翻译理论与实践(26)
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2018年14期总第402期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS翻译理论与翻译实践文/黄梦菲【摘要】在当今全球化背景下,经济、政治、文化的迅猛发展在下,语言已需要走出国门,走向世界,为现代化社会的发展所服务。
翻译对于传播人类文化知识,促进世界文化的交流与发展,有着重要作用。
因此,对翻译工作的要求亦与日俱增,翻译工作难度也大大提升。
而在实际的翻译过程中,翻译工作由翻译理论与实践两部分构成。
翻译理论来源于翻译实践,对翻译工作的开展与进行发挥着十分重要的指导作用,而翻译实践又时刻检验着翻译理论的现实可行性,两者是一种“互助互补互彰”的关系。
本文就翻译理论、翻译理论与翻译实践关系和两者的结合方式展开论述,来探讨如何出色的完成翻译工作。
【关键词】翻译理论;翻译理论与实践关系;结合【作者简介】黄梦菲(1992- ),女,汉族,河南许昌人,西北政法大学外国语学院,研究生在读,研究方向:英语笔译。
一、翻译理论翻译活动历史悠久、形式丰富,因此,人们对于翻译的界定也千差万别、困难重重。
现代汉语词典对于翻译的解释,也大致说翻译是在准确、通顺的基础上,把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为;是将一种相对陌生表达方式,转换成相对熟悉的表达方式的过程,其中包括语言、文字、符合和视频等等。
翻译既可以指翻译活动的主体,即译者;也可以指翻译的行为与过程,即翻译行为;还可以指翻译活动的结果,即译文。
“翻译”一词集三种含义与一身,主体、行为与结果交叉在一起,更增加了对翻译的含义以及对其所要进行的研究的难度。
1.翻译理论相关内容。
翻译理论主要来源于,译者从以往自身的翻译经验,以及对进行过的翻译工作所出现的相关问题,而进行的深入思考,从而总结出的一些翻译的规律和技巧。
翻译工作主要针对对象是受政经模式、文化思想、风俗习惯差异而影响的不同语言,所以这就要求译者,语言语法构成、词汇、句法分析烂熟于心,此外,还要有丰富的百科知识,熟知历史、经济、政治、文化、风俗,并对当下正在发生的国际国内大事有了解,以此来丰富和拓展译者的知识储备,只有这样才能避免在翻译过程中,出现迷茫而无从下手,从而译出原作的风格与语言,而在这过程中翻译理论也起到巨大的支撑作用。
第一章测试1.下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法?A:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分B:用名词代替形容词,构成标题式短语(名词连用和复合名词)C:动词的弱化与虚化D:用形容词或副词表达动词意义答案:A2.汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式,英语则相反。
A:错B:对答案:A3. A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序?A:从主观到客观B:从分述到总述C:从客观到主观D:从总述到分述答案:A4.在下列因素里,哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。
A:词义的引申和扩展B:文化的因素C:一词多义D:词的结构答案:ABC5.翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些?A:情感色彩B:文化因素C:修辞D:作品产生的时代背景答案:ABCD6.下列哪些模式适用于英语表达A:焦点后置模式B:焦点前置模式C:上下主从层级模式D:空间顺序模式答案:BCD7.下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?答案:C8.以下哪些句子体现了增词翻译原则中的修辞性增词:A:At thirty-five, she had first learned what it is to be a mother. “她到35岁的时候才生平第一次尝到做母亲的滋味。
”B:There has been too much publicity about the case. “那件案子已经搞得满城风雨,人尽皆知了。
”C:We couldn’t count on his rationality. “我们不能指望他会讲道理。
”D:A. “Sesame street” is popular among children. “芝麻街少儿频道再儿童中很受欢迎。
”答案:AB9.英语表达中,动词地位不平等是客观存在的事实,主要体现在A:过去分词结构B:不定式结构C:现在分词结构D:无动词结构答案:ABCD10.汉语结构中主语缺失是一种十分普遍的现象,而英语中是不允许存在的。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 在线考试(客观题)单选题 (共50道题)展开收起1.(2.0分) The first missile missed the target. 第一颗导弹没有击中目标。
A、意译B、直译C、肯定译成否定正确答案:此题得分:2.0分2.(2.0分) Our age is witnessing a profound political change. 我们的时代是深刻的政治变化的见证。
A、无灵译成有灵B、动态译成静态C、静态译成动态正确答案:此题得分:2.0分3.(2.0分) 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.1949年中华人民共和国成立了。
A、无灵译成有灵B、动译成静C、词性转换正确答案:此题得分:2.0分4.(2.0分)“Good morning, class.”“同学们,早上好。
”A、概略译成具体B、无灵译成有灵C、意译正确答案:此题得分:2.0分5.(2.0分) Give a person a dose of his own medicine. 以其人之道还之其人之身。
A、具体译成抽象B、异化C、归化正确答案:此题得分:2.0分6.(2.0分) The Italians are wise before the deed, the Germans in the deed, the France after the deed. 意大利人事前聪明,德国人事中聪明,而法国人事后聪明。
A、具体译成抽象B、异化C、直译正确答案:此题得分:2.0分7.(2.0分) Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. 车到山前必有路A、词性转换B、归化C、直译正确答案:此题得分:2.0分8.(2.0分) She has many shortcomings, but we are all fond of her.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A、她虽然有很多缺点,但我们都很喜欢她。
《翻译理论与实践》课程教学大纲课程类型:专业课课程代码:06401405课程学时:56 学分: 3 适用专业:英语专业(师范、商务方向)开课时间:三、四年级(2)、(1)学期开课单位:外国语学院大纲执笔人:金惠康大纲审定人:翻译理论与实践(Theory and Practice for Translation)课程是英语专业的必修课之一。
它包括翻译理论与实践,有英语翻译成汉语与汉语翻译成汉语,现代翻译理论与技巧,翻译的跨文化交际与障碍。
一、教学目的与要求(从知识、能力、素质三个侧面及其相互的联系和在综合技能培养中的作用,说明本课程的教学目的和要求;说明本课程在对学生知识、能力、技能和素质等方面的教育培养的具体要求。
) 1.教学目的:翻译理论是翻译实践的指南。
开设这门课的目的是系统地传授翻译基本理论,结合翻译实践训练、翻译方法和技巧,从而大大提高研究生的翻译能力。
2.教学要求:学生通过72学时的学习,能够了解国内外翻译研究动态,掌握翻译学的理论系统,并能熟练地运用各种翻译方法和技巧,为他们走向成功打下坚实的基础。
