专八文学超全总结及精选真题

专八试卷真题及答案解析在每年的6月和12月，中国的英语学习者们都会迎来一场重要的考试——英语专业八级（英语专八）考试。

作为中国英语专业水平的高级考试，专八考试对学生的英语综合能力、语法、阅读理解、写作以及口语表达能力都有较高的要求。

考生们在备考过程中经常会找一些专八试卷真题和答案进行练习和复习。

本文将为大家提供一些专八试卷真题及答案的解析。

一、阅读理解阅读理解是专八考试的难点之一，而其中的长篇阅读理解尤为考生头疼。

下面是一道关于心理学的长篇阅读理解。

In the 1960s, a new movement emerged in the United States called the "human potential movement." There were different branches of this movement, but they had a common goal: to help people reach their full potential. In theory, this involved developing the mind, body, and spirit.One of the most influential branches of the human potential movement was transpersonal psychology. Transpersonal psychology explores the spiritual aspects of human experience, including mysticism, meditation, and altered states of consciousness. It rejects the idea that psychology should only focus on the normal and healthy aspects of human behavior, and instead looks at the whole range of human experience.Transpersonal psychology is based on the belief that there is more to human experience than what can be measured or observed by traditional scientific methods. It suggests that there is a spiritual dimension to our lives, and that by exploring this dimension, we can achieve higher levels of consciousness and self-awareness.One of the key practices in transpersonal psychology is meditation. Meditation has been used for thousands of years as a way to quiet the mind and achieve a state of deep relaxation. It can also be used as a tool for self-discovery and personal growth.Another practice commonly used in transpersonal psychology is the use of altered states of consciousness. This can be achieved through techniques such as hypnosis, guided imagery, or the use of psychoactive substances. The goal of using these altered states of consciousness is to gain insight into oneself and the world around us.The main criticism of transpersonal psychology is that it lacks scientific evidence to support its claims. Many psychologists argue that the experiences reported by practitioners of transpersonal psychology can be explained by other psychological phenomena, such as suggestion or placebo effects. However, supporters of transpersonal psychology argue that science is still limited in its ability to measure and explain all aspects of human experience.根据以上的文章，下面是一些问题和答案的解析：1. What was the goal of the human potential movement?解析：The goal of the human potential movement was to help people reach their full potential.2. What is transpersonal psychology based on?解析：Transpersonal psychology is based on the belief that there is more to human experience than what can be measured or observed by traditional scientific methods.3. What is one of the key practices in transpersonal psychology?解析：One of the key practices in transpersonal psychology is meditation.4. What is the main criticism of transpersonal psychology?解析：The main criticism of transpersonal psychology is that it lacks scientific evidence to support its claims.通过以上的解析，考生可以更好地了解长篇阅读理解题目的要求以及答案的出处和解释。

一．美国概况1. The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is the Mississippi River.（密西西比河也是美国最长最为重要的河流，被美国人“众河之父”Father of Waters）2. Non-Hispanic white is the largest racial group in the whole population of U.S. A.3. Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is African Americans. 2000年前美国黑人是美国人数最多的少数民族，2000年后Hispanics/Latinos也就是拉丁裔的美国人成为美国人数最多的少数民族。

4. America has the world's oldest written constitution and political party.5. As to roles of American president, which is NOT precisely defined in the U. S. Constitution?A. He is the head of the stateB. He is the chief executive of the U. S.C. He is the commander in chief of the armed forcesD. He is the head of his political party6. The economic problems caused by the depression in 1929 were eventually solved by the New Deal. （proposed by F. D. Roosevelt）7. The New England region's cultural character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit.8. California is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.9. Which of the following is NOT America's newspaper?A. Wall Street JournalB. USA todayC. Guardian （英国《卫报》）D. The Milwaukee Journal10. ABC, CBS, NBC, PBS, CNN, MTV, HBO等都是美国主要的新闻与有线电视网络（News and Cable Networks）11. To the west of mainland America lies the Pacific Ocean. 美国大陆东部则是大西洋。

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TEM8 人文知识文学部分●测试要求：能初步具备英语文学知识。

