高考英语模拟试题及答案（十一）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2
分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选
出最佳选项。
A
Venice, Italy
Venice is already known to be sinking, and the masses of tourists that visit the city every year certainly aren’t helping. Locals have complained that tourism, including cruise ships, is responsible for increased pollution in the city.
Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism: littering, engaging in horseplay, not wearing a shirt in public, leaving love locks, and writing on or damaging trees or buildings are all fineable offenses in the city.
Barcelona, Spain
Locals in Barcelona aren’t shy about their dislike for tourists.Popular attractions have even changed their rules as a result of tourist activity.
La Boqueria, a large public market, banned tourist groups of more than 15 people in 2015. Before the ban, large groups of vacationers often blocked foot traffic while taking photographs, according to The T elegraph.
Santorini, Greece
Santorini is a beautiful island off the coast of Greece. It’s often packed with tourists during the summer.
In fact, due to the seasonal influx (涌入) of tourists, the island imposed a rule limiting visitors from cruise ships to 8,000 per day. 790,000 people from 636 cruise
ships visited Santorin in 2015, according to Conde Nast Traveler, while the entire island only has a population of just over 15,000.
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Amsterdam has long been a popular vacation destination for party-loving travelers.
In response to a rise in tourism, the city has put restrictions on Airbnb so that a rental listing cannot have more than four people at a time, and that tourists cannot keep the rental apartments for more than 60 days a year.
1．According to this passage, for which behaviour will the tourists be fined? A．Blocking foot traffic in Barcelona B．Wearing a shirt in public in Santorini C．Buying a love lock in AmsterdamD．Damaging a tree in Venice
2．If you are going to rent an apartment in Amsterdam as a tourist, how long can you keep it within a year at most?
A．A year. B．One month. C．Two months. D．A season.
3．What do these tourist attractions have in common?
A．These places have been popular all year around.
B．Rules have been set or changed regarding tourism.
C．Local people use violence against tourists.
D．The number of tourists has decreased a little.
文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了世界上著名的四大景点，为了限制过热的旅游业给城市带来的不利影响，这些旅游景点制订了关于旅游的一些限制规则。
1.D 细节理解题。根据 Venice, Italy 部分中“ Venice has implemented strict rules
regarding tourism: littering, engaging in horseplay, not wearing a shirt in public,
leaving love locks, and writing on or damaging trees or buildings are all fineable offenses in the city（威尼斯实行了严格的旅游规则：乱扔垃圾、参与打闹、在公共场合不穿衬衫、留下爱情锁、在树木或建筑物上写字或损坏树木或建筑物都是城市中处罚的罪行）” 可知，游客在威尼斯毁坏树木是要被罚款的。故选 D 项。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Amsterdam, the Netherlands 的介绍中，“…and that tourists cannot keep the rental apartments for more than 60 days a year”可知，在阿姆斯特丹,规定游
客一年不能将租赁公寓保留超过 60 天。故选 C 项。
3.B 推理判断题。在Venice, Italy 部分中，提到“Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism 威尼斯在旅游方面实施了严格的规定”；在 Barcelona, Spain 部分中，提到“Popular attractions have even changed their rules …受欢迎的景点甚至改变了规则”；在 Santorini, Greece 部分中，提到“the island imposed a rule limiting visitors…该岛实行了一项限制游客的规定”；在 Amsterdam, the Netherlands 部分中，提到“the city has put restrictions on Ai rbnb”。综合上面的介绍，可以推断，这些景点的一个共同点是：为了限制
过热的旅游业给城市带来的不利影响，这些旅游景点都制订了关于旅游的一些限制规则或者更
改了原有的规则。故选 B 项。
B
I’ve spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck. I teach entrepreneurship (社会学). We know many new enterprises fail, and innovators (创业者)need luck.
With my students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks. I do this myself all the time. About a dozen years ago, during a flight, I decided to take a little risk. I started a conversation with the man sitting next to me. I introduced myself, and I learned that he was a publisher. I learned all about the future of the publishing industry and we exchanged contact ( 联系 ) information. So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk. I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class. Although he was very polite, he
said it wasn’t right for us.
A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book, the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class. So he gladly came to my class. We had a great experience. A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it. I was a little bit hurt, but it was all right. So I invited him and his colleagues to have lunch together. Later, one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book. And I pulled out the exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier. Within two years, my book had sold over a million copies.
4. We can infer from the author’s experience on the plane that.
A.the publisher was stricken by his book
B.that was his first experience by plane
C.the first r isk during the night didn’t work out
D.the experience made him transform his book
5. Why did the author send the students’ video clips?
A. To have their book published.
B. To help to increase his luck.
C. To assess their writing skills.
D. To help them see their strength.
6.Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Take the Lead
B. Everything is Possible
C. Win in Danger
D. Luck and Risk
7.What does the author think resulted in his luck?