二、教学重点与难点1. 教学重点:翻译理论;英译与汉译语基本实践2. 教学难点:翻译的基本技能技巧;翻译实践能力的培养三、教学方法与手段以讲授为主,课堂讨论,读辅导材料,写学习心得,参与翻译实践,注重理论联系实际。
四、教学内容、目标与学时分配(教学内容/教学目标/课时分配)本课程两学期,36课时/36课时,专题讨论1-3次,计9课时,考试2课时。
第一学期:第一章汉字英词(Chinese Characters & English Words)第二章汉英表达的不同(Different Ways of Expressing Ideas)第三章汉文明礼貌语言(Chinese Language of Respect & Humanity)第四章中国文化(Chinese Culture)第五章有中国文化特色的社会架构(Chinese Social System with Chinese Cultural Characteristics)第六章现代说法反映现代社会(Modern Sayings Reflect Modern Life)第七章语言,文化与社会(Language,Culture & Society)第八章跨文化交际(Cross-Cultural Communication)第九章语言与翻译(Language & Translation)第十章翻译技巧杂谈(一)(On Skills of Translation)(1)第十一章翻译技巧杂谈(二)(On Skills of Translation)(2)专题讨论一:翻译理论与翻译实践的关系专题讨论二:岭南文化翻译讨论第二学期:第一章跨文化传播与交际(Intercultural Communications)第二章跨文化差异与融合(Intercultural Difference and Integration)第三章跨文化理解与翻译(Intercultural Understanding and Translation)第四章中国传统文化介绍(Introduction to Traditional Chinese Culture)第五章文化旅游翻译(Translation of Culture and Tourism)第六章汉英修辞表达(Metaphorical Expressions in Both Languages)第七章汉英谚语与典故(Proverbs and Allusions in Both Languages)专题讨论三:中华文明翻译与介绍专题讨论四:中华文化旅游翻译五、考试范围与题型1.考试范围与分数:(1)现代翻译理论(10%)(2)现代翻译技巧(20%)(3)翻译实践(50%)(4)跨文化交际(10%)2.考试题型与分数比例:(1)理论问答题(10%)(2)英译汉(20%)(3)汉译英(50%)(4)段落翻译(20%)六、教材与参考资料1.教材:金惠康著,2003,《跨文化交际翻译》,2004《跨文化交际翻译续集》,中国对外翻译出版公司2.参考资料:《中国翻译》1993—2002年各期《中国科技翻译》1996—2002年各期《上海科技翻译》1996—2002年各期《文化研究》(人大复印报刊资)1997—2002年各期邓炎昌刘润青.语言与文化——英汉语言文化比较[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1992吴冰等编.大学英语口译(汉英)教程[M].外语教学与研究出版社出版,1994乐黛云主编.中西比较文学教程[N].高等教育出版社出版,1988柯平主编.英汉与汉英翻译教程[M].北京大学出版社出版,1993张培基等编.英汉翻译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社出版,1983英喻云根编.汉对比语言学[M].北京工业大学出版社出版,1994陈定安编着.英汉比较与翻译[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1991范仲英编着.实用翻译教程[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1994吕瑞昌等编.汉英翻译教程[M].陕西人民出版社,1983胡文仲主编.英美文化辞典[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1995辛华.世界姓名译名手册[M].化学工业出版社,1987胡曙中.英汉修辞比较与研究[M].上海外语教学出版社,1992王德春等编.修辞学词典[M].浙江教育出版社,1987谭永祥.修辞新格[M].暨南大学出版社出版,1996陈望道.修辞学发凡[M].上海教育出版社,1976冯翠华编.修辞格[M].商务印书馆出版,1983钱冠连.汉语文化语用学[M].清华大学出版社,1997王秉钦.文化翻译学[M].南开大学出版社,1995连淑能.英汉对比研究[M].高等教育出版社,1993关世杰.跨文化交际学[M].北京大学出版社,1996林大津.跨文化交际研究[M].福建人民出版社,1996贾玉新.跨文化交际学[M].上海外语教育出版社,1997王宏印.跨文化传通——如何与外国人交往[M].北京语言学院出版社,1996胡文仲主编.文化与交际[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1994胡文仲/高一虹.外语教学与文化[M].湖南教育出版社,1997钟述孔.实用口译手册[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1991靳梅琳编着.英汉翻译概要[M].南开大学出版社,1995陈宏薇主编.汉英翻译基础[M].上海外语教育出版社,1998刘重德.文学翻译十讲[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998金堤.等效翻译探索(增定版)[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998金圣华.桥畔译谈:翻译散论八十篇[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998林佩汀.中英对译技巧[M].世界图书出版公司,1997谭宝全.现代英语翻译诀窍[M].上海交通大学出版社,1996马祖毅.中国翻译简史(增定版)[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998陈生保编着.英汉翻译津指[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998刘宓庆.文体与翻译[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1998金圣华/黄国彬.因难见巧:名家翻译经验谈[M],中国对外翻译出版公司,1998辜正坤.中西诗鉴赏与翻译[M].湖南人民出版社,1998陈小慰,《语言.功能.翻译:汉英翻译理论与实践》,福建教育出版社,1998刘宓庆.当代翻译理论[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1999谭载喜编着.新编奈达论翻译[M].中国对外翻译出版公司,1999金惠康.贵州旅游(英汉双语版)[M].贵阳:贵州民族出版社,1994金惠康.编译《贵州旅游》(英汉双语版)体会[J].中国科技翻译,1998(2):54金惠康.跨文化交际翻译:汉英语言文化比较[M].贵阳:贵州教育出版社,1997金惠康.汉英跨文化交际翻译[M].贵阳:贵州教育出版社,1998金惠康.中国英语[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2003金惠康.跨文化交际翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2003金惠康.跨文化交际翻译续集[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2004金惠康.汉英文化旅游实用手册[M].广州:广东省旅游出版社,2003Baker,Mona.In Other Words:A Course book on Translation [M].外语教学与研究出版社and 劳特利奇出版社,2000Burton Raffel.The Art of Translating Poetry [M].The Pennsylvania State University Press,1988 Cao Xueqin.The Story of the Stone[Z].trans.Hawkes,D.London:Penguin Books Ltd,1973 Cao,Xueqin.A Dream of Red Mansions [Z].trans.Yang Hsienyi and Gladys Yang.Beijing:Foreign Language Press,1994.Dan Sheng.Literary Stylistics and Fictional Translation[M].北京大学出版社,1998Derald Wing Sue and David Sue.Counseling the Culturally Different:theory and practice[M],Publishing Company,Belmont California,1990 John Wiley and Sons,Inc USAGrosjean,Francois.Life with Two Languages:an introduction to bilingualism[M].Cambridge,Harvard University Press,1982Hymes,nguage in Culture and Society[M].NY:Harper and Row,1964Larry A.Samovar,Richard munication between Cultures[M].Wadsworth,1991Jin,Huikang and Wang,Weigang(金惠康/王维纲).JEFC and SEFC EnglishMethodology[M].Guiyang:Guizhou Minorities Publishing House,1996Jin,Huikang.Guizhou Tourism[M].Guizhou Educational Publishing House,Guiyang,PRC,1999 Jin,Huikang.Aspects of Guangdong Province [M].Guangzhou:Cartographic Publishing House of Guangdong Province,2002.Larry E.Smith.Discourse Across Cultures — Strategies in World Englishes[M].Prentice Hall International(UK)Ltd,1987Newmark,Peter.Approaches to Translation[M].Herfodshire:Prentice Hall,1986.Nida,Eugene nguage,Culture and Translating[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Press,1993.Pinkham,Joan.TRANSLATOR’S GUIDE TO CHINGLISH[M].外语教学与研究出版社,2000 Raymond Gozzi,Jr.New Words — and A Changing American Culture [M].University of South Carolina Press,1990Saville/Troike,Murie.The Ethnography of Communication[M].Oxford:Basil Blackwell,1983 Wallerstein,nguage and Culture in Conflict[M].Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,Inc USA,1983Samovar,Larry A and Porter,Richard E and Stefani,Lisa munication Between Cultures [M].外语教学与研究出版社and汤姆森学习出版社,2000Scollon,Ron and Scollon,Suzanne Wong.Intercultural Communication:A Discourse Approach [M].外语教学与研究出版社and布莱克韦尔出版社,2000Venuti,Lawrence:The Translator’s Invisibility [M].London & New York:Routledge,1995.。
目录《圣经》与英语文学 (4)大学德语四级考试训练 (5)大学英语六级考试辅导 (6)大学英语四级考试辅导 (7)当代西方翻译研究 (8)德语(第二外语) (10)德语综合技能培养与实践.................................................... 11读解提高篇................................................................ 12德语语法词汇练习..................................................................................................................... 12读解挑战篇................................................................ 14法语(第二外语).......................................................... 15翻译的文体分析模式........................................................ 16翻译工作坊................................................................ 17翻译教学法................................................................ 18翻译理论与技巧............................................................ 19翻译理论与实践.. (20)高级日语.................................................................. 21高级英语(一、二)........................................................ 22汉英文体翻译.............................................................. 23汉语语言学研究............................................................ 24基础日语.................................................................. 25基础日语综合练习.......................................................... 26交替传译(1-3)........................................................... 