2020成都一诊(答案版)

成都市2020届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测物理试卷二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14～18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19～21题有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。

14．图示情境中，小球相对于光滑水平桌面向后运动的原因是( ) A ．小球突然失去惯性 B ．动车突然向前加速 C ．动车突然向前减速D ．动车做匀速直线运动的速度很大15．如图，小物块P 在沿斜面向上的拉力F 作用下沿固定光滑斜面匀速上滑。

现将力F 的方向变为水平向右，仍使P 保持原来的速度沿斜面匀速上滑。

则变化后与变化前比较( )A ．斜面对物块的支持力不变B ．力F 变大C ．力F 变小D ．力F 的功率变大16．大量的氢原子处于n ＝4能级，该能级的氢原子向低能级跃迁时能向外辐射不同频率的光子，从n ＝3能级跃迁到n ＝2能级时辐射的光子频率为v 0。

若某种金属的极限频率略大于v 0，下列说法中正确的是( )A ．从n ＝4能级跃迁到n ＝1能级时辐射光子的波长最长B ．氢原子跃迁时，向外辐射的光子中有4种能使该金属发生光电效应现象C ．用辐射出的光子照射该金属时，光子的频率越大，该金属的逸出功越大D ．当该金属发生光电效应时，入射光的强度越大，光电子的最大初动能越大17．如图甲，在匀强电场中的O 点先后无初速度释放两个正点电荷Ⅰ和Ⅱ，电荷仅在电场力的作用下沿直线向A 运动，两电荷的动能E k 随位移x 变化的关系如图乙。

若Ⅰ的电荷量为q ，则可知( )A ．匀强电场的场强大小为E ＝E k0qx 0B ．电荷Ⅱ受到的电场力大小为F Ⅱ＝E k0x 0C ．电荷Ⅱ的电荷量为q2D ．选O 点为电势零点，A 的电势为φA ＝E k0q18．人造地球卫星的轨道可能是圆，也可能是椭圆。

关于在轨正常运行的这些卫星，说法正确的是( ) A ．所有卫星的运行周期都小于1天B ．所有卫星在任何位置的速率都小于7.9 km/sC ．部分卫星在某些位置的向心加速度大于地球表面的重力加速度D ．所有卫星的轨道半长轴(或轨道半径)的三次方与运行周期的二次方的比值是一个常量19．图甲所示的无人机在飞行的某1 min 内，前0.5 min 沿正东方向做水平直线运动，后0.5 min 沿正北方向做水平直线运动，其速率v 随时间t 变化的关系如图乙。

