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虚拟语气的用法小结

虚拟语气的用法小结

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语的特殊形式来表示,下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。

一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法

一)、表示与现在、过去和将来的事实相反,主句和从句的动词变化规则见下表:

例如:

If I were you, I would go at once. ( 与现在事实相反)

If it should rain\were to rain\rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. ( 与将来事实相反)

If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam. ( 与过去事实相反) If it were not for the rain, the crops would\should die. (与现在事实相反) 注意:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。如:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.

二)、有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现If引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来替代条件句,称为“含蓄条件句”。

1、用介词短语代替条件句。常用介词有with, without, but for等。如:

We couldn’t have succeeded without your help (= If we hadn’t got your help).

But for the rain (= If it hadn’t been for the rain), we would have finished

the work..

2、用不定式短语来代替条件句。如:

It would be only partly right to do it in this way (= If we did it in this way.)

3、用定语从句代替条件句。如:

A nation which stopped working would be dead in a fortnight (= If a nation

stopped working, it would be dead in a fortnight).

4、用分词短语或独立主格结构来代替条件句。如:

Having known in time (= If we had known in time), we could have stopped it.

Everything taken into consideration (= If everything had been taken into consideration), they would have raised their output quickly.

5、用一个副词或连词表示虚拟条件句。如:

He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or (= If he hadn’t telephoned to inform me of your birthday) I would have known nothing about it.

6、用相当与If的其他连词表示虚拟语气,在条件句中除了最常见的If连词外,尚有下列连词:otherwise否则,不然, in case假如, but that要不是, on condition (that)条件是, unless除非, supposing that假如, provided that如果……

I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.

7、通过上下文来表示虚拟语气,这种情况要具体分析

I would have given more money, but I was poor then. (前句虚拟语气,后句陈述语气)

I would have called you, but I forgot your telephone number (= if I had known

your telephone number. But I forgot it).

三)、如果虚拟条件句中含有were, should或had,则可以把were, should或had提至句首,构成倒装句。如:

Were I you, I would go at once.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.

Had you worked hard, you would have passed the exam.

二、用“should + 动词原形”构成的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。

一)、suggest, advise, demand, require, request, desire, order, command, insist 等动词之后的宾语从句中。

The teacher suggested that we (should) not lose heart.

The general ordered that the work (should) be finished at once.

注意:当suggest作“暗示,表明”讲,insist作“坚持”说,即坚持事实是怎样时,后边that从句不用虚拟语气。如:

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.

The look on his face suggested that he was angry.

二)、advice, suggestion, demand, requirement, requirement, request, desire, order, insistence等相关的表语从句、同位语从句中。如:

My suggestion is that you (should) try another means. (表语从句)

Order came that the army (should) reach next town before dark. (同位语从句) 三)、在It is required\suggested\insisted\ordered + that引导的主语从句中。如:It is required that all the students (should) go to school on foot. (主语从句)

四)、在It is 形容词(necessary, natural, strange, ect.) + that引导的主语从句中。如:

It’s necessary\important\natural that we (should) clean the room every day.

It was essential that the application forms (should) be sent back before the deadline.

五)、在It is\was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) + that引导的主语从句中。如:It was a pity \ a shame \ no wonder that our team should lose the game.

当然在四)、五)两类的that从句中也可以不用虚拟语气,而用陈述语气。如:

It is strange that he did not come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can’t dance.

三、It is (high\about) time (that)…后的定语从句中,常用动词的过去式,或should

+ 动词原形。此句型表示“现在该……”,用来表示提议。如:

It is high time (that) we started out.

It is about time (that) we began \ should begin our discussion.

四、用动词的过去式表示与现在事实或将来事实相反,用动词的过去完成式表示与过去事

实相反的句型。

一)、wish后that引导的宾语从句中。如:

I wish I were as clever as you. ( 表示与现在事实相反)

I wish he would try again. (表示与将来事实相反)

二)、as if\though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中。如:

He looks as if\though he were an artist.

He talks as if he had really been to the heaven.