26科技德语.................................................................. 28科技日语.................................................................. 29英语口译.. (30)翻译理论与实践............................................................ 31口译初步与视译(1、2).................................................... 32跨文化交际与涉外礼仪...................................................... 33美国文学.................................................................. 34美学通论.................................................................. 35日本当红作家名作赏析...................................................... 36日本概况.................................................................. 37日本文化史................................................................ 38日本文学史................................................................ 39日本文学作品欣赏.......................................................... 40日本语概论................................................................ 41日企就职前培训............................................................ 42日语(第二外语).......................................................... 43日语古典文法.............................................................. 44日语古典文学作品选读...................................................... 45日语会话.................................................................. 461日语听力.................................................................. 47日语网上阅读.............................................................. 48日语应用文写作.. (49)日语语法.................................................................. 50日语阅读.................................................................. 51实用商贸德语.............................................................. 52商务日语.................................................................. 53生活在日本................................................................ 54诗歌翻译与欣赏............................................................ 55实践德语(一、二)........................................................ 56实用德语写作与翻译(一、二).............................................. 57实用翻译(1、2).......................................................... 58速记 .. (59)同声传译(1、2).......................................................... 60文化比较研究.............................................................. 61文学翻译(1、2).......................................................... 62西方文明简史.............................................................. 63希腊罗马神话与英语文学.................................................... 65新闻德语.................................................................. 66学术论文写作.............................................................. 67译著选读.. (68)译作比较与批评 (69)英国文学(一、二)........................................................ 70笔译(英汉翻译理论与实践)(一、二)...................................... 71英汉/汉英商务翻译......................................................... 72英美翻译简史.............................................................. 73英美文学史................................................................ 74英文小说汉译. (75)英语词汇学................................................................ 76英语国家概况. (77)英语教学法 (78)英语口语 (79)英语视听说................................................................ 80英语听力.................................................................. 81英语网上阅读.............................................................. 82英语写作.................................................................. 83英语演讲.. (84)英语应用语言学 (85)英语语音 (86)英语语音提高 (87)英语阅读 (88)英语阅读技能培养与实践 (89)日语影视经典名著欣赏...................................................... 90日语影视作品欣赏(1、2).................................................. 912语篇分析.................................................................. 92语言学导论................................................................ 93中国翻译简史. (94)中西翻译史(1、2) (95)专业八级测试—听力 (96)专业八级模拟测试 (97)专业四级测试—听力与听写 (98)专业四级测试—听力与写作 (99)英语专业四级测试—写作.................................................. 100专业四级模拟测试........................................................ 101综合德语(1—4)........................................................ 102综合英语................................................................ 1033《圣经》与英语文学课程代码:63135000课程名称:《圣经》与英语文学英文名称:the Bible and English Literature学分:1 开课学期:第9学期授课对象:英语专业本科学生,英德双语专业本科学生,翻译专业本科学生课程主任:张彩波,副教授,硕士课程简介:本课程的主旨是从文学的角度解读《圣经》;从英语文学作品中探究《圣经》的影踪。
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闽江学院《翻译理论与实践》课程(学生课外阅读参考书目)1、 Bell, Roger. T。
1991, 2001. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice [M]. London:Longman Group UK Ltd.;Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.2、 Benjamin, W。
1993。
The Task of the Translator[A]。
In: L。
Venuti ed. 2000. The TranslationStudies Reader[C]. London & New York: Routledge。
3、 Davis, K. 2004。
Deconstruction and Translation [M]. Shanghai: ShanghaiForeignLanguage Education Press。
4、 Hatim, Basil and Mason, Ian. 1990, 2001。
Discourse and the Translator[M]。
London:Longman Group UK Ltd.; Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press。
1.2词性转换法⊙名词转换1.a good sailor【译文】不晕船2.a slow walker【译文】走得慢3.a heavy smoker【译文】烟抽得很多/烟鬼4.a big eater【译文】吃得很多/能吃/饭量大5.a great believer in...【译文】笃信……6.the greatest sufferer【译文】受苦(害)最深7.the best singer【译文】唱得最好/最好的歌唱家8.a good swimmer【译文】很会游泳9.a good loser【译文】输得起10.the worst dancer【译文】最不会跳舞11.an early riser【译文】早起(床)的人12.a hard worker【译文】勤奋工作13.a fast runner【译文】跑得很快14.a slick talker【译文】能说会道/耍嘴皮子/耍花腔15.a willing worker【译文】乐意干活16.a duelist【译文】好决斗17.a good observer【译文】善于观察18.a great joker【译文】很会开玩笑19.a light sleeper【译文】睡眠时易醒/睡不熟/易警醒20.a good thief【译文】很会偷/善偷21.a bad liar【译文】不会说谎/很不善于撒谎22.a rapid writer【译文】笔头快/下笔快/写得快23.a good whistler【译文】口哨吹得好24.a bit of a fancier【译文】有点喜欢胡思乱想25.a good looker【译文】很好看/很漂亮/美人26.a master complicator【译文】真会捣乱27.a loner【译文】喜欢孤独的人/独立自主的人/不合群28.a clock-watcher【译文】老是看钟等下班(或下课等)的工人(或学生等)29.the best hater【译文】最会记仇30.a worrier【译文】放心不下/担心/发愁31.an idler or a loafer【译文】游手好闲/懒汉/闲荡32.a good worker【译文】干得好33.The speakers called for the downfall of imperialism,abolition of exploitation of man by man,liberation of the oppressed of China and the world.(G.Hatem:A Tribute)【译文】讲演者号召人们打倒帝国主义,消灭人剥削人的制度,解放中国和世界受压迫者。
一、分句法1. The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements.(中国人似乎为他们在经济上取得的成就而自豪,这是合乎情理的。
)2. Incidentally, I hope to get better medical treatment in these countries than I can possibly get here in the United States.(顺便提一下,我希望在这些国家得到比我在美国这里所能得到的更好的治疗。
)3. They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.(他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇的。
)4. Chairman Mao might have spoken with understandable pride of his policy of “self-reliance”.(毛主席在谈到他的“自力更生”的政策时,也许有些自豪感,这是可以理解的。
)5. That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.(那地区是个麻烦地方,这是大家最容易得出来的。
)6. He had long been held in cordial contempt by his peers; now that contempt was no longer cordial.(长期以来,他的同僚虽然看不起他,却还是对他有些亲切感;现在,除看不起之外,亲切感也没有了。
)7. A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle.(我离开那个单人掩体速度之快,要是拍成电影的话,会象出膛的子弹一样。
)8. As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity.(作为居住的地方,这里有许多不足之处。
1.1解包袱法1.the first black president【译文】第一位与黑人关系密切的总统2.the first woman president【译文】第一位关心妇女问题的总统3.presidential historian【译文】专门研究总统生平的历史学家4.opinion leader【译文1】能影响或左右舆论的人【译文2】意见领袖(台湾译法)kboy【译文】送牛奶的男孩6.fireman【译文】消防员7.postman【译文】送邮件的人8.sick room【译文】病房9.criminally insane【译文】刑事法庭鉴定为患有精神病10.a morning person【译文】习惯早起的人11.a body shop【译文】车身修理厂(洗车店)12.manage forests sustainably【译文】管理森林,以便使其可以持续发展13.digital gap【译文】数字鸿沟/数位落差(台湾译法)【解析】对于已经形成相对固定的说法的包袱,可不解。
14.peak load【译文】峰值负荷15.satellite communications ground station equipment repairer【译文】卫星通讯地面站设备维修人员16.The divorce is less culturally acceptable in a society that is family-oriented.【译文】在以家庭为中心的社会文化背景下,离婚是难以接受的。
17.I am pleased to be here to offer a U.S.business perspective on one of today’s great quality challenges:building a high skills/high wage workforce.【译文】我很高兴能来此介绍一下美国商界对当今我们在素质方面所面临的挑战的看法,这项挑战就是如何建立一支高技术、高薪金的劳动队伍。
作业讲评:这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中,有着各自不同的生活经历,但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记,都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。
在世纪之交的伟大时代,我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强,海峡两岸人民也将加强交流,共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。
世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。
跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪,这是我们必须回答的问题。
The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it was, enabled us to see many places and meet old friends while making new acquaintances. An important topic of discussion was how the Chinese nation could become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts and have different experiences of life, they all bear in the innermost recesses of their hearts an indelible mark of the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation. In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is moving toward greater prosperity. People across the Taiwan Straits are to promote exchanges and work together for achieving earlier reunification of our motherland . The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the forefront of the historical arena (stage). In what way should the young generation embrace the new century replete with hopes? This is a question to which we have to seek an answer.indicate (SHOW) verb[T]to show, point or make clear in another way:Exploratory investigations have indicated large amounts of oil below the sea bed.[+ question word] Please indicate wh ich free gift you would like to receive.[+ (that)] She indicated to me (that) she didn't want me to say anything.indication noun[C or U]There are few indications (that) the economy is on an upswing.Helen's face gave no indication of what she was thinking.indicative adjectivebeing or relating to a sign that something exists, is true, or is likely to happen: Resumption of the talks is indicative of an improving relationship between the countries. indicator noun[C]Commodity prices can be a useful indicator of inflation, he claimed.an economic indicatorsomersault , noun[C]a rolling movement or jump, either forwards or backwards, in which you turn over completely, with your body above your head, and finish with your head on top again: She was so happy she turned three somersaults on the lawn.somersault , verb[I]The bus plunged down the embankment, somersaulted twice and finally landed on its side. nestle Show phoneticsverb[I or T; + adverb or preposition]1to rest yourself or part of your body in a warm, comfortable and protected position: She nestled (her head) against his shoulder.2to be in, or put something in, a protected or sheltered position, with bigger things around it:Bregenz is a pretty Austrian town that nestles between the Alps and Lake Constance. nestling Show phoneticsnoun[C]a young bird which has not yet learned to fly and still lives in the nest built by its parents翻译知识与对策:成语、熟语和歇后语的翻译汉语中的大量成语、熟语源自民间传说或历史典故。