●考点：重要作家、作品、流派、文学类型、年份●分值：3分Quiz1. George Bernard Shaw was a(n)__A. playwrightB. poetC. novelistD. essayist2. John Galsworthy was most famous for___.A. Heart of DarknessB. UlyssesC. The Forsyte SagaD. A Passage to India3. The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by___.A. Henry JamesB. O. HenryC. Harriet Beecher StowerD. Mark Twain4. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A. NatureB. Walde nC. The Scarlet LetterD. The Fall of the House of Usher5. The book that gives a fairly accurate picture of southern plantation life is __.A. An American TragedyB. The Call of the WildC. Uncle Tom’s CabinD. A Hazard of New Fortunes6. Which of the following is NOT the Noble Prize winner?A. Ernest HemingwayB. Eugene O’NeilC. William FaulknerD. F. Scott Fitzgerald7. What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?A. NovelB. DramaC. EssayD. Poetry8. Which of the following is the novel by Jane Austen?A. FrankensteinB. Sense and SensibilityC. Kuba KhanD. Don Juan9. Which is William Thackeray’s masterpiece?A. The VirginiansB. V anity FairC. The Book of SnobsD. The News Comes10. Which of the following writers was NOT associated with modernism?A. D.H. LawrenceB. E. M. ForsterC. Charles DickensD. Virginia Woolf(1—5：A C D B C 6-10: D B B B C)Basic Literary Genre●Poem●drama●Essay●Fiction●Short storyPoemA. Narrative:●RomanceRomance: It is a literary genre popular in the Middle Ages(5th century to 15th century), dealing, in verse or prose, with legendary, supernatural, or amorous(恋爱的）subjects and characters.The tern was applied to tales specifically concerned with knights, chivalry, and courtly love. Popular subjects for romances included the Macedonian King Alexander the Great, King Arthur of Britain and the Knights of the Round Table. Later prose and verse narrative, particularly those in the 19th-century romantic tradition, are also referred to as romances; set in distant or mythological places and times, like most romances they stress adventure and supernatural elements.●Ballads（民歌，歌谣）:three eight-line stanzas with a concluding stanza of four liens called an envoy(结尾）●Epic: (Homer,荷马）Iliad ,Odyssey，BeowulfEpic: It is, originally, an oral long narrative poem, majestic both in theme and style.Epics deal with legendary or historical events of national or universal significance,involving action of broad sweep and grandeur. Most epics deal with the exploits of a single individual, thereby giving unity to the composition. Typically, an epic includes several features: the introduction of supernatural forces that shape the action; conflict in the form of battles or other physical combat; the stylistic conventions such as an invocation (祈祷）to the Muse, a formal statement of the theme, long Lists of the protagonists involved, and set speeches couched in elevated language. Epic poems are not merely entertaining stories of legendary or historical heroes; they summarize and express the nature or ideals of an entire nation at a significant or crucial period of its history. The characteristics of the hero of an epic are national rather than individual. At other times epic may synthesize the ideals ofa great religious or cultural movement. The Divine Comedy by the Italian poet Dante expresses thefaith of medieval Christianity. The Faerie Queene by the English poet Edmund Spenser represents the spirit of the Renaissance in England and like Paradise Lost by John Milton, represents the ideals of Christian humanism.B. Lyric:●Sonnet,Sonnet: It is a lyric poem of 14 lines with a formal rhyme scheme, expressing different aspects of a single thought, mood, or feeling, sometimes resolved or summed up in the last lines of the poem.Two main forms of the sonnet are:The Petrarchan, or Italian (8+6)：octave+sestetE.g. Elizabeth Browning: Sonnets from the PortugueseThe English, or Shakesperean(4+4+4+2: three quatrains +one couplet(Robert Browning: Ulysses, written in the form of dramatic monologue)Spenserian Stanza: In The Faerie Queene, Spenser, a poet in the 16th century, originated a nine-line verse stanza, now known as the Spenserian stanza: the first eight lines are iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格）, and the ninth, iambic hexameter (六步抑扬格）.●ode（颂诗）Ode: It is a dignified and elaborately structured lyric poem praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature intellectually rather than emotionally. Odes originally songs performed to the accompaniment of a musical instrument.Eg.Percy B. Shelly: Ode to the West WindJohn Keats: Ode to a Nightgale(夜莺颂）Ode on Melancholy (忧郁颂），Ode on a Grecian Urn (希腊古瓮颂）●elegy (挽歌）●Elegy: It is, originally in classical Greek and Roman literature, a poem composed ofcouplets. Classical elegies addressed various subjects, including love, lamentation, and politics, and were characterized by their metric form. The best elegy in English is Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, written by Thomas Gray, which treats not just a single death but the human condition as well. The most famous example of the pastoral elegy is Lycidas, by the English poet John Milton.●Free Verse(不受格律约束的)自由诗体A type of poetry that deliberately seeks to free itself from the restriction imposed bytraditionally fixed conventions of meter, rhyme, and stanza. Free verse is now often poetry in open forms.E.g. Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass●Blank Verse无韵诗，素体诗（不押韵的五音步诗行）Blank verse is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme. In English, the meter most commonly used with blank verse has been iambic pentameter●Dramatic IronyThe reader’s awareness of a discrepancy (difference) between a character’s perception of his or her own situation or activities, or of their consequences and the true nature of that situation or those consequences. E.g. It is frequently employed in Shakespeare’s many plays such as The Merchant of V enice, Macbeth and so on.A Brief Survey of British Literature●I.Old and Medieval English Literature(5th-14th Century)●II. The Renaissance Period (14th- mid-17th)●III. The Neoclassical Period（mid-17th-18th century）●IV. The Romantic Period (1798-1832)●V. The Victorian Period (1837-1901)●VI. The Modern Period (late 19th C---)I. Old and Medieval English Literature(5th-14th Century)A. The historical backgroundSince the historical times England where the early inhabitants were Celts has been conquered three times. It was conquered by the Romans, the English, and the Normans. And of the three it was only the English conquest that had lasting effects.(1) In 43 A.D. the Romans landed in Britain, and ruled England for almost 4 centuries, but the Celts still kept their own language, custom and religion.(2)When the Roman Empire declined and its troops left England, the tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes invaded the island from Northern Europe around the fifth century. They drove the native Celts away from England into Wales, Scotland, and even into Ireland across the sea. The three tribes gradually settled down and mixed into a whole people called English.(3) In 1066, the Normans conquered England.B. Important writers and worksEnglish Epic:BeowulfGeoffrey Chaucer (1340?-1400): The Canterbury Tales(The first Realistic writer, father of English poetry, Master of the English language)II. The Renaissance Period (14th- mid-17th)●It first started in Florence and Venice of Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture andarchitecture. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.●The word “Renaissance”, which means rebirth or revival, is usually regarded as the result of a newemphasis upon the newly discovered Greek and Roman classics and the combination or comprise of a newly interpreted Christian tradition and an ardently admired tradition of pagan classical culture. The essence of the Renaissance is Humanism.●Renaissance, therefore, is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholarsmade attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to lift the restriction in all areas placed by the Roman Catholic church authorities.Important writers and works●Thomas More( 1478-1535): Utopia 《乌托邦》●Edmund Spenser (1552-1599): The Faerie Queen《仙后》;The Shepherd Calendar《牧羊人日志》●Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593): Edward II,Dr. Faustus,Tamburlaine 《帖木耳大帝》,The Jew of Malta,The Passionate Shepherd to His Love●William Shakespeare (1564-1616): History plays, comedy, tragedy, romantic tragicomediesThe greatest four tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethComedies: The Comedy of Errors,Love’s Labour’s Lost,As You like It,Twelfth Night,The Merchant of Venice,The Merry Wives of Windsor,Much Ado About Nothing●Ben Jonson : The Alchemist《炼金术士》●Francis Bacon: Essays●John Donne: (the representative of the metaphysics of the 17th century) The Elegies and SatiresJohn Milton: Paradise Lost,Paradise Regain,Samson Agonistes●John Bunyan: The Pilgrim’s Progress 《天路历程》III. The Neoclassical Period（mid-17th-18th century）The eighteenth-century England is also, better, known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement going on throughout Europe at the time. The Enlightenment celebrated reason (rationality),equality, science and human beings’ ability to perfect themselves and their societyLiterature of the Period:●Neoclassical poetry and prose ( the last decades of the 17th to the early decades of the 18th century) ●The rise and flourish of modern realistic novel in the middle years of the 18th century●Gothic novel and the sentimental and pre-romantic poetry and fiction in the last decades of the18th century.Important writers and works●Alexander Pope (1688-1744): An Essay on Criticism;Odyssey;The Rape of the Lock●Daniel Defoe (1660-1731): Robinson Crusoe●Samuel Richardson (1689-1761): Pamela●Henry Fielding (father of the English novel): The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling●Samuel Johnson: A Dictionary of the English Language●Jonathan Swift: A Modest Proposal●Gulliver’s Travels: a satire on the 18th-century English society. It includes four parts: Lilliput (小人国）, Brobdingnag (巨人国），flying Island of Laputa, Houyhnhnms (horses with reasons)●Thomas Gray: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard《墓园挽歌》IV. The Romantic Period (1798-1832)●English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death.