2010年鄂尔多斯中考数学试题及答案
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2010年中考梯形1、(芜湖)如图,在等腰梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,对角线AC⊥BD于点O,AE⊥BC,DF⊥BC,垂足分别为E、F,AD=4,BC=8,则AE+EF等于()A.9 B.10 C.11 D.122、(芜湖)如图,直角梯形ABCD中,∠ADC=90°,AD∥BC,点E在BC上,点F在AC上,∠DFC=∠AEB.(1)求证:△ADF ∽△CAE;(2)当AD=8,DC=6,点E、F分别是BC、AC的中点时,求直角梯形ABCD的面积3、(鞍山)如图,设M、N分别是直角梯形ABCD两腰的中点,DE⊥AB,将△ADE沿DE翻折,M、N恰好重合,则AB:BE等于()A.2:1B.1:2C.3:2D.2:34、(鞍山)如图,在等腰梯形ABCD中,AB=DC=5,AD=4,BC=10. 点E在下底边BC上,点F在腰AB上.(1)若EF平分等腰梯形ABCD的周长,设BE长为x,试用含x的代数式表示△BEF的面积;(2)是否存在线段EF将等腰梯形ABCD的周长和面积同时平分?若存在,求出此时BE 的长;若不存在,请说明理由;(3)是否存在线段EF将等腰梯形ABCD的周长和面积同时分成1∶2的两部分?若存在,求出此时BE的长;若不存在,请说明理由.③如图,在直角梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,∠C=90°,BC=16,DC=12,AD=21。
动点P从点D出发,沿射线DA的方向以每秒2两个单位长的速度运动,动点Q从点C出发,在线段CB上以每秒1个单位长的速度向点B运动,点P,Q分别从点D,C同时出发,当点Q运动到点B时,点P随之停止运动。
设运动的时间为t(秒).(1)设△BPQ 的面积为S ,求S 与t 之间的函数关系式(2)当t 为何值时,以B ,P ,Q 三点为顶点的三角形是等腰三角形? (3)当线段PQ 与线段AB 相交于点O ,且2AO =OB 时,求t 的值.(4)是否存在时刻t ,使得PQ ⊥BD ?若存在,求出t 的值;若不存在,请说明理由.5、(巴中)已知如图8所示,在梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,AB =AD =DC =8,∠B =60°,连接A C .(1)求cos ∠ACB 的值(2)若E 、F 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,连接EF ,求线段EF 的长。
有理数与实数专题复习专题一 有理数与无理数的意义知识回顾1. 实数的分类2.在实际生活中正负数表示_____的量.典例分析例1:(2010四川巴中)下列各数:2π,错误!未找到引用源。
0.23·,cos60°,227,0.30003……,1 )A .2 个B .3 个C .4 个D .5 个解析:无理数是无限不循环的小数,其中的无理数有2π,0.30003……,1故选C. 评注:解决此类问题的关键是准确把握有理数,无理数及实数的概念,不能片面的从形式上判断属于哪一类数,另外对有关实数进行归类时,必须对已给出的某些数进行化简,以最简的结果进行归类.专题训练一1.(2010年南宁)下列所给的数中,是无理数的是( )A .2B . 2C .12D .0.1 2.(2010年湖北襄樊)下列说法错误的是( )A 2± 是无理数 C D .2是分数3.(2010年上海)下列实数中,是无理数的为( )A . 3.14B . 13C . 3D . 9 4.(2010安徽)在-1,0,1,2这四个数中,既不是正数也不是负数的是( )A .1-B .0C .1D .2专题二 实数的有关概念知识回顾1. 数轴:规定了___、____、___的直线叫数轴.数轴上的点与___是一一对应.2.相反数:到原点的距离相等且符号不同的两个数称为相反数,实数a 的相反数是__,零的相反数是__,a 与b 互为相反数,则_____;3.绝对值:在数轴上,表示一个数的点到原点的距离叫这个数的绝对值.⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<=>=)0___()0(___)0(___||a a a a典例分析例1:(2010.湘潭)下列判断中,你认为正确的是( )A .0的绝对值是0B .31是无理数 C .|—2|的相反数是2 D .1的倒数是1-解析:A评注:解决本题的关键是弄清实数中的有关的概念,关于绝对值除了了解几何意义是表示点到原点的距离,还应理解“正数的绝对值是它本身,零的绝对值是零,负数的绝对值是它的相反数”的内涵;关于无理数应从概念上突破:表示无限不循环小数;|—2|=2,2的相反数为-2;对于倒数,掌握它们的乘积为1.专题训练1.(2009年滨州)对于式子(8)--,下列理解:(1)可表示8-的相反数;(2)可表示1- 与8-的乘积;(3)可表示8-的绝对值;(4)运算结果等于8.其中理解错误的个数是( )A .0B .1C .2D .3 2.(2010年内蒙古鄂尔多斯)如果a 与1互为相反数,则a 等于( ).A .2B .2-C .1D .1-3.(2010年山东菏泽)负实数a 的倒数是( ).A .a -B .1aC .1a- D .a 4.(2010年绵阳)-2是2的( ).A .相反数B .倒数C .绝对值D .算术平方根5.(2010年镇江)31的倒数是 ;21-的相反数是 . 6.(2010年四川成都)若,x y 为实数,且20x ++=,则2010()x y +的值为________. 7.(2010吉林)如图,数轴上点A 所表示的数是_________.8(2010河南)若将三个数是 .专题三 实数的大小比较知识回顾比较实数大小的一般方法:① 性质比较法:正数大于___,负数____0,正数_____任何负数;② 数轴比较法:在数轴上的实数,右边的数总是比左边的数___;差值法:③ 设a ,b 是任意实数,如a -b .>0,则a ___b ,如a -b .<0,则a b ,如a -b =0,则a ___b ;④ 商值法:如a ÷b .>1,则a ___b ,如a ÷b .<1,则a ___b ,如a ÷b .=1,则a ___b ,⑤扩大法;⑥倒数比较法,当然还有分子、分母有理化和换元法等。
2010年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数学注意事项:1.本试题满分120分,考试用时120分钟.答题前将密封线内的项目填写清楚.题号一二三总分1~10 11~18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26得分一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个是正确的,请把正确选项填在下面的选项栏内)题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项1.如果a与1互为相反数,则a等于().A.2B.2-C.1D.1-2.如图,数轴上的点P表示的数可能是().A.5B.-5-C. 3.8-D.10-3.下列计算正确的是().A.2323a a a+=B.326a a a=gC.329()a a=D.341(0)a a a a-÷=≠4.如图,形状相同、大小相等的两个小木块放在一起,其俯视图如图所示,则其主视图是().5.用折纸的方法,可以直接剪出一个正五边形.折纸过程如图所示,则α∠等于().A.108︒B.90︒C.72°D.60°第5题图第4题图(俯视图)A.B.C.D.第2题图6.如图,小明从家走了10分钟后到达了一个离家900米的报亭,看了10分钟的报纸,然后用了15分钟返回到家,下列图象中能表示小明离家距离y (米)与时间x (分)关系的是( ).7.如图,在ABCD Y中,E 是BC 的中点,且AEC DCE ∠=∠,则下列结论不正确...的是( ). A .2ADF EBF S S =△△B .12BF DF =C .四边形AECD 是等腰梯形D .AEB ADC ∠=∠8.已知二次函数2y x bx c =-++中函数y 与自变量x 之间的部分对应值如右表所示,点1122()()A x y B x y ,,,在函数的图象上,当12123o x x <<<<,时,1y 与2y 的大小关系正确的是( ).A .12y y ≥B .12y y >C .12y y <D .12y y ≤9.定义新运算:1()(0)a a b a b a a b b b⎧-⎪⊕=⎨->≠⎪⎩且≤,则函数3y x =⊕的图象大致是( ).10.某移动通讯公司提供了A 、B 两种方案的通讯费用y (元)与通话时间x (分)之间的关系,如图所示,则以下说法错误..的是( ).A .若通话时间少于120分,则A 方案比B 方案便宜20元 B .若通话时间超过200分,则B 方案比A 方案便宜C .若通讯费用为60元,则B 方案比A 方案的通话时间多D .若两种方案通讯费用相差10元,则通话时间是145分或185分第6题图D .C .B .A . D .第9题图C .B .A .第7题图第10题图二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分) 11.在函数2y x =-中,自变量x 的取值范围是__________.12.把[]332(1)a a +--化简得_________.13.“五一”期间,某服装商店举行促销活动,全部商品八折销售,小华购买一件原价为140元的运动服,打折后他比按原价购买节省了________元. 14.为参加“初中毕业升学体育考试”,小亮同学在练习掷实心球时,测得5次投掷的成绩分别为:8,8.2,8.5,8,8.6(单位:m ),这组数据的众数、中位数依次是___________. 15.如图,用小棒摆下面的图形,图形(1)需要3根小棒,图形(2)需要7根小棒……照这样的规律继续摆下去,第n 个图形需要__________根小棒(用含n 的代数式表示).16.已知关于x 的方程232x mx +=-的解是正数,则m 的取值范围为________. 17.如图,现有圆心角为90°的一个扇形纸片,该扇形的半径为50cm .小红同学为了在“圣诞”节联欢晚会上表演节目,她打算剪去部分扇形纸片后,利用剩下的纸片制作成一个底面半径为10cm 的圆锥形纸帽(接缝处不重叠),那么被剪去的扇形纸片的圆心角应该是______度.18.如图,1O ⊙和2O ⊙的半径分别为1和2,连接12O O ,交2O ⊙于点P ,125O O =,若将1O ⊙绕点P 按顺时针方向旋转360°,则1O ⊙与2O ⊙共相切_________次.三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分,解答时要写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推证过程) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:12031227(π2)3-⎛⎫-+--⨯- ⎪⎝⎭;第15题图第17题图第18题图1O2OP(2)先化简:再求值:22222a b ab baa ab a⎛⎫-+÷+⎪-⎝⎭,其中211a b=-=,.20.(本小题满分7分)近年来,随着经济的快速发展,我市城市环境不断改观,社会知名度越来越高,吸引了很多外地游客.某旅行社对5月份本社接待外地游客来我市观光的首选景点作了一次抽样调查,调查结果图表如下:(1)此次共调查了多少人?并将上面的图表补充完整.(2)如果将上表制成扇形统计图,那么“恩格贝”所对的圆心角是多少度?(3)该旅行社预计6月份接待外地来我市的游客2 500人,请你估算一个首选去成陵观光的约有多少人?景点频数频率成陵116 29%响沙湾25%恩格贝84 21%七星湖63 15.75%巴图湾37 9.25%21.(本小题满分6分)如图,A信封中装有两张卡片,卡片上分别写着7cm、3cm;B信封中装有三张卡片,卡片上分别写着2cm、4cm、6cm;信封外有一张写着5cm的卡片.所有卡片的形状、大小都完全相同.现随机从两个信封中各取出一张卡片,与信封外的卡片放在一起,用卡片上标明的数量分别作三条线段的长度.(1)求这三条线段能组成三角形的概率(画出树状图);(2)求这三条线段能组成直角三角形的概率.第20题图第21题图22.(本小题满分8分)如图,在梯形ABCD 中,90AD BC C E ∠=∥,°,为CD 的中点,EF AB ∥交BC 于点F .(1)求证:BF AD CF =+; (2)当17AD BC ==,,且BE 平分ABC ∠时,求EF 的长. 23.(本小题满分7分)某数学兴趣小组,利用树影测量树高,如图(1),已测出树AB 的影长AC 为12米,并测出此时太阳光线与地面成30°夹角.(2 1.43 1.7)≈,≈(1)求出树高AB ;(2)因水土流失,此时树AB 沿太阳光线方向倒下,在倾倒过程中,树影长度发生了变化,假设太阳光线与地面夹角保持不变.(用图(2)解答) ①求树与地面成45°角时的影长; ②求树的最大影长.第22题图 第23题图24.(本小题满分9分)如图,AB 为O ⊙的直径,劣弧»»BCBE BD CE =,∥,连接AE 并延长交BD 于D . 求证:(1)BD 是O ⊙的切线; (2)2AB AC AD =·. 25.(本小题满分10分)在实施“中小学校舍安全工程”之际,某市计划对A 、B 两类学校的校舍进行改造,根据预算,改造一所A 类学校和三所B 类学校的校舍共需资金480万元,改造三所A 类学校和一所B 类学校的校舍共需资金400万元.(1)改造一所A 类学校的校舍和一所B 类学校的校舍所需资金分别是多少万元?(2)该市某县A 、B 两类学校共有8所需要改造.改造资金由国家财政和地方财政共同承担,若国家财政拨付的改造资金不超过770万元,地方财政投入的资金不少于210万元,其中地方财政投入到A 、B 两类学校的改造资金分别为每所20万元和30万元,请你通过计算求出有几种改造方案,每个方案中A 、B 两类学校各有几所.第24题图26.(本小题满分11分)如图,四边形OABC 是一张放在平面直角坐标系的矩形纸片,O 为原点,点A 在x 轴上,点C 在y 轴上,159OA OC ==,,在AB 上取一点M ,使得CBM △沿CM 翻折后,点B 落在x 轴上,记作N 点. (1)求N 点、M 点的坐标;(2)将抛物线236y x =-向右平移(010)a a <<个单位后,得到抛物线l ,l 经过N 点,求抛物线l 的解析式;(3)①抛物线l 的对称轴上存在点P ,使得P 点到M N ,两点的距离之差最大,求P 点的坐标;②若点D 是线段OC 上的一个动点(不与O 、C 重合),过点D 作DE OA ∥交CN 于E ,设CD 的长为m ,PDE △的面积为S ,求S 与m 之间的函数关系式,并说明S 是否存在最大值.若存在,请求出最大值;若不存在,请说明理由.第26题图2010年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数学试题参考答案及评分说明(一)阅卷评分说明1.正式阅卷前先进行试评,在试评中认真阅读参考答案,明确评分标准,不得随意拔高或降低评分标准.试评的试卷必须在阅卷后期予以复查,防止前后期评分标准宽严不一致. 2.评分方式为分步累计评分,解答过程的某一步骤发生笔误,只要不降低后继部分的难度,而后继部分再无新的错误,后继部分可评应得分数的50%;若是几个相对独立的得分点,其中一处错误不影响其它得分点的评分.3.最小记分单位为1分,不得将评分标准细化至1分以下(即不得记小数分).4.解答题题头一律记该题的实际得分,不得用记负分的方式记分.对解题中的错误须用红笔标出,并继续评分,直至将解题过程评阅完毕,并在最后得分点处标上该题实际得分. 5.本参考答案只给出一至两种解法,凡有其它正确解法都应参照本评分说明分步确定得分点,并同样实行分步累计评分.6.合理精简解题步骤者,其简化的解题过程不影响评分. (二)参考答案及评分标准二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分) 11.2x ≥ 12.5a + 13.28 14.8,8.215.41n -16.64m m >-≠-且17.18(18)°18.3三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:12012(π3-⎛⎫-⨯ ⎪⎝⎭解:原式=433--- ····························································· 3分(一处正确给1分)10=-. ······································································································· 4分(2)先化简:再求值:22222a b ab b a a ab a ⎛⎫-+÷+ ⎪-⎝⎭,其中11a b ==,.解:原式=2()()()()a b a b a b a a b a+-+÷- ·········································· 2分(一处正确给1分)=1a b+ ·········································································································· 3分2==·························································································· 4分 20.(本小题满分7分)景点 频数 频率 成陵 116 29% 响沙湾 100 25% 恩格贝 84 21% 七星湖 63 15.75% 巴图湾379.25%解:(1)8421%400÷=(人).答:共调查了400人. ········································ 2分40025%100⨯=(人),补充图表如下 ················································ 4分(各1分) (2)36021%75.6⨯=°°.答:“恩格贝”所对的圆心角是75.6°. ·························· 6分 (3)250029%725⨯=(人).答:首选去成陵的人数约725人. ··························· 7分 21.(本小题满分6分) 解:(1)树状图:············································· 3分42()63P ==组成三角形.···················································································· 5分 (2)1()6P =组成直角三角形. ··········································································· 6分 22.(本小题满分8分) (1)证法一: 如图(1),延长AD 交FE 的延长线于N ,90NDE FCE DEN FEC DE EC ∠=∠=∠=∠=Q °,,,NDE FCE ∴△≌△. ····················································································· 3分 DN CF ∴=. ······························································································· 4分 AB FN AN BF Q ∥,∥,∴四边形ABFN 是平行四边形. ··································· 5分 BF AD DN AD FC ∴=+=+. ······································································· 6分 (2)解:1.AB EF BEF ∴∠=∠Q ∥,122BEF ∠=∠∴∠=∠Q ,.EF BF ∴=. ································································································ 7分 17422AD BC EF AD CF ++∴=+=+=. ························································· 8分 (1)证法二:如图(2)过D 点作DN AB ∥交BC 于N ,AD BN AB DN AD BN ∴=Q ∥,∥,. ····················· 1分 EF AB DN EF ∴Q ∥,∥. ····································· 2分 CEF CDN ∴△∽△. ············································· 3分 图(1)图(2)CE CFDC CN∴=. ······························································································ 4分 1122CE CF NF CF DC CN ===∴Q,,即. ····································································· 5分 BF BN NF AD FC ∴=+=+. ········································································ 6分 23.(本小题满分7分) 解:(1)tan30AB AC =° ··············································································· 1分3124373=⨯=≈(米).(结果也可以保留一位小数,下同) 答:树高约7米. ···························································································· 2分(2)①如图(2),112sin 454352B N AN AB ===⨯°≈(米) ························ 3分 11tan602638NC NB ==⨯°≈(米) ··························································· 4分 115813AC AN NC =+=+=(米).答:树与地面成45°角时影长约13米. ······························································· 5分 ②如图(2)当树与地面成60°角时影长最大2AC (或树与光线垂直时影长最大或光线与半径为AB 的A ⊙相切时影长最大) ······································································ 6分22214AC AB =≈(米).答:树的最大影长约14米. ·············································································· 7分24.(本小题满分9分)证明:(1)»»CBBE =Q , »»12AC AE AC AE ∴∠=∠==,,, ······························ 2分AB CE ∴⊥. ·························································· 3分 CE BD AB BD ∴⊥Q ∥,. ········································ 4分 BD ∴是O ⊙的切线. ················································ 5分 (2)连接CB .AB Q 是O ⊙的直径,90ACB ∴∠=°. ······························································ 6分 90ABD ACB ABD ∠=∴∠=∠Q °,. ································································· 7分 12ACB ABD ∠=∠∴Q ,△∽△. ····································································· 8分2AC AB AB AD AC AB AD∴=∴=,·. ····································································· 9分 (证法二,连接BE ,证明略) 25.(本小题满分10分)解:(1)设改造一所A 类学校的校舍需资金x 万元,改造一所B 类学校的校舍需资金y 万元,则34803400x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩ ···························································· 3分(正确一个方程组2分) 解之得90130x y =⎧⎨=⎩. ·························································································· 4分 答:改造一所A 类学校的校舍需资金90万元,改造一所B 类学校的校舍需资金130万元. ···················································································································· 5分(2)设A 类学校应该有a 所,则B 类学校有(8)a -所,则2030(8)210(9020)(13030)(8)770a a a a +-⎧⎨-+--⎩≥≤ ························· 7分(正确一个不等式给1分) 解得31a a ⎧⎨⎩≤≥. ································································································ 8分 13a ∴≤≤,即123a =,,. ············································································· 9分 答:有3种改造方案:方案一:A 类学校1所,B 类学校7所;方案二:A 类学校2所,B 类学校6所;方案三:A 类学校3所,B 类学校5所. ··························································· 10分26.(本小题满分11分)解:如图(1)159CN CB OC ===Q ,,2215912(120)ON N ∴=-=∴,,.································ 1分 又15123AN OA ON =-=-=Q ,设AM x =,2223(9)x x ∴+=-, ···················································· 2分4(154)x M ∴=,,. ······················································································· 3分(2)解法一:设抛物线l 为2()36y x a =--,则2(12)36.a -= ···························································································· 4分 16a ∴=或218a =(舍去). ············································································· 5分∴抛物线2:(6)36l y x =--. ·········································································· 6分解法二:21236066x x x -==-=Q ,,,236y x ∴=-与x 轴的交点为(60)-,和(60),. ···················································· 4分 由题意知,交点(60),向右平移6个单位到N 点, ·················································· 5分 所以236y x =-向右平移6个单位得到抛物线2:(6)36l y x =--. ························· 6分(3)①由“三角形任意两边的差小于第三边”知,P 点是直线MN 与对称轴6x =的交点,···································· 7分 设直线MN 的解析式为y kx b =+,则120154k b k b +=⎧⎨+=⎩,解之得4316k b ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩ 416.(68)3y x P ∴=-∴-,. ············································································· 8分 ②DE OA ACB ABD ∴Q ∥,△∽△,49123m DE DE m ∴==,. ···························· 9分 214234(98)2333S m m m m ∴=⨯⨯+-=-+. ···················································· 10分 203a =-<Q ,开口向下,又343431739234223m ⨯=-==<⨯⎛⎫⨯- ⎪⎝⎭,S ∴有最大值, 2217341728932326S ⎛⎫=-⨯+⨯= ⎪⎝⎭最大. ······························································ 11分。
2007年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数 学(课标)注意事项:1.本试题满分120分,考试用时120分钟; 2.答题前将密封线内的项目填写清楚;3.考试结束后将试卷按页码顺序排好,全部上交.一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个是正确的,请把正确选项的标号填在下面的选项栏内.) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项 1.3-的相反数是( ) A .3-B .3C .13-D .132.图1是由6个相同的小正方体搭成的几何体,那么这个几何体的俯视图是( )3.我市2006年财政收入近150亿元,居自治区首位.150亿用科学记数法可表示为( ) A .81.510⨯B .91.510⨯C .101.510⨯D .111.510⨯4.能够刻画一组数据离散程度的统计量是( )A .平均数B .众数C .中位数D .方差 5.将圆柱形纸筒沿母线AB 剪开铺平,得到一个矩形(如图2).如果将这个纸筒沿线路B M A →→剪开铺平,得到的图形是( ) A .平行四边形 B .矩形C .三角形D .半圆6.鄂尔多斯市成陵旅游区到响沙湾旅游区之间的距离为105公里,在一张比例尺为1:2000000的交通旅游图上,它们之间的距离大约相当于( )A .一根火柴的长度B .一支钢笔的长度C .一支铅笔的长度D .一根筷子的长度 7.下列说法正确的有( ) (1)如图3(a ),可以利用刻度尺和三角板测量圆形工件的直径; (2)如图3(b ),可以利用直角曲尺检查工件是否为半圆形; (3)如图3(c ),两次使用丁字尺(CD 所在直线垂直平分线段AB )可以找到圆形工件的圆心;(4)如图3(d ),测倾器零刻度线和铅垂线的夹角,就是从P 点看A 点时仰角的度数.图1 A . B . C . D . A B MAB M ()A ()B 图2A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个8.一种蔬菜加工后出售,单价可提高20%,但重量减少10%.现有未加工的这种蔬菜30千克,加工后可以比不加工多卖12元,则这种蔬菜加工前和加工后每千克各卖多少元?设这种蔬菜加工前每千克卖x 元,加工后每千克卖y 元,根据题意,所列方程组正确的是( ) A .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =+⎧⎨+-=⎩%%B .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =+⎧⎨--=⎩%%C .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =-⎧⎨--=⎩%%D .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =-⎧⎨+-=⎩%%9.如图4,一只蚂蚁以均匀的速度沿台阶12345A A A A A →→→→爬行,那么蚂蚁爬行的高度..h 随时间t 变化的图象大致是( )10.观察表1,寻找规律.表2是从表1中截取的一部分,其中a b c ,,的值分别为( ) 表1 表2 1 2 3 4 …… 2 4 6 8 …… 3 6 9 12 …… 4 8 12 16 …… …………………………A .20,25,24B .25,20,24C .18,25,24D .20,30,25二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分)11.如图5,AB CD ∥,58B =o∠,20E =o∠,则D ∠的度数为 .16 a20 bc30图3(a )图3(b )图3(c )图3(d )AABCDP图4 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A O h t A . O h tB . O h tC . O ht D .图5 A BC D E F图6B (12)A , yx O 1 212.若43x y =,则y x y=+ . 13.如图6,双曲线1k y x=与直线2y k x =相交于A B ,两点,如果A 点的坐标是(12),,那么B 点的坐标为 .14.不等式组30240x x -⎧⎨+>⎩≤的解集是 .15.如图7,以O 为圆心的两个同心圆中,大圆的弦AB 切小圆于P ,如果4cm AB =,则图中阴影部分的面积为 2cm (结果用π表示).16.如图8,点P 在AOB ∠的平分线上,若使AOP BOP △≌△,则需添加的一个条件是 (只写一个即可,不添加辅助线). 17.在边长为a 的正方形纸片中剪去一个边长为b 的小正方形()a b >(如图9(1)),把余下的部分沿虚线剪开,拼成一个矩形(如图9(2)),分别计算这两个图形阴影部分的面积,可以验证的乘法公式是 (用字母表示).18.如图10,房间里有一只老鼠,门外蹲着一只小猫,如果每块正方形地砖的边长为1米,那么老鼠在地面上能避开小猫视线的活动范围为 平方米(不计墙的厚度).三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分.解答时要写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推证过程) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:11(12)42-⎛⎫++-- ⎪⎝⎭.图7 A B P O图8ABP O图9(1) 图9(2) ab图10 猫 房间 门 1米(2)化简:212111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+- ⎪-⎝⎭.20.(本小题满分6分)某市教育行政部门为了解初中学生参加综合实践活动的情况,随机抽取了本市初一、初二、初三年级各500名学生进行了调查.调查结果如图11所示,请你根据图中的信息回答问题.(1)在被调查的学生中,参加综合实践活动的有多少人?参加科技活动的有多少人? (2)如果本市有3万名初中学生,请你估计参加科技活动的学生约有多少名? 21.(本小题满分6分) 有四张背面相同的纸牌A B C D ,,,,其正面分别画有四个不同的几何图形(如图12).小明将这4张纸牌背面朝上洗匀后摸出一张,将剩余3张洗匀后再摸出一张. (1)用树状图(或列表法)表示两次摸牌所有可能出现的结果(纸牌用A B C D ,,,表示);(2)求摸出的两张牌面图形既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形纸牌的概率.22.(本小题满分6分) 如图13,A B ,两镇相距60km ,小山C 在A 镇的北偏东60o方向,在B 镇的北偏西30o方向.经探测,发现小山C 周围20km 的圆形区域内储有大量煤炭,有关部门规定,该区域内禁止建房修路.现计划修筑连接A B ,两镇的一条笔直的公路,试分析这条公路是否会经过该区域?初一 初二 初三 年级人数 0100 200 300 400 500 450 350 150 参加综合实践活动人数统计图60% 14% 16%文体活动 社会调查 社区服务 科技活动 参加综合实践活动人数分布统计图 图11正三角形 A 正方形 B 菱 形 C 等腰梯形D图12 北北 A C B60o30o 图1323.(本小题满分9分)如图14,在ABC △中,90ACB =o∠,D 是AB 的中点,以DC 为直径的O e 交ABC △的边于G F E ,,点. 求证:(1)F 是BC 的中点;(2)A GEF =∠∠.24.(本小题满分10分)有甲、乙两家通迅公司,甲公司每月通话的收费标准如图15所示;乙公司每月通话收费标准如表3所示.表3(1)观察图15,甲公司用户月通话时间不超过100分钟时应付话费金额是 元;甲公司用户通话100分钟以后,每分钟的通话费为 元;(2)李女士买了一部手机,如果她的月通话时间不超过100分钟,她选择哪家通迅公司更合算?如果她的月通话时间超过100分钟,又将如何选择? 25.(本小题满分9分) 我们给出如下定义:若一个四边形中存在相邻两边的平方和等于一条对角线的平方,则称这个四边形为勾股四边形,这两条相邻的边称为这个四边形的勾股边.(1)写出你所学过的特殊四边形中是勾股四边形的两种图形的名称 , ; (2)如图16(1),已知格点(小正方形的顶点)(00)O ,,(30)A ,,(04)B ,,请你画出以格点为顶点,OA OB ,为勾股边且对角线相等的勾股四边形OAMB ;(3)如图16(2),将ABC △绕顶点B 按顺时针方向旋转60o,得到DBE △,连结月租费 通话费 2.5元 0.15元/分钟A B C D E F GO图14图15 ()t 分()y 元O 100 20020 40 y B O A x 图16(1)AD DC ,,30DCB =o ∠.求证:222DC BC AC +=,即四边形ABCD 是勾股四边形. 26.(本小题满分12分)如图17,抛物线2229y x nx n =-++-(n 为常数)经过坐标原点和x 轴上另一点C ,顶点在第一象限.(1)确定抛物线所对应的函数关系式,并写出顶点坐标;(2)在四边形OABC 内有一矩形MNPQ ,点M N ,分别在OA BC ,上,点Q P ,在x 轴上.当MN 为多少时,矩形MNPQ 的面积最大?最大面积是多少?2007年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试 数学试题参考答案及评分说明(课标)(一)阅卷评分说明1.正式阅卷前先进行试评,在试评中认真阅读参考答案,明确评分标准,不得随意拔高或降低评分标准.试评的试卷必须在阅卷后期全部予以复查,防止阅卷前后期评分标准宽严不一致.2.评分方式为分步累计评分,解答过程的某一步骤发生笔误,只要不降低后继部分的难度,而后继部分再无新的错误,后继部分可评应得分数的50%;若是几个相对独立的得分点,其中一处错误不影响其它得分点的评分.ABCDE60o图16(2)yOC x图173.最小记分单位为1分,不得将评分标准细化至1分以下(即不得记小数分).4.解答题题头一律记该题的实际得分,不得用记负分的方式记分.对解题中的错误须用红笔标出,并继续评分,直至将解题过程评阅完毕,并在最后得分点处标上该题实际得分.5.本参考答案只给出一至两种解法,凡有其它正确解法都应参照本评分说明分步确定得分点,并同样实行分步累计评分.6.合理精简解题步骤者,其简化的解题过程不影响评分. (二)参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项 B C C D A A D B B A 二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分.) 11.38o(或38)12.3713.(12)--, 14.23x -<≤ 15.4π16.OA OB =(或OAP OBP =∠∠或APO BPO =∠∠)17.22()()a b a b a b -=+-(或22()()a b a b a b +-=-)18.17(填空正确给3分,图形不正确不扣分;图形正确,计算不正确可给1分.) 三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分.) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:11(12)42-⎛⎫++-- ⎪⎝⎭解:原式124=+- ······················································· 3分(一处计算正确给1分) 1=- ······························································································· 4分(2)化简:212111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+- ⎪-⎝⎭解:原式2(1)(1)1a a a -=+-- ············································ 2分(一处计算正确给1分)(1)(1)a a =+-- ··············································································· 3分 2= ········································································································· 4分 20.(本小题满分6分) 解:(1)450350150950++=(人) ······································· 1分(无单位不扣分)950(1601614)95⨯---=%%%(人) ···································· 3分(无单位不扣分)答:参加综合实践活动的有950人,参加科技活动的有95人. ································ 4分(2)95030000105003⨯⨯⨯% ············································································· 5分95201900=⨯=(人) ··················································· 6分(无单位不扣分)答:参加科技活动的学生估计有1900人. 21.(本小题满分6分)树状图: 列表:··········································································· 4分 注:出现3处(共12处)错误扣1分,扣完为止.(2)21126P == ··························································································· 6分 答:概率是16.22.(本小题满分6分)解:作CD AB ⊥于D ,由题意知:30CAB =o∠60CBA =o ∠ 90ACB =o∠ ································· 1分 30DCB ∴=o∠ ··················································· 2分 ∴在Rt ABC △中,1302BC AB == ································································ 3分 在Rt DBC △中,cos30CD BC =o································································ 4分 3302=⨯··································································· 5分 15320=> ································································ 6分 答:这条公路不经过该区域. 23.(本小题满分9分) 证法一: (1)连结DF ,90ACB =o Q ∠,D 是AB 的中点12BD DC AB ∴==············································· 2分 DC Q 是O e 的直径DF BC ∴⊥ ······················································· 4分 BF FC ∴=,即F 是BC 的中点. ························· 5分 (2)D F Q ,分别是AB BC ,的中点A B C D A A BA C A DB A B BC BD C A C B C D C D A D B D D C AB C D D B C A D C A B D A B C 1 北北AD CB60o30oABCDEF GODF AC ∴∥ ································································································· 6分 A BDF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 7分 BDF GEF ∴=∠∠ ······················································································· 8分 A GEF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 9分 证法二:(1)连结DF DE , DC Q 是O e 直径90DEC DFC ∴==o ∠∠ ················································································ 1分 90ECF =o Q ∠ ∴四边形DECF 是矩形EF CD ∴=,DF EC = ······································· 2分 D Q 是AB 的中点,90ACB =o∠12EF CD BD AB ∴=== ····································· 3分 DBF EFC ∴△≌△ ············································· 4分 BF FC ∴=,即F 是BC 的中点. ························· 5分 (2)DBF EFC Q △≌△BDF FEC ∴=∠∠,B EFC =∠∠ ································································· 6分 90ACB =o Q ∠(也可证AB EF ∥,得A FEC =∠∠)A FEC ∴=∠∠····························································································· 7分 FEG BDF =Q ∠∠ ······················································································· 8分 A GEF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 9分 (此题证法较多,大纲卷参考答案中,又给出了两种不同的证法,可供参考.)24.(本小题满分10分) (1)20;0.2 ············································································ 4分(每空2分) (2)通话时间不超过100分钟选甲公司合算 ························································ 5分 解:设通话时间为t 分钟(100t >),甲公司用户通话费为1y 元,乙公司用户通话费为2y 元. 则:1200.2(100)0.2y t t =+-= ·························· 6分(条件100t >没有写出不扣分)2250.15y t =+ ····························································································· 7分当12y y = 即:0.2250.15t t =+时,500t = ···················································· 8分 当12y y > 即:0.2250.15t t >+时,500t >当12y y < 即:0.2250.15t t <+时,500t < ······················································ 9分 答:通话时间不超过500分钟选甲公司;500分钟选甲、乙公司均可;超过500分钟选乙公司. ··········································································································· 10分 25.(本小题满分9分)A BCD E F GO(1)正方形、长方形、直角梯形.(任选两个均可) ··············· 2分(填正确一个得1分) (2)答案如图所示.(34)M ,或(43)M ,.(没有写出不扣分)······· 2分(根据图形给分,一个图形正确得1分)(3)证明:连结ECABC DBE Q △≌△ ······················································································· 5分 AC DE ∴=,BC BE = ················································································· 6分 60CBE =o Q ∠ EC BC ∴=,60BCE =o ∠ ······················································ 7分 30DCB =o Q ∠ 90DCE ∴=o ∠ 222DC EC DE ∴+= ······································· 8分 222DC BC AC ∴+=,即四边形ABCD 是勾股四边形 ·········································· 9分26.(本小题满分12分)解(1)Q 抛物线过(00),点.290n ∴-= ·························································· 1分 3n ∴=± ······································································································ 2分 Q 顶点在第一象限,02bn a∴-=>且22244044ac b n n a --==>-(不写不扣分) 3n ∴= ········································································································ 3分 ∴抛物线26y x x =-+ ···················································································· 4分顶点坐标为(39), ···························································································· 5分 (2)①B 点的坐标为(48), ·············································································· 6分 ②如图所示,作AH x ⊥轴于H .设M 点的坐标为()x y ,OMQ OAH ∴△∽△ OQ MQOH AH∴= ······················· 7分28x y∴= 4y x ∴= ·············································· 8分 由抛物线的对称性可知:62QP MN x ==- ············· 9分y B O MMA x ABC DE 60o y A MO Q H (39),B NP C x。
鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数 学(课标)注意事项:1.本试题满分120分,考试用时120分钟; 2.答题前将密封线内的项目填写清楚;3.考试结束后将试卷按页码顺序排好,全部上交.一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个是正确的,请把正确选项的标号填在下面的选项栏内.) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项 1.3-的相反数是( ) A .3-B .3C .13-D .132.图1是由6个相同的小正方体搭成的几何体,那么这个几何体的俯视图是( )3.我市2006年财政收入近150亿元,居自治区首位.150亿用科学记数法可表示为( ) A .81.510⨯B .91.510⨯C .101.510⨯D .111.510⨯4.能够刻画一组数据离散程度的统计量是( )A .平均数B .众数C .中位数D .方差 5.将圆柱形纸筒沿母线AB 剪开铺平,得到一个矩形(如图2).如果将这个纸筒沿线路B M A →→剪开铺平,得到的图形是( ) A .平行四边形 B .矩形C .三角形D .半圆6.鄂尔多斯市成陵旅游区到响沙湾旅游区之间的距离为105公里,在一张比例尺为1:2000000的交通旅游图上,它们之间的距离大约相当于( )A .一根火柴的长度B .一支钢笔的长度C .一支铅笔的长度D .一根筷子的长度 7.下列说法正确的有( ) (1)如图3(a ),可以利用刻度尺和三角板测量圆形工件的直径; (2)如图3(b ),可以利用直角曲尺检查工件是否为半圆形; (3)如图3(c ),两次使用丁字尺(CD 所在直线垂直平分线段AB )可以找到圆形工件的圆心;(4)如图3(d ),测倾器零刻度线和铅垂线的夹角,就是从P 点看A 点时仰角的度数.图1 A . B . C . D . A B MAB M ()A ()B 图2A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个8.一种蔬菜加工后出售,单价可提高20%,但重量减少10%.现有未加工的这种蔬菜30千克,加工后可以比不加工多卖12元,则这种蔬菜加工前和加工后每千克各卖多少元?设这种蔬菜加工前每千克卖x 元,加工后每千克卖y 元,根据题意,所列方程组正确的是( ) A .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =+⎧⎨+-=⎩%%B .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =+⎧⎨--=⎩%%C .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =-⎧⎨--=⎩%%D .(120)30(110)3012y xy x =-⎧⎨+-=⎩%%9.如图4,一只蚂蚁以均匀的速度沿台阶12345A A A A A →→→→爬行,那么蚂蚁爬行的高度..h 随时间t 变化的图象大致是( )10.观察表1,寻找规律.表2是从表1中截取的一部分,其中a b c ,,的值分别为( ) 表1 表2 1 2 3 4 …… 2 4 6 8 …… 3 6 9 12 …… 4 8 12 16 …… …………………………A .20,25,24B .25,20,24C .18,25,24D .20,30,25二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分)11.如图5,AB CD ∥,58B =o∠,20E =o∠,则D ∠的度数为 .16 a20 bc30图3(a )图3(b )图3(c )图3(d )AABCDP图4 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A O h t A . O h tB . O h tC . O ht D .图5 A BC D E F图6B (12)A , yx O 1 212.若43x y =,则y x y=+ . 13.如图6,双曲线1k y x=与直线2y k x =相交于A B ,两点,如果A 点的坐标是(12),,那么B 点的坐标为 .14.不等式组30240x x -⎧⎨+>⎩≤的解集是 .15.如图7,以O 为圆心的两个同心圆中,大圆的弦AB 切小圆于P ,如果4cm AB =,则图中阴影部分的面积为 2cm (结果用π表示).16.如图8,点P 在AOB ∠的平分线上,若使AOP BOP △≌△,则需添加的一个条件是 (只写一个即可,不添加辅助线). 17.在边长为a 的正方形纸片中剪去一个边长为b 的小正方形()a b >(如图9(1)),把余下的部分沿虚线剪开,拼成一个矩形(如图9(2)),分别计算这两个图形阴影部分的面积,可以验证的乘法公式是 (用字母表示).18.如图10,房间里有一只老鼠,门外蹲着一只小猫,如果每块正方形地砖的边长为1米,那么老鼠在地面上能避开小猫视线的活动范围为 平方米(不计墙的厚度).三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分.解答时要写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推证过程) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:11(12)42-⎛⎫++-- ⎪⎝⎭.图7 A B P O图8ABP O图9(1) 图9(2) ab图10 猫 房间 门 1米(2)化简:212111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+- ⎪-⎝⎭.20.(本小题满分6分)某市教育行政部门为了解初中学生参加综合实践活动的情况,随机抽取了本市初一、初二、初三年级各500名学生进行了调查.调查结果如图11所示,请你根据图中的信息回答问题.(1)在被调查的学生中,参加综合实践活动的有多少人?参加科技活动的有多少人? (2)如果本市有3万名初中学生,请你估计参加科技活动的学生约有多少名? 21.(本小题满分6分) 有四张背面相同的纸牌A B C D ,,,,其正面分别画有四个不同的几何图形(如图12).小明将这4张纸牌背面朝上洗匀后摸出一张,将剩余3张洗匀后再摸出一张. (1)用树状图(或列表法)表示两次摸牌所有可能出现的结果(纸牌用A B C D ,,,表示);(2)求摸出的两张牌面图形既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形纸牌的概率.22.(本小题满分6分) 如图13,A B ,两镇相距60km ,小山C 在A 镇的北偏东60o方向,在B 镇的北偏西30o方向.经探测,发现小山C 周围20km 的圆形区域内储有大量煤炭,有关部门规定,该区域内禁止建房修路.现计划修筑连接A B ,两镇的一条笔直的公路,试分析这条公路是否会经过该区域?初一 初二 初三 年级人数 0100 200 300 400 500 450 350 150 参加综合实践活动人数统计图60% 14% 16%文体活动 社会调查 社区服务 科技活动 参加综合实践活动人数分布统计图 图11正三角形 A 正方形 B 菱 形 C 等腰梯形D图12 北北 A C B60o30o 图1323.(本小题满分9分)如图14,在ABC △中,90ACB =o∠,D 是AB 的中点,以DC 为直径的O e 交ABC △的边于G F E ,,点. 求证:(1)F 是BC 的中点;(2)A GEF =∠∠.24.(本小题满分10分)有甲、乙两家通迅公司,甲公司每月通话的收费标准如图15所示;乙公司每月通话收费标准如表3所示.表3(1)观察图15,甲公司用户月通话时间不超过100分钟时应付话费金额是 元;甲公司用户通话100分钟以后,每分钟的通话费为 元;(2)李女士买了一部手机,如果她的月通话时间不超过100分钟,她选择哪家通迅公司更合算?如果她的月通话时间超过100分钟,又将如何选择? 25.(本小题满分9分) 我们给出如下定义:若一个四边形中存在相邻两边的平方和等于一条对角线的平方,则称这个四边形为勾股四边形,这两条相邻的边称为这个四边形的勾股边.(1)写出你所学过的特殊四边形中是勾股四边形的两种图形的名称 , ; (2)如图16(1),已知格点(小正方形的顶点)(00)O ,,(30)A ,,(04)B ,,请你画出以格点为顶点,OA OB ,为勾股边且对角线相等的勾股四边形OAMB ;(3)如图16(2),将ABC △绕顶点B 按顺时针方向旋转60o,得到DBE △,连结月租费 通话费 2.5元 0.15元/分钟A B C D E F GO图14图15 ()t 分()y 元O 100 20020 40 y B O A x 图16(1)AD DC ,,30DCB =o ∠.求证:222DC BC AC +=,即四边形ABCD 是勾股四边形. 26.(本小题满分12分)如图17,抛物线2229y x nx n =-++-(n 为常数)经过坐标原点和x 轴上另一点C ,顶点在第一象限.(1)确定抛物线所对应的函数关系式,并写出顶点坐标;(2)在四边形OABC 内有一矩形MNPQ ,点M N ,分别在OA BC ,上,点Q P ,在x 轴上.当MN 为多少时,矩形MNPQ 的面积最大?最大面积是多少?2007年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试 数学试题参考答案及评分说明(课标)(一)阅卷评分说明1.正式阅卷前先进行试评,在试评中认真阅读参考答案,明确评分标准,不得随意拔高或降低评分标准.试评的试卷必须在阅卷后期全部予以复查,防止阅卷前后期评分标准宽严不一致.2.评分方式为分步累计评分,解答过程的某一步骤发生笔误,只要不降低后继部分的难度,而后继部分再无新的错误,后继部分可评应得分数的50%;若是几个相对独立的得分点,其中一处错误不影响其它得分点的评分.ABCDE60o图16(2)yOC x图173.最小记分单位为1分,不得将评分标准细化至1分以下(即不得记小数分).4.解答题题头一律记该题的实际得分,不得用记负分的方式记分.对解题中的错误须用红笔标出,并继续评分,直至将解题过程评阅完毕,并在最后得分点处标上该题实际得分.5.本参考答案只给出一至两种解法,凡有其它正确解法都应参照本评分说明分步确定得分点,并同样实行分步累计评分.6.合理精简解题步骤者,其简化的解题过程不影响评分. (二)参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项 B C C D A A D B B A 二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分.) 11.38o(或38)12.3713.(12)--, 14.23x -<≤ 15.4π16.OA OB =(或OAP OBP =∠∠或APO BPO =∠∠)17.22()()a b a b a b -=+-(或22()()a b a b a b +-=-)18.17(填空正确给3分,图形不正确不扣分;图形正确,计算不正确可给1分.) 三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分.) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:11(12)42-⎛⎫++-- ⎪⎝⎭解:原式124=+- ······················································· 3分(一处计算正确给1分) 1=- ······························································································· 4分(2)化简:212111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+- ⎪-⎝⎭解:原式2(1)(1)1a a a -=+-- ············································ 2分(一处计算正确给1分)(1)(1)a a =+-- ··············································································· 3分 2= ········································································································· 4分 20.(本小题满分6分) 解:(1)450350150950++=(人) ······································· 1分(无单位不扣分) 950(1601614)95⨯---=%%%(人) ···································· 3分(无单位不扣分) 答:参加综合实践活动的有950人,参加科技活动的有95人. ································ 4分(2)95030000105003⨯⨯⨯% ············································································· 5分95201900=⨯=(人) ··················································· 6分(无单位不扣分)答:参加科技活动的学生估计有1900人. 21.(本小题满分6分)树状图: 列表:··········································································· 4分 注:出现3处(共12处)错误扣1分,扣完为止.(2)21126P == ··························································································· 6分 答:概率是16.22.(本小题满分6分)解:作CD AB ⊥于D ,由题意知:30CAB =o∠ 60CBA =o∠ 90ACB =o∠ ································· 1分 30DCB ∴=o ∠ ··················································· 2分 ∴在Rt ABC △中,1302BC AB == ································································ 3分 在Rt DBC △中,cos30CD BC =o································································ 4分 3302=⨯··································································· 5分 15320=> ································································ 6分 答:这条公路不经过该区域. 23.(本小题满分9分) 证法一: (1)连结DF ,90ACB =o Q ∠,D 是AB 的中点12BD DC AB ∴==············································· 2分 DC Q 是O e 的直径DF BC ∴⊥ ······················································· 4分 BF FC ∴=,即F 是BC 的中点. ························· 5分 (2)D F Q ,分别是AB BC ,的中点A B C D A A BA C A DB A B BC BD C A C B C D C D A D B D D C AB C D D B C A D C A B D A B C 1 北北AD CB60o30oABCDEF GODF AC ∴∥ ································································································· 6分 A BDF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 7分 BDF GEF ∴=∠∠ ······················································································· 8分 A GEF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 9分 证法二:(1)连结DF DE , DC Q 是O e 直径90DEC DFC ∴==o ∠∠ ················································································ 1分 90ECF =o Q ∠ ∴四边形DECF 是矩形EF CD ∴=,DF EC = ······································· 2分 D Q 是AB 的中点,90ACB =o∠12EF CD BD AB ∴=== ····································· 3分 DBF EFC ∴△≌△ ············································· 4分 BF FC ∴=,即F 是BC 的中点. ························· 5分 (2)DBF EFC Q △≌△BDF FEC ∴=∠∠,B EFC =∠∠ ································································· 6分 90ACB =o Q ∠(也可证AB EF ∥,得A FEC =∠∠)A FEC ∴=∠∠····························································································· 7分 FEG BDF =Q ∠∠ ······················································································· 8分 A GEF ∴=∠∠ ···························································································· 9分 (此题证法较多,大纲卷参考答案中,又给出了两种不同的证法,可供参考.)24.(本小题满分10分) (1)20;0.2 ············································································ 4分(每空2分) (2)通话时间不超过100分钟选甲公司合算 ························································ 5分 解:设通话时间为t 分钟(100t >),甲公司用户通话费为1y 元,乙公司用户通话费为2y 元. 则:1200.2(100)0.2y t t =+-= ·························· 6分(条件100t >没有写出不扣分)2250.15y t =+ ····························································································· 7分当12y y = 即:0.2250.15t t =+时,500t = ···················································· 8分 当12y y > 即:0.2250.15t t >+时,500t >当12y y < 即:0.2250.15t t <+时,500t < ······················································ 9分 答:通话时间不超过500分钟选甲公司;500分钟选甲、乙公司均可;超过500分钟选乙公司. ··········································································································· 10分 25.(本小题满分9分)A BCD E F GO(1)正方形、长方形、直角梯形.(任选两个均可) ··············· 2分(填正确一个得1分) (2)答案如图所示.(34)M ,或(43)M ,.(没有写出不扣分)······· 2分(根据图形给分,一个图形正确得1分)(3)证明:连结ECABC DBE Q △≌△ ······················································································· 5分 AC DE ∴=,BC BE = ················································································· 6分 60CBE =o Q ∠ EC BC ∴=,60BCE =o ∠ ······················································ 7分 30DCB =o Q ∠ 90DCE ∴=o ∠ 222DC EC DE ∴+= ······································· 8分 222DC BC AC ∴+=,即四边形ABCD 是勾股四边形 ·········································· 9分 26.(本小题满分12分)解(1)Q 抛物线过(00),点.290n ∴-= ·························································· 1分 3n ∴=± ······································································································ 2分 Q 顶点在第一象限,02bn a∴-=>且22244044ac b n n a --==>-(不写不扣分) 3n ∴= ········································································································ 3分 ∴抛物线26y x x =-+ ···················································································· 4分顶点坐标为(39), ···························································································· 5分 (2)①B 点的坐标为(48), ·············································································· 6分 ②如图所示,作AH x ⊥轴于H .设M 点的坐标为()x y ,OMQ OAH ∴△∽△ OQ MQOH AH∴= ······················· 7分28x y∴= 4y x ∴= ·············································· 8分 由抛物线的对称性可知:62QP MN x ==- ············· 9分y B O MMA x ABC DE 60o y A MO Q H (39),B NP C x。
数学试题 第1页(共8页) 数学试题 第2页(共8页)绝密★启用前鄂尔多斯市初中毕业生升学考试数 学考生须知:1.作答前,请将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上相应位置,并核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号等有关信息。
2.答题内容一律填涂或书写在答题纸上规定的位置,在试题卷上作答无效。
3.本试题共8页,三大题,26小题,满分120分,考试时间共计120分钟。
一、单项选择(本大题共10题,每题3分,共30分.) 1.下列各组数中,互为相反数的是 A .3和3- B .3-和31 C .3-和31-D .31和3 2.如图,正方形OABC 的边长为1,OA 在数轴上, 以原点O 为圆心,对角线OB 的长为半径画弧,交正半轴于一点,则这个点表示的实数是 A .1B .2C .1.5D .23.同学们,你们看过美国著名3D 卡通电影《里约大冒险》吗?该片在2011年3月、4月和5月蝉联全球票房冠军,累计票房达2.86亿美元. 数据“2.86亿”用科学记数法表示为 A .71086.2⨯B .81086.2⨯C .91086.2⨯D .7106.28⨯4.若a 是方程0322=--x x 的一个解,则a a 362-的值为A .3B .3-C .9D .9-5.一个几何体的三视图如图所示,那么这个几何体是ABCD6.我市某中学九年级(1)班为开展“阳光体育运动”,决定自筹资金为班级购买体育器材,全班50名同学捐款情况如下表: 捐款(元) 5 10 15 20 25 30 人数361111136问该班同学捐款金额的众数和中位数分别是 A .13,11 B .25,30 C .20,25D .25,207.下列说法中,正确的有①若0>b a +,则0>a ,0>b .②一元二次方程02432=++x x 没有实数根. ③矩形是轴对称图形且有四条对称轴. ④若直线a ∥b ,b ∥c ,则直线a ∥c .A .1个B .2个第5题图第2题图C.3个D.4个数学试题第1页(共8页)数学试题第2页(共8页)数学试题 第3页(共8页) 数学试题 第4页(共8页)8.如图,⊙O 的两条弦AB 、CD 互相垂直,垂足为E ,且 AB=CD ,已知CE=2,ED=8,则⊙O 的半径是 A .3 B .4C .5D .349.有一串彩色的珠子,按白黄蓝的顺序重复排列,其中有一部分放在盒子里,如图所 示,则这串珠子被放在盒子里的颗数可能是 A .2010 B .2011 C .2012D .201310.如图,△ABC 和△DEF 是全等的等腰直角三角形,∠ABC =∠DEF =90°,AB=4cm ,BC 与EF 在直线ɭ 上,开始时C 点与E 点重合,让△ABC 沿直线ɭ 向右平移,直到B 点与F 点重合为止. 设△ABC 与△DEF 的重叠部分(即图中影阴部分)的面积为y cm 2,CE 的长度为x cm ,则y 与x 之间的函数图象大致是二、填空(本大题共8题,每题3分,共24分.)11.如图,直线a ∥b ,点B 在直线b 上,且AB ⊥BC ,∠1=35°24′,则∠2的度数为 . 12.计算:2)21(8114--+⨯--= .13.如果a ,b ,c 是整数,且b a c=,那么我们规定一种记号(a ,b )=c ,例如932=,那么记作(3,9)2=,根据以上规定,求(2-,1)= . 14.若关于x 的分式方程1131=-+-xx m 无解,则m 的值是 . 15.如图,在梯形ABCD 中,∠C =90°,AD=CD=4,BC=8,以A 为圆心,在梯形内画出一个最大的扇形(即图中影阴部分)的面积是 .(结果保留π)16.如图,点A 在双曲线xy 4=上,且OA=4,过点A 作 AC ⊥y 轴,垂足为C ,OA 的垂直平分线交OC 于点B ,则△ABC 的周长为 .17.如图,将两张长为4,宽为1的矩形纸条交叉并旋转,使重叠部分成为一个菱形. 旋转过程中,当两张纸条垂直时, 菱形周长的最小值是4,那么菱形周长的最大值是 . 18.某超市在“五一”活动期间,推出如下购物优惠方案:①一次性购物在100元(不含100元)以内,不享受优惠;②一次性购物在100元(含100元)以上,350元(不含350元)以内,一律享受九折优惠;③一次性购物在350元(含350元)以上,一律享受八折优惠.小敏在该超市两次购物分别付款60元和288元.如果小敏把这两次购物改为一次性购物,则应付款 元.第17题图第16题图第15题图第11题图第9题图第10题图第8题图ABCD3数学试题 第5页(共8页) 数学试题 第6页(共8页)三、解答(本大题共8题,共66分. 解答时请写出必要的文字说明,演算步骤或推证过程.)19.(本题满分8分)(1)先化简,再求代数式(113-+a )÷1442++-a a a 的值,其中32-=a . (2)解不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+<+≤+--)2(2131215312x x x x ,并将解集表示在数轴上.20.(本题满分6分)某校为培养学生勤俭节约的好习惯,决定在全校范围内开展一次“一周花费统计”的活动. 小颖是九年级(3)班的一名寄宿生,她根据自己上周的各项花费情况,绘制了如下尚不完整的统计图,请根据图中相关信息,解答下列问题. (1)小颖上周共花费多少元?(2)在扇形统计图中,请算出“路费”所对圆心角的度数? (3)请将条形统计图补充完整.21.(本题满分7分)如图,有四张卡片(形状、大小和质地都相同),正面分别写有字母A 、B 、C 、D 和一个算式.将这四张卡片背面向上并洗匀,从中随机抽取一张,记录字母后放回,重新洗匀再从中随机抽取一张,记录字母.(1)用树状图或列表法表示两次抽取卡片可能出现的所有结果(用字母A 、B 、C 、D 表示).(2)求抽取的两张卡片上的算式都正确的概率.22.(本题满分8分)如图,海中有一小岛P ,在距小岛324海里范围内有暗礁,一轮船自西向东航行,它在A 处测得小岛P 位于北偏东45°,且A ,P 之间的距离为48海里,若轮船继续向正东方向航行,有无触礁的危险?请通过计算加以说明.如果有危险,轮船自A 处开始至少沿东偏南多少度方向航行,才能安全通过这一海域?A34=-a aB532·a a a =C632)(a a = D224)2(a a =-第22题图第21题图第20题图① ②23.(本题满分8分)如图,在直角梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,∠ABC=90°,DE⊥AC于点F,交BC于点G,交AB的延长线于点E,且AE=AC,连接AG.(1)求证:FC= BE;(2)若AD=DC=2,求AG的长.24.(本题满分8分)如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠ABC=90°,以AB为直径的⊙O交AC于点D,E是BC 的中点,连接DE.(1)求证:DE是⊙O的切线;(2)连接OE,若AB=4,AD=3,求OE的长.25.(本题满分9分)某商场试销一种成本为每件60元的T恤,规定试销期间销售单价不低于成本单价,且获利不得高于40%.经试销发现,销售量y(件)与销售单价x(元)之间的函数图象如图所示:(1)求y与x之间的函数关系式,并写出自变量x的取值范围.(2)若商场销售这种T恤获得利润为W(元),求出利润W(元)与销售单价x(元)之间的函数关系式;并求出当销售单价定为多少元时,商场可获得最大利润,最大利润是多少元?26.(本题满分12分)如图所示,在平面直角坐标系中,矩形OABC的边OA、OC分别在x轴、y轴的正半轴上,且OA=3,OC=1.矩形OABC绕点B按顺时针方向旋转60°后得到矩形DFBE. 点A的对应点为点F,点O的对应点为点D,点C的对应点为点E,且点D恰好在y轴上,二次函数22++=bxaxy的图象过E、B两点.(1)请直接..写出点B和点D的坐标;(2)求二次函数的解析式;(3)在x轴上方是否存在点P,点Q,使以点O、A、P、Q为顶点的平行四边形的面积是矩形OABC面积的2倍,且点P在抛物线上.若存在,求出点P,点Q的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.第23题图第24题图第25题图第26题图数学试题第7页(共8页)数学试题第8页(共8页)。
选择题1.(2010江苏苏州)函数11y x =-的自变量x 的取值范围是 A .x ≠0 B .x ≠1 C .x ≥1 D .x ≤1 【答案】B2.(2010甘肃兰州)函数y =x -2+31-x 中自变量x 的取值范围是A .x ≤2B .x =3C .x <2且x ≠3D .x ≤2且x ≠3【答案】A 3.(2010江苏南京)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,菱形OABC 的顶点坐标是(3,4)则顶点A 、B 的坐标分别是 A. (4,0)(7,4) B. (4,0)(8,4) C. (5,0)(7,4) D. (5,0)(8,4)【答案】D 4.(2010江苏南京)如图,夜晚,小亮从点A 经过路灯C 的正下方沿直线走到点B ,他的影长y 随他与点A 之间的距离x 的变化而变化,那么表示y 与x 之间的函数关系的图像大致为【答案】A 5.(2010江苏泰州)已知点A 、B 的坐标分别为(2,0),(2,4),以A 、B 、P 为顶点的三角形与△ABO 全等,写出一个符合条件的点P 的坐标: .【答案】(4,0);(4,4);(0,4);(0,0)(只要写出一个即可)6.(2010江苏南通)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知点P (2,2),点Q 在y 轴上,△PQO 是等腰三角形,则满足条件的点Q 共有A .5个B .4个C .3个D .2个 【答案】B 7.(2010广东珠海)在平面直角坐标系中,将点P (-2,3)沿x 轴方向向右平移3个单位得到点Q ,则点Q 的坐标是( )A.(-2,6)B.(-2,0)C.(-5,3)D.(1,3) 【答案】D 8.(2010 山东省德州)某游泳池的横截面如图所示,用一水管向池内持续注水,若单位时间内注入的水量保持不变,则在注水过程中,下列图象能反映深水区水深h 与注水时间t 关系的是(A) (B) (C) (D)【答案】A9.(2010山东威海)如图,点A ,B ,C 的坐标分别为(2,4),(5,2),(3,-1).若以点A ,B ,C ,D 为顶点的四边形既是轴对称图形,又是中心对称图形,则点D 的坐标为 .【答案】﹙0,1﹚;10.(2010 河北)一艘轮船在同一航线上往返于甲、乙两地.已知轮船在静水中的速度为15 km /h ,水流速度为5 km /h .轮船先从甲地顺水航行到乙地,在乙地停留一段时间后,又从乙地逆水航行返回到甲地.设轮船从甲地出发后所用时间为t (h ),航行的路程为s (km ),则s 与t 的函数图象大致是【答案】C 11.(2010辽宁丹东市)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,以O (0,0),A (1,1), B (3,0)为顶点,构造平行四边形,下列各点中 不能..作为平行四边形顶点坐标的是( ) tsOAtsOBtsOCtsODt hOt hO t hO ht O 第5题图深 水 区浅水区A .(-3,1) B .(4,1) C .(-2,1) D .(2,-1) 【答案】A12.(2010山东济宁)如图,是张老师出门散步时离家的距离y 与时间x 之间的函数关系的图象,若用黑点表示张老师家的位置,则张老师散步行走的路线可能是【答案】D13.(2010山东威海)在平面直角坐标系中,正方形ABCD 的位置如图所示,点A 的坐标为(1,0),点D 的坐标为(0,2).延长CB 交x 轴于点A 1,作正方形A 1B 1C 1C ;延长C 1B 1交x 轴于点A 2,作正方形A 2B 2C 2C 1…按这样的规律进行下去,第2010个正方形的面积为A .2009235⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛B .2010495⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛C .2008495⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛D .4018235⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛【答案】D 14.(2010山东青岛)如图,△ABC 的顶点坐标分别为A (4,6)、B (5,2)、C (2,1),如果将△ABC 绕点C 按逆时针方向旋转90°,得到△''A B C ,那么点A 的对应点'A 的坐标是( ). A .(-3,3) B .(3,-3) C .(-2,4) D .(1,4)O ABCDA 1B 1C 1A 2C 2B 2 xyyxO .AB.第7题图∙∙∙∙ABCDyxO(第7题)【答案】A 15.(2010山东日照)在平面直角坐标系内,把点P (-2,1)向右平移一个单位,则得到的对应点P ′的坐标是(A ) (-2,2) (B )(-1,1) (C )(-3,1) (D )(-2,0) 【答案】B16.(2010 山东莱芜)在一次自行车越野赛中,甲乙两名选手行驶的路程y (千米) 随时间x (分)变化的图象(全程)如图,根据图象判定下 列结论不正确...的是A .甲先到达终点B .前30分钟,甲在乙的前面C .第48分钟时,两人第一次相遇D .这次比赛的全程是28千米【答案】D17.(2010四川凉山)在函数121x y x +=-中,自变量x 的取值范围是 A .1x -≥ B .1x >-且12x ≠C .错误!未找到引用源。
