BEC Writing Section 2

bec高级真题集2答案解析BEC高级真题集2答案解析一、简介BEC高级真题集2是备考商务英语高级考试的重要参考资料之一。

本文将对BEC高级真题集2中的答案进行解析，以帮助考生更好地理解和应对考试。

本文将从阅读理解、听力、口语和写作四个部分展开讨论。

二、阅读理解解析在阅读理解部分，BEC高级真题集2包含了多篇商务文章供考生阅读，并提供了相应的问题。

考生需要仔细阅读文章，理解文章的主旨和细节，并根据问题选择正确的答案。

阅读理解解析是考生备考BEC高级阅读部分的关键。

考生应注意文章中的关键词，以帮助找到正确答案。

此外，考生还需要注意文章结构和作者观点的表达方式。

理解文章的目的和作者态度也是解答问题的重要指引。

三、听力解析在听力部分，BEC高级真题集2提供了一系列商务英语对话和短文。

考生需要仔细听取录音内容，并回答相关问题。

听力解析是备考BEC高级听力部分的有效方法。

考生应注重听力材料中的关键信息，包括关键词、数字和具体细节。

同时，考生还需要提高听取信息的速度和准确性。

可以通过多次听取和模拟真实考试场景来提升听力技巧。

四、口语解析BEC高级真题集2的口语部分包括两个对话和一个演讲部分。

考生需要根据听到的对话或演讲内容回答相关问题，并进行口头表达。

口语解析是备考BEC高级口语部分的重要方法。

考生在备考口语时应注意提高语音、语调和语速的表达能力，以及理解并回答问题的能力。

同时，考生还需要拓展词汇量和练习自由表达，以在口语考试中得分。

五、写作解析BEC高级真题集2的写作部分包含了两个写作任务，分别为报告和信函。

考生需要根据要求和所提供的信息，写出相应的商务英语写作内容。

写作解析是备考BEC高级写作部分的关键。

考生在备考写作时应注重提高组织结构的能力，包括段落划分和逻辑连接。

同时，考生还需注意选择合适的词汇和句式，并避免语法和拼写错误。

多练习写作任务，并结合范文进行模仿和比较，可以提高写作能力。

六、总结BEC高级真题集2是备考商务英语高级考试的重要参考资料之一。

BEC2 参考范文Sample Answer for Test 2 & 3 (模拟题集)Test-2Part 1To:Subject: Presentation SeminarDear Mr. Jason,For the increasing workload concerning/about presentation, I sense the need to join a related seminar.This seminar is hosted by New-Oriental and composed with/of details of presentation, which is believed to be valuable to my future work.May I ask your permission for a day off to attend this event?Best wishes,JorvikFrom recent news, we learn that the New Dell training centre will host a seminar on presentation skills on Friday.My clients all require me to do a presentation for our products before we can sign the contract.Would you allow me to ask one day off to attend it for better presentation skills? Thank you in advance.Part 2(184)Report on recent developments in the market of sports goodsReport on recent and future developmentINTRODUCTIONThis report aims to assess/address/stress current and future situation in sports goods market.Bada worldwide.FINDINGSAt present,our greatest market is North America, where we sell/sold about 44% of our goods. It is followed by Europe (26%), South America(19%), andAsia/Pacific(11%).As can be seen in the chart(2002), North America was our biggest market with 44% sales distribution, followed by Europe (26%), South America(19%), andAsia/Pacific(11%).If we compare our results with competitors, we can see that in the 2002 we have become the second largest retailer with a turnover of $60 million, whereas in year 2001 we were in third place with $40 million. We are the only company which succeded in increasing its turnover in year 2002.Compared with our competitors, we have climbed from the third place in 2001 to the second in 2002 among the four with a turnover of $60 million, a 50% growth. Besides, we stood out for continuous development in 2002.However, our sales distribution is expected to change, and we are assigned to extend our sales network paratively, our sales in 2003 are predicted to grow respectively (increase: Asia/Pacific-3%, Europe-4%, S.America-4%; decrease: N.America-11%.)Conclusion &RecommendationBased on the above analysis, in order to build up our sales, we should consider extend/branch out in A/P, S, &E, which is estimated to boost our turnover by 15% in year 2003.The details are as follows:1 To start 4 new stores in2 we need to activate 6 brand new stores3 3 extra stores are to be set upPlease contact us whenever any concern occurs through email or phone. CONCLUSIONIn order to continue this positive development, we have decided to change our present sales distribution in the year 2003. We intend to increase our turnover in Europe by 4% with 6 new stores, in Asia/Pacific by 3% with 4 new stores and in South America by 4% with 3 new stores.Therefore we will decrease our sales in North America, where the market is already saturated. All these changes should boost our turnover by 15% in year 2003 andRECOMMENDATION / SUGGESTION / MethodsTest-3Part 1To My Dear Jason,I need to be in London for at least three days next month o n business purpose. Before my departure, would you please arrange the follows:1 a return ticket to London (from 12th to 15th), and business class of Cathy Pacific is preferred.2 book a king-size single room with Royal Kings Hotel.Thank you!JorvikPart 2(142)Dear Mrs. Geddings,I write regarding a training course on health and safety which I attended 27 November.I am sorry to let you learn that the training course I attended (27 Nov) on health and safety was more than unpleasing to me.When I booked this course, I chose your company as it came highly recommended and the courses seemed to be of a high standard.I was promised an experienced trainer but unfortunately he was sick and the replacement was not as good as (we) expected. Regarding the information packs these were only a pile of loose photocopies, which was not promised. The class was supposed to be about 8 people but in mine there were about 15. Finally, I should make it clear that the class started 1 hour later, and the lunch that was served, was cold.The following factors might need you to study on for a better quality:1 The ads promised us the trainer is experienced – but, in fact, he was sick on that day, and the replacement trainer was below our expectation.2 We are assured a high-quality information packs, which turned out to be a pile of loose photocopies.3 The size of the class, as mentioned in the ads, should be 8 people. However, I can see 14 people in my class.4 The lunch was a total disaster – most of us are served with red meat, yet at least 6 of us are vegetarians.5 BTW. The replacement trainer came 20 minutes after due time.I am sure you can understand my disappointment. I would hence therefore be glad if you could investigate this matter. consider a refund or any other forms of compensaiton.I look forward to hearing from you.Your sincerelyLisa KostevskaCabin Attendent。