注意:在这种从句中,如果假设的情况很可能会发生,则可以不用虚拟语气。如:He looks as if he’s angry with him

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

三)、would rather后的宾语从句中。如:

I’d rather you didn’t go there.

He’d rather his father had been at his party last night.

四)、if only引导的感叹句中。如:

If only I were a bird. 我要是只鸟就好了。

If only I had worked hard at English.

五、用动词原形表示的虚拟语气

一)、表示祝愿的句子。

May you be happy! 祝你幸福!

Long live the People’s Republic of China. 中华人民共和国万岁!

二)、表示让步的状语从句中。

Come what may. I’ll stick to my plan.

六、虚拟语气表示委婉语气的句型,情态动词的过去式如could, would, might表示现在

时间时,表示说话人的某种态度:谦虚、客气、委婉、不肯定等。如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.

Would you be kind enough to show me the way?

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虚拟语气的用法小结

虚拟语气的用法小结 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语的特殊形式来表示,下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 一)、表示与现在、过去和将来的事实相反,主句和从句的动词变化规则见下表: 例如: If I were you, I would go at once. ( 与现在事实相反) If it should rain\were to rain\rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. ( 与将来事实相反) If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam. ( 与过去事实相反) If it were not for the rain, the crops would\should die. (与现在事实相反) 注意:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。如:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. 二)、有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现If引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来替代条件句,称为“含蓄条件句”。 1、用介词短语代替条件句。常用介词有with, without, but for等。如: We couldn’t have succeeded without your help (= If we hadn’t got your help). But for the rain (= If it hadn’t been for the rain), we would have finished

虚拟语气用法归纳

?法归纳 ?????? ??动词之后。 ??做作业。 ◆If I had seen you last night?,I would?have given?the pen back to you.? ??回。 ◆If it were to snow tomor?r ow,we would?go skiin?g. 下?。 ?。 注意 (1)?? 动词? 动作?? 动词形??情况 ?以调整。 ◆If I had follo?w ed your advic?e last night?, I would?not be in troub?l e now.? ???。 (2)???w e re,shoul?d had? 以省略i?f,wer?e,shoul?d had?????动词 ?略形 。 ◆Had it not been for your help, I could?not have finis?h ed my work ahead?of time. ?? 作?。 (3) 以 ?w ith,witho?u t,but for?连词ot?h erwi?s e,or 动词???。 ◆Witho?u t/But for air (If there?were no air)there? would?b e no livin?g thing?s on the earth?. ?? 物。 3.?? 法? (1)as if/as thoug?h???? 动词 ?动词 ? ? 。( ???非常大。) ◆He looks? as if he were over 30yea?r old。 ?? 。( ?)She talke?d as if she had seen the film befor?e.?以 ??样。 (2) 由eve?n if /even thoug?h???都? ( 动词 ?形???相同)。 ◆Even if Tony had been here just now,he could?n’t have given?you any help.? ? 。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类: (1)陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is! (2)祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点: 1.主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用do not 或者don’t 加动 词原形(或be)如 Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如 You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如 Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you 如 Let’s go out for a walk after supper,shall we /Let us clean our classroom, will you 5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。如 Think hard and you will have a good idea. (3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,列表如下:

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法 英语中的 语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示 动作 或状态 是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于 陈述句 、疑问句 和某些 感叹句 中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句 ) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句 ) 2、祈使句 表示说话人对对方的 请求 、警告,建议 或命令 。 如 : Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心 !(走路 ) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表 达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句 中的 谓语动词 的特殊形式表示出来的。如 : If I were a bird ,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空 中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考 试。 一、状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟类型 条件从 句 主句 (1) 与现在事实相 反 V-ed 过去式( be 动词用 were ) should/could/would/might + V. 原形 (2) 与过去事实相反 had done 过去完成时 should/could/would/might + have done ① Should + V. 原形 should/could/would/might + V. (3) 与将来事实相反 ② were to +V. 原形 原形 ③ V-ed 过去式 (4) If 省略条件句 虚拟条件句的谓语动词含 有 were, should, had 时,if 可以省略, 这时条件从句要用倒 装语序,即把 were, should, had 等词置于句首。 (5) 错综条件句 主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 (6) 含蓄条件句 条件会暗含在短语中,如 without, but for , otherwise 等。 (7) for fear that , in case , lest 引导的从句中,用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为 : (should) + do 目的状语从句 so that , in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中 从句谓语为 : can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ① 现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用 + V-ed 或过去进行时 ( 1 )wish/wished ② 与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语 + had done + could/would have done ③ 与将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语 could/would + V. 原形 i f only 引导的感叹句和 as if/as though 引导的状语从句也有与 wish 相同用法还有一些表愿望的短语: would just as soon 倒宁愿 /prefer 宁愿 / (2) would rather , had rather , would sooner 等表示与客观事实不相符 的一种愿望表示 现在 或将来 的愿望,用 V-ed (be 用 were )

