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许国璋英语（第二册）许国璋英语(第二册) populousadj. 人口稠密的continentn. 洲；大陆Asian. 亚洲Asiann. & adj. 亚洲人，亚洲的American. 美洲North America北美洲South America南美洲Americanadj. 美洲的Europen. 欧洲massn. (聚成一体的)团、块land mass地块geographern. 地理学家regardvt. 认为peninsulan. 半岛the Ural Mountains乌拉尔山脉formvt. 组成；构成dividevt. 划分；隔(分)开dividing line 分界线linkvt. 连结；连接exactadj. 确切的；准确的Alaska n. 阿拉斯加(美国一州) connect vt. 连结；连接tipn. 尖端；顶端Siberian. 西伯利亚American Indian美洲印第安人bridgen. 桥梁land bridge地峡settlevi. 定居；安家canaln. 运河the Suez Canal苏伊士运河separatevt. 使分开(离) peakn. 山峰；最高点footn. 英尺altituden. 高度(尤指海拔) uncertain adj. 变化无常的priden. 骄傲religionn. 宗教originatevi. 起源于；发源于Buddhism n. 佛教Christianityn. 基督教Palestinen. 巴勒斯坦Palestiniann. 巴勒斯坦人Islamn. 伊斯兰教Arabian. 阿拉伯半岛principal adj. 重要的；主要的quarter n. 四分之一Japanesen. 日本人Iraniann. 伊朗人Iraqin. 伊拉克人Filipinon. 菲律宾人Singaporen. 新加坡人the Asian Games亚运会civilizationn. 文明sciencen. 科学technologyn. (工业)技术missvt. 惦记，想念；错过wonderful adj. 奇妙的；极好的bitn. 小片a bit of一点quite a bit of相当多(不可数) quite a few相当多(可数) excellentadj. 优秀的；极好的festival n. 节日the Spring Festival 春节evergreenadj. 常绿的get-togethern. 聚会，“联欢会”get down to 开始做solidadj. 坚实；踏实touchn. 接触；v. 触，碰Greece n. 希腊kingn. 国王goldn. 金子worldn. 世界punishvt. 惩罚overjoyedadj. 非常高兴turn to变成delightedadj. 大喜rosen. 玫瑰pickvt. 采摘；拾起happen vi. 发生milkn. 牛奶immediately adv. 立刻piecen. 块，片a piece of一块，一片unhappyadj. 不快，苦恼hungrydrinkvt. 饮fondadj. 喜欢be fond of喜欢kissvt. 吻tenderlyadv. 深情地，温存地then and there 当时当地；立刻statuen. (全身)塑像fillvt. 充满tearn. 眼泪begvt. 乞求prettyadj. 漂亮happinessn. 快乐，幸福bedtimen. 就寝的时刻fetchvt. 去拿(取)boilvt. 煮沸boiled煮开的plentyn. 好些，很多thermos bottle n. 热水瓶n. 谢谢thirstyadj. 渴just now刚才steamn. 蒸气；暖气设备n. 错处wondern. 奇事，奇迹no wonder怪不得ice-boxn. 冰箱boxn. 盒子Scotlandn. 苏格兰centuryn. 世纪rulevt. 统治namedvt. 名叫wiseadj. 聪明braveadj. 勇敢的soldiern. 军人，兵士，战士invade vt. 入侵armsn. 武器defencen. 保卫in defence ofagainstprep. 反对enemyn. 敌人scattervt. 使散开；击溃force vt. 强迫woodn. 树林lonelyadj. 偏僻的；寂寞的rainy adj. 有雨的lievi. 躺着soundn. 声音roofn. 屋顶give up放弃seem看起来，象是usen. 用处spidern. 蜘蛛spinvt. 纺；(吐丝)织(网) n. 网reachvt. 到达toilvi. 艰苦地劳动caren. 关心；注意with care小心地oppositeadj. 相反的，对面的fix vt. 系牢threadn. 丝，线failvi. 失败pooradj. 可怜的；穷的lose vt…失掉hopen. & vi. 希望almost adv. 几乎ownadj. 自己的troublen. 烦恼；麻烦swingvt. 摆动；荡slenderadj. 纤细的linen. 线safelyadv. 安全地callvt. 叫；召集sendvt. 送，派messagen. 信息；口信cheern. 鼓舞；欢呼disheartened adj. 灰心；失望的Scotsman n. 苏格兰人gathervi. & vt. 聚集，集合win vi. & vt. 战胜invadern. 侵略者drivevt. 驱逐；开(车) training n. 训练physical training 体育sports groundn. 操场highadj. 高的jumpn. 跳跃either...orconj. 或…或…breakvi. & vt. 打破，破碎break into groups 分为小组volley-balln. 排球to play class three 与第三班比赛holidayn. 假日suggestvt. 提议reservoirvt. 水库the Great Wall长城revisitvt. 再次访问，重游bankn. 河岸the Yungting River 永定河the year before一年前，前一年surroundingadj. 周围的closeadj. 近的；紧密的tien. 系带；(引抻为)联系villagern. 村子里的人n. 精神be in high spirits 情绪很高，兴高采烈still adj. 