A. Publishing books.
B. A series of small risks.
C. Being turned down frequently.
D. Meeting with the stranger on the plane.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的 A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book, the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class.(几个月后，我告诉他我正在做这本书的改造工作，关于未来的出版，并邀请他来我的课堂)可知，飞机上的经历，让作者决定改造他的书。D. the experience made him transform his book(这个经历让他改造自己的书)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk. I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class.(过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险。我给他看了我在课堂上做的读书计划)及 A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.(几个月后，我又给他写了一封信，把学生们做的另一个项目的一些视频剪辑发给了他。他被其中一本书深深地打动了，以为里面有一本书)可推测，作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气。B. To help to increase his luck(为了帮助增加
他的运气)符合以上推测，故选 B 项。
6.D 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的I’ve spent t wo decades observing
what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck.和二段的 With
my students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone
and take some risks. I do this myself all the time.可知，本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直
在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区
并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。D. Luck and Risk(运气和冒险)可以作为本
文标题，故选 D 项。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 About a dozen years ago, during a flight, I decided to
take a little risk.(大约 12 年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒一点险)及第三段的 So about three
quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk.(所以，过了大约四分之三的夜
晚，我决定再冒一次险)和第三段的 A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending a
bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so
stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.(几个月后，我再次写信
给他，把一堆我学生做的另一个项目的视频剪辑寄给他。他被其中的一个深深感动了，认为
可以写一本书)可知，出版商拒绝之后，作者一直没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，
最终成功的出版了这本书。由此推测，作者认为是一些小的冒险让他成功了。B. A series of
small risks(一系列小的冒险)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。
C
Instagram （图片分享社交应用程序） is about to take its biggest step toward
removing likes from its platform. After months of testing an option to hide likes in
select international markets, Instagram, which is owned by Facebook（FB）, has
already been testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland and Australia. For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and
everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now it's considering a change.
The total number of likes on posts — which appear as hearts on the app ——will disappear from Instagram's main feed, profile pages and permalink（永久链接）pages. The owner of the account can still see their own likes, but their followers won't know the count.
CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental （不利的，有害的）social networking app for young people's mental health,
such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.
But other users and psychologists said hiding likes won't fix everything. The test doesn't address some of the key ways that activity on Instagram can impact the
well-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and thinking other people's lives are better than their own.
Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced his opinion that the biggest impact of Instagram is the content and the exposure to this constant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt psychologically. Plus, users can still see their own likes ——and feel badly if their posts don't perform well.
8. How do users experience Instagram in this passage?
A. By giving likes.
B. By hiding likes.
C. By selecting platforms.
D. By showing off talents.
9. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “”.
A. profitable
B. poisonous
C. popular
D. positive
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A.Instagram has affected youngsters' mental health.
B.The account owners won't know the count o￡ likes.
C.Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first.
D.The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app.
11. What could be the best title of the passage?
A.Instagram Misuses Likes
B.More People Are Against Likes
C.Likes Cause Mental Problems
D.Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram
文章大意：本文为说明文。Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。因为“点赞”让平台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来 Instagram 一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。
8.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“F or years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年来，“点赞”一直是名人、品牌、政客和普通用户体验Instagram 和Facebook 的核心。由此可知，体验 Instagram 是通过点赞的形式，故选 A，
9.B 猜测词义题。根据划线词的上文“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities,
brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way
of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户
体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心重点。点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功的一种方法。接着
用转折连词but 引出下文“But in rec ent months, Instagram has been rethinking how
likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram 一
直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台变得更“toxic”。But 表示与前文相反的意思。可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。再结合“Instagram
is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..” Instagram
即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一
面。分析选项A. profitable 有利可图的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. popular 受欢迎的；D.
positive 积极的。可知 A、C 和 D 都是好的一面，只有 B 项是不好的。由此推断出“toxic”
是有毒的。
10.A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-being on
the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app
for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image,
according to one study.” 大多数认为此举将提高 app 的健康。一项研究显示，Instagram
是对年轻人心理健康最有害的社交网络应用，比如对身体形象产生负面影响。由此可推断出
Instagram 影响了青少年的心理健康。故选 A。
11.D 主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除
“点赞”。几个月来 Instagram 一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。因为“点赞” 平台变
得更“有毒”的。接着下文具体分析了“点赞”造成的不好的影响，从而正要隐藏“点赞”。文章分
析“点赞”带来的不好的影响，所以要在 Instagram 隐藏“点赞”功能。因此 D
项是最佳题目。故选 D。
D
Before dipping your hand into that bowl of M&Ms (一种巧克力豆) at the holiday party, think about what you’re about to do. A lot. A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many pieces of candy eat less of the real thing when given the chance.
Picturing a delicious food—like a juicy steak or an ice cream sundae—generally whets (刺激) the appetite. But what about visualizing yourself eating the entire
sundae, spoonful by spoonful?
