大学英语翻译期末考试复习

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期末复习

现给大家厘清一下复习思路:

考试卷面分:60 分

考试题型:五种

I 选择更好的译文(10×1’)

(备课组长说有可能是两选一,也可能是三选一)

例如讲义上的第1页

It may be safely assumed that, two thousand years ago, before Caesar set foot in Southern Britain, the whole country-side visible from the windows of room, in which I write, was in what is called “the state of nature.”

A.我们可以有把握地设想,二千年前,在凯撒到达不列颠南

部之前,从我正在写作的这间屋子的窗口,可以看到整个原野都是处于所谓“自然状态”之中。

B.赫胥黎独处一室之中,在英伦之南,背山而面野,槛外诸

境,历历如在几下。乃悬想二千年前,当罗马大将恺彻未到时,此间有何景物。

II翻译评析(15分)

翻译评析评分标准:从翻译的标准(5分)、翻译的方法和策略(5分),以及翻译的技巧(5分)三方面谈。

请复习讲义pp2-4、pp14-29

翻译的标准有传统的:信达(忠实和通顺),有现代奈达的:

从形式对等—到动态对等—最后到功能对等

翻译的基本方法:直译与意译

翻译的基本策略(这是组长这样分的,其实都是翻译的方法):归化与异化

翻译的技巧:词的技巧—词义的确立、词类转换译法、增加、省略、延伸、正反反正译法

句子的技巧—三大从句的译法

III 长句的翻译(3×5’)

两个英语句子,一个汉语句子。

例如1:

Ther e is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee, the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may be her chief interest and pride.

最令女主人失望的是,她花了许多心思或费用来招待客人,可是这位客人只顾津津有味地与她的丈夫谈政治、谈生意,却没注意到香喷喷的咖啡,松软的糕点,或房间内讲究的陈设,而这些却可能是她感到兴趣并引以自豪的主要所在。

例如2:

He had flown in just the day before from Georgia ①where he had spent his vacation basking in the Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job ②he had been engaged in in the South③.

他本来在南方从事一项建筑工程;③任务完成之后,他就上格鲁吉亚度假,享受高加索的阳光,②昨天才做飞机回来。①

原文“在南方从事一项建筑工程”放在句子的最后部分,但是事情发生的时间却在最先;在格鲁吉亚度假也是回来以前的事情,但是叙述中却放在回来这一事件之后。而在汉语译文中则几项事情都是按发生时间的先后顺序安排。

组长说一个汉译英的长句可能来自讲义的pp55-58

IV 段落英译汉

是否来自各章后面的佳译描红呢?不知道啊。

不过英译汉的段落个人认为无非就是将在词的层面:确定词的意义,在将词放在上下文中,看能否直译,不能直译就意译,在词的文化意象处理上:无非就是归化和异化,归化就是更照顾译入语的文化,异化就是更保持源语的文化形象,更富有异国情调;在句子层面:无非就是将长句拆译成短句,按照时间、空间、原因、转折、让步各种逻辑顺序来译。

例如:

Altogether Autumn

It’s time to plant bulbs. But I put it off as long as possible because planting bulbs means, marking space in borders which are still flowering. Pulling out all the annuals which nature has allowed to erupt in overpowering purple, orange and pink, a final cry of joy. That would almost be murder, and so I’ll wait until the first night frost anaesthetizes all the flowers with a cold, creaky crust that causes them to whither; very gentle death. Now I wonder through my garden indecisively, trying to hold on to the last days of late summer.

试看你们同学译的,还不错

又到了种植百合的季节,但我想尽可能把这事放一放,因为这意味着占用仍在开着花的花坛,拔掉所有盛开的各色植物,阻碍她们绽放最后的美丽,那简直就是谋杀。我宁愿等到一夜寒风令她枯萎,冻得吱吱作响,然后轻柔的凋零。我在花园中彳亍,尽力去品味夏天的尾巴。

下面一段你们自己译看看

The trees are plump with leafy splendor. The birch is so soft rustling gold, which is now fluttering down like an unending stream of confetti. Soon November will approaching with its autumn storms and leaden clouds, hanging above your head like soaking wet rags. Just let it stay like this, I think, gazing at the huge mysterious shadows the trees conjure up on the