安静，不动outsideprep. 在外面well-cultivated adj. 精细耕种的passvt. 经过powern. 威力；电力plantn. 工厂valleyn. 山谷belowadv. & prep. 在下面leapn. 跳跃keep doing something 不断地做某事pleasedadj. 高兴strongadj. 强健；强大achievevt. 取得(成就) sheepn. 绵羊pign. 猪horsen. 马signn. 象征，迹象prosperitygrowvi. 成长digvt. 挖，掘pitn. 坑joinvt. 加入，参加exciting adj. 令人兴奋的picnicvi. & n. 野餐addvt. 加上the restn. 其余的人(东西) entrance n. 入口处supposevt. 猜想cameran. 照相机bloomn. 开花be in bloom(花)正开着nonepron. 没有人San Francisco圣弗兰西斯科(旧金山) city n. 市；城市n. 海岸enjoyvt. 喜爱periodn. 课时eachadv. 各；每个meet会见supplyn. (pl.)供应品v. 检查assignmentn. 指定的(课外)作业assignvt. 指定(课外作业) steadily adv. 持续地punctuationn. 标点符号compositionn. 作文literaturen. 文学；文学作品favourite adj. 特别喜爱的subjectn. 学科；课目poemn. (一首)诗pourvi. 涌来；源源而来heartbreaking adj. 令人心碎的keenadj. 热心的(观众等) viewern. 观众vt. 看televisiontheatren. 戏剧TV theatre电视剧recognizevt. 认出；认识到titlen. 标题recentadj. 最近的；新近的containvt. 包含；有livelyadj. 生动活泼的accomplishvt. 完成(任务等) borevt. 使…感到腻味onceconj. 一旦…(就) guidevt. 引导generaladj. 总的，一般的general cleaning 大扫除broomn. 扫帚dustpann. 盛尘土的簸箕n. 拖把as well也downstairsadv. 在楼下，往楼下furnituren. 家具(统称)tidy upvt. 整理，使整齐cloudn. 云impossibleadj. 不可能sitting-roomn. 客厅，起居室sofan. 长沙发byprep. 在旁边firesiden. 炉边(炉火附近) perfectly adv. 十分地darlingn. 亲爱的人aboutprep. 在周围，在附近next to 在…隔壁bookcasen. 书架，书橱seatn. 座位window-seatn. 窗座drawvt. 拉(上)prayvt. 祷告discovervt. 发现mastern. 主人armchairn. 扶手椅stoutadj. (身体)肥壮的businessn. 事have no business to 无权(做某事) continue vt. & vi. 继续dependentn. 靠人生活的人Maman. 妈妈oughtmod. & v. 应当，应该strikevi. 打击；碰击。
许国璋电视英语教学第一册《第十三课》（一）课文：1)课文原文：A DAY AT COLLEGEWang Qing gets up very early. He dresses, washes, and goes out to do exercises in the fresh morning air. Then he has breakfast.For most of the morning he attends lectures or practices his English. After class hereads in the library or reviews his lessons.Lunch is at twelve. After lunch Wang Qing takes a nap. In the afternoon he doeshis homework and reads the newspaper. Then he has an hour for sports. He runsround the track or plays ball games.After supper he often goes for a walk in the college gardens. Sometimes he listensto the English broadcast. He goes to bed at half past ten.2)新单词:3)课文译文：校园一日王清起得很早。
他穿好衣、洗完脸，就走到室外，在清爽的晨风中做早操，然后去吃早饭。
上午的大部分时间他听课或者练习英语，课后他到图书馆看书，或者复习功课。
12点吃午饭，饭后王清休息一会儿。
下午他做作业、看报纸，随后有一小时的体育活动时间，他或者沿跑道跑跑步或者打打球。
晚饭后他常常去学校花园里散步，有时还收听英语广播。
晚上他预习功课，10点半睡觉。
课课练Unit8：Grammar and Integrating skills课前预习:无师自通Ⅰ.汉英翻译1.到底，真的，竟然_________2.为了纪念，为表示尊敬_________3.处理_________4.公共财产_________5.向……咬去，对……叫骂_________答案:1.at all 2.in honour of 3.deal with mon property 5.bite atⅡ.填空（将所给动词变成虚拟语气的适当形式）1.I wouldn’t have believed it if I__________ (not see) it with my own eyes.2.If you ___________(speak) more slowly,he might have understood you.3. ________I________ (see) the teacher last night,I__________ (ask) him about it.4.