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虚拟语气的变化规律

虚拟语气的变化规律

虚拟语气的变化是通过其谓语动词的变化来实现的,大体可以分为以下几种:

一、时间选择型

当虚拟语气用来表示一种非真实的情况时,必须选择与现在、将来和过去情况相反的三种不同时间,从而决定谓语动词。这种时间选择型虚拟语气多用于条件句、even if(though)引导的让步状语从句、as if(though)引导的表语从句和方式状语从句、wish后的宾语从句中。情况如下:

1、与现在事实相反

从句谓语动词:用动词的过去式(be动词一般用were);主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+动词原形。例如:

If I had a car of my own, I should be very happy.

如果有一辆自己的汽车,我会非常高兴。

2、与过去事实相反

从句谓语动词:had+过去分词;主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+had+过去分词。例如:

If the doctor had come earlier, the child could have been saved.

如果大夫早点来,那个孩子就会得救了。

3、与将来事实相反

从句谓语动词:用动词过去式/should +动词原形/were to+动词原形;主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+动词原形。例如:

If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

如果明天下雨,我们就呆在家里。

二、should+动词原形型

这种类型的虚拟语气一般用于表示建议、要求、命令、愿望的词(如suggest、advise、propose、insist、demand、request、require、desire、order、command、ask

虚拟语气的规则总结

虚拟语气 虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。一、if从句: (二)错综时间的虚拟句:通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但 有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一 时间,其动词形式要根据时间而定。 1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。 2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。 3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。 4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。 5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. (从句指现在,主句指将来)?? (三)省略:If 从句中含有were, should, had时,可省略if并把were, should, had提前。 例如:Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him. 备注:注:would, should, could与might的选择: ①一般常用would,如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。常译作“将、就会”。如: If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话,我就会向他求助。 ②should在虚拟条件句中用得最少,现在几乎不用。可能是因为在陈述语气中第一人称后面 可以用shall,所以在虚拟语气中,理论上讲,第一人称后也可用should。但在现代英语中,特别是美语中,人们常说:I’ll go home.或I will go home. 但很少人说I shall go home. 因此,在虚拟条件句中,should也很少用。 ③could用于虚拟条件句中时,有“能够,可能”之意。如: If you had come back a little earlier, you could have seen it yourself. 如果你回来得再稍早一点,你就可能亲眼目睹这件事了。 ④might用于虚拟条件句时,常译作“或许”,表示可能性有,但不敢肯定。如:

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望(往往与客观事实相反),或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂,需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类:(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律,考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型,剩下的皆是套路~ (1)be型虚拟(基本是套路) 形式:should + 动词原形,should可以省略 用法:1)表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟,常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句,则宾语从句的谓语部分要用(should)+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting(should)be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意:有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句,而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语,如:it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如:It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)

虚拟语气的变化规律

虚拟语气的变化规律 虚拟语气的变化是通过其谓语动词的变化来实现的,大体可以分为以下几种: 一、时间选择型 当虚拟语气用来表示一种非真实的情况时,必须选择与现在、将来和过去情况相反的三种不同时间,从而决定谓语动词。这种时间选择型虚拟语气多用于条件句、even if(though)引导的让步状语从句、as if(though)引导的表语从句和方式状语从句、wish后的宾语从句中。情况如下: 1、与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词:用动词的过去式(be动词一般用were);主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+动词原形。例如: If I had a car of my own, I should be very happy. 如果有一辆自己的汽车,我会非常高兴。 2、与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词:had+过去分词;主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+had+过去分词。例如: If the doctor had come earlier, the child could have been saved. 如果大夫早点来,那个孩子就会得救了。 3、与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词:用动词过去式/should +动词原形/were to+动词原形;主句谓语动词:would/could/should/might+动词原形。例如: If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就呆在家里。 二、should+动词原形型 这种类型的虚拟语气一般用于表示建议、要求、命令、愿望的词(如suggest、advise、propose、insist、demand、request、require、desire、order、command、ask

