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人教版初二上册英语学问点总结归纳八年级〔初二〕上册英语语法、短语和学问点总结归纳Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：(1)左边的some、any、every、no 与右边的body、one、thing 构成不定代词，some、any、every、no 与右边的疑问副词where 构成不定副词;(2)一般状况下以some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句，以any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否认句、疑问句;以no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否认含义(no one 为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do. 他有重要的事情要做。
(确定句用something，形容词important 放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special 放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month? 上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting 放后)(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。
Everone is here today.今日每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和学问点：1.go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains 上山/进山2.s tay at home 呆在家go to the beach 去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营3. study for tests 为考试而学习\备考go out 出去4. quite a few 相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos 照相most of the time大局部时间5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物6.taste good. 尝起来很好taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词7.h ave a good\great\fun time 过得快活，玩得开心(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping 去购物9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。
人教版初二英语八年级上册Unit4知识点Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?【重点语法】1. 形容词最高级：用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。
标志词：表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可省略the。
2. 表示“三者（或以上）中最……的”的句型1）A + be + the 形容词最高级+ 表示范围（in/of介词短语）2）A + 实意动词+ (the) 副词最高级+ 表示范围的of/in介词短语3. 常用句式1) Who/ Which…+ 最高级…, A, B or C ?2) one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数形式, 意为“最…之一”。
3）序数词后跟形容词最高级【重点短语】1. so far 到目前为止，迄今为止2. no problem 没什么，别客气3. have….in common 有相同特征（想法、兴趣等方面）相同4. be up to 由…...决定/是…...的职责5. all kinds of … 各种各样的……6. play a role in doing sth./sth. 发挥作用，有影响7. make up 编造（故事、谎言等）8. for example=e.g. 例如9. take …..seriously 认真对待10. not everybody 并不是每个人11. close to 离..….近12. more and more 越来越……【词语辨析】1. How do you like+名/代/V-ing=What do you think of ：“ 你认为…怎么样？”2. Thanks for=Thankyou for +名/代/V-ing:“感谢…”3. You’re welcome.=Not at all. 不客气4. talent 名（可）天赋talent show 才艺表演talented adj. 有天赋的be talented in 在......方面有天赋5. be good at 擅长… (＝do well in)反义短语：be poor / weak in 在...方面薄弱be good for 对……有益，后跟人或事物；其反义短语是be bad forbe good to 对……好(和善；慈爱)，相当于befriendly to，后面通常接人6. all kinds of 各种各样的different kinds of 不同种类的a kind of 一种…...* kind of 有点+adj.：kind of boring / fat /thin7. win vt. 赢得+奖品winner n. 赢者8. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事watch doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事9. 举例：such as 常列举几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and so on(等等)连用；like 可和such as互换；for example 一般只列举一个，作插入语用逗号隔开，可置于句首/句中/句末。
人教版八年级上册英语Unit4单元知识点总结Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater?知识点1. choose—chose—chosenv. 选择，挑选choose (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事例：He chose not to go to the park. 他决定不去公园了choice 选择make a choice 做选择have no choice but to do sth.= have nothing but do sth 除了做…外别无他法/选择例：He has no choice but to stay at home. 他只能呆在家里2. common n. 与…相同adj. 普遍的，共同的have sth. in common 在某方面（嗜好或观念）有共同点例：He and his brother have nothing in common. 他和他哥哥毫无共同点We have common interests 我们有共同的兴趣。