__________ he _________(ask) for me,tell him to phone me.5.I wish I__________ (know) what’s wrong with the machine.答案:1.hadn’t seen 2.had spoken 3.Had;seen;would have asked 4.Should;ask 5.knew课堂巩固:一点即通2.It’s a great pity that none could ________ that he was present at the spot when the accident took place.3.When she was shopping,s he hadn’t ________ the fact that she had only $300 left in her purse,which was intended for a plane ticket to France.4.Did you see how that car nearly hit me?I might _________.5.We ________ by heavy smog from seeing anything.6.College students _________ doing whatever work they can find.7.He asked me to ________ him at four o’clock in the afternoon.8.The bed clothes catch fire and the whole house may ________.答案:1.as if 2.witness 3.kept in mind 4.have been killed 5.were prevented 6.are seen7.call for 8.be burnt downⅡ.语法专项练习1.If he _________ me tomorrow,I would let him know.A.should callB.should not have been ableC.were not ableD.are not able答案：A提示：条件句表示与将来事实的虚拟。
许国璋英语第二册《第十一课》（一）课文：1)课文原文：THE STORY OF HELEN KELLERA person who is deaf when he is born, is usually dumb as well. There seems to benothing wrong with his mouth and tongue, but he cannot speak. This is because, as he is deaf, he cannot hear other people, and therefore has nothing to imitate. He may try tomake sounds himself, but he cannot hear his own voice. However, even though he findsit difficult to speak and cannot hear, he can see. He can therefore earn to read.Nowadays he can also be taught to speak because we have modern methods andequipment, but we did not have these when Helen Keller was born.Helen Keller was born in a small Alabama town in 1880. When she was nineteen months old, she fell ill and had a fever. She became blind and deaf. She could notcommunicate with anyone, and no one could communicate with her. she grew frustrated and angry. She threw things and broke things.Then in 1887, a teacher, Annie Sullivan arrived at the home of the Kellers to be Helen’s tutor. Though Miss Sullivan herself had been blind, she had been partly cured,and although she could not see very well, she was not blind. She remained as Helen’stutor and friend for fifty years.Miss Sullivan began to work with Helen. She taught her to make different movements with her fingers. The movements represented the letters of the alphabet.Helen learned to make the movements, but she did not understand their meaning, shedid not know that the letters were related to something in the world. But, one morningMiss Sullivan took Helen to a water pond, and she put Helen’s hand under the water. Atthe same time she spelled the letters w-a-t-e-r on Helen’s other hand. At that moment,Helen understood. Later in her life, she said.