虚拟语气结构要点

虚拟语气形式 一、(should)+动词原形形式 1.后面必须要加should+动词原形且should可以省略的是以下九个动 词: demand, require, order, propose, insist, suggest(建议), recommend, request, desire 记忆规律为drop + is + rrd suggest: 暗示、表明例外 2.It is essential that… It is important that… It is no better that… It is a waste of that… Should + 动词原形should 可以被省略 3.当demand等九个词做主语后接表语从句时,从句也要使用should+ 动词原形的形式 e.g. My suggestion is that …(should)+动词原形 二、should+动词原形形式,should不能省略 I don’t think (料想)that the new building should be our new teaching building. consider, expect, believe 在表示“没有料想到”的时候后面一定要用虚拟语气,should不可以

省略 I don’t consider that I should meet you here. I don’t expect that I should meet you here. I don’t believe that I should meet you here. 三、以下这些词引导从句时,需要虚拟。 if ,but for, without, otherwise But for your help, we would not have succeed. 如果没有你的帮助,我们就不会成功。/多亏有了你的帮助,… 四、wish, if only, would rather, it is (high)time that …的用法 e.g. I wish I knew the answer to the question now. I wish I had known the answer to the question at the time. If only+过去完成时(对过去的虚拟) If only I had been here much earlier. would rather that 宁愿,宁可…+一般过去时进行虚拟 I would rather that you came to see me next week. It is time that+一般过去式进行虚拟 e.g. It is time that you got up. It is high time that …早该是做某事的时候了… e.g. It is high time that you got up. It is about time that…快到做某事的时间了…

英语虚拟语气构成形式

英语虚拟语气构成形式 一、虚拟语气的定义 虚拟语气是一种表示假设或主观愿望的语气,它表达了与实际情况相反的条件或情境。在英语中,虚拟语气常常用于表达假设、条件、愿望或建议等。 二、虚拟语气的分类 虚拟语气可以分为两类:现在虚拟语气和过去虚拟语气。 1.现在虚拟语气:表示与现在实际情况相反的假设或条件。 2.过去虚拟语气:表示与过去实际情况相反的假设或条件。 三、虚拟语气的构成形式 1. 现在虚拟语气的基本构成形式:(1)动词原形 +would/should/could/might+动词原形。例如:If I had time now,I would read the book. (2)were+主语+动词原形。例如:If I were you,I would go to the party. (3)助动词did+主语+动词原形。例如:If you did your homework,you would pass the exam. 2. 3. 过去虚拟语气的基本构成形式:(1)had+过去分词 +would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。例如:If we had left earlier,we would have caught the train. (2)had+过去分词+助动词had+过去分词。例如:If he had known your telephone number,he would

have called you. (3)助动词did+主语+动词原形+if+主语+had+过去分词。例如:If we had known the truth,we would not have come here. 4. 四、虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气常常用于表达假设、条件、愿望或建议等,具体用法如下: 1.表示假设:虚拟语气可以表示与实际情况相反的假设或条件,表达了说话 者对某种情况的主观愿望或推测。 2.表示建议:虚拟语气可以表示建议或请求,表达了说话者对某种行为的建 议或请求。 3.表示条件:虚拟语气可以表示条件,表达了如果某种条件得到满足,将会 发生某种情况。 4.表示愿望:虚拟语气可以表示对某种愿望的表达,表达了说话者对某种情 况的渴望或期待。 五、虚拟语气的变化规则 虚拟语气的变化规则主要涉及到动词的形式变化,具体如下: 1.动词原形的变化规则:在虚拟语气中,动词的原形通常采用一般现在时形 式,表示与现在实际情况相反的假设或条件。如果表示与过去实际情况相反的假设或条件,动词的原形通常采用一般过去时形式。 2.had+过去分词的变化规则:在虚拟语气中,如果表示与过去实际情况相 反的假设或条件,通常使用had+过去分词的形式。其中had是助动词have 的过去式。如果表示现在虚拟语气,had要省略不用。