BEC高级口语考试第二部分：小演讲1.第二部分考试形式（Test format of Part 2）在笫二部分BEC 口语考试中，考官将同时发给两名考牛一张不同的试题卡、一支铅笔和一张白纸。

试题R上印有三个与商务活动有关的备选话题。

两名考生从口己的试题R中选择一个话题同时进行准备，其间可以用铅笔在纸上记录发言提纲。

一分钟示，由考官任意指定一名考住首先就其选定的话题做一分钟的演讲。

该考牛的演讲结束后，另一名考牛必须对这名考生刚才的演讲提出一至两个问题（通常为一个问题），然后该考生就问题作答。

在听的过程中，另一•名考牛•可以使用铅笔记录。

随后，另一名考牛重复上述过程。

这部分考试涉及的话题十分广泛，具体包括：advertising （广告），career planning （职业构划）.communications （沟通），customer relations （客户关系），finance （金融财务），health a nd safe ty （健康和安全）.man agcme nt （pcrso nn el, product! on, tra nsport, etc.）（人事、生产、运输等管理）,marketing （市场营销），recruitment （招聘）,sales （销售）, technology （技术），training （培训）,business travel （商务旅行）等等。

2.应试建议（Tips on how to cope with Part 2）For the speech在这部分考试中，考生须就某个话题独立发表意见，做一个为时一分钟的小型演讲。

据统计，一个人在正常语速下，一般一分钟可以说100 ~ 120个单词。

也就是说，一分钟演讲相当于讲十个中等长度的句子。

乍一看，讲十个句子的难度并不大，关键在于要在一分钟内把个人观点讲清楚，既要做到言Z有物，又耍注意条理清晰。

针对该部分口试的应试，笔者提出如下应试建议：（1）B e quick in choosing one of the topics.需耍注意的是，考官将试题卡发给考生以后，就按动秒表开始计吋，考生读题、选题的时间都是计算在一•分钟之内的。

bec中级第2辑真题答案解析【导读】BEC中级第2辑是商务英语考试中的一部分，对于想要提高商务英语能力的人来说是值得关注的。

本文将对BEC中级第2辑的真题答案进行解析，帮助读者更好地理解考题，并提供一些建议来提高备考效果。

商务英语证书(BEC)是一个全球公认的商务英语考试，被广泛应用于商业和工商管理领域。

BEC中级第2辑真题是这个证书中的一部分，对于商业及与商业相关的专业学生和从业人员来说是一项非常重要的考试。

首先，让我们来看一下BEC中级第2辑真题的结构和内容。

该真题一般包含阅读理解、听力理解和写作三个部分。

阅读理解部分是一系列与商业相关的文章，要求考生在阅读完后回答一些有关文章内容的问题。

听力理解部分包含一系列与商业相关的对话和讲座，要求考生根据听到的内容回答问题。

写作部分要求考生根据所给的提示写一篇短文。

接下来，让我们来看一下BEC中级第2辑真题中的一些典型问题和答案解析。

在阅读理解部分，一道典型的问题可能是：“根据文章内容，以下哪项陈述是正确的？”答案解析可以是，通过仔细阅读文章，我们可以找到与问题相关的信息，然后在选项中找到与该信息相符的陈述。

在听力理解部分，一道典型的问题可能是：“对话的目的是什么？”答案解析可以是，通过听对话的上下文和对话中的关键词，我们可以推断出对话的目的是什么。

例如，对话中可能提到一个产品的推广计划，那么对话的目的可能是讨论该计划的实施细节。

在写作部分，一道典型的问题可能是：“根据提示写一篇200字的短文。

”答案解析可以是，考虑到字数限制，我们应该提供简洁明了的信息，并按照提示的要求组织文章的结构。

除了答案解析，下面还提供一些建议来帮助读者在备考中获得更好的效果。

首先，建议读者在备考过程中充分利用真题。

通过做真题，读者可以了解考试的形式和内容，并找出自己在不同部分的不足之处，从而有针对性地进行备考和提高。

其次，建议读者在备考过程中注重练习和反思。

通过反复练习，可以提高对商务英语相关知识的掌握和应用能力。

剑桥商务英语证书考试（BEC）-第2章剑桥商务英语证书考试（BEC）⾼级真题及详解（第3辑）-TeTest 3READING 1 hourPART ONEQuestions 1-8Look at the statements below and at the five extracts on the opposite page from the annual reports of five mobile phone companies.Which company (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement (1-8) refer toFor each statement (1-8), mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once.There is an example at the beginning, (0).Example:0 This company has no direct competition.1 This company is still making a financial loss.2 This company is having part of its business handled by an outside agency.3 This company has grown without undue expense.4 This company is trying to find out what the market response will be to a newproduct.5 This company continues to lose customers.6 This company aims to target a specific group of consumers.7 This company is finding it less expensive than before to attract new customers.8 This company has rationalized its outlets.AOur management team is dedicated to delivering operational excellence and improved profitability. In the coming year, we will focus our marketing on professional young adults, who represent the high value segment of the market and who according to independent research are most likely to adopt our more advanced mobile data products. Customer retention is central to our strategy, and we have been successful in reversing the customer loss of recent years by loyalty and upgrade schemes. A restructuring programme, resulting from changing marketing conditions, has seen our workforce scaled down to 6,100 people. BAs the only network operator in the country, our marketing is aimed at expanding the size of the market. In the business sector, we have targeted small and medium-sized businesses by offering standardised services, and large customersby offering tailored telecommunications solutions. We have been at the forefront of introducing new telecommunications technology and services and have recently distributed 150 of our most advanced handsets to customers to assess the likely demand for advanced data services. Last year, the industry recognized our achievement when we won a national award for technological progress.CA new management team has driven our improved performance here. It is committed to bringing the business into profitability within three years after reaching break-even point in the next financial year. We are focused on delivering rising levels of customer service and an improvement in the quality and utilization of our network. Good progress has been made on all these fronts. The cost of acquiring new subscribers has been reduced and new tariffs have been introduced to encourage greater use of the phone in the late evening.DWe have continued to expand our network in a cost-efficient manner and have consolidated our retail section by combining our four wholly-owned retail businesses into a single operating unit. We expect this to enhance our operational effectiveness and the consistency of our service. Our ambition is to give customers the best retail experience possible. We were, therefore, delighted earlier this yearwhen we won a major European award for customer service. This was particularly pleasing to us as we have always given high priority to customer satisfaction and operational excellence.EHere, we are focused on continuously realizing cost efficiencies as well as improving the level of customer satisfaction and retention. We have already taken effective measures to reduce customer loss and to strengthen our delivery of customer service. The quality of our network has improved significantly over the past year and an increase in the utilization of our network is now a priority. The operation of our customer service centre has been outsourced to a call centre specialist and this has led to a substantial increase in the level of service.【答案与解析】1. C 这家公司依旧财政亏损。

