大一下学期课本英语词汇汇总——win 版教学内容

大一下学期课本英语词汇汇总——w i n版Unit 3Vocabulary1.1)It’ll only be a ________visit ,because we recently haven’t much time.2)The job is great________________advancement but the starting salary is rather low.3)We’d better pay that electricity bill before they _____us_____.4)As pace of life quickens things ________to change fast in the city.5)Why don’t we get rid of these old chairs,since we don’t usethem____________?6)The earth’s atmosphere makes_______observation of distant stars difficult.7)The lawn was laid out________________the figure 8.8)I shouldn’t always have to tell you what to do,use your own___________.9)Words cannot ________how grateful we are for his timely help.10)It seems to me that the board of directorsis________________over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.11)I find it difficult to grasp the ______of infinite space.12)Philip presented a complex argument that was completely beyond my_______.3.1)The film’s appeal_________not only the entertainment it provides to the audience but also the questions it raises about thepossible______________human beings and aliencivilizations.(contact,lie in)2)The decision on the new project is made onthe____________scientific study.The project __________to succeed despite the fact that we do nothave_________funds______________________.(at the moment,basis,sufficient,likely)3)True it is hard to make accuratepredictions,but___________growth of the informationindustry_____________that this line of growth of the informationindustry ________________that this line ofproducts_______________profitable.(highly,steady,ensure) Comprehensive Exercises:Do we have the right attitude towards science?Hawking suggests that many people are _______ (1) distrustful of it. This might change if the public were better informed. But how canwe_______bring ________（2)？It is _______(3)that schools are important, especially if science is taught in an interesting manner.But science is changing at such a fast_________(4) that what we learn in school is no longer _________(5) to last a lifetime. What can we use to _____________(6) news of the latest ideas and developments? Popular science books can help, but the_____________(7)of the population that read them is not very large. _________ (8) we need to rely on television, for only television can ________(9) the message reaches a sufficiently large audience.Science is interesting and exciting. Why? Science helpsyou___________(1) the world in which you live. For example, science explains how airplanes fly and how birds find their way when they________(2) long distances. Besides, people use science to make discoveries that have__________ (3) value. One of these discoveries is the________ (4) of light to carry telephone messages through a glass wire._______ (5) is the lengthening of human life through the use of heart pacemakers （心脏起搏器）and other mechanical devices(器械).In the future, there will________ (6) be an endless number of new discoveries. These discoveries will ________ (7) your career and your daily life. Television, computers, and space shuttles are part of today's world. Who can imagine what new, yet-to-be-discovered_________ (8) lie ahead? In the future, scientists may discover how to predict earthquakes and how to produce an endless_______ (9) of energy.__________10) you may live and work in a space station in orbit around the earth. Scientists will continue to make dioveries that will change the world in which you live.Unit 6Vocabulary1.1) The former lake bed is now a ________plain producing good crops of wheat.2) Aunt Pat's rough, red hands ___________ a life of hard physical labor.3)If you are living_________，you may not have to pay tax in your own country.4) Helen is pretty, of________ build, with blue eyes.5) We _________ the boards down the middle to use them for the back of the shelves.6) Only the hope that the rescuers were getting nearer_________the trapped miners.7) The ________of the setting sun reddened the stream.8) The kidnappers (绑架者)____________the boy into the car and drove off.9 )It is common knowledge that dogs have a _______ sense of smell.10) The unusually cold winter caused many plants to__________late this year.11) Training is provided, so no __________experience is required for the job.12) We can go to the seven o'clock performance or the eight一____________ suits you best.3.1) During the 1880s, several black colleges were founded in the U.S._________educational opportunities for black students and help them _________________in the world.(broaden, makeone'sway)2) "The food at this hotel _________me. Why not dine at the restaurant across the street?" "Well, we haven’t reserved a table,but we'll ____________________its not being full.”(take a chance,disgust)3) About 15,000 artists participated in_______opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, which left 91,000 spectators from China_______________ mesmerized (着迷).The event,directed by Chinese filmmaker Zhang Yimou,__________China’s rich history and cultural heritage.