虚拟语气的时态归纳表

虚拟语气的时态归纳表 一、引言 虚拟语气是语法中的一个重要概念,它表达的是一种不真实的情况或假设。在英语中,虚拟语气通常通过时态和语气的变化来表示。本文将对虚拟语气的时态进行归纳总结,帮助读者更好地理解和运用虚拟语气。 二、一般现在时态 1. 虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气可以用来表达以下几种情况: •对现在或将来的不可能或不真实的情况的假设; •对现在或将来的愿望、请求、建议或命令的表达; •对过去的不可能或不真实情况的假设。 2. 时态的变化 虚拟语气的一般现在时态的时态形式如下: •肯定句:主语 + would/should + 动词原形 •否定句:主语 + would/should not + 动词原形 •疑问句:Would/Should + 主语 + 动词原形? 3. 示例 1.If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学 习。) 2.He wishes he had more free time.(他希望自己有更多的空闲时间。) 3.I suggest that she go to the party with us.(我建议她和我们一起去 参加派对。)

三、一般过去时态 1. 虚拟语气的用法 一般过去时态的虚拟语气主要用于以下情况: •对过去的不可能或不真实情况的假设; •对过去的愿望、请求、建议或命令的表达。 2. 时态的变化 虚拟语气的一般过去时态的时态形式如下: •肯定句:主语 + would/should + have + 过去分词 •否定句:主语 + would/should not + have + 过去分词 •疑问句:Would/Should + 主语 + have + 过去分词? 3. 示例 1.If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时 学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。) 2.I wish I hadn’t said that to her.(我希望我没对她说那样的话。) 3.He suggested that she should have come earlier.(他建议她应该早点 来。) 四、其他时态的虚拟语气 1. 现在完成时态 虚拟语气的现在完成时态用于对过去已经发生的事情进行假设。时态形式如下:•肯定句:主语 + would/should + have + 过去分词 •否定句:主语 + would/should not + have + 过去分词 •疑问句:Would/Should + 主语 + have + 过去分词? 2. 将来时态 虚拟语气的将来时态用于对将来不可能或不真实的情况进行假设。时态形式如下:

if引导的虚拟语气时态规则

if引导的虚拟语气时态规则 在英语语法中,虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、愿望、建议或对未来情况的猜测的语法结构。其中,以if引导的虚拟语气时态规则是其中的一种形式。本文将详细介绍这一规则的用法和注意事项。 一、虚拟语气的基本概念 虚拟语气是一种非真实的语气,用来表达与事实相反或与现实情况不符的假设、愿望或建议。它通常用于条件句中,以if引导。虚拟语气有三种时态形式:过去时、过去完成时和过去将来时。 二、以if引导的虚拟语气时态规则 1. 过去时虚拟语气 当我们想表达与现在事实相反的假设时,可以使用过去时虚拟语气。其结构为:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式,主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。 例如: - If I were rich, I would travel around the world. - If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam. 2. 过去完成时虚拟语气 当我们想表达与过去事实相反的假设时,可以使用过去完成时虚拟语气。其结构为:if + 主语+ had + 过去分词,主语+

would/could/might + have + 过去分词。 例如: - If I had known the truth, I would have told you. - If they had arrived earlier, they might have caught the train. 3. 过去将来时虚拟语气 当我们想表达与将来事实相反的假设时,可以使用过去将来时虚拟语气。其结构为:if + 主语 + should/were to + 动词原形,主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。 例如: - If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. - If he were to win the lottery, he could buy a new car. 三、注意事项 1. 在虚拟语气中,动词的形式会发生变化。例如,be动词的过去式是were,而不是was。 2. 虚拟语气常用于表示假设、愿望或建议,因此在实际应用中要注意上下文的语境。 3. 虚拟语气常与情态动词would、could、might等连用,表示可能性或愿望。 4. 虚拟语气的时态形式要根据具体的语境来确定,需要根据句子的时间关系来选择合适的时态。