There ’ s reason to think that might have the opposite effect, says Carey Morewedge, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University. Researchers have found that repeated exposure to a particular food —as in taking bite after bite of it —decreases the desire to consume more. But no one had looked to see whether merely imagining eating has the same effect.
To find out, Morewedge and his colleagues fed M&Ms and cheese cubes to 50 university students. In one experiment, the participants first imagined performing 33 repetitive motions (动作): Half of them imagined eating 30 M&Ms and inserting three quarters into the slot of a laundry machine. The other half imagined eating three M&Ms and inserting 30 quarters. Then everyone was allowed to eat their fill from a bowl of M&Ms. It was reported that those who’d imagined eating more can dy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.
The researchers then extended their findings to another food group—cheese. As in the M&M experiment, people who imagined eating 30 cheese cubes consumed less
of the real thing. But volunteers who imagined eating 30 M&Ms ate the same amount of cheese as those who imagined eating three M&Ms. Thus, the effect is
specific to the type of food imagined.
The findings should have practical applications, says Morewedge. One possible strategy for weight watchers might be to spend a few minutes before each meal imagining eating exactly the foods they’re about to consume, he says.
Although he is planning follow-up studies to investigate the potential of imagined consumption for helping people con trol their appetite, Morewedge says he’s not planning to experiment on himself over the holidays. “I really enjoy my mother’s
cooking,” he says.
12. What did Morewedge and his colleagues want to find out with the first experiment?
A.Whether imagining eating would lead to weight loss.
B.Whether imagining eating would reduce appetite.
C.Whether picturing a delicious food would whet appetite.
D.Whether repeated exposure to food would reduce appetite.
13. What does the underlined part “the others” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.
Those who imagined eating 30 M&Ms.
B.Those who imagined eating three M&Ms.
C.Those who didn’t participate in the experiment.
D.Those who didn’t imagine eating M&Ms.
14. According to the findings from the experiment, which of the following may make you eat less?
A.Imagining eating any kind of food.
B.Imagining eating at least two kinds of food.
C.Imagining eating as many kinds of food as possible.
D.Imagining eating the same kind of food you will eat.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A.How to Control Your Appetite
B.Imagining Eating M&Ms: A Way to Lose Weight
C.To Eat Less, Imagine Eating More
D.The Less You Imagine, the More You Eat
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。故文章建议要想少吃点，想象一下多吃点。
12.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 Researchers have found that repeated exposure to
a particular food—as in taking bite after bite of it—decreases the desire to consume more. But no one had looked to see whether merely imagining eating has the same effect.（研究人员发现，反复接触一种特定的食物-就像一口接一口地吃-会降低消费更多的欲望。但没有人研究过仅仅想象进食是否也有同样的效果。）以及文章第四段中 To find out, Morewedge and his colleagues fed M&Ms and cheese cubes to 50 university students. （为了找出答案，莫尔韦奇和他的同事们给 50 名大学生喂食了 M&M 巧克力糖和奶酪方块。）由此可知，莫尔韦奇和他的同事们想从第一个实验中发现想象进食是否会降低食欲。结合选项，故选 B。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中 In one experiment, the participants first imagined performing 33 repetitive motions (动作): Half of them imagined eating 30 M&Ms ... The other half imagined eating three M&Ms and inserting 30 quarters. Then everyone
was allowed to eat their fill from a bowl of M&Ms. It was reported that those who’d imagined eating more candy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.（在一项实验中，参与者首先想象了 33 次重复动作：其中一半人想象吃了 30 块M&M 巧克力糖。另一半人想象吃三块 M&M 巧克力糖，然后放入 30 枚 25 美分硬币。然后每个人都被允许一碗 M&M。据报道，那些想 x 像吃更多糖果的人平均吃了大约 3 块，而其他人吃了大约 5 块 M&M。）由此可知，本段主要进行了一个对比试验，故划线词 the others 指的是上文中的 The other half。即那些想象着吃三块 M&M 的人。结合选项，故选 B。14.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many pieces of candy eat less of the real thing when given the chance.（一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。）以及文章第四段中It was reported that those who’d imagined eating more candy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.（据报道，那些想吃更多糖果的人平均吃了大约 3 块，而其他人吃了大约 5 块 M&M。）由此判断出，根据实验结果，想象自己吃的食物和你将要吃的食物是一样的会让你的食欲降低，使你少吃。故选 D。15.C 标题判断题。根据文章第一段中 A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many pieces of candy eat less of the real thing when given the chance.（一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。）以及分析全文可知，文章都是围绕该内容展开说明的。故 C 项（To Eat Less, Imagine
Eating More）要想少吃点，想象一下多吃点。作为标题，能够概括文章中心。故选 C。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Are you one of the increasing number of students who are struggling for college
education online? Follow these tips to help you be a successful online learner?