第二辑Test 1Topic A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Entertaining clients●Types of activities●Cost【词汇＆短语】促销赠品Complimentary presents 迎宾室Hospitality room招待费Entertainment allowance 定制Customize针对个人Personalize 有目的的Purposeful商业目的Business objectives 客户需求Customer demand包间Compartment 舒适的Cozy【句型点击】●间歇、停顿How shall I put it? 怎么说呢？Well, what I trying to say is…….. 我想说的是……..I’d like to begin by……●个人想法In my opinion, I’d say that…..The point is that…….Well, we should….【参考范例】Entertaining clients is not an easy job and should be handling appropriately and enjoyably. It contains more than just a wonderful meal, a sightseeing tour or a shopping trip. Good hospitality events can impress clients in a unique manner in and outside of the office.When entertaining clients, we should decide the types of activities according to their interest and favorites. Moreover, these activities should help us achieve our business objectives, for example, we can have an intimate discussion about business with our clients during a meal in a cozy compartment where both where both sides tend to be more relaxed. In addition, we have to mix business with pleasure effectively so our clients won’t feel that we are too purposeful.Cost is anther importan t factor when designing activities for clients. Higher expenses don’t necessarily to greater satisfaction, and in some cases, the clients will be overwhelmed with our kindness. Therefore, when entertaining clients, sincerity appears to be more important, upon which a long and a steady business relationship is based.Topic B: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Choosing retail premises to rent●Location●Length of contract【思路点拨】【词汇&短语】房东landlord 利润空间profit margin租户tenant 房屋结构building structure可持续发展sustainable development 合同到期exploration of contract繁荣boom prosperity 续签合同renew the contract租金rent 押金deposit【句型点击】●观点阐述Well, it seems to me that…….T hat’s true, but on the other hand…..●追加观点That’s just what/all I was thinking…..Well, the point I’m trying to make it that……Another thing I want to mention is……【参考范例】When aiming to choose retail premises, you should always put the location on the top of your list. An ideal retail premises should be situated in the downtown district or a big residential area where the sources of the customers is guaranteed, in China, A lot of businessman believe in Fengshui and they think a good location is vital to the success of business.Besides, the length of contract is also an important factor in choosing retail premises because the retailer need time to develop market and customers. A steady and uninterrupted business environment is most desired, and a long-term contract will ensure the retailer’s sustainable development.What’s more, rent and means of payment should never be overlooked, retailers in general have a big cash flow, therefore, a reasonable rent and flexible means of payment are good for their capital turnover. A cooperative landlord is preferred and necessary for a win-win situation.Topic C: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Deciding on packaging for products●Image●Production process【思路点拨】【词汇&短语】包装材料wrapper，packaging material 不可再生资源non-renewable resources包装设计package design 有利环境的environmental-friendly顾客的青睐customer favor 肤浅的，表明的superficial【句型点击】●自然过渡How shall I put it? 怎么说呢？Actually…..That’s just how I see it …..●个人观点Personally, I thi nk…..Frankly, I think….【参考范例】Packing of products concerns the fate of products because it arouses people’s desire for purchase. When deciding on packaging for products, we should take several things into consideration.First of all, the image catches the eye of potential customers, people are sometimes skin deep when surrounded by a variety of products, their decisions are simply based upon the packaging, therefore a thoughtful design in color, shape and packaging materials is crucial in winn ing customer’s favor.On the other hand, the cost of packaging should be carefully dealt with because it is contained in the prices of the products. Increased price will make the products less competitive in a buyer’s market. After all, in comparison with packaging, people are more sensitive to price.Last but not least, our resources are limited and some are even non-renewable. Once the products are opened up, the wrapper are useless, so it is expected that designers can develop further uses of packaging materials or at least make them environmental-friendly.第二辑Test 2Topic A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Selecting staff for promotion●Attitude to work●Current performance【词汇&短语】空缺职位vacancy 人事部personnel行政管理部administration 公关public relations总部head office 工资wages and salaries管理技能managerial skill 职业前景career prospect人力资源部human resources 团队协作teamwork【句型点击】●常用开始语Thank you for your questionThe answer is…Let me start with….In my viewIt is very likely that….●表达观点常用句What I am thinking is….Let me make my point very clear.It is crystal clear that…..There is no doubt that…..I am into the first opinion..【句型点击】When selecting staff for promotion, several factors should be taken into consideration, to begin with, the attitude to the work is one of the most fundamental elements. I believe attitude is everything. It is not uncommon to find workers who have great talents but are reluctant to make full contribution in their position, the point is, you have to love what you are doing and you have to try your utmost and reserve no effort to do it.Secondly, current performance is also very important, because it is obvious that attitude and effort have to be measured in a certain way so that you can know everyone’s capability.Thirdly, you can’t ignore career potential and adaptability, almost in every company, we can find employees who are excellent individuals but fail to cooperate in a team, these elements are all very essential in one’s career. Admittedly, it is not very likely to find all of them in one person, and then you have to consider about the specific position and grant priority to one of them.Topic B: WHAT IS I MPORTANT WHEN ……?Considering a career change●Further study or training●Opportunities for future promotion【词汇&短语】实际工资real wages 合并merger最终目标ultimate goal 个人收入personal income坏的影响adverse effect 工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading 无形资产intangible assets资格qualification 投资回报return on investment【句型点击】●更倾向于某一个选项I would take …….. as my priority 我会把……..作为我的首选项。

