铜渣提铁综合利用研究_杨双平
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2018年第37卷第9期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS·3599·化 工 进展赤泥中铁的提取与回收利用研究进展顾汉念1,郭腾飞1,2,马时成3,代杨1,2,王宁1(1中国科学院地球化学研究所地球内部物质高温高压院重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550081;2中国科学院大学,北京 100049;3贵州师范大学地理与环境学院,贵州 贵阳 550001)摘要:赤泥是综合利用率较低的工业固体废弃物,其资源属性受到广泛关注。
赤泥中的铁资源,具有回收利用潜力,是国内外的研究热点。
本文在概述了国内外赤泥物质组成特征的基础上,讨论了铁元素在赤泥中的赋存状态与分布情况。
系统综述了国内外赤泥中铁提取回收方法与工艺路线的研究进展,提出将从赤泥中提取回收利用铁的方法归纳为直接物理分选法、还原-磁选法和湿法提取法。
阐述了3类方法中分选、还原、提取等过程的基本原理,并从工艺路线的适用性、反应条件的控制、铁回收提取效率以及能耗与成本等角度,指出了不同方法存在的优点和缺点。
指出成本是制约赤泥中铁回收技术取得工业推广的主要因素,并提出在回收赤泥中铁的同时,综合回收利用其他伴生元素是重要的发展方向。
关键词:赤泥;铁;分离;回收;还原;浸取中图分类号:TF09;X758 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2018)09–3599–12DOI :10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0433Review on separation, recovery, extraction and comprehensive utilizationof iron from red mudGU Hannian 1, GUO Tengfei 1, 2, MA Shicheng 3, DAI Yang 1, 2, WANG Ning 1(1Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou ,China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China ;3School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001,Guizhou , China)Abstract: Red mud is an industrial waste generated from alumina process with a low extend of comprehensive utilization, and it is widely considered to be a potential resource. It is of great research interest and broad significance to recover iron from red mud due to high contents and large amounts. In this paper, The common process routes and research status of the extraction and recovery of red mud at home and abroad were introduced. The basic characteristics of red mud derived at home and abroad were summarized, and the differences in iron content of chemical and mineral composition of red mud were described. Recovery methods including separation, leaching and extraction of iron from red mud can be concluded as direct physical separation, the reduction-magnetic separation and hydrometallurgy extraction method. The basic principles for separation, reduction and extraction process of three main methods were summarized, respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods mentioned were pointed out in terms of feasibility, energy consumption and cost. Furthermore, how to obtain the breakthrough of iron recovery from red mud for industrial application were discussed. It was第一作者:顾汉念(1985—),男,博士,副研究员。
I ndustry development行业发展提钒尾渣资源化综合利用的研究进展陈永生1,郭伟伟1,李子祎2摘要:本文阐述了近年来我国页岩提钒尾渣综合利用的研究成果,重点阐述了利用钒尾渣生产建材、地聚合物、白炭黑、微晶玻璃、保温材料等方面的研究和应用,并对今后钒尾渣的资源化利用进行了探讨。
今后,要根据钒尾渣的原材料性质,进一步开发高附加值产品,拓宽其应用范围,并在此基础上,通过提高其综合利用成本,加速产业化,进而达到减量化、资源化的目的,为我国页岩炼钒尾渣综合利用、促进我国页岩炼钒业可持续发展,提供了理论和技术支持。
关键词:提钒尾渣;综合利用;资源化钒冶炼尾渣是通过钠化焙烧法和水浸提钒产生的副产品,也被称作提钒渣、钒浸出渣。
随着国内钢铁工业对钒特殊钢的需求增加,为了提升钢的稳定性,钢中钒的比例不断增加。
目前,我国钢铁行业每年都会产生约一百万吨的含钒尾渣。
但是对钒冶炼尾渣的利用率不容乐观,至今仍未研制出一种合理、经济的综合利用方式。
当提钒尾渣堆存到一定数量之后不仅占用土地,还存在着可溶性Cr6+、V5+等,进而对生态环境造成一定的污染。
由于钒尾渣中还含有V、Ti、Ga、Sc、Cr、Ni、Co等金属元素,因此被废弃后,产生了许多宝贵的资源。
近几年来,我国的科研人员在回收钒尾渣方面进行了大量研究,以期达到回收利用的目的。
既能减少环境污染,又能避免资源浪费,又能提高企业的经济效益。
1 提钒尾渣基本性质提钒后的尾渣通常是黑色的粉状,多数是铁磁氧化物,V 等主要矿物相分别为FeO、FeVO等。
提钒尾渣原料的化学成分主要包括TFe(32.80)、TiO2(12.90)、V2O5(2.08)、MnO(7.84)、SiO2(14.40)、Al2O(3.20)、MgO(5.73)、Cr2O3(2.24)、Na2O (5.26)、S(0.05)、Ga(0.008)、CaO(2.50)。
可以看出提钒尾渣中、VO、CrO、TiO含量较高,还含有镓、锰等其它有价金属,极具综合利用价值。
采矿工程M ining engineering 铜矿石提高回收率的选矿新工艺探究杨 宇(紫金(厦门)工程设计有限公司,福建 厦门 361009)摘 要:我国的铜矿资源虽然十分丰富,但人均占有量较低,并且我国的铜矿资源中还有很多低品位、复杂难选的铜矿资源,在当前铜矿资源日益枯竭的背景下,如何对这些特殊的铜矿资源实现进一步的开发利用有着非常重要的现实意义。
这就需要相应的开发企业能够使用更为先进、合理的选矿技术,同时进一步提升铜矿石中铜的回收效率,这样不仅有利于提高企业的经济效益,同时还能提高铜矿资源的利用效率,避免了一些不必要的浪费现象,有助于促进我国国民经济的进一步发展。
本文以某铜矿为例,在对该铜矿的矿石性质进行分析的基础上,对当前使用比较广泛的几种选矿方法进行了对比分析,并通过相应的试验分析得出了新工艺的应用价值,以期对促进我国铜矿事业的更好发展有所裨益。