●The Romantic period is an age of poetry. In the preface to the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth defines poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility.”Important poets & poems of the period●Robert Burns(1759-1796) (famous for his poems written in Scots):My Heart’s in the Highland;A Red, Red Rose●William Blake (1757-1827):Song of Experience;Song of InnocenceLake PoetsWilliam Wordsworth (1770-1850):Lyrical Ballads,(worshipper of nature) My Heart Leaps Up,The Prelude 《序曲》,To the Cuckoo●Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834): Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》;The Fall of theBastille●Robert Southey : John of Arc《圣女贞德》Byron, Shelley, and Keats●George Gordon Byron (1788-1824): Cain,Don Juan,Oriental Tales《东方叙事诗》●Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822):Ode to a Skylark《云雀颂》Ode to the West Wind,Prometheus Unbound《解放的普罗米修斯》●John Keats（1795-1821）:Ode on a Grecian Um,Ode to AutumnOde to Nightingale●Mary Shelly: Frankenstein 《科学怪人》其他:●Jane Austen ( 1775-1817):Emma,Mansfield Park,Pride and Prejudice,Sense and Sensibility,Northanger Abbey,Persuasion●Sir Walter Scott: historical novelsV. The Victorian Period (1837-1901)By this time, romanticism gradually gave way to realism, and the novel gradually became the dominant form of literature.●Two Poets:●Alfred Tennyson: Idylls of the King《国王之歌》●Robert Browning: famous for his dramatic monologueThe Seraphim and other poems《天使及其他》, The Ring and the Book《戒指与书》（his masterpiece)Important writers and works●Charles Dickens (1812-1870): A Tale of Two Cities,David Copperfield,Great Expectations,Oliver Twist,Hard Times,The Old Curiosity Shop 《老古玩店》,Bleak House 《荒凉之屋》●William Thackeray（1811-1863）: Vanity Fair《名利场》●Thomas Hardy(1840-1928): Far From the Madding CrownJude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》Tess of the D’UrbervillesThe Mayor of CasterbridgeThe Return of the NativeUnder the Greenwood Tree 《绿荫下》●Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)(put forward aestheticism : art for art’s sake):The Picture of Dorain GrayAn Ideal HusbandA Woman of No Importance●Robert Louis Stevenson: Treasure IslandWomen Writers: Bronte Sisters and George Eliot●Charlotte Bronte: Jane EyreProfessorShirley●Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights●Anne Bronte: Agnes Grey●George Eliot：Middlemarch,The Mill on the Floss,Silas Marner 《职工马南传》VI. The Modern Period (late 19th C---)Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the idea of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself.(1)Modernism marks a strong and conscious break with the past.(2)Modernism emphasizes on the need to move away from the public to the private, from the objectiveto the subjective.(3)Modernism upholds a new view of time by emphasizing the psychic time over the chronologicalone.(4)Modernism is a reaction against realism. The works can be labeled as anti-novel, anti-poetry, oranti-drama.Famous Irish Authors(1)George Bernald Shaw (1856-1950):He is considered as the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare. Some of his plays can be termed as problem plays. He got Nobel Prize in 1925.Major Barbara 《芭芭拉少校》Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionWidowers’ HousesPygmalion《皮格马力翁》Man and Superman, Arms and ManThe Apple CartThe Devil’s Disciple(2)William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)(got Noble Prize in 1923):The Land of Heart’s Desire(3)James Joyce (1882-1941): (famous fo r his “stream of consciousness)A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManDublinersUlyssesFinnegans WakeOther Important Writers●Virginia Woolf (1882-1941): Mrs. Dalloway,To the LighthouseThe Waves 《海浪》● D.H. Lawrence (1885-1930): Lady Chatterley’s LoversSons and Lovers,The Rainbow,The White Peacock,Women in Love●T.S.Eliot(1888-1965) (got Noble Prize in 1948 for his poem Four Quartets. Poet, dramatist &Critic.): Murder in the CathedralThe Waste LandOn Poetry & PoetsThe Use of Poetry●Joseph Conrad: Heart of DarknessLord Jim● E.M.Foster: A Passage to IndiaA Room with a View●John Galsworthy: （got Noble Prize in 1932): The Forsyte Saga《福塞特家史》A Modern ComedyTo LetOther Noble Prize winners:●Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot (1969)●Rudyard Kipling: the first English author to be awarded the Noble Prize for literature in 1907.●W.B. Yeats (1923)A Brief Survey of American LiteratureOutline:●The Literature around the Independence Revolution (mid-17th-18th Century)●American Romanticism (1810-1865)●American Realism (1865-1910)●American Naturalism●American Modernism(1912--)●African American Writers●American DramaI. The Literature around the Independence Revolution (mid-17th-18th Century)●Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790): The AutobiographyPoor Richard’s Almanac●Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826): third president of the U.S. (1801-1809), author of The Declarationof Independence. (the 2nd president of the U.S. is John Adams)●Philip Freneau: poet of the American RevolutionII. American Romanticism (1810-1865)American Romanticism was also called American Renaissance. It was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. For romantics, the feelings, the intuitions and emotions were more important than reason and common sense. They emphasized individualism, placing the individual against the group.1. Early Romantic Writers●Washington Irving (1783-1859): Rip V an WinkleThe Legend of Sleepy HollowThe Sketch Book《见闻札记》●James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851): The Last of the Mohicans《最后的莫希干人》The Deerslayer《杀鹿者》The Prairie《大草原》边疆小说：The Pioneers《拓荒者》Leatherstocking Tales2. New England TranscendentalismIn 1836, Ralph Waldo Emerson published a little book called Nature. “The Universe is composed of Nature and the Soul,”it says. “Spirit is present everywhere.”Nature’s voice pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England Transcendentalism, the summit of American Romanticism.Transcendentalism(1)philosophical definition: The recognition of man’s obt aining (attaining) knowledge by transcendingthe reach of the senses/independent of senses, emphasizing intuition.(2) A literary movementa. emphasize spirit, or the Oversoul (超灵）as the most important thing in the universe.b. stress the importance of i ndividual, regarding the individual is divine.c. offer a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God. This in turn added to thetradition of literary symbolism in American literature.Two Great Transcendentalists●Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882）：Nature: the manifesto of American transcendentalismThe American Scholar: America’s Declaration of Intellectual IndependenceSelf-RelianceDivinity School AddressThe Transcendentalist●Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862): Walden 《瓦尔登湖》Civil Disobedience●(Louisa May Alcott : Little Women)3. Late Romantic Writers●Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864): The Scarlet LetterThe Hose of the Seven GablesThe Marble FaunMosses from an Old Manse《古屋青苔》●Herman Melville (1819-1891): Moby Dick;Typee●Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849): (father of the American detective stories)The Fall of the House of Usher;Poems: The Raven; To Helen4. Famous poets●Walt Whitman (1819-1892): Leaves of GrassSong of Myself●Emily Dickinson（1830-1886): I Heard a Fly Buzz When I DiedBecause I Could Not Stop for DeathMy Life Closed Twice before its CloseI Died for BeautyIII. American Realism (1865-1910)Major features of Realism:●Straightforward or matter-of-fact matter●Focus on commonness of the lives of the common people●Objective rather than idealistic view of human nature●Present moral visionsImportant writers and works●Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896): Uncle Tom’s Cabin●Mark Twain (1835-1910):local colorist (Hemingway once said, “All great American literature camefrom one book called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.”)The Adventures of Tom SawyerThe Adventures of Huckleberry FinnThe Gilded AgeThe Prince and the PauperThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,The Innocence Abroad●Henry James (1843-1916): He is considered the founder of psychological realism, and focuses oninternational themes.The AmericanThe Portrait of a LadyThe AmbassadorsThe Wings of the DoveDaisy MillerThe Golden BowlThe BosoniansIV. American Naturalism●Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945): Sister CarrieJennie GerhardtAn American Tragedy (his greatest work)●Stephen Crane (1871-1900): The Red Badge of CourageMaggie: A Girl of the Streets●Henry: the father of American short stories: Cabbages and Kings 《白菜与国王》Road of Destiny 《命运之路》The Cop and the AnthemThe Gift of the MagiA Service of Love《爱的牺牲》●Jack London: The Call of the WildThe Son of the WolfThe Sea-wolfWhite FangMartin EdenIV. American Modernism (1912--)1. Modern Poetry●Ezra Pound (1885-1972): In a Station of the MetroPisan Cantos《比萨诗章》●Robert Frost (1874-1963): His poetry focused on the landscape and people in New England.New Hampshire,Mending Wall,After Apple-picking,The Death of the Hired Man,The Road Not Taken●T.S. Eliot2. Modern Fiction●Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961): spokesman of the Lost GenerationA Farewell to ArmsFor Whom the Bell TollsThe Sun Also Rises (1925)The Old Man and the SeaDeath in the Afternoon● F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940): the literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.The Great GatsbyTender is the NightTales of the Jazz AgeThe Side of ParadiseThe Last Tycoon●William Faulkner: The Sound and the FuryLight in AugustAbsalom, AbsalomGo Down, Moses●John Steinbeck: The Grapes of WrathThe Pearl●John Dos Passos: U.S.A TrilogyMinor Writers●Sinclair Lewis(1885-1951): the first American writer to get Noble Prize for literatureMain StreetBaddit●J.D. Salinger: （1919--）: The Catcher in the Rye 《麦田的守望者》●Allen Ginsberg (1926-1997): Howl●Saul Bellow: (Jewish writer, got Nobel prize in 1976) Seize the Day●Joseph Heller: Catch-22●Jack Kerouac (1922-1969): On the Road《在路上》African American Writers●(1940s) Richard Wright:Native Son,Black Boy●(1950s) Ralph Ellison: Invisible Man●James Baldwin:Go Tell It on the Mountain (1954)●Alex Haley: Roots (1976)●Alice Walker: The Color Purple●Toni Morrison:( the first African American woman to get Nobel Prize in 1993)The Bluest Eye,BelovedSong of SolomonParadiseJazzAmerican Drama●Eugene O’Neill (1888-1953):美国戏剧之父The greatest American dramatist, and got PulitzerPrize for 4 times, and the Nobel Prize in 1936.Beyond the Horizon《天边外》（成名作）Emperor JonesAll the God’s Children Got WingsDesire Under the ElmsThe Iceman Cometh●Arthur Miller (1915--): Death of a SalesmanNoble Prize Winners●Sinclair Lewis (1930)●Eugene O’Neill (1936): Beyond the Horizon●T.S. Eliot (1948)●William Faulkner (1949)●Ernest Hemingway (1954)●John Steinbeck (1963): The Grapes of Wrath●Toni Morrison (1993)。