虚拟语气口诀与总结

虚拟语气总结 1一种定语从句:It’s time that+did 2两种目的状语从句: so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +do in case\lest\for fear以防that+should do 3三种随时变化句: ①wish 现在→did/were if only +过去→had done as if/though 将来→could/would do ②would rather+现在/将来→did/were 过去→had done ③现在:if+did/were, would+ do 过去:if+had done, would+ have done 将来:did if+ were to do, would+ do should do 注意:除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外,还有倒装条件句,即把were、had或should提前;混合时间句,虚实错综句,以及含蓄条件句,即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的; 4四种名词性从句: ①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时,主语从句要用虚拟语气;例: It’s important that we should help each other. ②动词一坚持insist,两命令command, order,三建议advise, propose, suggest,四要求ask, demand, request, require后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气;例: He insisted that he should be sent to the West. 注:insist坚持说, suggest暗示,表明时,从句应用陈述语气;如: Her pale face suggested that she was ill. 1. Mother insisted that John should go to bed before 9 o’olock. 对比:He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.不是建议、要求、命令或主张 2. His suggestion that Tony should be invited to the party was refused.同位语从句 对比:His words suggested that he was very angry with me.不是建议、要求、命令 ③idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词作主语时,表语从句用虚拟语气;例: My suggestion is that we should hold a class meeting. ④idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气;例: The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely. If +were/ did 动词过去式,主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+do用来表示对现在情况的假设 1. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others. If +had done 过去完成式,主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+have done用来表示对过去情况的假设 1. If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer. If +were/ did 动词过去式, 主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+ do were to do should do 用来表示对将来情况的假设 1. If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装:在虚拟语气条件句中,如果出现助动词were, should, had, 可省略if, 把这些词提到主语前面,变成倒装句; 1. Should he act like that again, he would be fined. If he should act like that again, he would be fined; Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. If he were to act like that again, he would be fined. If he acted like that again, he would be fined.不可以倒装 2. Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved. If the doctor had come in time last night, the boy would have been saved. 3. If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. 不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词 But for….--> If it were not for…../ If it hadn’t been for 1. But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board…… 2. But for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life. If it were not for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.

虚拟语气的语法规则与例句

虚拟语气的语法规则与例句 2023年了,虚拟语气已经成为英语语法中的一个基础部分。通常,虚拟语气用来表示一种假设性的情况或者不太可能的情况。在本 文中,我将介绍虚拟语气的规则,以及一些例句来帮助您更好地理解 虚拟语气。 一、虚拟语气的使用 虚拟语气一般用于表示“可能”的假设。它用于表达想象、条件、愿望或虚拟情况。虚拟语气和现实任务的不同之处在于,虚拟语 气的表述是一种猜测或推测,不一定是真实的情况。虚拟语气通常出 现在状语从句中,用来表达不可能或只有可能的情况。 二、虚拟语气的情况分类 1.虚拟语气用于表达愿望 愿望虚拟语气通常用于“虚拟现在/过去”,表示一种遥远或理想状态的情况,表达遗憾或希望。愿望虚拟语气的动词形式通常是“would like”或“wish”。 例子: If only I knew how to swim, I would go to the beach every day. 如果我知道怎么游泳,我就会每天去沙滩。 I wish I had a better job. 我希望我有一份更好的工作。 2.虚拟语气用于表达条件 虚拟条件语气通常用于表达一个条件,表示虚拟的情况。它用于表示某种情况下,将会是什么样子。 例子:

If I were rich, I would travel around the world. 如果我有钱,我就会环游世界。 If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam. 如果他学得更努力,他就会通过考试。 3.虚拟语气用于表达虚拟现在 虚拟现在语气用于描述虚拟的现在情况。虚拟现在语气的动词形 式通常是“were”。 例子: If he were taller, he could play basketball. 如果他身高高 一些,他就可以打篮球了。 I wish I were a bird. 我希望我是一只鸟。 4.虚拟语气用于表达虚拟过去 虚拟过去语气表示虚拟的过去情况。虚拟过去语气的动词形式通 常是“had”或“were”。 例子: If he had won the lottery, he would have bought a new car. 如果他中了彩票,他就会买一辆新车了。 If I were you, I would have stayed home today. 如果我是 你,我今天会待在家里。 三、虚拟语气常见错误 1.不要在介词后使用虚拟语气。 错误:If I were in your situation, I would have done the same thing.