3. role n.角色play an important role in sth./ doing sth.在某事当中扮演重要角色；在做某事当中发挥重要作用leading role 主角role play 角色扮演4. make up编造（故事，谎言等）make up lies 编造谎言组成占make up a team 组建一个团队化妆make up your face 给你的脸化妆;make sb./oneself up给某人/自己化妆5. seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地；认真地take sth. seriously 认真对待某事6. fun n.& adj. 有乐趣be fun to do sth. 做某事有乐趣have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快make fun of 与某人开玩笑7. crowded adj. 拥挤的be crowded with 挤满……crowd n. 群众8.in the city 在城市in the country在乡村，在农村city/country前加定冠词the例：Do you like living in town or in the city?你喜欢住在城镇还是住在城市里？9.go to town去镇上go to the city去城里10. close 近的，接近的既可指时间，也可以指空间上的关；关闭亲密的反义词：far 近义词：near（be）close to 离……近例：The post office is close to the park. 邮局离公园近He sat close to us. 他挨着我们坐be close to home. 离家近11. It’s interesting to do sth. 做某事有趣它是It’s +adj+to do sth.句型的一种形式，it 作形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语12.watch sb.do sth.观看某人做了某事或经常观看某人做某事强调“观看动作的全过程”（动作已完成）watch sb.doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事”强调“动作正在进行hear，see, feel, notice 等感官动词的用法与watch一致13. no problem 不用客气（主要用于美国英语）没问题例：---Thank you.--- No problem/Not at all/ You are welcome.---Could you post me for this letter? --- No problem.14.all kinds of 各种类型的，各种各样的kind 种类，类别可数名词different kinds of 不同种类的kind of 有点儿= a little. 修饰形容词或副词例：I feel kind of hungry. 我感觉有点饿kind 形容词和蔼的be kind to “对…和蔼”15. be up to sb. 是某人的责任，由某人决定It’s up to sb. to do sth.例：It’s up to me to help you with English. 帮助你学习英语是我的职责16. not 与all，both，every及含有every的不定代词等连用时，是否定一部分例：Not all the students like English.并不是所有的学生都喜欢英语However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows.然而，并不是所有的人都喜欢看这些节目Not everyone is interested in this movie.并不是每个人都对这部电影感兴趣。
人教版八年级上学期Unit4语法和词法梳理形容词和副词的最高级基本句型：（“the+最高级”,一般带有表示比较范围的介词短语，比如：in our class, of the three 等。
）主语+ be +形容词最高级+ （比较范围）Wang Lin is the tallest in our class.王琳是我们班最高的。
主语+谓语动词+副词最高级+ （比较范围）副词的最高级前the可以省略。
Liu Xiang runs fastest in China.刘翔最中国跑得最快。
表示“最......之一” 的句式，要用one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.上海市中国最美丽的城市之一。
当最高级前面有物主代词，名词所有格或其他修饰词时，不加定冠词the。
Tom is Lucy's best friend.汤姆是露西的最好的朋友。
最高级前可加序数词。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
表示三者或三者以上比较，可用Which/Who ...+最高级A, B or C ?Which runs fastest, the horse, the sheep or the elephant?马，羊和大象，哪一个跑得最快？It，s the closest to home.close用法：作形容词，意为'近的,靠近的,接近的,亲密的",反义词为far,意为"远的，, 近义词是near。
closet。
意为"靠近，接近"，相当于next to。
作副词，在（be） close t。
结构中，意为"紧紧地，接近地”。
The boy are sitting close together.His home is close to the school.I live close to the bus station.作动词，意为'关上,关闭",反义词为。
Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater?一、重点短语1. a movie theater电影院2. close to 离…近3. a clothes store服装店4. in town在镇上5. so far 到目前为止6. a talent show才艺表演7. more and more 越来越….. 8. around the world世界各地9. have…in common有相同特征10. and so on等等11. all kinds of 各种各样的12. be up to由…决定13. play a role 发挥作用，有影响14. not everyone 并不是每个人都15. make up编造（故事，谎言等）16. for example例如17. take…seriousl认真对待….. 18. come true实现二、用法集萃1. Can I ask you some…? 我能问你一些….吗？2. How do you like…?/ what do you think of….? 你认为…怎么样？3. Thank you for doing sth 因做某事而感谢4. much+形容词或副词的比较级….得多5. watch sb do sth 观看某人做过某事6. play a role in doing sth 在做某事方面发挥作用7. give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物8. one of + 可数名词复数形式….之一三、要点全解Section Afortable seats舒适的座位⑴comfortable 形容词，意为“使人舒适的；舒服的”，其反义词是uncomfortable. 其比较级和最高级分别为more comfortable, most comfortable.●This is a comfortable chair.这是一把舒适的椅子。
格式Unit 4语法篇形容词副词最高级的特殊用法（ 1）最高级前可用序数词，二者共同修饰后面的名词，其结构为：the+ 序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长的河。
（ 2）最高级前可加one of，即：one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最? .的之一。
He is one of the smartest students in this school.他是这所学校中最聪明的学生之一（ 3）有时被最高级修饰的名词前还可用不定冠词，但这时不含比较的意思，只是表示非常很。
：如Their performance was a greatest success.他们的演出非常成功。
1.English is one of_______ spoken in the world.A. the important languagesB. the most important languagesC. most important languageD. the most important language2.— Tom, are you ________ boy in your class?— No, but John is. I'm shorter than him.A. the tallestB. the shortestC. the youngestD. the oldest3.She prefers football because she thinks it's ________ among all sports.A. interestingB. more interestingC. the most interesting4. --- Who ran of all in the sports meeting?--- Hector did, I think.A. fastB. fasterC. the fastestD. more fast5. The Changjiang River is longer than river in China.A. anotherB. anyC. otherD. any other1.黄河是中国的第二长的河。
环球雅思教育学科教师讲义副校长/组长签字：签字日期：Chｉna...)如Tara is the yoｕngest of alｌ. 塔拉在所有人中最年轻。
Ｌindaｄrawｓ(tｈe) ｍost carefｕlly iｎher clasｓ．琳达是班里绘画最认真的。
注：1)副词的最高级前可省略“ｔhe”:如：siｔ(the)ｍｏｓt comfｏrtaｂly 坐得最舒适2)最高级前有其它的限定词时,不加“the”。
如：my beｓt fｒieｎｄ２．Ｗhich ／Who …＋the +最高级…，Ａ，B or C?e.g. Whicｈdo you like(tｈe) bｅst，ａppｌeｓ，ｐeａrs or ｏranｇｅｓ? 苹果、梨和橘子中你最喜欢哪个？３. ｏnｅoｆ+the +最高级（形)+名（复)e.g. Jａck Chｅn ｉｓone of the most ｆaｍous ａcｔors iｎｔhe woｒld.成龙是世上最著名的演员之一。
4．ｔｈe+序数词+最高级（形）＋名（单):e.g. Hainan ｉs tｈｅｓecｏｎd lａrgest island ｉnＣhina. 海南是中国第二大岛。
5. This isｔhe +最高级(形)＋名（单）+ ｔhａt 从句:e.g. Ｔhis is thｅworｓtｍovie thａt I hａvｅevｅr seen. 这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影。
6． a +最高级(形)+ 名（单）: 表示..．非常e．g. Spｒinｇis a best seaｓon.春天是最好的季节。
三．原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换1、原级与比较级的转换：比较级+tｈaｎ→ ｎot...aｓ／sｏ．．.as..．ｅ.g. He spｅaks more louｄly tｈａｎmｅ.→I ｄｏn‘t speａｋａｓ/so ｌoudlｙas hｅ/hiｍ.。
Unit 4语法篇形容副最高的特殊用法（ 1）最高前可用序数，二者共同修后面的名，其构：the+序数 +形容最高 +名数。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二的河。
（ 2）最高前可加one of ，即： one of +the + 形容最高 +名复数，表示最⋯.的之一。
He is one of the smartest students in this school. 他是所学校中最明的学生之一（3）有被最高修的名前可用不定冠，但不含比的意思，只是表示非常很。
如：Their performance was a greatest success. 他的演出非常成功。
1. English is one of_______ spoken in the world.A. the important languagesB. the most important languagesC. most important languageD. the most important language2.—Tom, are you ________ boy in your class?—No, but John is. I'm shorter than him.A. the tallestB. the shortestC. the youngestD. the oldest3. She prefers football because she thinks it's ________ among all sports.A. interestingB. more interestingC. the most interesting4. --- Who ran of all in the sports meeting?--- Hector did, I think.A. fastB. fasterC. the fastestD. more fast5. The Changjiang River is longer than river in China.A. anotherB. anyC. otherD. any other1.黄河是中国的第二的河。
语法小结1、形容词和副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或物相比较。
例如：He is the tallest of the three boys.他是三个男孩中最高的。
{形容词最高级之前要加the (有物主代词时除外），副词最高级前the 可以省略}2、形容词和副词的最高级变化规则：①多数单音节形容词词尾加est 例如longest tallest cleanest②以e结尾的单音节形容词加st 例如largest latest nicest③以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，双写这个辅音字母，est 例如biggest hottest thinnest④以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的形容词变y为i，加est例如easiest busiest angriest⑤两个或两个以上音节的形容词为most + 形容词原级例如most beautiful most important3、部分形容词转化为副词时在其后加ly，例如quietly---quietly comfortable---comfortably cheap---cheaply careful---carefully重要词组1.be close to 接近2.buy tickets quickly 快速买票3.the best clothes store 最好的服装店4.radio station 无线电台5.play the most boring songs 播放最无聊的音乐6.so far 到目前为止7.talent show 才艺表演8.more and more popular 越来越来受欢迎9.around the world 世界各地10.have …in common 有相同特征11.try to do sth 尽力做某事12.look for 寻找13.and so on 等等14.all kinds of 各种各样15.be up to 是…职责16.play a role( in doing sth) （在做某事上）发挥作用17.make up 编造18.for example 例如19. take …seriously 认真对待e true 实现。
U nit 4What’s t he bes t movie t heater?1.短语归纳①so fa r到目前为止，迄今为止②no prob lem 没什么，别客气⑦make up编造（故事、谎言等）⑧for example=eg例如，③have….in common 有相同特征（想法、兴趣等方面）相同⑨take …..seriously 认真对待④be up to由…决定/是…的职责⑤all kinds of …各种各样的……⑥play a ro le发挥作用，有影响⑩not everybody 并不是每个人11c lose to离….近12more and more越来越……2.典句必背①Can I ask you some ques t ions?我能问你一些问题吗？②I t has the most comfor tab le sea t s.它有最舒服的座位。
③Ho w do you l i ke i t so fa r?到目前为止你认为它怎么样？⑥It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。
⑦Al l these shows have one th ing in com mon.所有这些节目有一个共同之处。
⑧That’s up to you to dec ide.这由你来决定。
3.用法集萃(1)It’s the c losest to ho me.它离家最近。
❖c lose作形容词时，意为“（空间时间上）近的”，常构成固定搭配be c lose to，意为“离...近”。
例：The supermarke t i s c lose to my house.超市离我家很近。
❖拓展c lose作形容词时，还可意为“（关系）密切的，亲密的”She i s a c lose f r i end o f the i r s.她是他们的挚友。
Unit 4 语法篇形容词副词最高级的特殊用法〔1〕最高级前可用序数词，二者共同修饰后面的名词，其构造为：the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长的河。
