟语气
在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语其的结构为： should + 动词原形，主句中的谓语动词形式不限。
句型：
(1) It is admirable / dreadful / extraordinary / odd / remarkable / sad / advisable / annoying / disappointing / surprising / upsetting / frightening / better / best / curious / desirable / important / strange / peculiar / proper / necessary / natural...that...
(2) It is a pity / a shame / no wonder...that...
(3) It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /... that...
(4) It worries me that...
如：
It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我们先把功课学好很重要。
It is strange that he should not come. 很奇怪，他竟没有来。
It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。
It worries me that we should be blamed for that. 我们竟要受责备真让人烦恼。
五、表语从句与同位语从句中虚拟语气
英语中，表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时，表语从表面上看几屗与同位语从句都须用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 动词原形。如：We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help. 我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助。
He told us his idea that he should go to university. 他告诉了我们他的想法：他想上大学。
His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully. 他的建议就是我们的工作要更细心些。
Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他们的计划就是在家乡建一座新工厂。
六、定语从句中的虚拟语气
英语中，表示：“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + 动词原形。如：
It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我该去学校接我的女儿了。
It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了。
七、简单句中的虚拟语气
1. 说话时，为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌，言语常使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构形式常为：would / could / might / should + 原形动词。如：
Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把门关起来你介意吗？
You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把这个教训牢记于心。
I should agree with you. 我应该同意你的观点。
2.表示“祝愿”时，常用“may + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他”。如：
May you have a good journey! 祝你一路顺风。
May your youth last for ever! 祝你青春永驻。
3.表示强烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”时，常用动词原形。如：
Long live the Communist Party of China. 中|国|共|产|党|万|岁。
God bless us. 上帝保佑。
4.习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。
(1)提出请求或邀请。如：
Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上来跟我们聊天好吗？
Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的单车吗？
(2)陈述自己的观点或看法。如：
I should glad to meet you. 见到你我会很高兴。
I would try my best to help you. 我会尽力帮助你。
(3)提出劝告或建议。如：
You’d better ask your father first. 你最好先问一问你的父亲。
You should make a full investigation of it first. 你应该先全面调查一番。
(4)提出问题。如：
Do you think he could get here on time? 你认为他能按时来吗？
Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他会告诉我们真相吗？
(5)表示对过去情况的责备时，常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：“情态动词+ have + 过去分词”。如：You should have got here earlier. 你应该早就到这里了。
You should have returned it to him. 你应该把它还给他了。
虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)
虚拟语气（the subjunctive mood）用法归纳 第一部分：语气的定义和种类 1、语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类 ⑴陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和 某些感叹句。如： ①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 ②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ ③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！ ⑵祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： ①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。 ⑶虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推 测等。如： ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 ②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。 ③May you succeed! 祝您成功！ 第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气， 常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ ⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如： ⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！ ⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐！ ⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就！ ⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 【注意】本句型属于部分倒装句型，主语后用动词原形。 2、用动词原形。如： ⑴Long live the people! 人民万岁！ ⑵“God bless you,” said the priest. 牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” ⑶Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） ⑴God save me. ⑵Heaven help us. 四、表命令。 1. 命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
虚拟语气的用法小结 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语的特殊形式来表示，下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 一）、表示与现在、过去和将来的事实相反，主句和从句的动词变化规则见下表： 例如： If I were you, I would go at once. ( 与现在事实相反) If it should rain\were to rain\rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. ( 与将来事实相反) If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam. ( 与过去事实相反) If it were not for the rain, the crops would\should die. (与现在事实相反) 注意：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。如：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. 二）、有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现If引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来替代条件句，称为“含蓄条件句”。 1、用介词短语代替条件句。常用介词有with, without, but for等。如： We couldn’t have succeeded without your help (= If we hadn’t got your help). But for the rain (= If it hadn’t been for the rain), we would have finished
虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1.条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 2. 中的虚拟语气的举例 (1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。 If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。 (2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。 (3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。 3.运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题 (1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were。如：
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him. ②将条件隐含在不定式短语中 I should be happy to go with you. 如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。(=I should be happy if I could go with you.) To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。 (=If you have studied harder, you…)