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。 在中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气 在什么情况下用虚拟语气 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。 [] 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。(非真实条件状语从句) If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(非真实条件状语从句) 2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱) 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:学习不用功) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况

虚拟语气的用法归纳

语气 虚拟语气的用法归纳 1、虚拟条件句的三种基本类型:与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。 条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的,而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想,与事实相反或不大可能会发生: If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间,我就同他们去。(陈述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你,我就同他们去。(虚拟语气) ▲与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If I knew her number ,I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道) ▲与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”: If I’d left soone r,I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) ▲与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 注:几点特别说明 ①主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是:would表示结果,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较:

虚拟语气的基本用法归纳

虚拟语气的基本用法归纳 今天我们从以下几个方面来掌握虚拟语气的基本用法。 一、虚拟语气的使用范围: 虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中,也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。 二、虚拟语气的判断: 1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种: (1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如:

If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨,我们就能玩网球了。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你,我就娶她为妻。 (3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会,你会难过的。 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结 如果从语气的角度进行分类,英语的所有句子可分为三种: 陈述语气、祈使语气以及虚拟语气。 不论什么时候,我们说话都是带着个人情感的,有时候我们只是客观地陈述事实,从语法角度研究,就是陈述语气: The Earth travels around the Sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 He has been working in the company for twenty years. 他在公司干了二十年了。 Most Chinese parents push their children too hard. 大多数中国父母把孩子逼的太狠了。 有时候,我们向对方发出请求、警告,建议或命令,可以用祈使语气: Please turn off the TV. 请把电视关了。 Don't smoke in the office. 不要在办公室抽烟。 Stop complaining, will you? 别怨天尤人的,好吗? Would you be so kind as to lend me a hand? 请帮个忙好吗? 那么,我们什么时候会用虚拟语气? 首先,请牢记,虚拟语气是通过谓语动词的变化表达的: If I were you, I would not believe his story. 如果我是你,我不会相信他的故事。 一、表示说话人的主观愿望: 1,wish表示愿望,有三种情况: 1)表达对未来的期望,不管可不可能,宾语从句的谓语用would/could+动词原形: I wish you could join us tomorrow. 我希望你明天能加入我们。 I just wish I could go home. 我只希望我能回家。 I wish there would be no famine any more in the world. 我希望世界上不再有饥荒。 2)表达与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时: She wishes she had a little brother. 她希望她有一个弟弟。 I wish we were living in the countryside. 我希望我们住在乡下。 They wished it were/was summer. 他们希望是夏天。

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助句法形式)来表示。 一、虚拟条件句 条件句有两类:一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语用陈述语气。 If you don 'work hard, you will fail. If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在,则为虚拟语气 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表: 1•与现在事实相反的虚拟 What would you do if you won the lottery? If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad. If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world. 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟 If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟 If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off. If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help. 二、错综、混合虚拟语气 通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 1. If I had see n you, I would not be so worried now.(从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的 假设) 2. If you had not watched televisi on so late last ni ght, you would not be so sleepy no w.(从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) 3. Had you followed the doctor ' suggesti on, you would be fine no w.(从句是对过去的假设, 主句是对现在的假设) 4. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next mon th.(从句是对过

虚拟语气全部用法总结

虚拟语气全部用法总结 虚拟语气是英语中的一种语气,用于表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等语境。在英语中,虚拟语气的用法非常广泛,下面我们来总结一下虚拟语气的全部用法。 1. 表达假设 虚拟语气可以用来表达假设,即表示某种情况或事件是假设的、不确定的或未实现的。例如: - If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。) - If I had more money, I would travel around the world.(如果我有更多的钱,我会环游世界。) 2. 表达愿望 虚拟语气还可以用来表达愿望,即表示某种情况或事件是希望实现的,但实际上并没有实现。例如: - I wish I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能说一口流利的英语。) - If only I had more time, I could finish this project.(要是我有更多的时间,我就能完成这个项目了。) 3. 表达建议

虚拟语气还可以用来表达建议,即表示某种情况或事件是建议的,但并不一定会实现。例如: - I suggest that you take a break and relax.(我建议你休息一下,放松一下。) - If I were you, I would go to the doctor and get a check-up.(如果我是你,我会去看医生做个检查。) 4. 表达命令 虚拟语气还可以用来表达命令,即表示某种情况或事件是命令的,但并不一定会被执行。例如: - I demand that you apologize to me right now.(我要求你立刻向我道歉。) - If I were your boss, I would fire you for being late.(如果我是你的老板,我会因为你迟到而解雇你。) 5. 表达虚拟条件 虚拟语气还可以用来表达虚拟条件,即表示某种情况或事件是虚构的、不存在的或不可能实现的。例如: - If I had wings, I could fly.(如果我有翅膀,我就能飞了。) - If I were a millionaire, I would buy a yacht.(如果我是百万富翁,

虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 虚拟语气是一种语法现象,常常用于表达非真实情况、假设情况、愿望意愿等。在英语中,虚拟语气有两种形式:过去虚拟语气和现在虚拟语气。下面是对虚拟语气的用法进行总结。 一、过去虚拟语气的用法: 1. 表达不可能实现的愿望、欲望或建议: If only + 主语 + 过去完成时(had + 过去分词) 例句:If only I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(要是我当初努力学习的话,我就能通过考试了。) 2. 表示对过去发生的事情的假设: If + 主语 + had + 过去分词, 主语 + would/could/might + 动词原 形 例句:If I had taken the bus, I would have arrived on time.(要是 我坐公共汽车的话,我本能准时到达。) 3. 表示对与现在事实相反的情况的假设: If + 主语 + 过去式, 主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形 例句:If I were you, I would apologize to her.(要是我是你的话,我会向她道歉。)

4. 表达对不可能实现的条件: If only + 过去式 例句:If only I had a million dollars.(要是我有一百万美元该 多好。) 二、现在虚拟语气的用法: 1. 表达建议、命令等正式用法: 表达建议:(should +动词原形/动词原形) 例句:It's important (that) you should take some rest.(你应该休 息一下,这很重要。) 表达命令:(应用“命令式”的虚拟形式) 例句:It's vital (that) he be here on time.(他必须准时到达,这 很重要。) 2. 表达愿望、要求、建议等陈述式的用法: It's time/It's high time + 过去式 例句:It's time you went to bed.(你该去睡觉了,时间到了。)

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳 第一部分:语气的定义和种类 1、语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类 ⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和 某些感叹句。如: ① There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 ② Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗? ③ How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊! ⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如: ① Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。 ⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推 测等。如: ① If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 ② I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。 ③ May you succeed! 祝您成功! 第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气, 常用于日常会话中。如: ⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗? ⑵ It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完 整) -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。 在条件句中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气 在什么情况下用虚拟语气 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。 [编辑本段] 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。(非真实条件状语从句) If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(非真实条件状语从句) 2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)

虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 以下是小编为大家总结的虚拟语气的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握英语中虚拟语气的用法,提高英语水平。 一、虚拟语气的使用范围: 虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中,也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。 二、虚拟语气的判断: 1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种: (1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如: If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨,我们就能玩网球了。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你,我就娶她为妻。 (3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会,你会难过的。 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法。 (1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气:根据从句的意义来判断。 A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去时态。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结 一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。) 1。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:

2。错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在) 3。省略连词if (倒装)。在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装. Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。 Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。 Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了. Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

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