(overseas,reflect,grand)Comprehensive Exercises:I had no difficulty in__________ (1) him, standing there with the book_________ (2) firmly in one hand. A book had seemed the natural choice, as it had been those notes in the _________ (3) of another that had brought us together in the first place. He was right on time,just as we had scheduled. I liked that. It seemed to fit well with everything I had discovered from__________(4) with him while he was _________(5).Now here he was in the flesh,looking__________(6) handsome as he stood there in his uniform. I almost ___________ (7) to put him to the test, but it was too late to change my mind and I was _________ （8) to the lady for agreeing to help. I________________(9) past him and didn't wait to see his response to her. So here I am in the restaurant,waiting to see whether I am going to have dinner on my own or not.Will he endup_______________(10) after all?So Raymond found himself unpacking his bag in a London hotel before he had decided on his approach（接近的途径）to Jenny. He _______ (1) thought of the telephone, but he knew that wouldn't do. Jenny believed that he was dead. He couldn’t just_________(2)up and say he wasn’t.________(3) could he just ring her doorbell and be standing there on the mat. She would think she was seeing things（眼花了).A hot bath and a change of clothes did not bring any revelations （启示），either. He sat down at the writing desk andbegan a letter to her 一tore it up and began_________(4) 一and tore that up.He.________(5) down the pen and went out into the early October dusk of London, _________(6) avoiding the address where Jenny was living.He was unaccustomed to dilemmas(两难境界)like this which could not be _________ (7) out in a decent length of time, and he was getting angry with_________ (8). Moodily he turned into a cheerful-looking____________(9) and had a lonely meal, aware that he might have Jenny's happy face across the table 一he was wasting time 一but after so many years, did a few morehours________10)?Unit 7Vocabulary1.1)The financial （财政的）help they got from the local government didn't ___________ toward solving the problem.2) Their retail (零售)business in Asia __________ rapidly since the early 1990s.3) ______________world peace, we must promote（增进）mutual understanding among nations with different social systems.4) I thought it was still early, yet I got to thelibrary____________find it closed.5) On the train l__________an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughter's when she lived in Los Angeles.6) Our company________________.with several American companies for the past few years in joint ventures.7) Phil looked around at the other competitors(竞争对手)and__________ his chances of winning.8) The police believed that the reason they failed to find anything suspicious in that guy's bag was that members of the gang（一伙歹徒）_______________bags at the airport.9) Our visit to the Far East has certainly broadened our________.10) Emily felt increasingly uncomfortable under the woman's steady ___________.11) Everything was going smoothly until suddenlythe___________struck.12) Smallpox （天花），which used to be a severe epidemic（流行性的）disease, has been completely______________.3.1)Scientists _______________various kinds of__________research projects__________ animal intelligence， but they still can't reach an agreement on whether it exists or not. (explore, original,undertake）2) Lots of __________________us that the lost ancient tunnel (地道)must have run right_________the city,______________theseashore. （extend,convince,evidence,underneath3) We should try __________a win-win solution when resolving issues we __________ in foreign trade. First we need________________ what caused the problems. Then we should proceed to _________ways of solving them that are beneficial to both sides. (encounter, figure out, explore, negotiate) Comprehensive Exercises:Interviewer: You mention the case of one whalehelping to save another in an ______________(1). What does this suggest?Linden: Well, it seems to me that this isclearly__________________(2)of______________(3) thought. Here we see an animal ______________(4) a situation and then taking appropriate action in cooperation with humans.Interviewer: And when Jendry_______________(5) with Colo, what does that________________(6)?Linden: It shows that some animals, gorillas at least, are intelligent enough to bargain, to _______________(7). Interviewer: Then there is the case of Miles and Chantek. Linden:Oh,yes.We like to think of ourselves as the________________(8)species, but that doesn't mean animals can't sometimes play tricks on us when it's______________________________(9)！Interviewer: Like Melati_____________(10)Shewman? Linden: Exactly.Interviewer: So would you say your approach to the problem settles the ________________（11)over animal intelligence？