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高一下学期课文句子翻译复习材料2014---2015高一下肇庆市期末考试翻译题：51.自从那时起，找到种植更多水稻的方法就成为他一生的目标。
52.中国的端午节是纪念古代著名诗人屈原的。
53.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难。
54.她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使得她得以开始自己的计划。
55.他们为什么会突然消失仍是个迷。
（用主语从句翻译）2013---2014高一下肇庆市期末考试翻译题：51. 各种各样的节日和庆典自古以来各地举行。
52. 尽管他是中国最有名的科学家之一，但是袁隆平认为他自己是个农民。
53. 随着时间的推移，他开始制作电影了。
54. 他们要横贯整个大陆的想法是令人兴奋的。
55. 我生气的原因是他对我撒谎。
（名词性从句）Book 3 Unit 11. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。
At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.2. 整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。
The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.3. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。
On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them.4. 各种各样的节日和庆典自古以来各地举行。
Celebrations and festivals of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.Book 3 Unit 21. 他想：“再没有比这个更好吃的了。
翻译技术简明教程期末复习1. 直译法(1) 英译按原文的字面翻译, 其比喻意义同原文一样生动, 译文使读者能很快联想起英文中的对等成语. 如:竭泽而渔to drain a pond to catch all the fish (相当于kill the goose that lays the goldeneggs)2) 打草惊蛇to stir up the grass and alert the snake (相当于wake a sleeping dog)3)易如反掌to be as easy as turning over one’s hand (相当于as easy as falling off a log)4) 玩火自焚to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself (相当于fry in one’s own grease)5)掌上明珠a pearl in the palm (相当于the apple of one’s eye)6)对牛弹琴to play the lute to a cow (相当于cast pearls before swine)7)守口如瓶to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle (相当于keep a still tongue in one’s head)8) 雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather (相当于help a lame dog over a stile)9) 画蛇添足to draw a snake and add feet to it (相当于paint the lily)(2) 不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语, 但它们的字面翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义. 如:1) 声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west2) 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one’s heart and bones3)井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well4)调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain5)口蜜腹剑to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted2. 意译法如手忙脚乱in a frantic rush 立竿见影get instant results它虽难以保全成语的文化特色和具体形象却能简洁明快的反应出成语的喻义。
Unit13 Healthy eating自助式复习板块知识搜索A. 单词1.垃圾（n.）2.胃，肚子（n.）3.能量，精力（n.）4.燃料，营养物（n.）5.日常饮食（n.）6.纤维，纤维制品（n.）7.化学制品（n.）8.混合物（n.）9.成熟的（adj.）10.好吃的，可口的（adj.）11.检查（v.）12.消化（v.）13.增加，获得（v.）答案：1.junk 2.stomach 3. energy 4.fuel 5.diet 6.fiber7. chemical8.mixture9.ripe10.tasty11.examine12.digest13.gainB. 短语14.跟上现代生活的节奏the of15.对……适用16.作出正确的选择the17.对……有好处18.进行不健康的节食19.有一点点紧张20.时常，偶尔21.建议某人别做某事sb.22.发高烧 a23.培养健康的饮食习惯 a答案：14.keep up with, pace, modern life15.go for16.make,right choice17.be good for18.go on unhealthy diet19.a little bit nervous20. now and then 21.advise sb. not to do22.have, high fever23. develop, healthy eating habitsC. 句型24.你过马路时要小心。
You crossing the street.25.教学是一门基于科学的艺术。
Teaching is an art science.26.医生建议我爸爸不要再吸烟。
The doctor my father smoking.27.我本应该把家庭作业做完的。
I my homework.答案：24. ought to be careful when 25.based on 26. advised, to give up27. should have finishedD. 语法28. It’s 8 o’clock now. He be here at any moment.29. You look tired. You have a rest.30. The weather is very cold. We (not) keep the window open.答案：28.ought to/should29.had better/should30.had better not 重难聚焦重点单词要点1advise【例题】His friends him not to spend the weekend with a girlwho never tells a truth.A. suggestedB. advisedC. imaginedD. encouraged解析:advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事。
考试复习一、英汉互译下列习语（每小题2分，共20分）(第5章的“文化与翻译”)书上或日常生活中常出现的一些习语或成语。
二、将下列句子翻译成中文，并指出使用的翻译技巧（每小题5分，共25分）翻译常见的八种技巧：1．重复repetition在翻译中被称为一种技巧，自然就不是一般所说的不必要的重复，而是一种必不可少的方法。
可以这样确定它的定义：在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文，不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实表达原文的意思。
这种反复使用某些词语于翻译的方法就叫重译法。
一般说来，重译法有如下三个作用：一是为了明确；二是为了强调；三是为了生动。
We have to analyze and solve problems．我们要分析问题，解决问题。
Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.奥秘。
2．增译addition/amplification什么叫增译法? 我们可以这样确定它的定义：为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并使译文合乎表达习惯，必须增加一些词语，这就叫增译法。
送君千里，终有一别。
，yet the parting must come at last．due to land speculations in the big cities, the price becomes higher with eacha small garden is no less than an extravagant hope or a daydream ( wild dream) for ordinary citizens (for the general public).Something happened in Huaihua, a small city in the west of Hunan province, (400 kilometers away from the capital city Changsha ).3．减译法deletion和其他一切事物一样，翻译也是有增必有减。
1.Since we are through with the customs formalities, we feel rather released.我们办完了海关手续，感觉如释重负。
2.Repeated failures at making experiments may be too much for many talented would-bescientists.在实验过程中屡遭失败，对于许多有天赋的将要成为科学家的人来说可能是难以承受的。
3.Despite our efforts at quality-oriented education, many teachers and parents are stillkeen on marks.尽管我们努力推进素质教育,许多老师和家长还是热衷于分数。
4.Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by thetool.人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。
5.They build roads, houses, bridges, ships, pipelines, and canals.他们修路、盖房、架桥、造船、铺管道、挖运河。
6.The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is theunit of voltage and that of current.电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。
7. A new kind of aircraft—small, cheap, pilotless—is attracting increasing attention.一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意—这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
期末课⽂重点句复习范围1. I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles online.我在⽹上和朋友聊天、看电影、读每日新闻和其他有趣的⽂章。
2. It is so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.买之前，能在不同的⽹店比较质量和价格是很⽅便的。
3. There is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends. 有个危害是，我可能⽆法辨别这些朋友是否是真朋友。
4. It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.努⼒训练并实现团队目标总是让我很兴奋。
5. It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus.我常常要花20分钟乘车回家。
6. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes.然⽽，并不是每件事都符合张天的期望。
7. The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges.想要离开的念头曾在他的脑海⼀闪⽽过，但他很快放弃了这个想法并想办法迎接挑战。
8. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children.这是艰难的⼀年，但他很享受和孩⼦们在⼀起的日⼦。
高英第二册复习资料（修辞、句子解释、句子翻译、课文翻译）（2.3.6.9课）I rhetoric devicesLesson2 Marrakech1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. -----simile2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile4. And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile5. The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—-hyperbole7. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet8. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—---onomatopoetic wordssymbolism10. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —--elliptical sentence11. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —-synecdoche提喻Lesson3 inaugural address1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句10. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe… ------11. …struggling to break the bonds of mass misery…----12. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis13. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition14. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…-----metaphor15. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis16.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor17. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor18. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphorWith a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… -----parallelismLesson6 loving and hating New York1 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphorLesson9 The loonsSimileGrandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo麦克里奥祖母那清秀的脸上此时显得像玉石雕像般的冷峻(Page194 Para12)At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon.夜间的湖面看起来像一块黑色玻璃，只有一线水面因映照着月光才呈现出琥珀色(Page198 Para39)The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder电唱机播放出雷声般的音乐(Page199 Para48) MetaphorThrough the filigree of the spruce trees 透过一层云杉树叶织成的丝帘(page195 Para17)It seemed to me …daughter of the forest,a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds 在我看来，皮格特一定可以算是森林的女儿，是蛮荒世界的小预言家。