高考英语一诊试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AEveryone fancies a bargain：if it is free，everyone loves it even more!Those who do not believe in a free lunch can now eat their words because it is possible to get things for free in Singapore without any conditions attached．Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents，all without even touching your wallet．FoodGo search for food festivals and fairs．These food sellers usually put out a lot of small samples for all to try．Famous ones include the Singapore Food Festival held annually in the month of July at various locations including the Takashimaya Square and Plaza Singapore．HaircutsThere are well-known hair salons every month that require hair models or apprentices （学徒）to exercise their skills or for their hair stylist to experiment with new styles．Unbelievable as it might sound，most people come out of this experience satisfied and addicted to more of such deals．Free InternetMost hotels offer free wifi．There are also many cafes in Singapore that offer free wireless surfing．However，order a coffee to avoid unfriendly stares from the staff．Popular spots include the Macdonald's，the Starbucks，and cafe Galilee outlets throughout our island．Free City TourIf you are a traveler in Singapore，the Singapore Tourism Board has arranged for you to enjoy a free two-hour city tour that offers you a choice to enjoy a Sentosa Island tour or a small boat experience．Living and traveling in Singapore is expensive，but sometimes all it takes is a closer look at all the little sheltered corners of this island to appreciate the occasional treasures that are given to those who seek．1.Which of the following best explains the underlined part "all without even touching yourwallet"？______A. Free of charge．B. Free of worry．C. Free of pain．D. Free of tax．2.From which way does free "Haircuts" benefit hair salons？______A. Advertising their products．B. Attracting more customers．C. Developing their staffs' skills．D. Building their reputation．3.In which part of a magazine can we read this text？______A. Health．B. Economy．C. Education．D. Travel．BWhen emergency workers arrive at an old firehouse in New York City，the way they greet each other is not what you might expect．These first responders say，"Ni Hao !" "Ni Hao"means "hello" in Mandarin Chinese．First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire，traffic accident or other emergencies．Some first responders are fire fighters，while others can be Emergency Medical Technicians．In Brooklyn，New York，over 20 first responders are studying Mandarin Chinese for about two hours a week．The class is the first of its kind．It is offered by the New York City Fire Department Foundation．The U．S．Census Bureau recently reported that some New York neighborhoods are made up mostly of immigrants．Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New York's largest immigrant group．They think the city will have the largest Chinese community outside of Asia．The Census Bureau also found that almost 200 languages are spoken in the city．So，knowing different languages is important，especially if you are a first responder．Lieutenant （中尉，少尉）Steve Lee is president of the Fire Department's Phoenix Society．He says that first responders must be able to communicate quickly and effectively when an emergency happens．He explains that first responders enter neighborhoods and communities to assist regardless of where they are from．Many times first responders do not speak the same language as the people they are called to help．He adds that it is vital，or very important，that first responders are able to communicate with the people calling for help．Without help from homeowners and others，Lee adds，discovering exactly where a fire is burning can be a real problem．First responders need to ask questions such as "What building？What address？What apartment？" And the most important question，" Is there anybody left in the building and where？"4.Who are first responders according to Paragraph 2？______A. Persons leading the emergency rescue．B. Rescuers first reaching the disaster．C. People first learning the disaster．D. People first find the disaster．5.Why are the first responders in New York studying the Chinese language？______A. To find a better job in Chinese community．B. To learn about Chinese cultures much better．C. To show respect for the Chinese immigrants．D. To meet the rapid growth of Chinese population．6.What do first responders concern most？______A. The language to communicate．B. The place where the fire occurs．C. The distance covered to the fire．D. The people trapped in the fire．7.What can be a suitable title for the text？______A. Importance of Languages Used in Emergency Rescue．B. Mandarin Being a Must for Emergency Workers．C. New York's Emergency Crews Learning Mandarin．D. Language Problem Disturbing First Responders' Work．CDoes Fame Drive You Crazy？Although being famous might sound like a dream come true，today's stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine．They are at the center of much of the world's attention．