英语学习:虚拟语气的十一条规律

英语学习:虚拟语气的十一条规律 推荐文章 语气很拽的个性说说热度:高科技犯罪的特征和规律是什么热度:历史记忆案例的规律记忆法热度:遵守党的政治规律方面存在的问题分析热度:守纪律讲规律学习心得体会3篇热度: :虚拟语气在英语的语法里是一个高频出现的语法,需要我们的认真掌握,下面我们一起看看这篇《虚拟语气的十一条规律》。 一.虚拟语气用于假设 二.虚拟语气用于以as if和as though(好像)引导的方式状语从句中,表示不太符合实际的比喻 This microcomputer operates as though it had been repaired.这台微型计算机操作起来好像修理过似的。(事实上这台微型计算机操作前没有进行过修理。) 【注】在look和其他个别动词后引起的as if或as though的从句内,可以用 虚拟语气,目前有趋势,也可以用陈述语气,因为as if和as though(好像)已 衬托出虚拟语气的含义。 1.It seems as if we shall have to walk home.看来我们似乎得步行回家了。 2.It sounds as though someone is knocking at the door.听起来似乎有人在敲门。 三.虚拟语气用于以lest,for fear that和in case引导的目的状语从句中 1.He is working hard for fear that should fall behind.他工作努力,怕落在别人后面。 2.I wrote everything down lest I should it.为了怕忘记,我把毎件事都记下来了。 必须注意,上述目的状语从句内的should还可以省略,于是就以

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。如: If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如: What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元,你会做什么? We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help) 没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。 Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. = But for your help, … = If it had not been for your help, … = Had it not been for you help, … 没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结-排版

高中英语语法-虚假语气全总结-排版 虚假语气在非真切条件句中 从句主句例句 IfIhad time,I would attend the 与此刻事主语+ If+主语+助动词的过去式meeting. 实相反的should/would/could/might (were,did,had)IfIwere you,I should seize the 假定+动词原形 opportunitytogoabroad. 与过去事主语+ Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwould 实相反的If+主语+had+过去分词should/would/could/might nothavefailedintheexam. 假定+have+过去分词 Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhave ①If+主语+动词过去式themeeting. 与将来事②If+主语+wereto+动词原主语+Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewould 实相反的形should/would/could/might putoffthesportsmeeting. 假定③If+主语+should+动词原+动词原形Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,we 形(注意不可以是would)shouldputoffthemeetingtillnext Monday. ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词 的形式要依照它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如: Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow. Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if,把were,had,should提到句首,变成倒装句式。如: IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder. →WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder. 假如我还有上学的机遇,我会更为努力学习。 Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus. →Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus. 假如你来得早点,你就能追上公共汽车。 Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing. →Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing. 假如明天下雨的话,我们就不可以爬山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with,without,butfor。如:

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气 一、定义:虚拟语气主要用来表示假设,而非客观存在的事实,所陈述的是一个条件,不一 定是事实,甚至完全与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。如: If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。