“Somehow the mystery of language was revealed to me. I knew then that w-a-t-e-r was the wonderful cool something flowing over my hand.”Helen was smart and learned quickly. Soon she knew many words. When she was eight years old, she went to a school for the blind in Boston, and she learned to read books written for blind people., she even went to college and had a full education.She wrote many books, too. Although other people had written books about her, people agreed her own books are the ones that best explain how it feels to be deaf, dumb and blind. Her best book is the Story of My Life. Perhaps you have read it. Though it was written in 1902, it still is a very exciting book. Even if you have not read it, you may have heard of Helen Keller.2)全文译文：海伦•凯勒的故事一个人在出生时就耳聋的话，一般他也会是个哑巴。
许国璋电视英语教学第一册《第二十三课》（一）课文：1)课文：TOW FRIENDS AND THE BEARTwo friends were travelling together through a forest. One of them said. “ If we meet any wild beasts. I’ll help you and you’ll help me”“ That’s fine.” Said his friend,and they walked on.Suddenly a big bear ran out from behind a tree. The man who said he would help his friend at once got up a tree and hid himself among the leaves. The other mancould not climb trees. So he threw himself on the ground, closed his eyes andpretended to be dead.The bear came up and sniffed at the man’s head. It put its nose close to his mouth and ears. The man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead and walkedaway, for bears never touch dead men.When the bear was gone, and all was safe, the man in the tree came down. Witha smile, he asked his friend, “ What did the bear tell you when he put his nose soclose to your ears?”“Well,” said his friend, “ the bear said,’Don’t trust those who leave their friends the moment they get into difficulty!”2)译文：两个朋友和熊两个朋友在一道旅行，穿过一座森林。
新概念英语第二册复习笔记第八课课文讲解nearly 几乎，差不多（同义词almost）1) 二者常用于肯定句中间She fell and nearly broke her neck. 她摔倒，几乎摔断了脖子。
or: She fell and almost broke her neck.eg. He nearly always arrives late. 他几乎总是迟到。
or: He almost always arrives late.2) almost 可与否定词连用eg. He almost ate nothing. 他几乎什么东西都没吃。
eg. There is almost no room to sit. 这儿几乎没有什么地方可坐。
3) nearly + 数词eg. The top prize is nearly ￡1000. 一等奖几乎是1000英镑。
与every一起复合而成的不定代词有everyone, everybody, everything，与之搭配的谓语动词用单数。
everyone 每个人eg. Everyone likes ice cream. 每个人都喜欢冰激淋。
eg. Everybody has come. 大家都来了。
everything 每一件事，每一件东西eg. Everything is ready. 一切准备就绪。
win + 比赛/奖品win the match 赢得比赛win the first prize 赢得一等奖on 表示相接触的上方on the tableon the wallover 在垂直上方，正上方eg. A lamp was hanging over the table. 一盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。
above 在…上方，高于eg. The flowers formed an archway above his head. 鲜花在他头上方形成一个拱形门。
Lesson 8 The best and the worst 最好的和最差的First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why is Joe's garden the most beautiful one in the town?Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!competition [ˌkɔmpiˈtiʃən] n. 比赛，竞赛neat [ni:t] adj. 整齐的，整洁的path [pɑ:θ] n. 小路，小径wooden [ˈwudn] adj. 木头的pool [pu:l] n. 水池乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的花园。