英国文学 (English Literature )一、Old and Medieval English Literature 中古英语文学(8 世纪-14 世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)A.Pagan poetry (异教诗歌): Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》 - 最早的诗歌；长诗 (3000 行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报B.Religious poetry: Caedmon (凯德蒙 610-680) : 《赞美诗》( Anthem) ,大多取材余《圣经》 (Bible )故事。

Cynewulf (基涅武甫 9C): 《十字架之梦》 ( Dream of the Rood)C.Anglo-Saxon prose : Venerable Bede (673-735) 《英吉利人教会史》 (Historian Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum )Alfred the Great (848-901)Father of English Prose 《盎格鲁 -撒克逊编年史》 ( Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ) 2) The Medieval Period 中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):Cavalier literature 骑士文学A. Romance 中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 《高文爵士与绿色骑士》 : Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400): the father of English poetry; Heroic couplet( 英雄双韵体 )The Canterbury Tales; The Parliament of Fowls ；The Book of the DuchessThe House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》William Langland (朗兰 1332-1400)： The Vision of Piers Plowman 《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》B. English ballads ( 15th C) Thomas Malory (1395-1471) : Morte d ' Arthu《r亚瑟王之死》 - 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660) :人文主义 humanism; 十四行诗 Sonnets; 无韵诗 Blank verse; 戏剧 Drama; 斯宾塞诗体 Spenserian ；University Wits 大学才子派1)诗歌a.Thomas Wyatt ( 怀亚特 1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb.Sir Philip Sidney (雪尼爵士 1554-1586) ：代表了当时的理想 - “the complete man ”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》 Astrophel and Stella 《爱星者与星》 ;Arcadia 《阿卡狄亚》 : a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc. Edmund Spenser （斯宾塞 1552-1599 ）: the poets ' poetThe Shepherd Calendar《牧人日历》； Amoretti《爱情小唱》The Faerie Queen《仙后》： long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the SpenserianStanza Spenserian Stanza（斯宾塞诗体）: Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic（抑扬格）pentameter（五步诗）, and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter（六步诗） line.2）散文a.Thomas More （莫尔 1478-1535）: 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人 Utopia《乌托邦》 : More 与海员的对话b.John Lyly （黎里 1553-160，散文家，剧作家 & 小说家）： Eupheus《尤菲绮斯》Euphuism（夸饰文体）: Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations（头韵） and other artificial prosodic（韵律） means.The use of odd similes（明喻） and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon （培根 1561-1626）：Essays（论说文集）： Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classicPhilosophical : New Instrument《新工具》 New Atlantis 《新大溪岛》 Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》 Professionals : Maxims of the Law 《法律格言》3）戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe : University Wits 大学才子派First made blank verse（无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗） the principle instrument of English drama The Jew of Malta 《马耳他的犹太人》The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus 《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成 ; 完善了无韵体诗。