BEC中级第二部分归纳A.Ways of working1.FreelanceIt's great because I'm my own boss ,but I still work with lots of different people.2.Teleworking(远程工作)It san get a bit lonely at times. And I miss my colleagues and all the office gossip.My children are at school so it lets me spend more time with them.3.Job-sharingWhen one of us wants a week off, the other person does a few extra days so it's fairly flexible.4.Flexitime(弹性工作制)I like it because it/s only for a couple of months and I'm saving up to go round the world.5.Shift work(换班工作、轮班工作、倒班)Disadvantage: The only problem is sleeping. Your body never knows if it's night or day!6.Part-time7.Temping（打临时工）8.Consultancy9.Hot-deskingAdvantages: I wish I had my own space.I have to carry everything around in my bag and sometimes there's nowhere to sit.Tips of job-sharing1.Find the perfect partnerFind someone you like. Be prepared to communicate andshare credit and blame.2.Open your mindBosses should consider requests for flexible working from employees with children under six. So embrace the benefits:' Twice as much experience, skills, brainpower and energy.'3.Plan for disasterIf our partner have something to leave, a return to full-time work seemed inevitable. We have to manage to find someone else who fitted with us.4.Get organisedPlan the system for handing work over carefully and play to each other's different strengths. Delegate the workload according to each other's particular skills and qualities.5.Set your limitsManagers should clarify what they expect in terms of hours, availability and results, and employees should manage their employer's expectations.6.Put pan to paperAgree in writing arrangements for holidays, parental leave, retirement and so on. Everyone should stand from the beginning.7.Don't feel guiltyDo not be guilty for not being in the office everyday.8.Two become oneA job-sharing should be a marriage-one voice, one unit.Working from home1.Even at home, always set yourself a timetable.2.You need to find a quiet place to work ,where there are no distractions.3.If communicate with a client on the phone today rather than face-to face, it's still importantto dress for work as normal.4.You will still need peace and quiet at home. Don't answer the door to neighbours or makesocial calls.5.Once you have been working from home for a while, you might feel a bit lonely. It mightbe worth going into the office once or twice a week.6.After you have been at the computer for a few hours, remember to take a break-why botleave the house and go for a walk outside.7.Be strong. When a friend calls and asks you out to lunch, say what you would say in anyother job.8.Make sure colleagues and clients can reach you and answer the phone as though you are inthe office.B.DelegatingTips:1.Tailor work to individualIt should be challenging and make use of their specific skills-skills that you may not have. 2.Delegate complete tast This is much more satisfying for the person delegated to than bits and pieces. If people feel they have ownership of a whole manageable project,they will usually rise to the challenge.3.Give incentivesExplain why the job is important and why you have chosen them. Also explain what the rewards are possibly financial or psychological.4.Define the expectations and objectives\Specify what results are need, the deadline, and how oftenthe employee should update you.5.Avoid misunderstandAfter you have briefed the person, ask them to explain back to you what they're going to do to ensure the instructions are clear.6.Let goDon't check up on them, but allow them space to work on their own.7.Be positiveGive lots of praise, helpful feedback and constructive criticism. It boosts confidence save time next time.C. Stating a businessSole trader1)As a sole trader, you are independent, you are your own boss.2)As a sole trader, if you go bank-break, you will become impoverished.Take a big piece of business sense add some entrepreneurial spirit.Massively entrepreneurialPartnership1)In partnership, you share risks and profits with your partner.2)You may disagree with your partner on strategy.Franchise1)Franchising enables people to both own a business and get help running2)As a franchisee, your promotional activities, financial records, hiring, service procedureare not in complete control of your own.3) A well-run franchise organization can provide a personwho has never managed abusiness with guidance.4)Franchisors can provide a brand name, products or services, and financial assistance.5)Franchisees have to pay franchise fees and they lose some independence.6)Sometimes the training programs provided by the franchisors are weak to brief andstaffed by training who do not have instructional skill.It could be a very clever move for those who want to run their own show, but don not have the experience or the desire to set up in the dangerous and often short-lived(logevity) world of sole trader. It is taking some of the risk and bringing in the support of other people.D. AdvertisingE. Arranging in-house trainingThere are a number of points to consider when arranging in-house training. The first thing is the training needs of staff. Only when we know and meet their requirements,can we improve their knowledge and skills needed for higher quality performance and more effective work. Otherwise, it will be purposeless(无决心的，无意义的，漫无目的的) and a waste of time.The second thing to remember is the quality and influence of the trainer. To make the training effective, the trainer have plays a very important role. A qualified trainer with great influence can make the training more professional, appealing and convincing. Since most staff nowadays are quite busy, they will not attend a training offered by an obscure, inexperienced and non-professional trainer.In addition to that, length of training should be well-planned.It cannot be too long or too short. A lengthy training may be tedious and exhaustive;while too short training may be fruitless.F.Selecting applicants for a jobWhen selecting applicants for a job, the first thing to consider is their personal qualities. A candidate with relevant qualities can ensure that he or she has the required abilities, knowledge or techniques pertinent to that job. And companies don't have to prepare further training for them when they start work thus reduces costs.Secondly , a candidate needs to consider the communicating ability ofi the candidate. By communicative skills , we mean having the ability to express ideas clearly , be cooperative and get on well with other people which will be very important for him or her to play a good part in the team work./doc/289715807.html,pany benefits(how to keep a staff)None cash rewards(rewards in financial as well as psychological)1.an impressive job title2.A good salary3.Flexible working hours4.Opportunities