初二春季班第三讲学案 李倩
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第三讲 Could you please clean your room?
一、知识梳理
（一）重点单词
1．sweep 2. mess 3. throw 4. neither 5. hate 6. while 7. stress
8. waste 9.provide 10.develop 11. since 12.neighbor 13.drop 14. Unfair
15. borrow & lend
borrow 是借进,规则动词,过去式,过去分词：borrowed borrowed
常用短语：borrow sth. from sb ./sp
lend是借出,不规则动词,过去式,过去分词：lent,lent
常用短语：lend sth. to sb. lend sb. sth.（通常跟双宾）
16.
spend的主语通常是人，句型有：
(1)(sb) spend some money/some time on sth
(2) (sb) spend some money/some time (in) doing sth 例如：
I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat.
我花50元买了这件大衣。
He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work.
他干这项工作用了3天。
(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……
例如：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
take常用于“占用、花费”时间，后面常跟双宾语，其主语通常为形式主语"it"或物。
句型有：
(1)It takes/took sb. some time to do sth
例如：It will take me two days to do the work. 这项工作将会花去我2天间。 (2)Doing sth./sth. takes sb. some time.
例如：The work will take me two days. 这项工作将会花去我2天时间。 Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. =Drawing the beautiful horses took me three years. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。
pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，句型有：
(1) sb. pays some money for sth
例如： I paid fifty yuan for the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 (2) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……
例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
(3) pay money back 还钱
例如：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。
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MORE FOCUS.MORE EXCELLENT! cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”。句型有：
1. sth. costs (sb.) +money 某物花了（某人）多少钱
例如：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 2. (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +time 某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间
例如：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。
（二）重点短语
1.take out the rubbish 2.sweep the floor 3. all the time 4. as soon as
5.in order to 6. make one’s bed 7. work on 8.at least 9. come over
10. as…as 11. a waste of 12. mind doing 13. get into 14. take care of
15. as a result 16.疑问词+to do 不定式 17. finish doing
(三) 重点句型
1.Could you please (not) do sth . ? 2. provide sb. with sth. 3. provide sth. for sth.
4.need to do 5.need doing(= need to be done) 6.It is+adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
7.invite sb. to do sth.
(四)重点语法
情态动词could 的用法
用法 内容 例句
礼貌性地提出要求 Could you do…?/Could you
please do…?意为“请你做…行吗？/麻烦你做…好吗？” Li Lei, could you please help me?
表示请求许可 Could I do …?意为“我可以做…吗？”用Could I do…?表示请求，对方回答时，不能用could,而要用can Could I come in?我可以进来吗？---Could I use your bicycle?---Yes,
of course you can.
对于请求的肯定与否定回答的常用语 肯定回答常用语：Certainly./Of course./
With pleasure./No problem./Yes,sure.
否定回答常用语：No, I can’t./Certainly not./
No,I’m afraid I can’t.
二、典例精讲
【典型例题1】(2015,孝感) ---Dick, ______________ I use your e-dictionary?
---Yes, sure.______________ you give it to David after you use it?
A. will, Would B. may, Might C. can, Could D. shall, Should
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【典型例题2】(2015,南充)---Could you please turn off the TV?
---_________________, I _________________. I want to watch the sports news.
A. No, couldn’t B. Sorry, can’t C. Sure, can D. Sorry, couldn’t
【典型例题3】(2013,无锡) Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs____________ so
that it can be reused.
A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting
【典型例题4】(2013福建福州) ---Nick, would you mind _______________ out of the
bathroom?
---Sorry. I won’t be long.
A. come B. to come C. coming
【典型例题5】(2015,南充)Roy thinks he works as _______________ as his friend Dan.
A. hardly B. harder C. hard D. more hardly
【典型例题6】(2014, 通辽) ---The light is still on in his room. Do you know__________?
---In order to practice for the English singing contest.
A. if he works hard B. when he is studying with
C. why he is so busy D. when he will stop working
【典型例题7】---Could I borrow your computer, Bob?
---Sorry, I am ____________ it.
A. taking out B. turning on C. working on D. working out
【典型例题8】Now all of us exercise at ______________ least _______________ hour a day
in and outside the school.
A. the, a B. a, an C. /, a D. /, an
【典型例题9】(2014, 曲靖) If you go hiking, _______________.
A. so I will B. so will I C. so I do D. so do I+++
【典型例题10】(,贵阳) In China and some other countries, it is impolite to speak loudly