Many students assume that online classes require less work and are easier than traditional classes. 16.
Arrangement according to class schedule is important. Log on to your course according to the required schedule. Manage your time just as you would in a traditional course.
17. You may not be able to turn in papers, view videos, or participate in groups if you don't have the proper technology. Make sure that you have the proper Internet connection and software programs installed (安装).
During class, you are advised to be focused. Read and practice everything. 18. Don ’ t run through a course skipping videos, animations ( 动画), and ungraded self-assessment activities. Be comfortable communicating through text. Most communication in an online course occurs through the written word. Discussion board posts, written assignments, and email are all common modes of communication in online courses. 19. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses.
Remember to be active. If you hav e questions or don’t understand an assignment, tell your instructor. 20. Don’t wait until after you’ve turned in an assignment to let the instructor know that you have struggled. If you email or call the instructor before an assignment, quiz, or exam, you’ll prevent the struggle, and avoid having your
grade suffer.
A.Go through every screen.
B.Online classes require less work
C.You’ll understand the instructor better.
D.Be sure you have the required software and hardware.
E.Your instructor can help you better if you tell him or her.
F.In reality, they’re designed just as demanding as traditional courses.
G.This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication is oral.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何成为一个成功的在线学习者提供了一些建议。
16.F 上文 Many students assume that online classes require less work and are easier
than traditional classes.(很多学生认为在线学习要求的工作更少，比传统课程更容易)与 F. In reality, they're designed just as demanding as traditional courses(事实上，它们和传统
课程一样要求很高)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，traditional classes 和traditional
courses 是关键词，故选 F 项。
17.D 根据 Make sure that you have the proper Internet connection and software programs installed(确保你有网络连接和安装了相应的软件程序)可知，本段主要讲述要有适
当的网络和软件程序，D. Be sure you have the required software and hardware.(确保你
有要求的软件和硬件)可以作为本段中心句，故选 D 项。
18.A 上文 During class, you are advised to be focused. Read and practice everything.(在上课期间，你应该集中注意力，阅读和练习每一个知识)与A. Go through every screen.(浏览每一个视频)承接自然，上下文都是关于上网课要集中注意力，不要错过任
何一个环节，everything 和 every screen 是关键词，故选 A 项。
19.G 上文 Discussion board posts, written assignments, and email are all common modes of communication in online courses.(讨论版帖子、书面作业和电子邮件都是在线
课程中常见的交流方式)与 G. This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of
communication is oral.(这与传统课堂不同，传统课堂上很多交流都是口头上的)承接自然，选项中的 this 指代上文所说的几种在线课程交流方式，communication 是关键词，故选 G 项。
20.E 上文If you have questions or don ’ t understand an assignment, tell your instructor.(如果你有问题或不理解作业，告诉你的老师)与E. Your instructor can help you better if you tell him or her.(如果你告诉她/他，你的指导老师可以更好地帮助你)承接自然，instructor 是关键词，故选 E 项。
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节完
形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the U. S. there are more prisoners than farmers. In fact, the U. S. houses about one-fourth of the prison population worldwide, which amounts to 21 2.3 million people.
Many prisons 22 punishment rather than rehabilitation (恢复正常生活), which means the prisoners may lack the skills necessary to 23 in society when they are freed. As it stands, more than 60 percent will be sent back to prison after 24 new crimes.
Today more and more prison officials are 25 the importance of rehabilitation and beginning to see the 26 of gardening in prisons. Research in California 27 suggests that, among prisoners who participated in gardening programs, less than 10 percent 28 prison.
Part of what makes planting a garden so effective is that it represents 29 Growing food from seed, many prisoners 30 experience success after a
lifetime of failures, which helps to build 31 . Additionally, today’s gardening programs don’t just teach prisoners gardening skills but also 32 them to take
part in planning the garden and making other 33 related to the project.
And the prisoners aren’t the only ones who34 . Some prison gardens donate food to low-income areas, allowing prisoners to give back to areas where many of them were 35 Others produce so much food that they’re even36 to donate to local nursing homes and schools.
Through programs that 37 the science of gardening, prisoners learn that knowledge is power. The 38 of ever finding a skilled job after getting out of prison, a 39 that provides enjoyment and dignity in a complex 40 world,
is replaced by a greater sense of purpose.
21.A. merely B. hardly C. only D. nearly
22.A. devote to B. focus on C. turn into D. give up
23.A. function B. reform C. change D. recover
24.A. planning B. accusing C. reporting D. committing
25.A. performing B. recommending C. recognizing D. promoting
26.A. sign B. interest C. aim D. value
27.A. prisons B. schools C. farms D. towns
28.A. escaped from B. stayed in C. returned to D. went to
29.A. reality B. success C. challenge D. wisdom
30.A. finally B. initially C. constantly D. frequently
31.A. relationshipB. self-confidence C. reputation D. trust
32.A. force B. forbid C. allow D. remind
33.A. contributions B. comments C. discoveries D. decisions
34.A. assist B. care C. benefit D. participate
35.A. raised B. grown C. brought D. developed
36.A. content B. able C. likely D. certain
37.A. create B. improve C. assess D. teach
38.A. thoughtfulness B. expectation C. hopelessness D. ambition
39.A. job B. garden C. program D. science
40.A. ecological B. technological C. academic D. spiritual
【答案】
21. D22. B23. A24. D25. C
26. D27. A28. C29. B30. A
31. B32. C33. D34. C35. A
36. B37. D38. B39. A40. D
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国囚犯比农民还要多，监狱人口占世界监狱人数的四分之ー。然而美国监狱更注重的是惩罚而不是改造，导致囚犯出狱后没有一技之长。现在越来越多的监狱意识到了改造的重要性，开始在监狱里教授园艺种植，取得了不错的成果。通过学习，罪犯出狱后可以找到工作，使他们更自信，目标感更强。
21.D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，美国的监狱人口占全世界监狱人数的四分之一，将近 230 万人。A. merely 仅仅；B. hardly 几乎不；C. only 只有；D. nearly 几乎。根据 2.3 million people 可知，此处应该是指美国监狱人口有将近 300 万人。故选 D。
22.B 考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：许多监狱关注惩罚而不是恢复正常生活。 A. devote to 致力于；B. focus on 关注；C. turn into 变成；D. give up 放弃。根据rather than
rehabilitation (恢复正常生活)，此处应该是指监狱只注重惩罚而不是改造，表示注重、在意
的意思。故选 B。
23.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着囚犯在被释放后可能缺乏履行职责所需的必要技能。
A. function 行使职责；
B. reform 改革；
C. change 改变；
D. recover 恢复。根据when they are freed 可知，囚犯在被释放后就是享受权利和义务的公民，所以要履行职责。故选 A。
24.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，超过60%的人在犯下新的罪行后将被送回监狱。A. planning 计划；B. accusing 控告；C. reporting 报告；D. committing 犯罪。根据上下文, more than 60 percent will be sent back to prison 可知，此处应该是指超过 60％的人会在
再次犯罪后，即犯新的罪后，再进入监狱。故选 D。
25.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，越来越多的监狱官员认识到改造的重要性，并开始看
到监狱园艺的价值。A. performing 执行，表演；B. recommending 推荐；C. recognizing 意识到；D. promoting 促销。根据 beginning to see the of gardening in prisons. 可知监
狱的办公人员意识到了改造的重要性。故选 C。
26.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，越来越多的监狱官员认识到改造的重要性，并开始看
到监狱园艺的价值。A. sign 迹象；B. interest 兴趣；C. aim 目标；D. value 价值。由前面的importance(重要性)可知监狱里的改造活动对犯人是有价值的。故选 D。
27.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州监狱的研究表明，在参与园艺项目的囚犯中，只有不到10%的人回到了监狱。A. prisons 监狱；B. schools 学校；C. farms 农场；D. towns 城镇。
由后面的 among prisoners(在犯人中)可知是在监狱进行的调查研究。故选 A。
28.C 考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：加州监狱的研究表明，在参与园艺项目的囚犯中，只有
不到 10%的人回到了监狱。A. escaped from 逃脱；B. stayed in 待在； C. returned to 返回；D. went to 去……地方。由 sent back to prison(送回监狱)可知这里表达的是改造后再回
监狱的犯人减少了。故选 C。
29.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：园艺种植之所以如此有效，部分原因是它代表着成功。A. reality 现实；B. success 成功；C. challenge 挑战；D. wisdom 智慧。由后面的 experience success(体验成功)可知改造有效果的原因就是它代表了成功。故选 B。
30.A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多囚徒在经历了一生的失败后终于体验到了成功。A. finally 最后；B. initially 最初；C. constantly 持续；D. frequently 频繁地。由后面的 after
a lifetime of failures(一生的失败后)可知犯人们最后体验到了成功。故选 A。
31.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有助于建立自信。A. relationship 关系；B. self-confidence 自信心；C. reputation 名声；D. trust 信任。由前面的 experience success(体验成功)可知改造帮助犯人建立自信心。故选 B。
32.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，今天的园艺项目不仅教囚犯园艺技能，还允许他们参与规划花园，并做出与项目相关的其他决策。A. force 逼迫；B. forbid 禁止；C. allow允许；
D. remind 使想起。根据下文 allowing 可知，教授园艺技巧也可以让他们参与到规划花园。故选 C。
33.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，今天的园艺项目不仅教囚犯园艺技能，还允许他们参与规划花园，并做出与项目相关的其他决策。A. contributions 贡献；B. comments 评论；
C. discoveries 发现；
D. decisions 决策。根据 take part in planning the garden 可知，此处指罪犯们也可做出与项目相关的其他决策。故选 D。
34.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：囚犯并不是唯一的受益者。A. assist 帮助；B. care 关心；
C.benefit 好处；
D. participate 参加。由后面的 donate food to low- Income areas(捐食物给低收入家庭)可知犯人不是唯一从改造活动中获得好处的。故选 C。
35.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些监狱的菜园向低收入地区捐赠食物，允许囚犯将食物回馈给他们曾经养育过他们的地方。A. raised 养育；B. grown 成长；C. brought 带来；
高考模拟英语试卷 注意：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试 时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共100分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19. 15 B. ￡9. 15 C. ￡9. 18 答案是B。 1. What will the man do? A. Open the window. B. Find another room. C. Go out with the woman. 2. What’s the date of the woman’s birthday? A. March 15th. B. March 11th. C. March 7th. 3. What does the man mean? A. John has some personal problems. B. The problem is common for young men. ( C. It’s not common for young men to leave home. 4. What will the man most probably do? A. Get some change from Jane. B. Go and look for a payphone. C. Use Jane’s mobile phone. 5. What does the man mean? A. It was impossible for him to go to the party. B. Everybody was surprised by his appearance at the party. C. He had expected to go to the party for a long time. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 请听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. Why does the woman want to go to the library? A. To return some books. B. To borrow some new books. C. To find some test papers. 7. When does the library close? A. At 900. B. At 940. C. At 1000. 8. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. He asks her to return some books for him. B. He asks her to borrow some books for him. C. He asks her to go to the library with him. 请听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
