第４１卷第５期
２０１８年５月合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）JOURNAL OF HEFEI UNIVERSITY OF T ECHNOLOGY Vol ．４１No ．５ May ２０１８
收稿日期：２０１６‐０８‐０４；修回日期：２０１６‐０９‐０９
作者简介：徐得潜（１９６０－），男，安徽青阳人，博士，合肥工业大学教授，硕士生导师．DOI ：１０．３９６９／j ．issn ．１００３‐５０６０．２０１８．０５．０１３
微喷灌管网几种水力计算方法比较与分析
徐得潜， 唐冬云
（合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院，安徽合肥 ２３０００９）
摘 要：目前微灌规范中介绍的多口系数法只适用于规则管网的水力计算，为了进一步完善微喷灌管网水力计算方法的适用范围，文章采用管系特性系数法和逐次逼近法进行计算，并与多口系数法进行了比较。算例分析表明，２种方法均适用于不同布置形式的微喷灌管网水力计算，可以通过直接计算流量偏差率来验证设计的合理性。规则布置时，文中采用的２种方法和多口系数法的流量偏差率分别为１１．１３％和１１．７３％；非规则布置时，２种方法计算的流量偏差率为１３．４４％；所用方法有一定适用性，对微喷灌非规则管网的水力计算具有较好的参考意义。
关键词：微喷灌管网；水力计算；管系特性系数法；逐次逼近法；非规则布置
中图分类号：S ２７５．５ 文献标识码：A 文章编号：１００３‐５０６０（２０１８）０５‐０６４７‐０６
Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎａｎｄａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｉｒｒｉｇａｔｉｏｎｐｉｐｅｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ
XU Deqian ， T ANG Dongyun
（School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering ，Hefei U niversity of T echnology ，Hefei ２３０００９，China ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Currently ，the multi ‐coefficient hydraulic calculation method recommended by the microirri ‐g ation specifications is only applied to equally spaced pipe network ．In order to improve the application scope of the microirrigation pipe network hydraulic calculation ，p iping characteristic coefficient and successive approximation methods were presented to calculate microirrigation pipe network ，and com ‐p ared with the multi ‐coefficient method ．T he result of a numerical example showed that these two methods of hydraulic calculation were applicable to pipe network with different arrangement ，the e ‐mitter discharge deviation could be directly calculated to verify the rationality of the design ．When the p ipe network was regularly arranged ，the discharge deviation calculated through the two methods and the multi ‐coefficient method was １１．１３％and １１．７３％，respectively ，the discharge deviation calculat ‐ed through the two methods was １３．４４％w hen irregularly arranged ．T he two methods have certain applicability ，and provide a good reference for the hydraulic calculation of irregularly arranged microir ‐rigation pipe network ．Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：microirrigation pipe network ；hydraulic calculation ；p iping characteristic coefficient meth ‐od ；successive approximation method ；irregular arrangement
微喷灌管网是微喷灌系统的重要组成部分，是
由支、毛管和灌水器组成的多孔出流灌水单元，其
孔口流量、压力沿程分布并不均匀。为了简化水力
计算，在假设毛管流量随管道长度线性递减的基础
上，Christiansen 提出用多口系数法计算管段的沿程水头损失［１］；之后很多研究者在此基础上进行了多口系数的修正。在假设有无限多个出流孔口，且出流量相等的情况下，文献［２］推导出能量坡度曲万方数据