book 1 unit4定语从句 教师版
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Attributive Clause定语从句（Ⅰ）教师版
by Zhao Qing Liu Guomei and Zhou Chan
Learning aims:
1. 认识和理解定语和定语从句并熟记使用规则。
2. 通过练习提高运用能力。
I. 定语从句的认识
定义： 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
分类： 定语从句有两种：限制性定语从句（先行词与定语从句间无逗号）和非限制性从句（先行词与定语从句间有逗号）。有些非限制性定语从句可放在先行词前。
其他： 引导定语从句的有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主语从句，指代先行词和在从句中做句子成分的三重作用。
Example:
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man 和everything
是被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词，其后的黑体部分为定语从句，其中who 和that 叫关系代词。关系代词代替前面的先行词，在定语从句中做主语，宾语和定语等，作宾语时可以省略。
Ⅱ. 关系词
关系代词有：which， that， who.，whom.(宾格)， whose（所有格），as
关系副词有： when， where ，why
关系词 指代 作用
who 人 主语，宾语
whom 人 宾语，表语
which 物 主语，宾语，表语
that 人，物 主语，宾语，表语
whose 人，物 定语
when, where, why 时间，地点，原因 状语
关系代词
1. 关系代词who
关系代词who指人，在从句中多做主语
The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. （指人，在从句中做主语）
The boy who broke the window is called Tom （指人，在从句中做主语）
The girl who I saw is called Mary. (指人，在从句中做_宾语_，可省略)
2. 关系代词whom
关系代词whom 在从句中做宾语，可以省略
The girl whom I saw is called Mary. (指人，在从句中做宾语，可省略)
This is the young man whom I met yesterday. (指人，在从句中做宾语，可省略)
3. 关系代词whose
关系代词whose 为关系代词who 的所有格形式，先行词即可为人也可为物。
He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (=the book’s name)
= He has written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten.
=He has written a book of which I’ve forgotten the name.
4. 关系代词which
关系代词which （指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。）
They planted some trees which didn’t need much water.（ 指物，在从句中做主语）
The fish which we bought this morning were not fresh. （指物，在从句中做宾语, 可省略）
He has written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. (指物，在从句中做宾语，介词后不可省略)
5. 关系代词 that
关系代词that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。
She is the girl that sells newspapers. （指人，在从句中做主语）
The noodles that I cooked were delicious. （指物，做宾语，可省略)
Ⅲ。特殊情况
1.只用that的情况
范句观察
①. He told me everything (that) he knows.
②. All the books (that) you offered have been given out.(分发)
③ This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
④. We talked about the person and things that we remember.
⑤. He is the only man that I want to see.
规则归纳：
① .先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, something, little, much等。
② .先行词被all, any, each ,every, much, little, some, few, no, the only, the very等修饰时。
③ .先行词前有形容词最高级，序数词修饰时。 ④ .先行词是人和物
2. 不用that 的情况
例句观察：
① He has a son, who has gone abroad （海外）for further study.
② The hotel in which we stayed wasn’t very clean.
③ Tom is the person with whom I am working.
④ Those who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
规则归纳：
①.非限制性定语从句中不用that，指人用who(主语)/whom(宾语)
②. 有“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，只用which（物）或whom（人）
③. one, ones, those或any one 做先行词，常用who
3. the way 作先行词时，表示“…的方式/方法”,引导词常用 in which, that 或省略。
例句：
The way (省略)/ that/in which you talked to your teacher was impolite.
翻译：_你和你老师说话的方式很不礼貌________________________________________
Ⅳ.精选精炼，当堂巩固 （独立完成，多加总结）
一． 用that, which, who, whom ,或whose填空
1. This is the young man who/whom I met yesterday.
2. The boys who/that wanted to play football were sad when it rained.
3. It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.
4. It’s a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.
5. I still remember the days that/which we spent together last summer.
6. I bought a watch which/that is advertised(宣传) on TV.
7. This is the most expensive book that is sold in this shop.
8. Do you agree with everything (that ) he said at the meeting?
9. Mary was late for class again, which made her teacher very angry.
10. This is the only shop that sells this kind of machine.
11. I have read all the books __that_____ you gave me.
12. There is no difficulty __that_ can’t be overcome（克服） in the world.
13. This is the first thing _that I want to say.
14. He keeps a record of everything that he had seen there.
15. The TV play I watched last night is the best one that I have watched this year.
16. Tell us about the people and the places that are different from us.
17. This is the very thing that I care about.
18. Any person that has the money can join the group.
二．合并句子
1. I remembered the city.
I visited the city last year.
I remembered the city which/that I visited last year.