Paparazzi （狗仔队）camp outside theirhomes，cameras ready．Tabloids （小报）publish thrilling stories about their personal lives．Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to psychologist Christina Villarreal，celebrities-famous people-worry constantly about their public appearance．Eventually，they start to lose track of who they really are，seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them，not as the people they were before everyone knew their names．"Over time，" Villarreal says，"they feel separated and alone．" The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages．In the 4th century B．C．，painters followed Alexander the Great into battle，hoping to picture his victories for his admirers．When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century，his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans，leading him to complain about his lack of privacy．Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do．Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be．Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras．When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their "story" alive forever．If fame is so troublesome，why aren't all celebrities running away from it？The answer is there are still ways to deal with it．Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities．They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place．Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice．Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are．They are tired of being famous already．8.It can be learned from the passage that stars today ______ ．A. are often misunderstood by the publicB. spend too much on their public appearanceC. can no longer have their privacy protectedD. care little about how they have come into fame9.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？______A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired．B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history．C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids．D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers．10.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today？______A. Huge population of fans．B. Inadequate social recognition．C. Lack of favorable chances．D. Availability of modern media．11.What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity？______A. Sincere．B. Skeptical．C. Disapproving．D. Sympathetic．DSome of the world's most significant problems never hit headlines．One example comes from agriculture．Food unrest and hunger make news．But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about．This is the decline in the growth in production of some of the world's major crops．A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreallooks at where，and how far，this decline is occurring．The authors study the four most important crops：rice，wheat，corn and soybeans．They find that the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s．There are two worrying features of the slowdown．One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world's most populous（人口多的）countries，India and China．Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets．That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down．Second，production growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans．This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods，accounting for around half of all calories consumed．Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains．The authors note that "We have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world．"The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050，as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued．Instead，it says，thanks to slowing population growth，land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert （回返）to forest or wilderness．This could happen．The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in production，which may not actually happen．12.What does the author try to draw attention to？______A. Food riots and hunger in the world．B. News headlines in the leading media．C. The decline of the grain production growth．D. The food supply in populous countries．13.Why does the author mention India and China in particular？______A. Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets．B. Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years．C. Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns．D. Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted．14.What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in thecoming decades？______A. The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies．B. The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution．C. The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed．D. The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland．15.How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation？______A. It is built on the findings of a new study．B. It is based on a doubtful assumption．C. It is backed by strong evidence．D. It is open to further discussion．