英语试卷 第1页（共18页） 英语试卷 第2页（共18页） 绝密★启用前 上海市2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who has given up smoking? A. Jack. B. Frank. C. The woman. 2. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. She broke his telephone. B. She didn’t take him to the hospital. C. She forgot to tell him the message. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Salesgirl and customer B. Passenger and driver C. Wife and husband. 4. What is the woman’s opini on about the course? A. Too hard B. Worth taking C. Very easy. 5. What is the woman doing? A. She is apologizing B. She is complaining C. She is worrying. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Who wants to attend a US university? A. A daughter of the man’s friend B. The man’s daughter C. The man’s friend 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a classroom. B. Over the phone. C. At a language center. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What was the woman disappointed at? A. The speeches. B. Samantha's pronunciation. C. The result of the competition. 9. What do the man and the woman disagree on? A. Whose speech was better. B. Whose pronunciation was better. C. Whose speech was meaningful. 听第8段材料，回答第10、12题。 10. What is the woman doing? A. Complaining about campus food. B. Seeking comments on campus food. C. Pushing for changes in campus food. 11. What does the man think of the campus food? A. Acceptable. B. Excellent C. Unsatisfied. 12. What is the man unhappy with? A. The vegetable. B. The closing time. C. The soup. 听第9段材料，回答第13、16题。 13.What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14.When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C.As soon as he got his first job in 1982. ------------- 在 --------------------此 -------------------- 卷--------------------上 -------------------- 答-------------------- 题--------------------无 -------------------- 效---------------- 毕业学校_____________ 姓名________________ 考生号________________ ________________ ___________
Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Internet use appears to cause a decline in psychological well-being, according to research at Carnegie Mellon University. Even people who spent just a few hour’s a week on the Internet experienced more ___41_ and loneliness than those who __42__ on less frequently, the two-year study showed. And it wasn’t that people who were already feeling bad spent more time on the Internet, but that using the Net ___43___ appeared to cause the bad feelings. Researchers are puzzling over the results, which were completely __44__ to their expectations. They expected that the Net would prove __45__ healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others. The fact that Internet use reduces time __46__ for family and friends may account for the drop in well-being, researchers hypothesized. Faceless, bodiless “__47__” communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that __48__ to the wider world via the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives. “But it’s important to remember this is not about the technology; it’s about how it’s used,” says psychologist Chirstine Riley of Intel, one of the study’s __49__. “ It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you __50__ applications and services for technology.” students to deal with ___41_ English accents which are difficult to understand. This is good news for students who get ___42___ by different English accents. Computer scientists at Nottingham University said that some Asian students in Britian find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents. Among native English speakers, many different accents ___43___. Some accents are easily __44____ by certain characteristics. But more variations can be difficult to understand. Difficulties can be eperiencec in the process of differentiating sounds at the end of spoken English words, like rope versus robe, and at the start, like tin versus thin. This can make __45____ speech difficult to follow, as misunderstanding a single word can potentially change the whole ___46___ of a sentence. It would be useful to have something that would make it easier for foreign students to understand different English accents. The researchers’ Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme can train Chinese speakers in how to ___47___ differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions, such as accented speech or in situations in which there are a number of sounds in the background, a university release reported. “Our findings have shown that SED training programme really does have a significant __48____ on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds,”reseacher, Nicola Pitchford said. “There is a __49____ potential for SED. There has already been interest in the
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练8 adj.乐观的 We are still optimistic, whatever the result may be. 我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。 The stockholders are optimistic about the pany's future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。 反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的 Her pessimistic attitude turns him off. 她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。 ________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic n. (1)气候 She is not used to living in a cold climate. 她不习惯寒带生活。 (2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛 social climate 社会风气 political climate政治气候 the current climate of opinion目前的舆论环境 After the revolution，the climate of the country remained tense. 革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。 climate/weather辨析 climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。 What will the weather be like tomorrow 明天天气怎样 I would rather live in France because of the climate. 由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。 单项填空 (1)For the sake of her daughter's health，she decided to move to a warm________. A．weather B．temperature C．season D．climate (2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the________is also warm enough to grow rice. A．criminal B．climate C．air D．sky (1)n.洪水，水灾(可数) The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm. 暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。 (2)n.大批，大量流入 There was a flood of plaints about the poor service at the restaurant. 许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。