英译汉1. I believe that I speak for every sincere and serious representative in the United Nations—so I am encouraged to believe by the speeches to which we have already listened this morning—when I say that the anniversary must be an occasion for an honest assessment of our failures in the past, matched by an equally determined will to do better in the future, so that we can escape from frustration and turn the anniversary into an inspiration and an achievement.2. This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European TV networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.汉译英1.虎求百兽而食之，得狐。
狐曰：字无敢食我也！天帝使我长百兽，今子食我，是逆天帝命也。
子以我为不信，吾为子先行，子随我后，观百兽之见我而不走乎？虎以为然，故遂与之行。
兽见之皆走，虎不知兽畏己而走也，以为畏狐也。
2.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。
中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。
中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
参考译文：英译汉1：这次周年纪念会应该是一个老老实实地评估我们过去失误的大好时机，同时也应该是一个表达我们有同样决心要做好今后工作的大好时机。
这样，我们就可免遭挫折，并可把这次周年纪念变成一种鼓舞和成就。
当我讲这番话时，我相信—今天上午我们听到的发言也使我相信—我是代表联合国每一位真诚而严肃的代表讲话的。
2.仅这一点就表明，电视行业是一个不容易生存的领域，这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在欧洲80家电视网中，1989年出现的亏损的多达50%。
•汉译英：• 1. Once a tiger, who went in search of animals for food, found a fox. “You won’t dare to eat me,”the fox said, “as I am appointed leader of all beasts by the Heavenly King. It isagainst the will of the King for you to eat me. In case you doubt my words, let me goahead, and you may follow behind to see if any animal does not run away on seeing me.”The tiger agreed and went with the fox. At the sight of them, all animals fled. The tigerwas thus made to believe they were all afraid of the fox, not knowing it was he himselfthat they had feared and run away from.2. Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.••He was asleep in a short time and he dreamed of Africa when he was a boy and the long golden beaches and the white beaches, so white they hurt your eyes, and the high capes(海岬) and great brown mountains. He lived along that coast now every night and in his dreams heard the surf(海潮) roar and saw the native boats come riding through it. He smelled the tar（柏油）and oakum（填絮）of the deck as he slept and he smelled the smell of Africa that the land breeze brought at moring.他不久就睡去，梦见了他儿童时代所看到的非洲，迤长的金黄色的海滩和白色刺眼的海滩、高耸的海岬和褐色的大山。
现在，他每晚住在海边，在梦中听到了海潮的怒号，看见了本地的小船从海潮中穿梭来去。
睡着的时候，他闻到了甲板上柏油和填絮的味道，闻到了地面上的风在早晨送来的非洲的气息。
Overcoming the Problem of wasteMany large cities are anything but beautiful. Streets are littered with trash. In this trash, however, there is still something that can be useful.If people want to solve the problem of waste, there is no time to be lost. They must work out ways of making use of good things which are just thrown away as waste.When a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But the metal that the car was made of is still good. It can be put to use again.When a bottle is empty, it goes out in the trash. But bottle glass can be gound into sand and used to pave streets.Garbage from food can be changed into fertilizer. But first you have to fish out all the glass and metal.Garbage can also be a good source for making building blocks, which are thencovered with concrete（混凝土）. Now, more and more machines are designed for this purpose. Some day, people will watch films in a magnificent（宏伟的）cinema wich has been built out of garbage. Future buildings, roads, and cities maybe made from garbage. But so far, building beautiful cities out of garbage is only a dream.废物利用现在许多大城市不堪入目。
街道上满是被乱丢乱放的垃圾，而在这些垃圾里，仍有一些有用的东西。
如果人们想解决废物问题，已经是时候了。
他们必须研究出一些垃圾再利用的方法。
如不能再行驶的汽车，车上的金属还是好的，这些金属可以重新利用。
还有废弃在垃圾桶里的空瓶子，玻璃瓶可以被磨成沙用来铺路。
食物垃圾可以变成肥料，但首先你得捡出所有的玻璃和金属。
垃圾也是制造带有混凝土外壳的建筑块的好材料，现在，越来越多的机器为此意图而设计。
将来某一天，人们有可能在用垃圾制成的宏伟的电影院里看电影。
将来的建筑物、公路和城市都可能用垃圾制成。
但到目前为止，用废物建造美丽的城市还只是一个梦想。
捎……他要出国。
人没出外贸局(Foreign Trade Bureau)的大门，这消息不胫而走。