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（1）Part I Medieval English (试题)1. Which of the following is considered as the most monumental work in English history of the early Anglo-Saxon period, existed in oral form as early as the 6th century A.D. and was not written down till the 7th or 8th century?A. BeowulfB. The Anglo-Saxon ChronicleC. The Canterbury TalesD. Sir Gawain and the GreenKnight2. In Anglo-Saxon poetry, Beowulf represents the ____ history.A. religiousB. romanticC. paganD. sentimental3. The most outstanding romance on Arthurian legend was the anonymous ______.A. BeowulfB. The Vision of Piers thePlowmanC. The Canterbury TalesD. Sir Gawain and the GreenKnight4. Who is the “Father of English Poetry”?A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Venerable BedeD. Alfred the Great5. Which of the following is Chaucer’s masterpiece, containing a general prologue and twenty-four tales?B. The Canterbury TalesA. The Legend of GoodWomenC. Troilus and CriseydeD. The House of Fame6. How many tales does The Canterbury Tales contain besides a prologue?A. 128B. 64C. 44D. 24A C D AB D（2+3）Part II+III 文艺复兴时期，17th文学(试题)1. At the beginning of the 16th century, the outstanding humanist ____ wrote Utopia in which he not only revealed truthfully the social evils but also presented an ideal society.A. Ben JohnsonB. Christopher MarloweC. Thomas MoreD. Francis Bacon2. The Essays is written by _____.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John LylyD. William Shakespeare3. ______ is crowned with the t itle “the poets’ poet” due to his achievement in poetic form.A. Philip SidneyB. William ShakespeareC. William WordsworthD. Edmund Spenser4. The play _____ was NOT written by Christopher Marlowe.A. The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. FaustusB. TamburlaineC. Edward IID. Henry IV5. It was _____ who made blank verse the principle vehicle of expression in English drama, and who was also the greatest of the English dramatists before Shakespeare.A. Ben JohnsonB. Christopher MarloweC. Thomas KydD. Thomas More6. _____ belongs to Shakespeare’s non-dramatic poetry?A. Venus and AdonisB. Julius CaesarC. As You Like ItD. Much Ado About Nothing7. Shylock, a Jewish usurer, appears in the play called______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. HamletC. Romeo and JulietD. A Midsummer Night’sDream8. All of the following are the most outstanding dramatists in the Renaissance England EXCEPT _______.A. William ShakespeareB. Ben JohnsonC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe9. Which of the following is NOT right about Shakespeare?A. Shakespeare only wrote tragedies.B. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets.C. Shakespeare wrote 2 long dramatic poems.D. Shakespeare wrote altogether 38 plays.10. The image of “ghost” appeared in the play ______of Shakespeare.A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello11. The famous soliloquy “To be or not to be” comes from _____.A. MacbethB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello12. Which of the following does not be long to Shakespeare’s four great tragedies?A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello13. In Revolution period, ______ towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age.A. John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John DonneD. Francis Bacon14. Which of the following work is NOT written by Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. The Pilgrim’s Progress1-5: C B D D B 6-10: A A C A C11-14: C A A D（4）Part IV Neoclassicism (试题)1. Defoe wrote his first novel _____ in his sixties, which became extremely popular.A. Moll FlandersB. Tom JonesC. Robinson CrusoeD. Pamela2. In the 18th century England, _____ is the most remarkable satirist whose masterpiece Gulliv er’s Travels was published anonymously in 1726.A. Daniel DefoeB. Jonathan SwiftC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding3. The novel _____ is considered as Henry Fielding’s masterpiece, which gives a vivid panoramic picture of English society in mid-18th century.A. A Tale of a TubB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Tom JonesD. A Modest Proposal4. In the last twenty years of the 18th century, England produced two well-known romantic poets _____ and Robert Burns.A. William BlakeB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Alexander PopeD. Thomas Gray5. The poem ____ was NOT written by William Blake.A. The TigerB. LondonC. The Chimney-SweeperD. A Red Red Rose6. William Blake should be chiefly remembered for his ______ in which he bitterly utters his social criticism towards the reality of his day, such as one of his greatest poem London.A. Songs of InnocenceB.Songs of ExperienceC. The Deserted VillageD. Poems chiefly in theScottish dialect7. Who is the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced? Whose poems chiefly written in Scottish dialect are among the best?A. Alexander PopeB. William BlakeC. Edward YoungD. Robert Burns1-5: C B C A D 6-7: B D（5）Part V Romantic Period (试题)1. The publication of _____marks the beginning of Romantic Age.A. The PreludeB. Kubla KhanC. The Lyrical BalladsD. Don Juan2. The Romantic Age comes to end with the death of last well-known romantic writer ______.A. Walter ScottB. Jane AustenC. George ByronD. William Wordsworth3. Which of the following romantic wri ters belong to the “Lake Poets”?A. George Byron; Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. John Keats; Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Walter Scott; William Wordsworth4. In 1805，William Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitled ______.A. The Lyrical BalladsB. The PreludeC. Lucy PoemsD. Biographia Literaria5. The poem _____is written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.A. The PreludeB. To a SkylarkC. Kubla KhanD. Ode to a Grecian Urn6. Coleridge is one of the greatest romantic ______ and literary critic, who is among the “Lake Poet”.A. novelistB. poetC. essayistD. playwright7. In 1824, the Revolutionary Romantic poet _____ went to Greece to help that country in its struggle for liberty against Turks. Not long, he died of fever there at the age of 36.A. Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. George ByronC. John KeatsD. William Wordsworth8. Choose the poem which is considered as Byron’s most important and also longest poem, base on a traditional Spanish legend of a great lover and seducer of women.A. CainB. The Vision of JudgmentC. The Age of BronzeD. Don Juan9. In ______’s poem _____ does the line “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind” belong to.A. George Byron, Don JuanB. Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West WindC. William Wordsworth, The Lyrical BalladesD. John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale10. Which of the following is based on ancient Greek mythology and reveals Shelley’s intense hatred for tyranny and his big admiration for revolution fighters for freedom?A. Prometheus BoundB. Prometheus UnboundC. Queen MabD. Ode to the West Wind11. Which of the following Odes does NOT belong to John Keats?A. Ode to a NightingaleB. Ode on a Grecian UrnC. Ode to the West WindD. Ode on Melancholy12. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” comes from which of the following poet?A. KeatsB. ByronC. ShellyD. Wordsworth13. Who is a great master of historical novels in Romantic tradition?A. Walter ScottB. Jane AustenC. Charles DickensD. Thomas Hardy14. “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife” is the opening sentence of which of Jane Austen’s novel?A. Sense and SensibilityB. EmmaC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Persuasion15. Jane Austin is the only well-known woman _____ of the 18th century English literature.A. NovelistB. PoetC. EssayistD. playwright16. ______ was NOT written by Jane Austen?A. Sense and SensibilityB. EmmaC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Jane Eyre1-5：C A C B C 6-10: B B D B B 11-16: C A A C A D（6）Part VI Victorian Age试题1. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____, mainly flourishing in the forties and fifties, appeared.A. neoclassicismB. romanticismC. critical realismD. realism2. All of the following writers belong to the critical realism tradition, EXCEPT______.A. Charles DickensB. William MakepeaceThackerayC. Charlotte BronteD. Oscar Wilde3. In English Literature, the greater critical realists should be_____, who criticizes the injustice and cruelty of the bourgeois society and shows his deep sympathy towards the miserable common people.A. Charles DickensB. Emily BronteC. George EliotD. Thomas Hardy4. ______belongs to a work of critical realism.A. Idylls of the KingB. Robinson CrusoeC. The picture of Dorian GrayD. Hard Times5. Which of the following Dickens’ novels contains the autobiographical element?A. Oliver TwistB. The Old Curiosity ShopC. Dombey and SonD. David Copperfield6. Which of the following Dickens’ novels has a French Revolution background?A. Hard TimesB. Little DorritC. A Tale of Two CitiesD. Great Expectations7. Which of the following writers is one of the famous Bronte Sisters, whose masterpiece is Jane Eyre?A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Anne BronteD. Mary Bronte8. The novelist _____ establishes her fame as one of the greatest writers in English literature on her only novel Wuthering Heights?A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Anne BronteD. George Eliot9. Though the major literary trend of the Victorian age is not poetry, yet _____ and Alfred Tennyson are two great poets.A. George EliotB. William WordsworthC. Robert BrowningD. Charlotte Bronte10. The short ele gy “Break, Break, Break,” which reveals the poignant grief of a young poet over the loss of his dearest friend is written by ______.A. Robert BrowningB. Percy Bysshe ShellyC. Oscar WildeD. Alfred Tennyson11. There is distinctive note of pessimism in the work of ______.A. Charles DickensB. George EliotC. Emily BronteD. Thomas Hardy12. Thomas Hardy is not only a novelist but also a well-known_______.A. dramatistB. poetC. essayistD. pamphleteers13. The author of Tess of the D’Urbervil les is _____.A. Charles DickensB. Charlotte BronteC. George EliotD. Thomas Hardy14. Oscar Wild is the representative among the writers of _____.A. Critical RealismB. RomanticismC. NaturalismD. Aestheticism１－５：ＣＤＡＤＤ６－１０：ＣＡＡＣＤ１１－１４：ＤＢＤＤ（7）Part Ⅶ Modern Age试题1. John Galsworthy is best known for_________.A. The Forsyte SagaB. Mrs. DallowayC. UlyssesD. A Room With a View2. The writer ______ owes much to Ibsen, who takes a critical attitude towards the hypocritical moral, political and economic truth of the capitalist society. Widower’s Houses and Mrs. Warren’s Professions are his two important works of social criticism.A. E. M FosterB. George OrwellC. D. H Lawrence D. Bernard Shaw3. The play _______ is written by a modern playwrights.A. HamletB. The School for ScandalC. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionD. The Merchant of Venice4. William Butler Yeats is a great _______ in the first few decades of the 20th century.A. novelistB. poetC. playwrightD. essayist5. The theme of _______ is the decay and fragmentation of the western culture, and in T. S Eliot, the author’s view, the title stands for the West after war.A. The Hollow ManB. The Waste LandC. Four QuartersD. Murder in the Cathedral6. T. S Eliot is considered to be the most important _______ in the 20th century English Literature.A. essayistB. novelistC. poetD. playwright7. Which of the following is often recognized as D. H Lawrence’s semi-autobiographic work?A. Lady Chatterley’s LoverB. Sons and loversC. The RainbowD. Women in love8. The Rainbow and Women in Love are two distinguished novels written by _____, the son of a miner.A. Virginia WoolfB. D. H LawrenceC. Joseph ConradD. James Joyce9. Which of the following is NOT a modernist writer?A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. T. S EliotD. William Somerset Maugham10. In ______ , Maugham tells a story based on the life of the French painter Paul Gauguin.A. Human BondageB. The Moon and SixpenceC. The Razor’s EdgeD. The Heart of Darkness11. Which of the following writer was born in Poland and began to learn English at the age of 18 years old, and his The Heart of Darkness is a masterpiece of symbolism______.A. George OrwellB. Joseph ConradC. David Herbert LawrenceD.E.M Foster12. All of the following are written by Joseph Conrad, EXCEPT_______.A. A Passage to IndiaB. The Nigger of the NarcissusC. Lord JimD. Heart of Darkness13. Stream- of – consciousness is borrowed from modern psychologist _____ and _____ first transfer this mental phenomenon to English literature and exploit it as a literary technique.A. Virginia Woolf, George OrwellB. Joseph Conrad, D. H LawrenceC. James Joyce, Virginia WoolfD. James Joyce, Joseph Conrad14. Which of the following is a collection of James Joyce’s short stories? _____.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as aYoung ManC. UlyssesD. Finnegans Wake15. The novel _____ is a modernist work.A. The Man of PropertyB. In ChanceryC. To LetD. To the Lighthouse16. In Mrs Dalloway, Virginia Woolf experiments a writing technique called ______, in which the whole story was presented with the inner thought of the characters.A. modernismB. stream-of-consciousnessC. symbolismD. asetheticism１－５：AＤC B B６－１０：ＣB B D B１１－１6：ＢA C AＤB（8）Part Ⅷ General Exercises 试题1. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury is an important poetic work by______.A. William LanglandB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. William ShakespeareD. Alfred Tennyson2. Romeo and Juliet is Shakespeare’s early______.A. comedyB. tragedyC. poemD. tragic-comedy3. Francis Bacon is a well-known ______.A. novelistB. poetC. essayistD. playwright4. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. T. S. EliotB. D. H. LawrenceC. Theodore DreiserD. James Joyce5. Paradise Lost is written by______?A. Edmund SpenserB. John BunyanC. John MiltonD. Ben Johnson6. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William WordsworthB. George ElliotC. George G. ByronD. Percy B. Shelley7. The novel Emma is written by ______.A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte BronteC. Anne BronteD. Jane Austen8. The writer ______ is the founder of “Metaphysical School” and has laid a great influence on the 20th century English and American poets.A. William ShakespeareB. Philip SidneyC. Edmund SpenserD. John Donne9. ______ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram10. A distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is poetry. Which of the following writer did not contribute to English poetry during this period?A. William ShakespeareB. Philip SidneyC. Edmund SpenserD. Francis Bacon11. Which literary form flourished more than anyone in Elizabethan age?A. PoetryB. DramaC. EssayD. Novel12. Alexander Pope is a leading ______ of Neo-classicism in English literature.A. dramatistB. essayistC. poetD. pamphleteers13. Gulliver’s Travels is the masterpiece of ______.A. Johnathan SwiftB. Henry FieldingC. Richard SheridanD. Richard Steele14. Samuel Richardson is a pioneer novelist in the 18th century English Literature, which of the following is usually considered as his masterpiece?A. Gulliver’ TravelsB. Tom JonesC. Robinson CrusoeD. Clarissa15. Tom Jones is the masterpiece of ______, who is chiefly known as a novelist and next as a playwrightA. Daniel DefoeB. Johnathan SwiftC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding16. Laurence Sterne speaks for sentimentalism, whose masterpiece is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Tristram ShandyD. Tom Jones17. The Deserted Village is a long poem written by_______.A. William BlakeB. Oliver GoldsmithC. AlexanderD. Thomas Gray18. The poem Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, which generally belongs to the so-called graveyard poetry, helps to establish the poetic fame of its writer ______.A. Edward YoungB. Thomas GrayC. Edmund SpenserD. James Thomson19. Robert Burns is a well-known Scottish ______, whose works such as A Red, Red Rose and A uld Lang Syne are still remembered today.A. novelistB. essayistC. poetD. short story writer20. ______ criticized industrial capitalism by advocating the return to the patriarchal society of the past, while _____ attacked the tyranny and exploitation of both feudalism and capitalism and called on the oppressed people to rise against their earthy tyrants.A. Byron and Shelly, the LakePoetsB. the Lake Poets, Walter ScottC. the Lake Poets, Byron and ShellyD. Walter Scott, Byron and Shelly21. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights22. All of the following poets belong to the “Lake Poet”, EXCEPT _______.A. WordsworthB. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Byron23. I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud is written by_______.A. ShellyB. KeatsC. ByronD. Wordsworth24. Though Don Juan left unfinished, yet it is still considered to be the best works of______.A. ShellyB. KeatsC. ByronD. Shakespeare25. ______ is good at writing poetic dramas, among which Prometheus Unbound and The Cenci are considered the greatest?A. ShakespeareB. ByronC. ShellyD. Ben Johnson26. Shelly is well-known for his lyrics, among which ______ is one of the best known lyrics on nature.A. Odes to AutumnB. Ode to a NightinggaleC. To a ButterflyD. Ode to the West Wind27. John Keats is a _______ poet, whose poetic fame generally rest on his odes.A. realisticB. romanticC. sentimentalistD. modernist28. Pride and Prejudice is written by_______.A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Jane AustinD. Thomas Hardy29. Emma is considered the a mature work of ______.A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Jane AustinD. Thomas Hardy30. Jane Austin is considered the first female_____ of importance.A. poetB. novelistC. essayistD. playwright31. Ivanhoe is a well-known historical novel written by ______.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Walter ScottD. Jane Austin32. Oliver Twist is written by ______, which shows the writer’s concern and sympathy towards the miseries of the poor and oppressed.A. Charles DickensB. Emily BronteD. Thomas HardyC. William MakepeaceThackeray33. Vanity Fair is the masterpiece of ______.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteD. Thomas HardyC. William MakepeaceThackeray34. Which of the following novel does NOT belong to the Bronte Sisters?A. Jane EyreB. Wuthering HeightsC. Agnes GreyD. Emma35. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.A. AmericanB. CanadianC. IrishD. Australian36. Jane Eyre is written by ______.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding37. Which of the following is considered the greatest work of George Eliot?A. Wuthering HeightsB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Tale of Two CitiesD. MiddleMarch38. Alfred Tennyson is one of the greatest _______ of the Victorian age.A. poetB. novelistC. short story writerD. playwright39. Tess of the D’ Urbervilles is well-known novel of _______.A. George EliotB. Oscar WildeD. Thomas HardyC. William MakepeaceThackeray40. All of the following novels belong to Hardy, EXCEPT _______.A. Tess of the D’ UrbervillesB. Jude the ObscureC. The Return of the NativeD. MiddleMarch41. The Picture of Dorian Gray, is a well-known novel written by______, who speaks for A estheticism.A. Oscar WildeB. Walter PaterC. Thomas HardyD. James Joyce42. Which of the following play is written by a Victorian playwright?A. HamletB. The School for ScandalC.An Ideal HusbandD. Widowers’ Houses43. Mrs. Warren’s Professions is a ______ written by George Bernard Shaw.A. poemB. novelC. playD. short story44. A Room With a View is written by_______.A. Virginia WoolfB. E. M FosterC. Joseph ConradD. James Joyce45. All of the following are well-known female writers in the 20th century Britain EXCEPT ____A. George EliotB. Irish Jean MurdochC. Doris LessingD. Muriel Spatk46. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is somewhat an autobiography of its author ______, just like Sons and Lovers, autobiography of D. H. Laurence.A. James JoyceB. Oscar WildC. Thomas HardyD. Charles Dickens47. To the Lighthouse is a typical novel of stream of consciousness, written by _____.A. James JoyceB. D. H LawerenceC. Virginia WoolfD. George Orwell48. Bernard Shaw is a ______ of the 20th century English literature, who took a critical attitude towards the hypocritical moral, political and economic truth of the capitalist society.A. poetB. playwrightC. short story writerD. novelist49. James Joyce is a(n) _____ of the 20th century English Literature, whose Ulysses is considered as the greatest work of stream of consciousness.A. essayistB. playwrightC. novelistD. critic50. Virginia Woolf is a a(n) _____ of the 20th century English Literature, whose fame mainly rests on those outstanding works of stream of consciousness.A. poetB. playwrightC. novelistD. essayist１－５： B B C A C６－１０： B D D B D１１－１5：B C A D D 16-20 : C B B C C 21-25 : D D D C C 26-30 : D B C C B 31-35 : C A C D C36-40 : A D A D D 41-45 : A C C B A 46-50 : A C B C C。

