高考英语语法考点之并列连词和并列句
高考频度：★★★★★
考点详解
【命题解读】
连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语、谓语与谓语、句子与句子、分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用。
【命题预测】
预计2021年高考对连词的考查主要集中在简单句、并列句和各种复合句的掌握上，尤其是对连词的选择与使用上，如：and, but, or, while 等等。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握并列连词的基本用法；
2. 掌握并列连词的固定句型。
考向一 并列句
一、并列连词
1.表示并列关系的连词：
and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。
We are singing and they are dancing.
or
：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示＂和，与＂； 用于＂祈使句+or+陈述句＂中，意为＂否则，要不然＂。
The baby is too young. He can’t speak or walk.
both…and ：＂两个都……＂，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。
Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.
either…or…：＂要么……要么＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分作主语
时，谓语动词通常与or 后的部分保持一致。
Either she or I am right.
neither…nor: ＂既不……也不……＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分作主
语时，谓语动词通常与nor 后的部分保持一致。
Neither he nor I am right.
not only…but also: ＂不仅……而且……＂，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。 Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.
2. 表示转折关系的并列连词
but ＂但是＂，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。
Our school is small but beautiful.
while ＂然而，可是＂，表对比。
He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.
yet ＂但是，然而＂，用于转折。
I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。
3. 表示因果关系的并列连词
for ：
so ：
4. 其他常用并列连词
when ：＂就在那时＂，常用句型：
be about to do…when…
be going to do…when… be doing…when…
►I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
二、并列句
并列句由两个或者两个以上独立分句并列在一起构成， 起基本结构是 分句加并列连词加分句。
在并列句中， 除了使用并列连词以外还可以使用并列连词词组， 或者连接副词来连接分句，有时甚至不用并列连词， 只用逗号. 分号. 冒号等把分句隔开。
常用的并列连词有：and , but , or, for, so , neither, nor …
并列连词词组有：either…or, neither…nor, both…and, as well as, not only…but also…
连接副词有：besides, furthermore, moreover …
＂由于，因为＂，表示原因，不能放在句首，也不能单独使用；for 引导的从句不能位于not ，but 或任何连词之后。 The days were short, for it was now December.
＂因此，所以＂，表示结果，so 不能和because 连用。 There were no buses, so I came by bicycle.
1.表示联合关系
常用and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词
There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.
I can neither write songs nor play the guitar.
2.表示选择关系
常用or, either …or 等连词
We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.
…either one of his daughters replaces him as a prisoner in the castle, or he will die. …
3.表示转折和对比关系
常用yet，but，however，while 等
but表示完全转折，语气较强。while主要表示对比。however在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他成分隔开。yet既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。
Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
They wanted to charge ﹩5,000 for the car, but we managed to bring the price down.
In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.
One can not see wind, however, it does exist.
I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.
The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.
He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)
It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)
4.表示因果关系
常用so，for，therefore等连接词
I didn’t get enough sleep so I didn’t feel very well this morning.
It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.
He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.
5.表示条件或者结果
常用and或者or等连词
Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.
Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .
