辣椒粗脂肪提取最佳条件优化研究

定植密度与施肥量对遵辣8号果实辣椒素及粗脂肪含量的影响田浩;王国书;耿广东;周安韦;廖卫琴;王需昌【摘要】为探索遵辣8号高品质的优化栽培方案,采用4因素5水平二次正交旋转回归设计,研究定植密度与N、P和K肥施用量4个因素对遵辣8号果实辣椒素和果实粗脂肪的影响,并建立遵辣8号的辣椒素、粗脂肪与各试验因素的数学回归模型.结果表明:4因素对辣椒果实辣椒素含量影响依次为施N量＞施P量＞施K量＞定植密度;密度为7 583～8 417株/667m2,施N量为27.78～33.20 kg/667m2,施P量为12.51～15.50 kg/667m2,施K量为33.10～37.15 kg/667m2是辣椒素高含量的最优栽培方案.4因素对辣椒果实粗脂肪含量影响依次为定植密度＞施P 量＞施N量＞施K量;定植密度为6 689～7 778株/667m2,施N量为25.97～31.48 kg/667m2,施P量为12.56～15.11 kg/667m2,施K量为25.98～31.47 kg/667m2是粗脂肪高含量的最优栽培方案.%The effects of panting density,N,P and K level on capsicin and crude fat content of Zunla 8 were studied by the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination design and the mathematical regression models between capsicin content,crude content and four different factors were established to discuss the optimum cultivation scheme for cultivation of Zunla 8 with a high quality.Results:The effect of four factors on capsicin content of Zunla 8 is N level ＞ P level ＞K level ＞planting density.The optimum cultivation scheme for high capsicin content of Zunla 8 includes 7 583 ～ 8 417 plants/667m2 of planting density,27.78～33.20 kg/667m2 of N level,12.51～15.50 kg/667m2 of P level and 33.10～37.15 kg/667m2 of K level.The effect of four factors oncrude fat content of Zunla 8 is planting density＞ P level＞N level＞ K level The optimum cultivation scheme for high crude fat content of Zunla 8 includes 6 689～ 7 778 plants/667m2 of planting density,25.97～31.48kg/667m2 of N level,12.56～15.11 kg/667m2 of P level and 25.98～31.47kg/667m2 of K level.【期刊名称】《贵州农业科学》【年(卷),期】2017(045)003【总页数】5页(P53-57)【关键词】辣椒;遵辣8号;定植密度;氮磷钾肥;辣椒素;粗脂肪【作者】田浩;王国书;耿广东;周安韦;廖卫琴;王需昌【作者单位】遵义市农业科学研究院,贵州遵义536000;贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025;凤冈县农业局,贵州凤冈536400;贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025;遵义市农业科学研究院,贵州遵义536000;遵义市农业科学研究院,贵州遵义536000;遵义市农业科学研究院,贵州遵义536000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S641.3遵义朝天椒以其辣味适中、香味浓厚的独有特色，深受广大消费者喜爱，是“老干妈”“贵三红”等辣椒食品加工企业的原料来源，是遵义市的主要农作物，也是当地农民增收致富的重要渠道［1］。

油料作物中粗脂肪的提取及油脂的性质鉴定09级制药工程一班李楠摘要：该文研究了用浸出法从油料作物花生中提取粗脂肪。

浸出法是一种较先进的制油方法,它是应用固液萃取的原理,选用某种能够溶解油脂的有机溶剂,经过对油料的接触(浸泡或喷淋) ,使油料中油脂被萃取出来的一种方法[1]。

其仪器主要为索氏提取器。

然后通过皂化反应，酸碱反应等鉴定出油脂的性质。

关键词：粗脂肪提取油脂鉴定Extraction of crude fat in oil crops and theidentification of the nature of oil09 Class1 pharmaceutical EngineeringAbstract: This paper studies the leaching method used to extract fat from the peanut oil crops. Leaching method is a more advanced-oil method, which is the application of the principle of solid-liquid extraction, the choice of some organic solvent to dissolve oil, after the contact of oil (soak or spray), so that fuel oil is extracted in the A method [1]. The mainly instrument is the Sechelt extractor. Then we can identify the nature of oil by specification, acid-base reaction.Key words: Crude fat Extraction Grease Identification正文：花生是我国主要的油料作物和经济作物,我国各地均有栽培。

摘要：以新鲜红辣椒为原料，选择不同溶剂配比、料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间作为考查因素，以β-胡萝卜素提取率为指标进行单因素试验，然后采用正交试验进一步优化提取工艺。

结果表明，提取该色素的最佳工艺条件为以丙酮-石油醚（3∶7，V/V）为提取溶剂，料液比1∶6（g∶mL），浸提温度45℃，浸提时间20min，在此条件下β-胡萝卜素提取率可达4.31mg/g，值得进一步深入研究。

关键词：辣椒；β-胡萝卜素；提取；超声辅助中图分类号：TS202.3文献标志码：A doi：10.16693/ki.1671-9646（X）.2020.11.011（Engineering College，China Pharmceutical University，Nanjing，Jiangsu211198，China）A single factor experiment was designed to explore the relationship and trend between the solvent，the ratio of solidto liquid，the time of extraction，the temperature of extraction and the yield ofβ-carotene，and then the optimum extraction process was obtained by orthogonal design optimization experiment.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows：acetone-petroleum ether（3∶7，V/V）was used as extraction solvent，the ratio of solid to liquid was1∶6（g∶mL），the ultrasonic temperature was45℃and the ultrasonic time was20min.Under this conditions，the extraction rate ofβ-carotene was4.31mg/g，and its transformation to industrial scale production needs to be further studied.capsicum；β-carotene；extraction；ultrasonic assistance红辣椒中类胡萝卜素提取方法及工艺条件优化研究王岁楼，谢雯丽（中国药科大学工学院，江苏南京211198）收稿日期：2020-06-25作者简介：王岁楼（1961—），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为食品加工与安全控制。