虚拟语气用法 英语中的 语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示 动作 或状态 是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于 陈述句 、疑问句 和某些 感叹句 中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句 ) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句 ) 2、祈使句 表示说话人对对方的 请求 、警告，建议 或命令 。 如 : Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心 !(走路 ) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表 达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句 中的 谓语动词 的特殊形式表示出来的。如 : If I were a bird ，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空 中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考 试。 一、状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟类型 条件从 句 主句 (1) 与现在事实相 反 V-ed 过去式（ be 动词用 were ） should/could/would/might + V. 原形 (2) 与过去事实相反 had done 过去完成时 should/could/would/might + have done ① Should + V. 原形 should/could/would/might + V. (3) 与将来事实相反 ② were to +V. 原形 原形 ③ V-ed 过去式 (4) If 省略条件句 虚拟条件句的谓语动词含 有 were, should, had 时，if 可以省略， 这时条件从句要用倒 装语序，即把 were, should, had 等词置于句首。 (5) 错综条件句 主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 (6) 含蓄条件句 条件会暗含在短语中，如 without, but for ， otherwise 等。 (7) for fear that ， in case ， lest 引导的从句中，用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为 : (should) + do 目的状语从句 so that ， in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中 从句谓语为 : can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ① 现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用 + V-ed 或过去进行时 （ 1 ）wish/wished ② 与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语 + had done + could/would have done ③ 与将来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语 could/would + V. 原形 i f only 引导的感叹句和 as if/as though 引导的状语从句也有与 wish 相同用法还有一些表愿望的短语： would just as soon 倒宁愿 /prefer 宁愿 / (2) would rather ， had rather ， would sooner 等表示与客观事实不相符 的一种愿望表示 现在 或将来 的愿望，用 V-ed (be 用 were )
虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态：现在时，过去时，将来时。 在中的应用：条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气 在什么情况下用虚拟语气 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时，用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。 [] 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气） If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气） If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。（非真实条件状语从句） If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（非真实条件状语从句） 2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例： 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱） 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：学习不用功） 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
虚拟语气的用法归纳 虚拟语气表示说话者所说的话并非事实，或难以实现的，甚至表达相反的概念。英语语法中应该如何正确使用虚拟语气呢?下面就让店铺来给你科普一下虚拟语气的用法。 虚拟语气的用法归纳 1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种： (1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如： If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨，我们就能玩网球了。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如： If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你，我就娶她为妻。 (3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如： If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会，你会难过的。 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 (1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断。 A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如： I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。 B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。
虚拟语气全部用法总结 虚拟语气是英语中的一种语气，用于表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等语境。在英语中，虚拟语气的用法非常广泛，下面我们来总结一下虚拟语气的全部用法。 1. 表达假设 虚拟语气可以用来表达假设，即表示某种情况或事件是假设的、不确定的或未实现的。例如： - If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。） - If I had more money, I would travel around the world.（如果我有更多的钱，我会环游世界。） 2. 表达愿望 虚拟语气还可以用来表达愿望，即表示某种情况或事件是希望实现的，但实际上并没有实现。例如： - I wish I could speak fluent English.（我希望我能说一口流利的英语。） - If only I had more time, I could finish this project.（要是我有更多的时间，我就能完成这个项目了。） 3. 表达建议
虚拟语气还可以用来表达建议，即表示某种情况或事件是建议的，但并不一定会实现。例如： - I suggest that you take a break and relax.（我建议你休息一下，放松一下。） - If I were you, I would go to the doctor and get a check-up.（如果我是你，我会去看医生做个检查。） 4. 表达命令 虚拟语气还可以用来表达命令，即表示某种情况或事件是命令的，但并不一定会被执行。例如： - I demand that you apologize to me right now.（我要求你立刻向我道歉。） - If I were your boss, I would fire you for being late.（如果我是你的老板，我会因为你迟到而解雇你。） 5. 表达虚拟条件 虚拟语气还可以用来表达虚拟条件，即表示某种情况或事件是虚构的、不存在的或不可能实现的。例如： - If I had wings, I could fly.（如果我有翅膀，我就能飞了。） - If I were a millionaire, I would buy a yacht.（如果我是百万富翁，
虚拟语气用法归纳 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 一、虚拟条件句 条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语气。 If you don 'work hard, you will fail. If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在，则为虚拟语气 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表： 1•与现在事实相反的虚拟 What would you do if you won the lottery? If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad. If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world. 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟 If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟 If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off. If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help. 二、错综、混合虚拟语气 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 1. If I had see n you, I would not be so worried now.（从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的 假设） 2. If you had not watched televisi on so late last ni ght, you would not be so sleepy no w.（从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设） 3. Had you followed the doctor ' suggesti on, you would be fine no w.（从句是对过去的假设， 主句是对现在的假设） 4. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next mon th.（从句是对过
虚拟语气的用法荟萃 一：概念：虚拟语气是指和现实情况相反的假设，是对真实情况的主观臆想或是一种主观愿望。 二：虚拟语气涉及的情况： 1)用在由if引导的非真实条件句中。条件句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句。 A)真实条件句：即条件是可实现的客观事实或者真实情况。 如：If you heat ice, it melts.(融化) If I make a promise, I keep it. If we catch the early bus, we will(shall,can, may,)get there by lunch time. If it is fine tomorrow, we can play basketball.(客观事实) If it rains, I go to school on foot. ☆B)If 引导的非真实条件句中，即虚拟条件句中。主要涉及到对三种情况的虚拟：对过去的虚拟；对现在的虚拟；对将来的虚拟。谓语动词的时态变化符合“倒退一步法”。 ①对过去真实情况的虚拟，或者对过去事实完全相反的假设： 公式： if…had + V-ed分词（从句）, …Would（could,might,should）+ have+ V-ed分词…（主句）如：If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train. If she hadn’t been ill, she might have come. If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮) If I had made good prepatation, I wouldn't have lost the job. ②对现在真实情况的虚拟，或者对现在真实情况相反的假设： 公式： If ...+V-过去式(be多用were),...+would/should/could/might + 动词原形 If I were a bird, I would fly to the top of Mount Hua. If I had time, I would go to the movies with you. (实际上没时间) If I had enough money, I would buy that new toy for you. ③对将来情况相反的假设： 公式： If 。。。+动词过去式/should +动词原形/were to +动词原形,。。。+would/should/could/might +动词原形 If it should/were to/ rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.(下雨的可能性很小) If Kobe should come to our village, I would take photos with him. ※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：上述(1),(2),(3)三种时态的虚拟句中,如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装. If I had time, I would have done that yesterday. ==Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday. If I were you, I would go to the party. ==Were I you, I would go to the party. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home
完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。语气的种类包括陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 陈述语气用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句，表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的。例如：“XXX.”，“XXX?”和“How good a teacher she is!” 祈使语气表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。例如：“Never be XXX!”和“Don’t et to turn off the light.” 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。例如：“If I were a bird。I could fly in the air.”，“I wish I could pass the XXX.”和“May you succeed!” 在简单句中，虚拟语气常用于情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，
常用于日常会话中。例如：“XXX to show me the way to the post office?”和“It would be better for you not to stay up too late.” 虚拟语气还可以用于表达祝愿，常用“may+动词原形”表示。例如：“May good luck be yours!”，“May you be happy!”和“May you do even better!”。还可以用于表达愿望和建议。例如：“If only XXX.”和“XXX.” 如果我现在有时间，我会和他们一起去。(陈述语气) 如果我现在是你，我就会和他们一起去。(虚拟语气) 与过去事实相反：若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(be动词用had been)，主句谓语用“should (would。could。might)+have+过去分词”。如： 如果我昨天有时间，我就和他们一起去了。(陈述语气) 如果我昨天是你，我就和他们一起去了。(虚拟语气) 与将来事实相反：若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用“were to+动词原形”，主句谓语用“should (would。could。might)+动词原形”。如： 如果明天下雨，我们就不去了。(陈述语气) 如果明天下雨，我们就不去了。(虚拟语气) 二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用
虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块,第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求"各自为政",即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何"各自为政"呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是"各自为政"。例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用
would/could do的形式。当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。一般而言,主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now.<从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.< 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. <从句和主句都是现在的假设> 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.< 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.< 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设> 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. <从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. <从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. <从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设> 9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. <从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设> 10.If I were your mother, I would let you go out this weekend. <从句是对现在的假设,
虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，疑心，猜想，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。 If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉他了。 If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。 He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。 He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。 虚拟(条件)语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面四类 虚拟语气的用法 1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。 May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ You go out！你出去！ 2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。 动词wish, suggest, order, insist, propose, advice, maintain, suggest (建议), recommend (推荐), advise (劝告), propose (建议)insist (坚持), consent (允诺)
[虚拟语气] 虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。 1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could,might等代替should,would。 1)表示与现在事实相反: If 主语+过去时,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形, If I were you,I should stay at home. If the peasants could farm the land themselves,food production would be much higher. If fewer cash crops were grown,more food could be produced and there would be less or no starvation. 2)表示与过去事实相反: If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词,如: If you had come yesterday,you would have met him. If the hurricane had happened during the daytime,there would have been many deaths. 3)表示与将来事实相反:主语+should(could…)+ 原形 do If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting. If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. If it should rain,the crops would be saved. 4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) 5)以上句型可以转换成下列形式:①从句省略if,用倒装句"were,had,should+主语"。例如: Were I in school again,I would work harder. Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him.