专业英语八级美国文学（现实主义时期文学）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．______was the only female American prose writer in the 19th century.A．Emily DickinsonB．Jane AustinC．George EliotD．Harriet Beecher Stowe正确答案：D解析：美国19世纪唯一的女散文作家是Harriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特.比彻.斯托)。

Emily Dickirson(艾米丽.迪金森)是女诗人。

另外两位是英国女作家。

知识模块：美国文学（现实主义时期文学）2．Harriet Beecher Stowe’s works mainly focus on______.A．romanticismB．local colourismC．naturalismD．transcendentalism正确答案：B解析：Harriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特.比彻.斯托)的作品充满了乡土气息。

知识模块：美国文学（现实主义时期文学）3．Which of the following is the masterpiece by Harriet Beecher Stowe?A．Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal SwampB．Sam Lawson’s Fireside StoriesC．Uncle Tom’s CabinD．The Gilded Age正确答案：C解析：Uncle Tom’s Cabin(《汤姆叔叔的小屋》)是斯托夫人最出名的作品。

德语专八真题答案【篇一：2009年德语专八答案】il ii (die angaben in der klammer sind nicht obligatorisch zu nennen; angaben hinter dem schr?gstrich ? / “ sind alternativ.)11. (um ) 0,5 (prozentpunkte)13. aig / (dem einst weltgr??ten versicherungsriesen) / (american internationalgroup)14. 85 milliarden (dollar)15. (die schwere) finanzkrise16. kein wirtschaftswachstum / null-wachstumzusammenarbeit18. lieferung von nuklearem brennstoff, reaktoren und atomtechnik nach indien19. zu internationalen inspektionen seiner zivilen atomreaktoren20. wegen einer neuen strategischen lage21. 86.00022. 201324. serbien25. 7427. waffenstillstandsvereinbarung28. (bis) freitaggrammatik (15 punkte)34. als der dieb in die wohnung einbrach, verlor er sein handy. oder: w?hrend der dieb in die wohnung einbrach, verlor er sein handy.35. der apfel war zu sch?n, als dass schneewittchen h?tte widerstehen k?nnen.37. jedes jahr steht ein bestimmtes land, auf dessen buchproduktion aufmerksam gemacht werden soll, im mittelpunkt der frankfurter buchmesse.38. in den gro?st?dten, wohin immer mehr menschen ziehen, werden dielebensbedingungen immer schlechter.40. die regimegegner wurden unter anwendung von gewalt abtransportiert.41-45wortschatz (25 punkte)47. die kohle verbrennt.48. das wasser verdampft.49. das obst verdirbt50. das alte haus verf?llt.51. die schmerzen vergehen.52. das lebewesen verhungert.53. die musik verklingt.54. die ger?te aus eisen verrosten.55. das brot verschimmelt56. verschrieb57. erstattet58. verliehen / ausgeh?ndigt59. gegangen60. verurteilt61. indirekt62. unkontrollierte / befreite / ausgel?ste64. schaffte / gelang / vollbrachte65. finden / feststellen67. reibt sie sich die augen68. bei?t sie sich auf die lippen69. kratzt er sich am kopf70. verschr?nkt sie die armeleseverst?ndnis71 c72 b73 c74 b75 b76 b77 c78 c79 b80 clandeskunde (10 punkte)81. r82. r 83. r84. f 85. f87. b 88. d 89. d 90. a 91. c97. b 98. a86. r 92. a 93. b 99. a 100. d答案德译中第三次工业革命的技术革新所发生的时代是第二次工业革命还没有完全实现突破之时。