课标全国Ⅱ卷高考英语模拟试题精编(八) 【说明】本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。 第Ⅰ卷(共85分) 第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．________important thing in life is to have a great aim, and________determination to attain it. A. An ; 不填 B. A ; the C. The ; the D. The ; 不填 2．He slowed the bleeding by________pressure to the wounds until the ambulance arrived. A. assessing B. approving C. applying D. appointing 3．—Why don’t you wear your jogging shorts, Mum? —Well, my legs are too skinny, if you________know. A. should B. can C. need D. must 4．I’m sorry not to have replied to your letter earlier，________，I must say , I apologize. A. which B. for which C. to which D. whom 5．________he graduated from high school did the boy realize that he had misunderstood his teacher's kindness. A. Not until B. Until C. It was not until D. It was until 6．Standing in line at our town post office impatiently waiting for my turn, I noticed a woman struggling to get through the door because she________so many packages.
广东省2011届高三英语专题训练（词汇练习） 易错词汇练习 1.If you practise it _________ (repeat) , you will have a good command of it . 2.They are trying to find evidence of the _________ (exist) of this kind of rare animal. 3. This is the __________ (twenty) anniversary of the great event. 4. You can see lots of ________ (bacterium) in the food through a telescope. 5.__________ (theory), you can take three of them with you at a time. 6.He lied to the policemen to escape ________ (punish). 7.__________ (hope), all the nations came to help the victims in the earthquake. 8.Shooting, __________ (origin) as a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. 9.He put on so much ________ ( weigh) that he found it difficult to climb the stairs. 10. Some art _______ (history) doubt whether the London paintings hold this much documentary evidence. 11.There was a ______ (die) silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. 12. The taxi driver was badly hurt and still _________ after the accident, but his daughter was ___________ and was smiling to us __________. (conscious) 13. They supplied a lot of advanced _________ to the school with the hope that the students can be _________ with knowledge and in the future they can make contributions to nation. (equip) 14. The victim __________the criminal carefully to the police. They soon caught him according to the victim’s __________. (describe). 15.As a shipbuilder, Cooker was trying to find a _________ to the problem of the wave resistance. After many trials, he finally _________ the problem. (solve) 16. She pursued her ____in another country, ______, he found that it turned for worse. (fortunate) 17. Only when you overcome your own fears will you ________ (success). 18. It not only broadens our minds, but also _____ (rich) our life during summer vacation. 19. According to a new study, it may be much more _______ (benefit) to human body than we have imagined. 20. What’s the _______ (long) and ________ (wide) of our classroom? 21. He is late. He is _________ (probable) stuck in a traffic jam. 22. Agricultural work is traditionally seen as a male __________ (occupy). 23. Only two of the applicants had the necessary _______________ (qualify) 24. ______________ (employ) among graduates is increasing because they lack work experience. 25. Her ___________ was purely ______________ scientific (curious). 26. After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond all __________（recognize）. 27. Children should learn how to protect themselves to avoid __________(occur) of accidents. 28. His teachers told him to stick to his study, or he'd ________(doubt) fail his exam. 29. His_________(annoy) kid made him_________(annoy) a lot. 30. When someone catches a cold, signs of cough and ___________(breath) are common. 31. Your________(belief) are very powerful and have the power to create or to destroy your life. 32. Though John is a person with ________（able）, his strong will still ___________（able） him to overcome many difficulties. 33. Many people benefited from his countless __________（generous） 34. _______( beg) can’t be c hoosers. 35. She has played a ___________(decide) role in the peace negotiation. 36. His hesitation indicates __________(will). 37. Women increasingly went out to work, usually out of economic ________(necessary). 38. They delight small children because they have strong rhythm and rhyme and have a lot of __________(repeat). 39. In the winter the total absence of sunlight can be __________(tire),and for some, depressing. 40.Anna will be remembered for his effective management and personal diplomacy, and his____________(warm) and charm. 41. If there were no bad people, there would be no good__________(law). 42. It is a very effective way to learn the language and improve your __________ (pronounce) and intonation. 43.Many people are ___(picnic) on the river bank.