for promotion(promotion from within , intake ; )5.Days off and long holidays6.Training and staff development (vice-president incumbent programme)7.A pension8.Opportunities to travel (once-in-a-lifetime incentive trips)9.Parental leave10.A company car11.Working environmentH.advertisement1.word of mouthWe tend to listen to our friends' recommendations more than anything else so word of mouth is probably the most effective.2.MailshotsPizza delivery firms often do mailshots in the local area. It's cheap but lots of people probably throw the leaflet away./doc/289715807.html, commercialsTV commercials reach millions of people but they are so expensive.4.SpamIt used to irritate me but my new anti-virus software seems to block any spam from my inbox.5.BannersI'm not sure about banners. When I visit a website , I don't think I even notice them.6.Newspaper advertI suppose it's good if you're looking for a job locally and newspaper adverts are relatively cheap.7.BrochuresPeople use brochures less and less because they can just go online if they want to find out what's available.8.SampleIt's great when you get a free sample because you can really see what it's like .I. Employee trainingCommunication, computer skills , customer service , diversity , ethics , human relatives , safety , sexual harassmentBenefits:(1)Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees.(2)Increased employee motivation.(3)Increased efficiencies in processes , resulting in financial gain.(4)Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods.(5)Increased innovation in strategies and products.(6)Reduced employee turnover.(7)Enhanced company image.(8)Risk managing.As a supervisor(主管), you must be impartial(公平) in selecting employees for a training. You should base your training decision on sound management practices without regard to factors such as race , color , religion , sex , sexual orientation (性取向), national origin , disability , or age.Training is important for me to handle new and more demanding assignments , maintain effective and satisfactory performance. Offering employees training should be the obligation(义务、责任) of modern organisations.What's important when designing an effective training plan?When designing an effective training plan,it's important to consider training needs, company budgets and employee commitment.Firstly, you should take time to carefully analyse your needs, figure out whether the designed training is absolutely required, or nice to have? This will help you identify your priority and choose the right type of training for your requirements.Secondly, you need to have agreement from the senior person in your company that training is a priority. This person willneed to support the plan fully and agree to the budget. The amount of budget will determine what type of training you will use and how you will offer it .Last but not least, employee commitment (许诺、委托事项) is also required . Talk to your staff about their needs and goals for training . This will ensure your employees respond positively to your investment in their development. They will then value and embrace opportunities to learn new skills , thus achieving your desired effects.J. Entertaining business clientsWhen entertaining business clients, we need , first of all, to decide on the most suitable venue for the event to take place. We will probably find out in our first contact with our clients if they are more of art lovers or sports fans or gourmets(美食家), and then choose the type of entertainment: whether it should be in a restaurant or in the theatre of in some other appropriate venue for the event.It is also very important for us to have a clear plan in mind when we come to the meeting. We need to work out a list of specific business objectives to achieve. Therefore while making sure our business clients enjoy themselves, we quietly and smoothly direct the meeting step by step towards our goal.The other important aspect is the timing for bringing up the subject of business. Because inopportune(不合时宜的、不合适) mentioning of the matter of business may embarrass our clients at a social setting and discourage their interest in the business you intend to do and even ruin a fine business opportunity.K. Planing a meeting / conferenceCreating an agenda is very important when planing a meeting. Doing so helps participants know what they shouldtalking about and keeps the conversation focused. All items to be discussed at the meeting should be listed on the agenda and the purpose of each item should be clearly indicated. Make sure copies of the agenda are available before the meeting.The size of a meeting depends on its purpose. A meeting for passing on information to employees can be fairly large, for few questions and comments are expected from the audience. If it's a meeting where different ideas are contributed and a decision is to be reached, its size should be controlled to save time.A suitable venue is also important. It should be a place be a place convenient to all participants so that everyone can arrive on time.L. Attending a meeting / conferenceWhen you're deciding whether to attend a conference, speakers are a very important factor to consider. If they are well-known people knowing a lot about a particular field, or from big multinationals, the conference will be likely to be informative and you may benefit a lot from it.Venue is not so important , but if the conference is held in a place with beautiful surroundings,more people will go and it's good for you to do some useful networking.Topics covered are also very important, since you can really benefit from a conference only when what the speakers talk about is what you're interested in or what relates to your work.Also, if there is an exhibition during the conference, there would be more participants.M. Giving a presentationWhen planning a presentation, it's important t o research the topic. By doing so , you can have access to more information anddetails about the topic, better understand the topic, and gather more supporting ideas to make your presentation convincing and impressive.Another important thing to do is to practice beforehand,like looking over your notes, practising what you're going to say, and trying to feel you really want to share your subject with your audience. It's an effective way to be familiar with what you're to talk about and to get a feel of speaking to the public. That can help you free from nervousness or stage fright cause by lack of experience in public speaking. You can be more confident and give a better performance.Dressing properly is also important. The clothes you wear are what gets the audience's attention first and will have a significant impact on how people feel about you and what you are saying to them.N. Trade fairs and exhibitions。