试将以下与《三国演义》中人物或事件有关的熟语译成英语:1万事俱备,只欠东风2身在曹营心在汉3三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮4大意失荆州5司马昭之心,路人皆知6周瑜打黄盖,一个愿打,一个愿挨7赔了夫人又折兵8过五关,斩六将9三顾茅庐10单刀赴会1Everything is ready, and all we need is an east wind—all is ready except what is crucial2Like the case of Xu Shu(徐庶) who was staying in Cao Cao‟s army in person, but was always thinking of joining Liu Bei—to serve someone only half-heartedly.3Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang, the master mind.4To lose the territory of Jingzhou, a strategic town in the Three Kingdoms Period, due tonegligence—suffer a loss because of carelessness. Carelessness may result in a heavy loss.5Sima Zhao‟s ill intent is known to all—the villain‟s design is obvious.6Like the case of Zhou Yu flogging Huang Gai. One is anxious to give the beating while the other is equally willing to take the beating.7to give one‟s enemy a wife and lose one‟s soldiers as well—pay a double penalty; instead of making a gain, suffer a double loss8(Lord Guan) slays six generals and breaches five passes9to make three calls at the thatched cottage (as Liu Bei did when he sought the aid of Zhuge Liang, a master strategist then living in seclusion), repeatedly request someone to take up a responsible post.10 A lone swordsman, Lord Guan, presents himself at Lu Su‟s feast.大量借用流传于民间的脍炙人口的熟语是《红楼梦》的一大语言特色。
出于不同的翻译理念,加上自身文化背景等方面的差异,杨、霍两位译者对熟语的处理不尽相同。
试比较下列A(杨译)、B(霍译)两种译文的异同:1.三天打鱼,两天晒网(第9回)A.…like the fisherman who fishes for three days and then suns his net for two.B.one day fishing and two days to dry the nets2.只许州官放火,不许民家点灯(第77回)A…like “the magistrate who goes for arson but won‟t allow common people to light alamp”B …Curfew for the common people, but the Prefect can light a fire.‟3. 生米做成了熟饭(第64回)A.The rice is already cooked.B.T he rice is cooked and it can‟t be uncooked.5.人怕出名猪怕壮(第83回)A. Bad for a man to be famed, and bad for a pig to grow fat.B. Fattest pigs make choicest bacon; Famous men are for the taking.6.病来如山倒,病去如抽丝(第64回)A.Illness comes as fast as a wall falling down, but goes as slowly as unraveling a cocoon.B.Sickness comes like an avalanche but goes like reeling silk7.嫁出去的女,泼出去的水(第81回)A. A married daughter—spilt water.B.Marry a daughter, throw out the water8.嫁鸡随鸡,嫁狗随狗(第81回)A.Marry a cock and follow the cock; marry a dog and follow the dog.B. When rooster crows at break of day,All his hen-folk must obey.No choice for a dog‟s wifeBut to make the best of a dog‟s life.9.癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉(第11回)i. A toad hankering for a taste of swan.ii.The toad on the ground wanting to eat the goose in the sky.10. 拼得一身剐,敢把皇帝拉下马(第68回)b)One who will risk being sliced to pieces dare unsaddle the Emperor.B. The man sentenced to death by a thousand cuts will dare to pull the Emperor offhis horse.11.心病终须心药治,解铃还得系铃人(第90回)a)The cure for a broken heart is heartening news;The knot must be untied by the one who tied it.B. No remedy but love can make the lovesick well;Only the hand that tied the knot c an loose the tiger‟s bell.12.留得青山在,不愁没柴烧(第82回)a)As long as the mountain‟s there we shan‟t lack fuel.b)Keep the hill green, keep the hill green,And you‟ll never lack fuel for winter again.13.天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福(第11回)a)Storms gather without warning in nature, and bad luck befalls men overnight.b)The weather and human life are both unpredictable.14.胖子也不是一口儿吃的。