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）We've all experienced peer pressure (同伴压力). It happens to everybody. However, people have different reactions. Confident people refuse to do things they don't want to do, but shy and anxious people often give in. It may be because they want to be liked. It may be because theyworry that their friends will make fun of them, or perhaps they're just curious about trying something new. (1)It's hard being the only one who says no and the question is: how do you do it? (2) If you think that missing maths, or smoking, or going somewhere you know your parents wouldn't like is a bad idea then the answer is simple: don't do it. It's your decision, nobody else's. You don't need to be aggressive. You don't need to shout and scream, but you must be confident and you must be firm. You need to say, "No thanks. I don't want to do that."Being on your own against everybody else is very hard, so it can really help to have at least one other peer, or friend, who will say no too. (3) You want friends who will support you when you're in trouble. You don't want people who will always agree with the majority. Remember, the most popular people aren't always the most trustworthy.(4) You can learn a lot from people your own age. They can teach you great football skills or the best way to do your maths homework. They can recommend music and advise you on fashion. And don't forget you can tell them things too, and that always feels great. So, find friends who have similar interests. And remember, friendship isn't about feeling depressed and guilty. (5)A. Choose your friends carefully.B. Firstly, you must decide what you believe in.C. It's about sharing experiences and having fun.D. Of course, peer pressure isn't completely bad.E. It may be because they were all born to be stubborn.F. Depression and guilt will surely give you peer pressure.G. Whatever the reason, some people end up doing things they really don't want to.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Mirai Nagasu had already lived at least two lifetimes in the sport of figure skating（花样滑冰）when she showed up in Colorado Springs in March 2014．After (21)her only national title at 14 in 2008 and finishing a (22) fourth at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games，Nagasu's (23) turned，dramatically．A couple of rough (24)followed，then she came back to finish third at the 2014 U．S．nationals before the Sochi Olympics，only to be (25)from the U．S．team by a committee in favor of fourth-place finisher Ashley Wagner．Nagasu was (26)．"It was awful，" she said．"I was very close to (27)．"She trained hard every day in Southern California (28) she was needed as the first alternate．She was not．Looking for a change of scenery，she (29) to go to Colorado to visit her friend Agnes and try to (30)what to do with the rest of her life．It was there that Nagasu (31)the Olympic coach Tom Zakrajsek，who she asked if he would (32)her．It turned out that the (33) to what Nagasu wanted to do with the rest of her life，couldn't have been (34)．She kept on skating．"The new environment really (35)．"At their (36)first lesson together，Zakrajsek told her，"You can do triple axel（三圈半跳跃）．""I (37)，"Nagasu said，"and I want to．"Undoubtedly，she mastered it．Nagasu，now 24，an age by which young (38) have often left the sport．(39)，she continued．She was headed to Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic to perform in the women's free skate．Her efforts finally (40)．21. A. writing B. breaking C. losing D. winning22. A. tiring B. boring C. surprising D. terrifying23. A. fortunes B. interest C. career D. temper24. A. months B. decades C. weeks D. years25. A. dropped B. escaped C. absent D. forbidden26. A. impressed B. inspired C. desperate D. fascinated27. A. fighting B. falling C. drowning D. quitting28. A. now that B. in caseC. for fear thatD. on condition that29. A. decided B. refused C. regretted D. demanded30. A. let out B. figure out C. look for D. put forward31. A. searched B. met C. changed D. attracted32. A. marry B. blame C. save D. coach33. A. key B. approach C. answer D. entrance34. A. simpler B. harder C. worse D. higher35. A. adapted B. helped C. mattered D. benefited36. A. very B. just C. already D. ever37. A. must B. can C. should D. may38. A. alternates B. teenagers C. women D. coaches39. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Instead40. A. came true B. counted on C. paid off D. picked up四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest (1) （sight）in the world-the longest wallin the world．(2) （it）winding path and steep mountains take in some greatscenery．The "Long Wall" has a long history-more than 2，600 years．It (3) （build）in different areas by different dynasties．In the Qin dynasty，the First Emperor of Qin linked the northern walls (4) （prevent）aggression from northern nations．In the Han dynasty，the emperors (5) wanted to protect trade on the Silk Road extended the Great Wall into today's western China．The Great Wall is a building project with the longest duration and at (6) cost of lives，blood，sweat and tears．It (7) （deserve）its place among the "New 7 Wonders of the World"and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites．During the construction of the Great Wall，there were many (8) （extreme）interesting stories，such as Lady Meng Jiang weeping over her husband's death at the Great Wall，a sad but romantic love story set in the Qin dynasty．The Great Wall of China is themust-see attraction in China．Perhaps the most (9) （power）advertising words in history come from the poetic pen of Chairman Mao，"Until you reach the Great history Wall，you're no hero．" It means getting (10) difficulties before reaching a goal．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你校将举办中文书法展（Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition）．请写封邮件邀请你的外教John参加，内容包括：1．时间及地点；2．展览内容；3．邀请他学书法．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear John，How is everything going with you？----Yours，Li Hua答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D【解析】1．A．词句猜测题．根据第一-段中的Let me introduce you to some tips on where and how to gain some free presents， allwithout even touching your wallet．可知，让我向你介绍一些关于在哪里和如何获得免费礼物的小窍门，所有这些都是免费的文章首段画线部分前文get things for free in Singapore有提示，由此推知，划线部分是免费"的意思．故选A．2．C．细节理解题．根据第三段中的There are well-known hair salons every month that require hair models for pprentices（学徒） to exercise their skills or for their hair stylists（发型师） to experiment with new styles．可知，有一些著名的发廊每个月都需要发型模特为徒弟们练习技巧，或者让发型师尝试新的发型．由此可知，美发沙龙的学徒和发型师都可以通过免费"理发"来提高自己的专业技能．故选C．3．D．推理判断题．根据第- -段中的Those who do not believe in a free lunch can now eat their words because it is possibleto get t hings for free in Singapore without any conditions attached． Let me introduce you to some t ips on where and how togain some free presents， all without even touching your wallet．（那些不相信免费午餐的人现在可以食言了，因为在新加坡可以不附加任何条件免费得到东西．让我来给你介绍一些在哪里以及如何获得免费礼物的小技巧，所有这些甚至都不用动你的钱包）可知，全文主要讲在新加坡旅游时可享受的免费服务和产品，本文应属于旅游范畴．故选D．本文是说明文．文章介绍了在新加坡旅游或生活可以免费得到的服务和产品．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．4.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】（1）---（4）BDDC（1 ）．B．细节理解题．根据第二段f中的 "First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire， traffiaccident or othe r emergency（急救人员是第一批到达火灾、交通事故或其他紧急情况的急救人员）．"可知first responders是先到达灾难现场的人，故选C．（2）．D．细节理解题．根据第四段中的 "Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to becomeNew York& apos；s largest immigrant group（一些人预测华人社区有可能成为纽约最大的移民群体）．"可知，华人社区里很有可能成为纽约最大的移民群体，急救人员学习汉语就是为了应对这种挑战，故选C．（3）．D．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段中的"He adds that it is vital， or very important， that first responders are able tocommunicate with the people calling for help（他补充说，重要的是，急救人员能够与寻求帮助的人进行沟通．）．"以及最后一段中的 "And the most important question，" Is thereanybody left in the building and where？（最重要的问题是，"大楼里还有人吗？在哪里？"）"可知急救人员最关心的是被困在火里的人，故选B．（4）．C．主旨大意题．这是一篇新闻，通读全文可知文章报道的是纽约救灾人群学中文的人越来越多．故选B．本文是一篇新闻报道，为了便于沟通，及时营救，纽约消防急救人员正在学习汉语．本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意3三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案．8.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】D【解析】1．C．推理判断题．根据第一段的"They are at the center of much of the world's attention．Paparazzi （狗仔队）camp outside their homes，cameras ready．Tabloids （小报）publish thrilling stories about their personal lives．"可知，现在的名人有很多媒体关注着，因此没有隐私可言，故选C．2．B 主旨大意题．根据第三段的"The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages．"可知，名人面临大家的关注，没有隐私的现象已经有很长的历史了，故选B．3．D 推理判断题．根据第四段的"photographers with modern cameras．和there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their"story"alive forever．"可知，现在的媒体越来越先进，报道的又快又多，因此名人的境况更难了，所以现代媒体的普及使当今成为一名人更难了．故选D．4．D 推理判断题．根据最后一段的They are tired of being famous already．可知作者认为名人已经厌倦出名了，从中可推测作者同情名人．所以答案选D本文记述了现在的名人面临许多问题，他们根本没有隐私可言，小报记者以及网络的传播，使名人面临的问题越来越多，许多名人已经厌倦出名了．考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，i要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段This is the decrease in the growth in production of some of the world's major crops．A new s tudy by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where，and how far，this decline is occurring这是世界上一些主要农作物产量增长的下降．明尼苏达大学和蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的一项新研究着眼于这种下降在哪里以及在多大程度上发生．可知，作者认为我们应该多关注粮食产量下降的问题．故选C．2．A．推理判断题．根据第三段Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets它们的自给自足能力一直是国内和世界粮食市场相对稳定的重要来源．可知，两国粮食自足是世界粮食市场稳定的至关重要的基础．故选A．3．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段The report also states the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9billion people in 2050，as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued．报告还指出，另一份新报告的调查结果更为乐观，该报告表明，世界将不必像粮农组织（Food and Agriculture organization）所说的那样，在2050年为养活90亿人而挖出更多的土地用于农业．可知，粮食和农业组织在未来几十年对世界粮食生产的看法是世界将能够在不扩大农田面积的情况下养活其人口．故选D．4．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段The trouble is that the prediction assumes continued improvements in productions，which may not actually happen问题在于，这个预测假设了生产的持续改进，而这种改进实际上可能不会发生．可以看出，作者认为粮食及农业组织的论点，它基于一个值得怀疑的假设．故选B．本文是一篇说明文，作者分析了明尼苏达大学和蒙特利尔麦克吉尔大学的一项新研究，并指出了关于粮食方面的一些问题．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．16.【答案】【小题1】G 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】C【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲了面对同辈压力不同人的不同反应以及如何在面对同辈压力时做自己。