Unit 1 company operation and management公司运作与管理1.1 Teamwork 团队合作*evaluating the success of teamwork 衡量团队成功与否①mutual trust: share a trusting relationship ~ free to express~ understand capabilities and limitations~communicate timely~bring out potentials~tcreate good work environment②full co-operation: direct impact on success or failure~develop awareness of cooperation~make collective efforts~achieve the common objectives~ensure high level③timely communication④decision making1.2 Internal Communications 内部沟通*communicating management messages to the staff 和员工沟通管理信息①overall purpose: state overall purpose and expectations~meet work enquirements~achieve performance excellence②feedback on performance:provide feedback~manager keeps track of possible problems~employees get encouraged for hard work~given chances to correct mistakes ③more open in sharing information:employee knows in advance any proposed changes~enhance mutual understanding and trust1.3 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本*aiming to control cost in corporate hospitality 控制公司接待成本(cost control~top priority~slash hospitality costs~budget carefully~plan ahead)①event planning:details~exact number of people~the right supplier~...②food costs:keep cost at the minimum~work out food costs carefully~recipes be short-listed~menus made in advance~avoid a lavish menus~narrow down to sth basic and healthy③reducing wastage:control food portions~portion sizes~eliminate waste1.4 Reducing Overheads 减少管理费用*aiming to slash business overheads 削减管理费用①budget and management:budget and apportion the business overheads expenditure~set clear budget plan~manage the cost~limit budget spending~improve overhead productivity~if over-expenditure occurs~track the cause and check it in time ②long-term effects: put overheads reduction plan in greater perspective~evaluate overall effects~enable company to tap potential productivity~ensure future development③involve staff members into overheads reduction project1.5 How to Deal With a Heavy Workload 如何应对繁重的工作*coping with a heavy workload 应对繁重的工作量①benefits system: company introduces benefits programmes~offer wellness and exercise programmes~provide exercise facilities~enhance employees’health~introduce flexible benefits programmes(childcare/nursing care for aging parents)~employee balances work and nonwork②time management: company provides traning programs~employees better manage time~become more organised~feel more at ease with routine work③employees’s mental health: companys care about mental health~provide psychological consultancy advice~employees can better adjust to work pressure1.6 Work Environment 工作环境*designing the layout of an office 设计办公室布局①appropriate use of space: consider spatial design~establish primary and secondary work areas for (paper work,computer activities,accessible file systems)~allocate spaces for storage of surplus office supplies~make the best use of space~respect the privacy of staff members②amount of light: consider how much lighting~type of lighting~provide naturallight~provide ambient light overhead~task light on work stations③consider health and safty④calculate future growth and space needs⑤apply ergonomics to adapt work to suit staff1.7 Logistics 物流(manage the flow of materials and the flow of information)*developing logistics strategies 制定物流策略①customer service levels:customer service sets specification for logistics system design~know customers’ needs and expectations②information management: decision can’t without information~track product flow through logistics pipelines~design and implement information system to support logistics network③consider order-processing, warehouse management, inventory and materials management......1.8 Business Ethics 商业道德*measuring corporate performance 衡量企业绩效（turnover,profits,dividends,ethics) ①workplace ethics: inspire communication between employees~extend respect to each~promote customer relationships based on honesty and integrity~core of company culture~an important tool for companies striving for long-term prospects and growth②social responsibility: business activities have social impacts~company protects environment~mitigate own environment impacts~minimise waste in operations andefficient management of resources③conduct business with integrity④conduct business in compliance with applicable laws and regulatory requirementsUnit 2 Human Resources Management2.1 Recruiting & Selecting*selecting an employment interviewer①personal quality: ensure decision sound and fair~humility~the ability to think objectively and poise~prevent extreme opinions and biases~avoid employment discrimination②interviewing skills: the skill to raise questions~concern applicant’s marital/family status~what’s the name, address, and telephone number of a person~question is perfectly legal and appropriate③workplace is varied and diverse~experience in associating with people from various backgrounds is vital④trainning~can’t be neglected2.2 Employee Training*designing an effective training plan①training needs: take time to analyze your needs~identify your priority~choose the right type of training for your requirements②company budget: need to have agreement from the snior person~support the plan fully and agree to the budget~the amount of budget determine the type③employee commitment: talk to staffs about their needs and goals fortraining~ensure employees respond positively to the investment~employees value and embrace opportunities to learn new skills~achieve desired effects2.3 Career Development*asking for a career break①company policy: find out if the company have policies for staff wanting to take career breaks~if yes: company can guarantee you a job to return to, plus some continuation of service, plus certain benefits such as your pension~if no: talk to your employer~see if you have a chance~or have to quit your job②advice from family and friends: take advice from family and friends~their suggestion will help you identify your reasons~find out if it’s really suitable for you ③consider what you will spend your break time: studying~may develop newskills~travelling~may broaden your horizons~taking care of family~improve your health by not working so hard2.4 Promotion*thinking about going for a promotion①work-related qualities: aiming for promotion~develop work-relatedqualities~qualities include qualifications, training, skills and abilities~qualifications and training prepare us the necessary knowledge and theory for any job~constant and relevant training is necessary for further development~professional skills and abilities guarantee excellent work performance~managerial skills and abilities contribute to effective team performance②personal qualities: relevant personal qualities include loyalty to the company, responsibility and so on~establish your credibility and integrity amongcolleagues~should present yourself as a contributor to the company~present a person of high personal standing with a capacity for leadership③know and accept your strengths and weaknesses~promote strenghs~make up for the weaknesses with a goal④showing the sustained pattern of your achievements⑤giving a sense of how you will continue to achieve and develop in the future2.5 Staff Motivation*motivating senior executives①stock options: belong to the long-term incentive~employee will have a significant stake in the success of the business~their fortune will rise and fall with the value they create for shareholders~motivate them to develop~use their abilities and contribute their energies to the fullest possible extent②perquisites/special benefits: include company car, mobile phone, first-class air travel, large insurance policies, country club membership, company-paidparking~used as a mean of demonstrating the employee’s importance to the organisation~give them an incentive to improve their performance③base salary④short-term incentives or bonus2.6 Staff Turnover*aiming to retain good staff①pleasing work environment: keep good staff~create a pleasing workplace~provide basic comfort~proper lighting and noise control~allow for flexibility, growth, and development~promote loyalty among good staffs and build their commitment②career opportunity: career plan for employee~employee will remainwith current employer if career opportunities are presented③paying employees for training~keep their skills current and up-dated~getting employable and being competitive throughout their lives2.7 Apprasing and Improving Performance*giving feedback ( motivate staff to perform as well as they can in future)①plus points: take plus points into account~focus on the plus points~encourage staff and make them feel good about themselves and their value to the company②avoidance of