课标全国Ⅱ卷高考英语模拟试题精编(十二) 【说明】本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。 第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．My friend’s birthday is coming soon. I would like to go to________store，or some place close by to buy him________present. A．the；the B．a；the C．/；a D.the；a 2．Online music providers in China hope to set up a plan that will charge individual users for music________. A. prints B. projects C. records D. downloads 3．After months of a frustrating voyage on the rough sea, they eventually came to________they called their “dreamland”． A. where B. what C. how D. which 4．—Tomorrow is a public holiday，________our child should get close to nature. —But I’m afraid she will have to attend a special training course. A. where B. which C. as D. when 5．I have learnt that when I argue for my limitations, very seldom________myself, so why not stop it and do the opposite. A．I disappoint B．disappoint C．do I disappoint D．did I disappoint 6．It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money________favors to them. A．in preference to B．in place of C．in agreement with D.in exchange for 7．—What do you think about smoking? —Well, just as someone puts________， smoking kills.
2019--2020学年高三英语二模选词填空高频词汇编 名词：balance;presence;anxiety;account;address;combination;deposit;exhibition;fascination;guarantee;label 动词：present；alert;act;allow;benefit;breakthrough;convince;charge;claim;compose;check;drive;deliver 形容词：delivered/delivering;engaging/engaged;typical;burdened;collective;evident;exposed;financial 副词：deliberately；desperately;essentially;typically;breathlessly （虹口区）Highlight;scale,professional;preventive （黄浦区）function；update （浦东新区）influence；shift （长宁区）suspects （徐汇区）motive；alerts；charging （闵行区）label；implement;present;hit （崇明县）documentary;sense;rid;drive （金山区）balance （松江区）address;act （杨浦区）support;escape （虹口区）Exhibit （黄浦区）presence （徐汇区）accounts （闵行区）bear （金山区）engaging 例1：(虹口区) The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, (34)____ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health. 解析1：highlights在此处为动词，译为“强调”，研究强调另一个原因。同时highlights也是名词，译为：
高考英语重点词汇填空专项练习 请根据句意和汉语提示填入一个恰当的英语单词(注意形式)。 1. Prices have risen steadily during the past _________(十年), namely from 2005 to now. 2. His interest in this subject gradually _________(减少) because he dislikes the new teacher. 3. Such _________(装饰品) is a typical feature of the new year festival. 4. It was not long before the ________(潮湿的) clothes dried up in the sun. 5. I must apologize for the ________(延误) in writing back to you. 6. I am much __________(高兴) to be present at the lecture and to give you a speech. 7. The thin mailman _________(递送) letters and parcels from door to door every morning. 8. Our headteacher _________(要求) we get to the classroom before half past six in the morning. 9. He had been suffering from toothache for a few days before he went to see a _________(牙医). 10. The hero should _________ (值得/应得) praise and a reward for his brave behavior. 11. It’s admitted that everyone _________(期望/想要) to live in a world free of wars and starvation. 12. If you don’t speak good English, you will be at a big _________(劣势) when seeking a job. 13. There was a ________(失望的) look on his face when he failed to pass the driving test again. 14. Our school _________(阻止/使气馁) us from staying up late to study. 15. Every day after I get up, I _______(给……穿衣服) my son and then wash his hands and face. 16. So _________(满是灰尘的) is the window that I can’t see anything clearly outside. 17. I _______(捐赠) my blood for free each year with the hope of helping those people in need. 18. He works hard, but he does not ______(赚/挣) much money to support his family. 19. I go all out for my ideal university, for I think nothing is more important than ________(教育). 20. What is certain is that every ________(结果) must have a cause. 21. I work hard to improve my English, believing that my ________(努力) will pay off soon. 22. There are four _________(紧急情况) exits in the department store in all. 23. To save money, many shops prefer to ________(雇佣) students during summer vacation. 24. Without your _________(鼓励), I would have given up learning and dropped out of school. 25. When asked why she remained single all the time, she felt a bit _________(尴尬). 26. Some people are tired of living on the earth and want to ________ (体验) the life on Mars. 27. With the College E Examination coming, we are under great pressure. 28. Mr. Smith is an ________(专家) on foreign language teaching. 29. Only by practicing a lot can you speak (流利的) English. 30. She had the f the other day and she went to see a doctor. 31. He is so poor that he can’t afford to buy the ________ (昂贵的) furniture. 32. The whole building was in ________(火焰) and it took two hours to put out the great fire. 33. As the saying goes, f is the mother of success. 34. We should try our best to create a better living ________ (环境). 35. Mr. Wang often encourages me to join in more activities to ________ (丰富) my