〔2〕最高级前可加one of ，即：one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最….的之一。
He is one of the smartest students in this school. 他是这所学校中最聪明的学生之一〔3〕有时被最高级修饰的名词前还可用不定冠词，但这时不含比拟的意思，只是表示非常很。
如：Their performance was a greatest success. 他们的演出非常成功。
1. English is one of_______ spoken in the world.A. the important languagesB. the most important languagesC. most important languageD. the most important language2. —Tom, are you ________ boy in your class"—No, but John is. I'm shorter than him.A. the tallestB. the shortestC. the youngestD. the oldest3. She prefers football because she thinks it's ________ among all sports.A. interestingB. more interestingC. the most interesting4. --- Who ran of all in the sports meeting"--- Hector did, I think.A. fastB. fasterC. the fastestD. more fast5. The Changjiang River is longer than river in China.A. anotherB. anyC. otherD. any other1. 黄河是中国的第二长的河。
The Yellow River is ________________river in China.2. 你是你们班最高的学生之一吗" 〔词数不限〕Are you in your class"3. 李梅比她班里的其他任何学生都高。
Li Mei is taller student in her class.4. 李明是我们队个子最高的队员，他〔球〕打得也最棒。
Li Ming is player in our team, and he plays .5. 天安门广场比任何其他广场都大。
Tian'anmen Square is bigger than square in Beijing.6. 位于中心大街的那家超市拥有最好的效劳。
The supermarket on the Center Street has service.7. 城里哪家店的衣服最贵？Which has the clothes "8. 你们认为这个城市的空气怎么样？do you the air in the city"9. 我的相机比你的价格廉价得多。
My camera is yours.10. 成龙是最受欢送的动作片演员之一。
Jackie Chan is one of action movie actors.一、单项选择〔共5小题；共5.0分〕1. Which is , the sun, the earth or the moon"A. bigB. biggerC. the biggestD. biggest2. Of all the cities, Dalian is .A. very beautifulB. the most beautifulC. beautifulerD. beauty3. He is the most popular all the players.A. inB. ofC. onD. /4. The store sells their clothes in town.A. cheapestB. the cheapestC. the most cheaplyD. the cheapliest5. --- A number of volunteers willing to teach in China's rural areas.--- Yes, the number is getting .A. is; bigger and biggerB. are; bigger and biggerC. is; more and moreD. are; more and more二、完形填空〔共10小题；共15.0分〕Are the days 6 in summer or in winter" In China the days7 longer in summer. There are 8 than si*teen 9 of daylight in the middle 10 summer. In 11 there are only about eight hours of12 . When is the weather warmest in China" It is the 13 during the summer months. During the winter it is often very 14 . In spring and autumn the weather is usually neither very hot nor very cold. The south has a 15 summer. The north has a cold winter.6. A. longer B. longest C. long D. short7. A. is B. am C. are D. be8. A. many B. much C. most D. more9. A. days B. hours C. years D. months10. A. of B. on C. at D. for11. A. spring B. winter C. summer D. autumn12. A. day B. light C. daylight D. clouds13. A. hot B. hottest C. hotter D. cold14. A. wet B. hot C. cool D. cold15. A. wind B. rain C. hot D. warm一、单项选择1. --- Tom, do you like playing piano"--- No. I like playing chess.A. a; theB. the; /C. /; theD. the; a2. Would you please pass those magazines"A. weB. usC. ourD. ours3. stay with your uncle this winter holiday"A. Are you going toB. Do youC. Were you going toD. Are you4. --- your summer vacation"--- I loved every minute of it.A. How isB. How did you think ofC. What wasD. How did you like5. This year we will have holiday.A. a 8 daysB. a 8-dayC. an 8-dayD. an 8-days6. --- did you surf the internet"--- Twice a week.A. How many timesB. How longC. How oftenD. How soon7. The old man told me there. It was very dangerous.A. not goB. to goC. not goingD. not to go8. --- National Day is ing. Do you have any plans"--- Yes. I a second language.A. am going to learnB. was learningC. learntD. am learnt9. My father loves football. He often late into night to watch games on TV.A. go to bedB. wakes upC. falls asleepD. stays up10. --- She sent some flowers to you.