personal opinion: when giving negative feedback~unfair personal opinion won’t improve performance~lead to noncooperation, hatred~create immediate barrier~focus on actions, not the person③allowing space for the recipient to reflect, check, challenge2.8 Pay and Benefits*deciding base salary①salary level of comparable companies: compare with other companies~if lower than~difficult to attract a sufficient number of job applicants~ultimately result in high turnover~if rates of pay are high~create a large applicants pool~conpany can choose to raise selection standards~hire better-qualified employees~reduce training costs and turnover②availability of local workforce: exert great influence on~if there is a short of local workforce~in order to attract or retain good employees~raise pay rates③company finance should be taken into consideration: payroll budget depends on company finance~keep labor costs at an acceptable level④compensation policy should be taken into consideration: supplemental compensations~enhance motivation, growth and competitiveness2.9 Labor Relations*dealing with problem employee/employee misconduct (correct employee infractions) ①role of immediate supervisor: is best able to observe evidence of unsatifactory behavior or performance~find out the underlying causes~discuss the matter with the employee to correct the problem immediately②discipline:be taken as punishment for repeated offences~motivate employees to practice self-control and respect organisational rules③colleagues’s assistance: bosom fellow-workers’help~they know the problem employee quite well~understand his/her situation~their suggestions and advice can be easily and readily accepted2.10 Work Place Safety and Health*improving working environment①office environment: cozy environment ensures work efficiency~comfortable furnishings~office should be spacious and airy, clean and organized②workplace culture: consider culture~treat the staff with respect and as anadult~make the workplace a safe one for creative staff~best workplace promotes individual and group success~raise the self-esteem of staff members③environmental consciousness: purchase energy efficient office appliances~recycling cans, bottle, newspapers, and magazines~use less paper by printing on both sides of the paper2.11 Time Management*setting and achieving a personal goal①goal setting guidelines: have reasonable goal setting guidelines~make sure that your goal is specific, measurable, attainable, rewarding and timely~necessary criteria for your subconscious mind to accept the goal~drive you towards your goals②persistence: need persistence~during the process,meet various difficulties and unexpective problems to hold you back~use all your persistence and determination to stick to your goals③be flexible with objectives and activities:if goal becomes unrealistic with the change of situation~should modify it~if the way you do things does’t work~try another one~keep trying until find the one that works2.12 Managing Stress*managing job stress①hobbies: in relieving job stress~develop hobbies~can divert your attention~help you temporarily forget your worries~sports will get you mentally relaxed after a day of stressful working~make you physically fit~should learn to mix leisure with work ②job target: re-examine job goals~pursue realistic goals that are meaningful to you~pursue reasonable goals that are not too high and difficult for you to reach③get enough sleep④eat well-balanced and nutritious food⑤develop some mutually supportive relationships and develop positive emotionsUnit 3 Marketing3.1 Product Development and Price Setting*setting price for new products①costs: prices should cover fixed costs~variable costs~marketing costs②demand: consumer demand for the product clearly affects price~when demand is strong~can set high price~when demand is weak~can set lower price~must estimate the quantities of products that consumers will demand③competition should be taken into account~company is supposed to consider the prices set by its competitor*developing new products①market research: carry out market research~can get such information as whether there exists a niche market for a new product~what are customers’ needs and tastes for new product~will sell well when it is launched into the market②the size of the target market: if too small to warrant the R&D, production, and marketing expense to reach it~it won’t be sensible to develop this new product③price: improtant factor in determining whether customers will buy it or not~price must be reasonable and competitive3.2 Product Promotion*promoting a product①advertising: can reach millions of people at a low cost per person~place an ad witha mass medium(television/radio/newspaper/magazines)~can aim at its target market and promote a product effectively②sale promotion: use coupons, free samples, trading stamps and trade show~attract existing and potential customers~boost the sales of a product③direct marketing: direct mail~telephone~Internet3.3 Advertising*advertising a product on billboards①design of the billboard: usually seen briefly by passing individuals~so must beeye-catching and impressive~consist of recognizable graphic and a slogan will be effective②amount of information: billboard is directed toward a mobile audience~should not carry too much information~a few words or a slogan will be enough③location: should be placed in a particular area of a city with heavy traffic~there will be more passing people who catch the billboards3.4 Publicity*using publicity effectively①regular efforts: organization’s publicity efforts should be thorough, well-organized, and regular~should have a plan of publicity over a long period of time~make constant efforts in carrying it out②publicity personnel: should be responsible for an organization’s publicity program~it should be directed by a designated individual or department/an ad relations firm③good professional relationship with media personnel(reporter/editor)~ensure the publicity program do well3.5 Packaging*deciding packaging for a product①image:choose the color, texture and design that provide the best image ofproduct~create desirable images and associations by designing a package that conveys impressions of richness, luxury and exclusiveness~upgrade the packaging of products~convey higher-quality images②packaging design: set a particular product apart from others~packaging should catch buyers’ eyes~the design of shape,color,size plays an important role in making product appealing③offer customers convenience: make it easier for customers to open3.6 Branding*choosing household appliances①brand names: well-known brand name signal high quality~may offer betterafter-sales services~may be more reliable and user-friendly②technolofy: see whether state-of-the-art technology is employed in producing the appliances~appliance should reflect the newest development of technology in that field③price: the top consideraton in the buying decision~prices of same products vary a lot~reasonable to choose a product which offers good value for money3.7 Customer Service*aiming to improve an after-sales service①speed of response: company must react quickly to customer requests~provide prompt service~with timely and fast service, customer’s satisfaction will beraised~will be less customer complaints②staff training: consider staff training to provide better after-sales service~staff should have product-related expertise~when problem arise~they can solve them quickly and skillfully③consider after-sales-service supervison: should have a after-sales-service supervison system~the service can be monitored and supervised~improve the standard of the service3.8 Keeping Customers*maintaining customer loyalty①discounts: offer discounts to regular customers~company can attract its existing customers~if customers decide to turn to other brand~they may lose the benefit~so they have to think twice before switch to other suppliers②customer service: if they are treated friendly and provided speedy service~will remain loyal to the product~otherwise,will switch to others③newsletters:company can distribute newsletters regularly to customers~provide them with product-related information~establish and maintain good relationships with customers3.9 Distribution*dealing with physical distribution①inventory planning and control: aim to satisfy particular target markets~adequate inventory must be maintained to avoid stockouts or excessive inventory②transportation: permit a firm to create time and place utility for its products~a key element in the flow of goods and services from producer to customer③warehousing: involves the design and operation of facilities to receive, store, and ship