许国璋英语第二册《第八课》（一）课文：1)课文原文：THE GREAT PYRAMIDThe kings of ancient Egypt planned strong tombs to keep their bodies safe after death and to hold their treasures. Over these tombs huge stone pyramids were built.There are over 80 pyramids in Egypt, but the Great Pyramid is the largest of all.The Great Pyramid was built nearly five thousand years ago for a king called Khufu.It is located on the west bank of the Nile River, not far from Cairo. In fact, all thepyramids along the Nile are on its west bank. The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the beginning of life and the setting of sun to the end of life. This is whytheir dead were buried on the west bank of the Nile.古埃及的国王计划坚固的墓葬，以保护他们的尸体在死亡后保存他们的财宝。
在这些坟墓上建造了巨大的石头金字塔。
埃及有超过80座金字塔，但大金字塔是最大的金字塔。
大金字塔是在五千年前为一位名叫胡夫的国王建造的。
它位于尼罗河西岸，离开罗不远。
事实上，尼罗河上所有的金字塔都在它的西岸。
古埃及人把太阳的升起比作生命的开始，把太阳的设定比作生命的终点。
这就是为什么他们的尸体被埋葬在尼罗河西岸的原因。
It is very hard to realize just how big the Great Pyramid is. It has over 2,300,000 blocks of solid stone. These huge stone blocks weigh an average of two and a half tonseach, as much as a small car. Some even weight fifteen tons. Without machinery, theancient Egyptians cut and moved and lifted each of these stones. Many of the blockscame from the east bank of the Nile, and they were taken across the river in boats atflood time. It took more than 100,000 slaves twenty years to build the Great Pyramid.很难意识到大金字塔有多大。
它有2300000块坚固的石头。
这些巨大的石块平均重量为每平方米2.5吨，相当于一辆小汽车。
有的甚至重十五吨。
没有机器，古埃及人就砍掉和移动并举起每一块石头。
许多街区都是从尼罗河东岸来的，在洪水时期，他们在船上过河。
花了100000多名奴隶，二十年时间才建造了大金字塔。
They Great Pyramid is over 450 feet high today, and it was once higher, its base covered thirteen acres. Each of the sides of the pyramid is 755 feet long, or about as long as two city blocks. It takes about twenty minutes to walk all the way around the pyramid.Every king wanted his tomb to be the best. But Khufu outdid them all. The surfaceof his pyramid used to shine with smooth white limestone, and its top came to a sharp point. Inside, the body of Khufu rested in a great stone coffin. His body was preserved to last forever, and many treasures were buried with him.大金字塔今天有450英尺高，以前更高，其底部覆盖了十三英亩。
金字塔的每一边都有755英尺长，大约有两个街区。
绕金字塔走一周要花二十分钟左右。
每个国王都希望他的坟墓是最好的。
但胡夫胜过所有的人。
他的金字塔表面用光滑的白色石灰石发光，其顶部达到了一个尖峰。
在里面，胡夫的尸体躺在一个巨大的石棺里。
他的遗体被保存到永远，许多珍宝被埋葬在他身边。
Now after many centuries, the shining surface is worn away, and men have taken some of the huge stone blocks to build other things. Thieves have stolen the treasures, and they have stolen the body of Khufu himself. No doubt this is a matter for regret, but the same thing has happened to many other ancient tombs.Although the limestone surface is gone, the huge stones are exposed and you can climb them, like steps, to the top. When you have reached the top, you can see for miles about you. You can see the smaller pyramids and the Sphinx, the great stone statue of the lion with a human head. To the west you can see the Libyan Desert, and to the east you can see the green Nile Valley and the modern city of Cairo.经过几个世纪，光亮的表面被磨掉了，人们已经用了一些巨大的石块来建造其他的东西。