进阶篇——第五章 虚拟语气

本章概述 语气作为谓语动词的语法范畴,与时态、语态一样,需要表达一定的含义,方式是变化动词形式。常见的语气类型如下: 大部分学习者听到或者见到虚拟语气的第一反应恐怕是“心虚”。模糊的定义、复杂的动词变化,已让不少学习者非常头疼,再加上与真实条件句的结合,真假难辨,虚拟语气已经成为众多学习者不可逾越的一座山峰。本章的目的,就是帮助学习者征服这座山峰。 一、虚拟原型式 虚拟语气有两种动词变形方式,即虚拟过去式和虚拟原型式。虚拟原型式通常用来表达主观的(说话人)命令、要求、建议等等,动词均变为should+动词原形,其中should可以省略。此时动词变形是为了避开具有客观性的陈述语气,常见于: 1.动词ask,advice,command,demand,insist,order,require,recommend,suggest,urge 等相关的宾语从句。 His father urged that he study medicine. 他父亲要求他学医。 2.形容词advisable,appropriate,crucial,nature,desirable,essential,important,imperative,necessary,urgent,unusual,vital,requested,decided等相关的主语从句。 It is important that the hotel receptionist make sure that guests are registered correctly. 宾馆的前台接待人员应该确认登记的信息正确,这点十分重要。 It is quite natural that the customs of all national minorities be respected. 各个少数民族的风俗习惯都应该得到尊重,这是非常自然的。 It's requested that all members be present at the meeting. 所有成员都需要出席这个会议。

虚拟语气规则

虚拟语气规则 3. 4.It is (high) time that 从句的虚拟:V过去式或should + V原(should不能省略) 5. 6.一坚持(insist) ,二命令(order, command), 三建议(advise, suggest, propose/recommend), 四要求(require, request, demand, desire) 的虚拟:用should+ V原(should可省略 完成句子 1. If ______________ tomorrow, I _______________and see my friends. (go) 如果明天是星期天的话,我就去看望我的朋友。 2. If you _________________TV yesterday, you ___________ so sleepy now. (watch) 如果你昨天不看电视,你现在就不会那样困了。 3. She was ill, otherwise she _________________________at the meeting. (present) 她病了,否则她就会出席会议了。 4. If I you now, I the chance to go abroad. (seize) 如果我现在是你,我就抓住这次出国的机会。 5. Without your help, we ____________________such a result now. (get) 没有你的帮助,我们就不会获得今天这样的一个结果。 6. The teacher suggested that our class into eight groups. (divide) 老师建议我们班分成八个小组。 7. Our teacher’s suggestion is that we reading English every morning. (practice) 我们老师的建议就是我们每天早晨要训练读英语。 8. It is suggested that we before sunset. (start)建议我们日落前出发。 9. How I wish I my parents’ advice. (listen) 我多么希望听了父母的建议。 10. I wish I a teacher now. (be) 我希望我现在是一个老师。 11. His mother wishes that he to college next year. (go)

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情态动词和虚拟语气用法简表及总结

补充: 1。根据情态动词表推测的确信程度大小可作如下排序: must>will〉would〉ought to〉should〉can>could〉may>might

2.shall的用法: (1)shall用于一、三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方的同意或向对方请示。 (2)shall用于二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话人的允诺、保证、命令、威胁、警告、决心或者法律规章上的指示和规定等。 eg: ①Shall I open the window? ②You shall get a new bike you want very much if you get the first prize in the coming exam。 注:shall,will表示命令时的区别。 ⑴shall指法律、规章、制度上的“必须”.常用于正式文件中. ⑵will指责任、义务上的“必须"。常用于日常交际中. eg:①Each competitor shall wear a number。 ②No one will leave the examination room before ten o’clock。3.should的用法: ⑴表意外,指说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外或惊异,意为“竟然,竟会”。 ⑵表推测,指确定的或可能有的未来或希望,意为“应该"。 ⑶表可能,常用在if条件句中,强调某事的可能性,意为“要是,万一”。 eg:①I am surprised that you should speak like that. ②They should be ready by 12:00. ③If he should come,please let me know. 4.would与used to的区别 (1)二者都可表示过去重复的习惯动作。 (2)表示过去的状态,只能用used to,不能用would. (3)used to强调过去与现在的对比,而would只表示过去习惯的动作,常与often、

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