products~makes products available for shipment to match demand at differentlocationsUnit4 Business Travel4.1 Travel and Transport*choosing transport for a business trip①comfort: means being physically relaxed and contented,free from worries and unhappiness~with comfortable transport, you can stretch out, lie back and get some sleep②cost: cost-effectiveness~is advisable not to choose a transport whose cost is beyond your budget~expensive transport can increase the cost~easily to ruin your whole business③convenience: help to make your trip easy, efficient and free from fatigue4.2 Travel and Accommodation*choosing a hotel for people travelling on business①location: should at least help you get your work done~stay in a hotel at a central business district with good transport connections~stay in a located hotel which offers easy access to good restaurants②facilities provided: hotel should come equited with standard business needs(voice mail,Internet access,meeting room)③non-business related services(workout facilities)4.3 Domestic Travel*planing business trips①purpose: clear about the purpose of the trip~if is a business visit to another company~think beforehand who you are going to meet~what to discuss~how to promopt your company~if the purpose is to launch a product~have to collect detailed information~be prepared to answer any questions that may be raised②travel arrangement: should have advanced booking for deals and discounts~have a good preparation of the trip~manage time in an efficient way to better fulfill your purposees③give a thought to the luggage: keep luggage light~never expect anyone else to carry it for you4.4 Travelling Abroad*having a business trip abroad①advance preparations: should prepare as muas as possible before the tripbegins~obtain names of possible contacts~arrange appointments~check transportation schedules~so as to get maximum value from the time spent abroad~also include cultural preparations for the destinations ahead②arrival time: should plan to arrive early and leave time to rest~do not book a dinner meeting if you will be travelling all afternoon③dressing properly: should show respect to your host and the culture of the host’s country~reflect your status as a decent business personUnit5 Relations and Corporate Hospitality5.1 Corporate Culture*shaping a better corporate culture①leadership: in creating and nurturing corporate culture~leadership plays a critical role~leader should have leadership skills of analyzing the opportunities and threats that may exist~be able to work out what resources and abilities must be developed to deal with future opportunities and threats~otherwise, company can not survive in the competitive age②team spirit:company should encourage emplyees to be more responsible and act and think like owners~high-efficiency teams should be formed~emplyees share same working values~can work together effectively③work environment：if envieonment is encouraging and supportive of new ideas~employees will be more motivated in work5.2 Company Image*designing a company logo①company image: consider whether the logo can evoke about your company when is introduced before the public eyes~logo should represent your company’s identity~reflect the main point of company②logo copyright: logo is legally regarded as being a work of creation including all the design elements~should be protected under copyright law~when designing~make sure that you do not infringe upon another company’s logo③cultural differences: consider it in designing the logo graphic~particularly your company is a multi-national one④cost5.3 Corporate Gifting*sending corporate gifts to foreign business clients①cultural differences: international gift giving can become a cultural minefield~taboos vary from culture to culture~give a proper gift~understand the culture of receiver②company logo: to personalize the gift with company logo~reflect company image and personality~leave a striking impression on clients~but keep logo small~otherwise, it would look like an advertisement③gift should be of highest quality and the best taste~it conveys our warm feelings of respect and appreciation~say a lot about company5.4 Corporate Sponsorship*considering to sponsor a sports event①target audience: define the target audience~cannot assume that everybody will watch the game~have to narrow down the major characteristics of target audience~be able to match up our product with the event②midia coverage: to have good sales~the decisive factor is gaining positive media exposure~if receives extensive media coverage~will bring the company and products within public focus~enhance company brand,product,service loyalties③need to look at other competitors~make efforts to distinguish our company from other sponsors~otherwise our brand will be buried in all clutter of brand promotion④cost5.5 Dress Code*dressing for a job interview①professional image: have to be quite aware how the interviewers will see you~first impressions can last forever~would be most appropriate if you dress a bit conservatively(man can wear suit,polished shoes/lady can wear dress)~the way you dress can say much about your personality②being clean and neat：should look very clean and neat on this occasion~brush your teeth to have fresh breath~clean your fingernails~comb your hair~make sure that there is no body odour~show repect for the meeting and for the interviewers③show your good taste~avoid using heavy perfume~would make you appear very vulgar5.6 Entertaining Business Clients*entertaining your business clients①appropriate place for entertainment: decide on the most suitable place for the event to take place~should find out clients’ interest through the first contact~if they are more of art lovers or sports fans~choose the suitable type of entertainment②clear objectives for the meeting:have a clear plan in mind when we come to meeting~work out a list of specific business objectives to achieve~while makeing sure clients enjoyed themselves~we quitely and smoothly direct the meeting step by step towards our goal③the timing for bringing up the subject of business: inopportune mentioning of the matter of business~may embarrass our clients~discourage their interest in the business you intend to do~even ruin a fine business opportunityUnit6 Company Development6.1 Site Location and Relocation*selecting a company location①demand for products or services: should first into account the demand for products or services~demand forecasts help determine where goods or services are most likely to be sold~ a weighted center of demand exists for each product~company should select a location which supplies this demand②transpotation:if a manufacturing company~tend to have a materials-oriented location~if company need rapid delivery~companies are more likely to select market-oriented locations~to locate near consumers③consider labor costs~if employ a large labor force~may locate to places with lower wages rates6.2 Going Global*exporting goods or services for the first time①legal framework:try to be familiar with all those international-business-ralated laws~in doing international business it must contend with the law of its own nation ②cultural differences: should consider cultural differences~culture differs from country to country~have different tastes and needs for goods and services~cater to their needs③distribution methods:compare all the available distribution methods~choose one which is the most convenient and cost-effective6.3 Mergers and Acquisitions and franchise*considering a merger with another company①their paoduct range: if 2 companies are in direct competition and share similar products~merger may avoid competition~cost in producing similar peoducts can be lowered~combined company will be consolidated and become more powerful②their company culture:if have completely different cultures~culture integration will be difficult~there will be cultural clashs ~may lead to the failure of the merger③their markets:if sell similar products in different markets~the merger will capture large market share~increase revenue6.4 Meeting Competition*dealing with competition①pricing policies: price is a very powerful weapon in dealing withcompetition~important factor in consumers’ buying decisions~may set prices equal or lower than competitor’ prices~sttract customers~boost sales and take large market share②advertising strategies: advertising can increase brand awareness~once consumershave seen a product advertised either on TV, the Internet, or in newspapers~may tend to buy it③quality: a firm differentiate itself through the quality of its products~buyers base their buying decision on price~are willing to pay a higher price for better quality。