盗贼偷走了财宝，偷走了胡夫本人的尸体。
毫无疑问，这是一件值得遗憾的事，但同样的事情也发生在许多其他古墓中。
虽然石灰石表面已经消失，但巨大的石头被暴露出来，你可以像台阶一样爬上山顶。
当你到达山顶时，你可以看到几英里左右情况。
你可以看到较小的金字塔和狮身人面像，狮子的巨大石像和人头。
在西面，你可以看到利比亚沙漠，而在东方，你可以看到绿色尼罗河流域和开罗的现代城市。
2)全文译文：大金字塔古埃及的国王计划坚固的墓葬，以保护他们的尸体在死亡后保存他们的财宝。
在这些坟墓上建造了巨大的石头金字塔。
埃及有超过80座金字塔，但大金字塔是最大的金字塔。
大金字塔是在五千年前为一位名叫胡夫的国王建造的。
它位于尼罗河西岸，离开罗不远。
事实上，尼罗河上所有的金字塔都在它的西岸。
古埃及人把太阳的升起比作生命的开始，把太阳的设定比作生命的终点。
这就是为什么他们的尸体被埋葬在尼罗河西岸的原因。
很难意识到大金字塔有多大。
它有2300000块坚固的石头。
这些巨大的石块平均重量为每平方米2.5吨，相当于一辆小汽车。
有的甚至重十五吨。
没有机器，古埃及人就砍掉和移动并举起每一块石头。
许多街区都是从尼罗河东岸来的，在洪水时期，他们在船上过河。
花了100000多名奴隶，二十年时间才建造了大金字塔。
大金字塔今天有450英尺高，以前更高，其底部覆盖了十三英亩。
金字塔的每一边都有755英尺长，大约有两个街区。
绕金字塔走一周要花二十分钟左右。
每个国王都希望他的坟墓是最好的。
但胡夫胜过所有的人。
他的金字塔表面用光滑的白色石灰石发光，其顶部达到了一个尖峰。
在里面，胡夫的尸体躺在一个巨大的石棺里。
他的遗体被保存到永远，许多珍宝被埋葬在他身边。
经过几个世纪，光亮的表面被磨掉了，人们已经用了一些巨大的石块来建造其他的东西。
盗贼偷走了财宝，偷走了胡夫本人的尸体。
毫无疑问，这是一件值得遗憾的事，但同样的事情也发生在许多其他古墓中。
虽然石灰石表面已经消失，但巨大的石头被暴露出来，你可以像台阶一样爬上山顶。
当你到达山顶时，你可以看到几英里左右情况。
你可以看到较小的金字塔和狮身人面像，狮子的巨大石像和人头。
在西面，你可以看到利比亚沙漠，而在东方，你可以看到绿色尼罗河流域和开罗的现代城市。
3)课堂提问：（通过问题，更好理解课文内容）1.What were the pyramids built for?Pyramids were built as strong tombs to preserve the bodies of the kings ofancient Egypt.2.How long ago was the Great Pyramid built?The Great Pyramid was built nearly five thousand years ago.3.Why is the Great Pyramid together with all the other pyramids, located on thewest bank of the Nile River?Because the ancient Egyptians compared the beginning of life to sunrise and theend of life to sunset. Since the sun sets in the west, they buried their dead onthe west band of the Nile.4.Why have historians called the building of the Great Pyramid a great engineeringfeat?Because even today’s engineers have found it difficult to explain how it was built.They have also found it mystery how the ancient Egyptians lifted those hugestones without help of machinery.5.What happened to the Khufu’s tomb after many centuries?After many centuries, Khufu’s tomb was robbed. The treasures as well as Khufu’sbody were stolen.6.How can the tourists reach the top of the Great Pyramid?Since the limestone surface of the Great Pyramid has gone, the tourists canclimb the huge exposed stones, like steps, to the top.4)课堂笔记：1.The kings of ancient Egypt planned strong tombs to keep their bodies safe afterdeath.1）Keep+名词，形容词、现在分词等形成特定的词组结构Keep silence保持安静（+名词）Keep silent保持安静（+形容词）Keep a lookout继纽监视（+名词）Keep fit 保持健康（+形容词）The shops keep open l ate on Sunday evenings.星期天晚上这些商店很晚关门.（+形容词，表示：一直开着）The water in the river keeps rising.河水在不断上涨。