Linden: That's not aneasy________________(12) to make, but it does,I think, open up interesting new paths to_________________________(13). Behavior is the way that animals act. For example, how do they get food or take care of their young? How do they find a place to live in or_______________(1) themselves from danger? Much behavior is innate; that is, animals are born with it._______________(2), animals learn much other behavior. There are several kinds of learned behavior.One simple _______________(3) of learned behavior is habituation.This happens when an animal learns to feel comfortable in a new _________________(4) and doesn't pay attention to it anymore. For example, young horses are often afraid of noisy streets. But after a while, they learn to pay no attention to the normal __________________(5)and sounds of a city.Another kind of learned behavior is conditioning. It is a way of learning by association 一that is, by putting__________________ (6)different ideas. In 1900, Ivan Pavlov, a Russian biologist, studied conditioning in dogs. Dogs innately salivate (produce liquid in the mouth) when they smell food. Pavlov___________________(7) a bell every time he gave food to a dog. Soon the dog startedto___________________(8)the sound of the bell with the smell of food. After some time, it salivated when it heard a bell alone,________________(9) food.Learning is important for all animals in anew____________(10). It allows an animal to be adaptable 一that is, able to change in a new situation.Unit 8Vocabulary1.1)The problem of air pollution in our city is very serious becauseours is a big zone of both residential and____________buildings.2) Average students who work hard usually do better than cleverstudents who are___________.3)When the camera ________________properly,a green lightcomes on.4) The fundamental issue in the current debate is whetherenvironmental led contamination cause___________impairment(受损)in children.5)The girl,__________and trembling,stood in the doorway hidingfrom the man who had followed her.6)It is reported that no more than a ___________ofpanies have been successful in the Japanese market.7)I’ve been doing the summer job for two months now.It would bea ___________to be able to have a day off.8)Clarence refused to comment on the state of hismarriage,saying it is “a__________matter.”9)William ____________late and didn’t get to work until teno’clo ck.10)We agreed before we did the deal that we’d both take an equal__________of the profit.11)When you look at the state of his car it’s a__________that hewasn’t killed!3.1) With the help of a bank loan, the company employed a groupof skilled ________workers.New_______________productswere developed and put on the market. As a result thecompany solved_____________________problems.(financial,complex,manual) 2)Philip_________________to find it so hard to_______________________writing in the new country. He________that he would give up his writing career and try some other job. To his delight, he____________________________when he switched to teaching, and even had adequate money for a new car. (swear, upset, better off, make a living)3) The other day my friend John and I paid a visit to the museum of fine arts in our city. The museum had recently acquired a____________of original paintings by an American womanartist.____________________art, I turned to John and asked how her works struck him. John replied that for him,her___________________the restless spirit of America.(ignorant, sum up, handful)Comprehensive Exercises:1.History provides many examples of the decline of great nations.The causes are _________(1), but one reason may simply be that wealthy parents tend to produce_________(2)children.Never having had to struggleto_____________________(3)hard work,they rely on thewealth____________(4)by their parents and grandparents to provide them with an easy life.Some Americans fear that this problemmay__________(5)the future of their own country. An advanced economy needs educated workers if it is to__________(6)properly, yet many young Americans are content to allow theirintellectual__________(7）to remain idle and seem unconcerned by how______________(8)they are. However, if they are to hold their place in the world.They will have to be able to compete. To do so they will have to______________(9)to the need for hard work, education, saving and discipline.2.Dear Mom and Dad,Everything is OK, well, almost everything一you see, I have a terrible headache about every half hour. I've been having this headache ever since I jumped from my__________(1) during the fire. A fine-looking young man was__________(2) by my window when he saw the flames__________ (3) from the window.He was kind enough to call the fire____________(4)and ambulance. Since my furniture was___________ (5) up and my room_________ (6),I have been staying at this young man’s apartment. I thought__________(7) about marrying him but i know how you feel about mixed __________(8).Mom and Dad 一none of the above happened to me. I don't have a headache. There was not a fire in the dorm and I didn't meet a young man with whom I'm living.I'm writing this letter to tell you that I've just received my_________(9) card. I have three D's and two F's. I just thought,if I put this in a different___________ (10), it would sound better!Your Loving Daughter。