专八人文知识（文学常识）英美文学知识练习1．Beowulf is considered as the greatest epic in ________.A.Anglo-Saxon timesB.The Roman OccupationC.The Middle AgesD.The renaissance2. _______ is considered as “the Father of English Poetry”.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. John MiltonD. Edmund Spenser3. Which of the following is Not an author of the English Renaissance?A. Sir Thomas MoreB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Geoffrey Chaucer4. Which of the following is Not considered as one of Shakespeare?s four greatest tragedies?A. HamletB. Romeo and JulietC. King LearD. Macbeth5. Portia is the famous character in Shakespeare?s play_______.A. HamletB. Merchant of VeniceC. The TempestD. Othello 6．John Milton?s works included all the followingexcept_________.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. The Pilgrim?s Progress7. During 1711-1712 Richard Steelecollaborated with ____ in publishing the daily paper The Spectator.A. Joseph AddisonB. Alexander PopeC. Samuel JohnsonD. John Dryden8. Which of the following is notconsidered as a so-called sentimentalistof 18th century?A. Thomas GrayB. John KeatsC. Oliver GoldsmithD. Laurence Sterne9. _____ is considered as the firstEnglish psycho-analytical novel.A. Pamela by Samuel RichardsonB. The Vicar of Wakefield by OliverGoldsmithC. Daniel Defoe?s Robinson CrusoeD. Jonathon Swift?s Gulliver’s Travels10. Which of the following is not a novelby Henry Fielding?A. Jonathan WildB. Tom JonesC. Joseph AndrewsD. Don Quixote11. …To be or not to be, that is a question?is a famous line from the soliloquy of __________.A. HamletB. King LearC. MacbethD. Shylock12. Songs of Innocence is a collection oflyric poems composed by __________.A. Robert FrostB. Mrs. BrowningC. William BlakeD. Charles Swinburne13. The poem Auld Lang Syne, now theuniversal parting-song of the English-speaking peoples, was occupied by _________.A. Alfred TennysonB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Robert Burns14. The preface to the “Lyrical Ballads”served as the manifesto of the English ________ Movement in poetry.A. RomanticB. ClassicC. RealisticD. Modernistic15. The following poets except _____ haveoften been mentioned as the “Lake Poets”.A. William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. Robert SoutheyD. Percy Bysshe Shelley16. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_________.A. Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. George Gordon ByronC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. John Milton17. “If winter comes, can Spring be farbehind?” is a world-famous line from “Ode to the West Wind” composed by _________.A. George Gordon ByronB. Percy Bysshe ShelleyC. John KeatsD. Emily Dickinson18. “Beauty is truth, truth is beauty”is afamous line from “Ode on a Grecian Urn” by_________.A. George Gordon ByronB. Percy Bysshe ShelleyC. John KeatsD. William Wordsworth19. 《萨克逊劫后英雄略》is a Chinesetranslation of the English novel ______.A. Walter Scott?s IvanhoeB. Daniel Defoe?s Robinson, CrusoeC. Jonathon Swift?s Gulliver’s TravelsD. Charles Di ckens?s The PickwickPapers20. Which of the following novels is notwritten by Charles Dickens?A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Oliver TwistC. David CopperfieldD. Rob Roy21．Vanity Fair is the great masterpiece of ___________.A. Charles DickensB. Elizabeth Cleghorn GaskellC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. George Eliot22. Which of the following novels is notwritten by Jane Austin?A. Sense and SensibilityB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Mansfield ParkD. The Mill on the Floss23. Wuthering Heights is the masterpieceof the English woman writer_________.A. Charlotte Bront.B. Emily BrontC. Anne BrontD. George Eliot24. The Seven Lamps of Architecture isone of the major works concerning art criticism written by the famous prose-writer of Victorian England _____.A. Matthew ArnoldB. Thomas CarlyleC. John RuskinD. Thomas Babington Macaulay25. School for Scandal is the masterpieceof the most important 18th century English dramatist_______.A. Richard Brinsley SheridanB. Charles LambC. William ShakespeareD. Oscar Wilde26. Treasure Island is a romance writtenby_________.A. Rudyard KiplingB. Robert Louis StevensonC. Joseph ConradD. Herbert George Wells27. William Butler Yeats is a well-knownIrish _________.A. NovelistB. PoetC. PlaywrightD. Essayist28. “Art for Art?s sake” is a theoryadvanced by _____.A. Henry JamesB. Oscar WildC. Samuel ButlerD. George Mereditn29. Thomas Hardy wrote the followingnovels except_________.A. Tess of the D?UrbervillesB. Jude the ObscureC. Far from the Madding CrowdD. The Way of All Flesh30. The Forsyte Saga, the first triology ofthe 20th century English critical realist John Galsworthy, consists of the following except________.A. The Man of PropertyB. In ChanceryC. To LetD. The White Monkey31. Which of the following plays is notwritten by Bernard Shaw?A. Major BarbaraB. Mrs. Warren?s ProfessionC. The Silver BoxD. Heartbreak House32. The Waste Land is the masterpiece of the poet_______.A.Thomas Stearns EliotB.Hilda DoolittleC.William Butler YeatsD.Walt Whitman33. The founder of the …Stream of consciousness?school of novel writing James Joyce?s major works contains the following except_____-.A.UlyssesB.Finnegans WakeC.Mrs DallowayD.Four Quartets34. Lady Chatterley?s Lover is a famous novel written by _______.A.David Herbert LawrenceB.Virginia WoolfC.William Somerset MaughamD.Katherine Mansfield35. Thomas Paine was one of these political pamphleteers and the mostpersuasive rhetorician for the cause of independence. He wrote the following woks except______./doc/e15807751.html,mon SenseB.The Rights of ManC.The Age of ReasonD.Poor Richard?s Almanac36. The Song of Hiawatha, the first American epic in Blank verse about the American Indians is composed by _____.A.William Cullen BryantB.Henry Wadsworth LongfellowC.William WordsworthD.Washington Irving37. The author of The Leatherstocking Tales is ______.A.James Fenimore CooperB.Edgar Allan PoeC.Jack LondonD.Nathaniel Hawthorne38. Rip Van Winkle and the The Legend of Sleepy Hollow are the most outstanding ofthe stories that _____ wrote.A.Washington IrvingB.James Fenimore Cooper/doc/e15807751.html,wrence SterneD.Oliver Goldsmith39. Nature,which has been called “the manifesto of American transcendentalism”was written by ____.A.Thomas PaineB.Henry David ThoreauC.Nathaniel HawthorneD.Ralph Waldo Emerson40. Walden; or, Life in the Woods is a recording of life and meditation of ___ when living alone in Walden Pond.A.Ralph Waldo EmersonB.Nathaniel HawthorneC. Henry David ThoreauD. William Wordsworth41. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque was written by___, who has been regarded as the father of modern short story.A.Henry David ThoreauB.Nathaniel HawthorneC.Edgar Allan PoeD.Washington Irving42. Leaves of Grass, which ran nine editions with more than 400 poems all written in fee verse form, is the great masterpiece of ____.A.Henry Wadsworth LongfellowB.Walt WhitmanC.William Butler YeatsD.Emily Elizabeth Dickinson44. The most important book written by Herman Melville is ____.A.TypeeB.Moby DickC.PierreD.The Prairies45. Known as O. Henry, ___ was one of the most prolific modern American short story writers and wrote about 300 shortstories, including the famous “The Copand the Anthem”, The Four Million, and so on.A. William Sidney PorterB. Katherine Anne PorterC. William Dean HowellsD. Sherwood Anderson46. ______ has been called th e first of the “Modern psychological novelists,”and “a realist of the inner life”. And he wrote such great novels as The Ambassadors, The Turn of the Screw, The Wings of the Dove, The Golden Bowl, and The Portrait of a Lady.A. Earnest HemingwayB. William Guthbert FaulknerC. William JamesD. Henry James47. Mark Twain is the penname of ______.A. Samuel Langhorne ClemensB. William Sidney PorterC. Sherwood AndersonD. Sarah Orne Jewtt48.Which of the following is not written by Mark Twain?A. Innocents AbroadB. The Gilded AgeC. Tom SawyerD. The American49. The Luck of Roaring Camp and Other Sketches is the best collection of tales written by ______.A. HemingwayB. Hanmlin GarlandC. Francis Bret HarteD. Harriet Beecher Stowe50. Uncle T om?s Cabin is a great masterpiece written by which of the following women writers___?A. Kate ChopinB. Mary E. Wilkings FreemC. Alice BrownD. Harriet Beecher Sowe51. The most famous book written by Stephen Crane about the American CivilWar is ____.A. The Red Badge of CourageB. Maggie, A Girl of the StreetsC. George?s MotherD. The Third Violet52. “The Trilogy of Desire”by Theodors Dreiser includes the following except___.A. The FinancierB. The StoicC. The TitanD. Sister Carrie53. The trilogy “Epic of the Wheat”written by Frank Norris includes the following but________.A. The OctopusB. The PitC. The WolfD. Mcteague54. Jack London wrote the following works except ___.A. The People of the AbyssB. The Sea WolfC. The American TragedyD. Martin Eden55. Cathay, a collection of translation of Chinese poems, was done by the American poet_______.A. Ezra PondB. Emily DickinsonC. Wallace StevensD.E.R. Robinson56. Which of the following is not a work of T. S. Eliot?A. The Waste LandB. The Love Song of J.Alfred PrufrockC. Murder in the CathedralD. Don Juan57. Which of the following is not a representative of the so-called Chicago poets in the 1920s and 1930s America? A. Vachel LindsayB．Edgar Lee MastersC. Carl SandburgD. Kenneth Koch58. In the later 1950s and the whole 1960s Beat Poet ______ made his voice heard asthe poet laureate of the Beat Generation.A. Allan GinsbergB. Robert Penn WarrenC. Robert LowellD. Charles Olson59. Earnest Hemingway, generally regarded as spokesman for the Lost Generation, wrote the following novels except____.A. The Sun Also RisesB. A Farewell to ArmsC. The old man and the sea.D. This Side of Paradise60. Francis Scott Fitzgerald, known as the “Roaring 20s”, and “Jazz Age”, wrote the following but____.A. For whom the Bell TollsB. The Beautiful and DamnedC. The Great GatsbyD. Tender Is the Night61. ____, the first American writer to receive the Nobel Prize for literature, is theauthor of Babbit and Main Street.A. Earnest HemingwayB. Sinclair LewisC. John SteinbeckD. Gertrude Stein62. ____ is usually considered as the masterpiece of John Steinbeck.A. The Grapes of WrathB. The PearlC. East of EdenD. Moon is Down63. The Catcher in the Rye is the first and only novel written by_____.A. Truman CapoteB. Jerome David SalingerC. James ThurberD. John Updike64. The Female Man, a significant feministic achievement in literature, was written by woman writer____.A. Joyce Carol OatesB. Katherine Anne Poeter。