--- I'm not going to them because I'm still angry with him.A. acceptB. receiveC. getD. have11. you half an hour this newspaper.A. Take; to readB. Cost; to readC. Use; to readD. Take; reading12. There a sports meeting after National Day.A. are going to beB. is havingC. is going to haveD. is13. Correcting mistakes in your e*ercise is a good of learning.A. advantageB. goalC. helpD. habit14. --- Hello, may I speak to Tim"--- Sorry, he isn't in. "A. I am Lucy. Can I leave a messageB. This is Lucy. Can I leave a messageC. I am Lucy. Can I take a messageD. This is Lucy. Can I take a message二、完形填空At 18, I left my home and studied history at Leeds University in England. It was a hard time in my 15 as I was learning to deal with the pain of my father's recent death.One day at the marker, I saw an elderly gentleman having difficulty holding onto both his walking stick and his bag of apples. l rushed over and 16 him."Thanks. Don't worry, I'm quite all right now," he said, smiling at me with a pair of bright eyes."May I walk with you"" I asked and so began my friendship with Mr. Burns, a man whose17 and warmth very soon came to mean great deal to me.When we arrived at this house, I insisted on helping him prepare for his meal and asked if it would be all right if I came back again. I thought I should help him. With a smile he replied, "I've never been one to18 an offer from a kind-hearted girl."I visited Mr. Burns twice a week, always on the same days and at the same time. I told Mr. Burns regretful I felt about being 19 with my father two weeks before his death.After about a month, when I went to his house at a different time, I saw him working in his garden, moving around 20 . I was very surprised."How"" I began, "I thought...""I know what you thought. When you first saw me at the market, I hurt my ankle earlier that day.""But… When were you able to 21 normally again"""Ah, no long after our first meeting.""But 22 "" I asked."When you came around for the second time, I saw how unhappy you were feeling23 and sad. I knew you were telling yourself that you were visiting me for my sake and not your own.I didn't think you would e back if you knew I was 24 and I knew you really needed someone to talk to, and someone who knew how to 25 ."Mr. Burns, the man I'd set out to help, helped me. He gave the gift of his time and kindness to a young girl who needed 26 .15. A. family B. life C. world D. education16. A. held B. reached C. helped D. pushed17. A. smile B. luck C. wele D. hope18. A. remember B. forget C. accept D. refuse19. A. strict B. angry C. satisfied D. pleased20. A. easily B. directly C. carefully D. safely21. A. travel B. walk C. run D. go22. A. when B. what C. why D. how23. A. shameful B. hurt C. lonely D. tired24. A. happy B. poor C. busy D. healthy25. A. imagine B. discuss C. read D. listen26. A. both B. all C. neither D. none三、阅读理解Last year, Wang Ming was away from school for more than four weeks. This year he doesn't ask for leave at all. Now he is taller and much healthier than he was before. He always gets to school very early. Sometimes he is the earliest to get to class. His home is a little farther from school and it often takes him half an hour to walk to school every day. He says, "It's good for my health to walk every day." He usually goes to bed before ten o'clock at night. He never watches TV for more than one hour every day. He does about si* hours of sports every week. He drinks milk, eats a lot of fruit and vegetables every day.27. Last year Wang Ming was away from school because he .A. had something important to doB. was illC. didn't want to go to schoolD. was busy28. Now he is getting .A. taller and much healthierB. tall and healthierC. much fatter and healthierD. much fatter and taller29. How does he go to school every day"A. By bike.B. By bus.C. On foot.D. By car.30. What does he often have every day"A. Fruit.B. Vegetables.C. Milk.D. A, B and C.31. Which sentence is NOT true"A. He often does e*ercise.B. He has good eating habits.C. He goes to bed early.D. He usually watches TV for too long.。