【2020成都一模成都一诊】四川省成都市2020届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测文综历史试题四川省成都市2020届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测文综历史试题24．商代青铜礼器的装饰花纹充满了神秘性、幻想性和威慑性（如图5）；西周中期以后，青铜礼器在装饰上多采用几何形花纹，追求典雅、朴素的美（如图6）。

这一变化反映出图5商代饕餮纹图6西周几何效A．周代青铜制造技艺已开始衰退B．青铜器的功用发生了重大改变C．观念形态从重神事转向重人事D．父子相袭的工官制度遭到破坏25．在推翻秦朝的战争中，表现最激烈的是南方的楚，其次是齐、XXX，再次是韩、魏、燕，至于关中秦地，完全没有发生反秦暴动。

对此的合理解释是A．楚齐赵三地的农耕经济领先关中B．各地对秦文化的认同存在较大差异C．XXX推行郡县制的时间不一D．秦朝在各地实行了不同的政治制度26．魏晋时期，中央与地方官学的学术地位降低；非官方的私学、家学却因学术功底深厚，传承有续，成为世家子弟修的主要途径。

出现这一变化的重要原因是A．政局动荡社会失序B．学在官府的局面被打破C．下层士人疾速崛起D．官府轻视对民众的教化27．（XXX）“昭陵六骏”的六匹骏马神气俊爽坚毅，姿态神武有力；（唐高宗）乾陵石刻的天马体态浑朴劲健，呈凌空翱翔之势；（XXX）献陵的石虎、（XXX）崇陵的石人石马，也都形体高大，雄健有力。

这类作品A．展示出统一国家的繁荣昌盛B．说明了宗教雕刻艺术的高超C．反映了帝陵礼制色彩的淡化D．体现了大唐气象的豪迈闳放28．明朝中后期，某些地方的士绅力求通过自我管理的方式，取代僵化有力的“保甲制”，维护地方的不乱与繁荣。

内阁也出现了权力“宰相化”的要求。

这可以说明，当时A．专制主义日益强化B．官场腐败威胁长治久安C．地方出现分离倾向D．国家管理机制需要调整29．19世纪70年代以前，在XXX的广东人远超半数。

之后，经营丝业的外国商行雇佣了更多浙江人代替广东人；几乎所有外商银行的中国买办都来自江苏。

2020-四川成都市金牛区九年级上学期期末（初三一诊）语文解析卷1．下列加点字注音有误的一项是（）A．诓．骗（kuàng）豢．养（huàn）孜．孜不倦（zhī）B．怨怅．（chàng）发怔．（zhèng）前仆．后继（pū）C．娉．婷（pīng）恪．守（kè）自惭形秽．（huì）D．摇曳．（yè）阔绰．（chuò）强聒．（guō）不舍【答案】A【详解】A.诓．骗（kuāng），孜．孜不倦（zī）。

故选A。

2．下列语句中书写正确的一项是（）A．否则，鸠占雀巢，李代桃僵，那屋内必是鸡飞狗跳，不得安宁。

B．果然，十年之久，于豹叔叔没再来信。

可是父亲的希望却与日俱增。

C．有人说：山穷水尽，走头无路，陷入绝境，等死而已，不能创造。

D．这题目是把《礼记》里头“敬业乐群”和《老子》里头“安其居乐其业”断章取意造出来的。

【答案】B【详解】A.鸠占雀巢——鸠占鹊巢。

C.走头无路——走投无路。

D.断章取意——断章取义。

故选B。

3．下列语句中加点成语使用有误的一项是（）A．实践证明，联想式教学法是行之有效．．．．,师生都喜闻乐见的一种教学方法。

B．拼过一场恶疾的她形销骨立．．．．，姣好的容颜苍白如雪，却有着一种诡异的清丽迷人。

C．《少年的你》里的主角陈念自然率真，矫揉造作．．．．，所以赢得众多观众的喜爱。

D．那些怀古伤今．．．．的文艺作品，宣扬一种复古倒退的思想，最终会被人民大众唾弃。

【答案】C【详解】A．行之有效，意思是实行起来有成效；指某种方法或措施已经实行过，证明很有效用。

使用正确。

B．形销骨立，形容人瘦到了极点。

使用正确。

C．矫揉造作：形容过分做作，不自然。

含贬义，与语境不符。

D．怀古伤今，追念古代的事情，感伤现在的事情。

指一种落寞、悲观的思想情绪。

使用正确。

故选C。

4．下列语句中没有语病的一项是（）A．美国政府要求欧洲盟友一同封杀华为5G项目，德，法两国公开拒绝，而且还被德国“翻旧账”回怼。