关键词:铜矿石;回收率;选矿新工艺中图分类号:TD952 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1002-5065(2020)19-0053-2Research on new mineral processing technology for improving recovery of copper oreYANG Yu(Zijin (Xiamen) Engineering Design Co., Ltd,Xiamen 361009,China)Abstract: Although China's copper resources are very rich, but the per capita share is low, and there are many low-grade, complex and refractory copper resources in China's copper resources. Under the background of increasingly exhausted copper resources, how to further develop and utilize these special copper resources has very important practical significance. This requires the corresponding development enterprises to be able to use more advanced and reasonable beneficiation technology, and further improve the copper recovery efficiency in copper ore, which is not only conducive to improving the economic benefits of enterprises, but also improving the utilization efficiency of copper resources, avoiding some unnecessary waste phenomenon, and promoting the further development of China's national economy. Taking a copper mine as an example, based on the analysis of the ore properties of the copper mine, this paper makes a comparative analysis of several mineral processing methods widely used at present, and obtains the application value of the new technology through the corresponding experimental analysis, so as to promote the better development of copper industry in China.Keywords: copper ore; recovery; new mineral processing technology某铜矿随着开采时间的不断推移以及开采力度的不断增大,使得了当前该铜矿也由最初的露天开采转变成了地下开采。
化工进展CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS2019年第38卷第3期草酸助剂强化酸浸法提取硫酸烧渣中的铁杨保俊,方晓宇,王百年,董胤喆,杨蒙蒙(合肥工业大学化学与化工学院,安徽合肥230009)摘要:硫酸烧渣中铁氧化物活性较差,难以高效回收利用,且目前所报道的助剂强化酸浸法存在着诸如助剂用量大、易产生H 2S 等有害气体、铁的浸取率仍有待于进一步提高等不足。
为了解决上述问题,本文依据所提出的助剂选择原则,筛选并确定草酸为较适宜的酸浸助剂,并对其作为酸浸助剂的作用机理进行了初步探讨。
通过单因素条件实验和正交实验,考察并确定了较适宜的酸浸工艺条件:反应时间7.5h ,草酸助剂加入量20%,硫酸浸液质量分数50%,反应温度98℃。
此条件下,硫酸烧渣中铁的浸取率可达95.7%。
样品的XRD 、EDS 分析结果显示:相比于未添加草酸助剂的酸浸残渣,添加草酸助剂后的酸浸残渣中铁含量明显降低,说明草酸助剂的添加明显促进了硫酸烧渣中铁的浸出。
关键词:硫酸烧渣;酸浸;草酸;铁氧化物中图分类号:TF524文献标志码:A文章编号:1000-6613(2019)03-1552-09Extraction of iron from pyrite cinder via oxalic acid-intensified leachingmethodYANG Baojun ,FANG Xiaoyu ,WANG Bainian ,DONG Yinzhe ,YANG Mengmeng(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui,China)Abstract:Iron oxides in pyrite cinder are difficult to be recycled efficiently for its poor activity,and there are some disadvantages in the presently reported intensified acid leaching methods,such as high dosage of auxiliary agent,production of harmful H 2S and low leaching rate of iron.On the basis of the as-proposed selection principles of auxiliary agents,oxalic acid was selected as the more suitable auxiliary agent in the leaching process to overcome the above disadvantages and its action mechanism on the acid leaching was preliminarily discussed.Taking the leaching rate of iron in pyrite cinder as the main index,the leaching conditions were investigated through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experimentsand the leaching condition was optimized as follows:reaction time 7.5h,addition of oxalic acid 20%,the mass fraction of sulfuric acid 50%,reaction temperature 98℃,under which the leaching rate of iron could reach 95.7%.The XRD patterns and EDS spectrum of the sample showed that when adding oxalic acid,the content of iron in the leaching residue decreased significantly compared to that without addition of oxalic acid,which suggesting that the addition of oxalic acid obviously promoted the extraction of ironfrom pyrite cinder.Keywords:pyrite cinder;acid leaching;oxalic acid;iron oxide研究开发DOI :10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1192收稿日期:2018-06-07;修改稿日期:2018-07-17。