反比例函数分类精选一、选择题1.(2010安徽芜湖)二次函数y =ax 2+bx +c 的图象如图所示,反比例函数y = a x与正比例函数y =(b +c )x 在同一坐标系中的大致图象可能是()A .B .C .D .【答案】B2.(2010甘肃兰州) 已知点(-1,1y ),(2,2y ),(3,3y )在反比例函数x k y 12--=的图像上. 下列结论中正确的是A .321y y y >>B .231y y y >>C .213y y y >>D . 132y y y >>【答案】B3.(2010山东青岛)函数y ax a =-与ay x=(a ≠0)在同一直角坐标系中的图象可能是( )【答案】D4.(2010山东日照)已知反比例函数y =x2,则下列点中在这个反比例函数图象的上的是 (A )(-2,1) (B )(1,-2) (C )(-2,-2) (D )(1,2) 【答案】D5.(2010四川凉山)已知函数25(1)m y m x -=+是反比例函数,且图像在第二、四象限内,则m 的值是A .2B .2-C .2±D .12- 【答案】B6.(2010浙江宁波)已知反比例函数1y x=,下列结论不正确...的是 (A)图象经过点(1,1) (B)图象在第一、三象限(C)当1x >时,01y << (D)当0x <时,y 随着x 的增大而增大 【答案】D7.(2010 浙江台州市)反比例函数xy 6=图象上有三个点)(11y x ,,)(22y x ,,)(33y x ,,其中3210x x x <<<,则1y ,2y ,3y 的大小关系是(▲)A .321y y y <<B .312y y y <<C .213y y y <<D .123y y y << 【答案】B 8.(2010四川眉山)如图,已知双曲线(0)ky k x=<经过直角三角形OAB 斜边OA 的中点D ,且与直角边AB 相交于点C .若点A 的坐标为(6-,4),则△AOC 的面积为A .12B .9C .6D .4【答案】B9.(2010浙江绍兴)已知(x 1, y 1),(x 2, y 2),(x 3, y 3)是反比例函数xy 4-=的图象上的三个点,且x 1<x 2<0,x 3>0,则y 1,y 2,y 3的大小关系是( )A. y 3<y 1<y 2B. y 2<y 1<y 3C. y 1<y 2<y 3D. y 3<y 2<y 1 【答案】A10.(2010 嵊州市)如图,直线)0(<=k kx y 与双曲线xy 2-=交于),(),,(2211y x B y x A 两点,则122183y x y x -的值为( )A.-5B.-10C.5D.10【答案】B11.(2010山东聊城)函数y 1=x (x ≥0),y 2=4x(x>0)的图象如图所示,下列结论:①两函数图象的交点坐标为A (2,2);②当x >2时,y 2>y 1;③直线x =1分别与两函数图象相交于B 、C 两点,则线段BC 的长为3; ④当x 逐渐增大时,y 1的值随x 的增大而增大,y 2的值随x 的增大减少. 其中正确的是( )A .只有①②B .只有①③C .只有②④D .只有①③④【答案】D12.(2010 四川南充)如图,直线2y x =+与双曲线ky x=相交于点A ,点A 的纵坐标为3,k 的值为( ).(A )1 (B )2 (C )3 (D )4 【答案】C13.(2010江西)如图,反例函数4y x=图象的对称轴的条数是( ) A .0 B .1 C .2 D .3(第9题)yy 1=xy 2=4xx第11题图【答案】C14.(2010福建福州)已知反比例函数的图象y =kx过点P (1,3),则该反比例函数图象位于( )A .第一、二象限B .第一、三象限C .第二、四象限D .第三、四象限 【答案】B 15.(2010江苏无锡)如图,已知梯形ABCO 的底边AO 在x 轴上,BC ∥AO ,AB ⊥AO ,过点C 的双曲线ky x=交OB 于D ,且OD :DB=1:2,若△OBC 的面积等于3,则k 的值()A . 等于2B .等于34C .等于245D .无法确定16.(2010年上海)在平面直角坐标系中,反比例函数 y = kx ( k <0 ) 图像的量支分别在( )A.第一、三象限B.第二、四象限C.第一、二象限D.第三、四象限【答案】B17.(2010山东临沂) 已知反比例函数7y x=-图象上三个点的坐标分别是1(2,)A y -、(第6题图)2(1,)B y -、3(2,)C y ,能正确反映1y 、2y 、3y 的大小关系的是(A )123y y y >>(B )132y y y >>(C )213y y y >>(D )231y y y >> 【答案】C18.(2010 山东莱芜)已知反比例函数xy 2-=,下列结论不正确...的是 A .图象必经过点(-1,2) B .y 随x 的增大而增大 C .图象在第二、四象限内 D .若x >1,则y >-2【答案】B19.(2010福建宁德)反比例函数1y x=(x >0)的图象如图所示,随着x 值的增大,y 值( ).A .减小B .增大C .不变D .先减小后不变 【答案】A20.(2010年贵州毕节)函数1ky x-=的图象与直线y x =没有交点,那么k 的取值范围是( )A .1k >B .1k <C .1k >-D .1k <- 【答案】A. 21.(2010浙江湖州)如图,已知在直角梯形AOBC 中,AC ∥OB ,CB ⊥OB ,OB =18,BC =12,AC =9,对角线OC 、AB 交于点D ,点E 、F 、G 分别是CD 、BD 、BC 的中点,以O 为原点,直线OB 为x 轴建立平面直角坐标系,则G 、E 、D 、F 四个点中与点A 在同一反比例函数图像上的是( ) A .点G B .点E C .点D D .点F .【答案】A .22.(2010江苏常州)函数2y x=的图像经过的点是第8题图(第10题)A.(2,1)B.(2,1)-C.(2,4)D.1(,2)2-【答案】A23.(2010 山东滨州)如图,P 为反比例函数y=kx的图象上一点,PA ⊥x 轴于点A, △PAO 的面积为6.下面各点中也在这个反比例函数图象上的点是( )A.(2,3)B. (-2,6)C. (2,6)D. (-2,3)【答案】B24.(2010湖北荆门)在同一直角坐标系中,函数y=kx+1和函数y=xk(k 是常数且k ≠0)的图象只可能是A .B .C .D .【答案】B25.(2010山东潍坊)若正比例函数y =2kx 与反比例函数y =kx(k ≠0)的图象交于点A (m ,1),则k 的值是( ). AB.2或-2 C.2D【答案】B26.(2010湖南怀化)反比例函数)0(1>-=x xy 的图象如图1所示, 随着x 值的增大,y 值( )图1A .增大B .减小C.不变 D.先增大后减小 【答案】A27.(2010湖北荆州)如图,直线l是经过点(1,0)且与y 轴平行的直线.Rt △ABC 中直角边AC=4,BC=3.将BC 边在直线l上滑动,使A ,B 在函数xky =的图象上. 那么k 的值是A .3B .6 C.12 D .415【答案】D28.(2010湖北鄂州)正比例函数y=x 与反比例函数ky x=(k ≠0)的图像在第一象限交于点A,且,则k 的值为A.2B.1C.D.2【答案】B29.(2010山东泰安)函数y=2x+1与函数y=kx的图象相交于点(2,m),则下列各点不在函数y=kx 的图象上的是 ()A.(-2,-5) B.(52,4) C.(-1,10) D.(5,2)【答案】C30.(2010云南红河哈尼族彝族自治州)不在函数xy 12=图像上的点是 A .(2,6) B.(-2,-6) C.(3,4) D.(-3,4) 【答案】D31.(2010黑龙江哈尔滨)反比例函数xk y 3-=的图像,当0>x 时,y 随x 的增大而增大,则k 的数值范围是( ) (A )2<k (B )3≤k (C )3>k(D ).3≥k【答案】A32.(2010四川内江)函数y =x +1x中自变量x 的取值范围是A .x ≥-1B .x >-1C .x ≥-1且x ≠0D .x >-1且x ≠0【答案】C33.(2010四川内江)如图,反比例函数y =kx(x >0)的图象经过矩形OABC 对角线的交点M ,分别与AB 、BC 相交于点D 、E .若四边形ODBE 的面积为6,则k 的值为A .1B .2C .3D .4【答案】B34.(2010 福建三明)在反比例函数xky -=1的图象的每一条曲线上,y 都随x 的增大而增大,则k 的值可能是( ) A .—1 B .0 C .1D .2【答案】D35.(2010 山东东营)如图所示,反比例函数1y 与正比例函数2y 的图象的一个交点是(21)A ,,若210y y >>,则x 的取值范围在数轴上表示为()(A【答案】D36.(2010 湖北孝感)双曲线xyxy21==与在第一象限内的图象如图所示,作一条平行于y轴的直线分别交双曲线于A、B两点,连接OA、OB,则△AOB的面积为()A.1 B.2C.3 D.4【答案】A37.(2010 广东汕头)已知一次函数1-=kxy的图像与反比例函数xy2=的图像的一个交点坐标为(2,1),那么另一个交点的坐标是()A.(-2,1) B.(-1,-2) C.(2,-1) D.(-1,2) 【答案】B38.(2010 云南玉溪)如图2所示的计算程序中,y与x之间的函数关系对应的图象所在的象限是A. 第一象限B. 第一、三象限C. 第二、四象限D. 第一、四象限【答案】C39.(2010 湖南湘潭)在同一坐标系中,正比例函数xy=与反比例函数xy2=的图象大致是图2【答案】B40.(2010 甘肃)如图,矩形ABOC 的面积为3,反比例函数ky x=的图象过点A ,则k =( )A .3B .5.1-C .3-D .6-【答案】C41.(2010广西桂林)若反比例函数ky x=的图象经过点(-3,2),则k 的值为 ( ). A .-6 B .6 C .-5 D .5【答案】A42.(2010湖北十堰)方程x 2+2x -1=0的根可看成函数y =x +2与函数1y x=的图象交点的横坐标,用此方法可推断方程x 3+x -1=0的实根x 所在范围为( ) A . 102x -<< B .102x << C .112x << D .312x << 【答案】C43.(2010 广西玉林、防城港)直线l 与双曲线C 在第一象限相交于A 、B 两点,其图象信息如图4所示,则阴影部分(包括边界)横、纵坐标都是整数的点(俗称格点)有: ( )A .4个B .5 个C .6个D .8个【答案】B 44.(2010 山东荷泽)某种气球内充满了一定质量的气体,当温度不变时,气球内气体的气压P (kPa )是气球体积V 的反比例函数,其图象如图所示,当气球内的气压大于120 kPa 时,气球将爆炸,为了安全,气球的体积应该A .不大于45m 3 B .小于45m 3C .不小于54m 3D .小于54m 3第8题图【答案】C45.如图,平面直角坐标系中,OB 在x 轴上,∠ABO =90°,点A 的坐标为(1,2)。
一、选择题 1.(2010安徽省中中考)下面两个多位数1248624……、6248624……,都是按照如下方法得到的:将第一位数字乘以2,若积为一位数,将其写在第2位上,若积为两位数,则将其个位数字写在第2位。
对第2位数字再进行如上操作得到第3位数字……,后面的每一位数字都是由前一位数字进行如上操作得到的。
当第1位数字是3时,仍按如上操作得到一个多位数,则这个多位数前100位的所有数字之和是…………………………………………( )A )495B )497C )501D )503 【答案】A 2.(2010江苏盐城)填在下面各正方形中的四个数之间都有相同的规律,根据此规律,m 的值是A .38B .52C .66D .74 【答案】D3.(2010山东日照)古希腊人常用小石子在沙滩上摆成各种形状来研究数,例如:他们研究过图1中的1,3,6,10,…,由于这些数能够表示成三角形,将其称为三角形数;类似地,称图2中的1,4,9,16,…,这样的数为正方形数.下列数中既是三角形数又是正方形数的是(A )15 (B )25 (C )55 (D )1225【答案】D 4.(2010山东烟台)如图,一串有趣的图案按一定的规律排列,请仔细观察,按此规律第2010个图案是0 2 8 4 2 4 6 22 4 6 844 m 6【答案】B 5.(2010江苏淮安)观察下列各式:()1121230123⨯=⨯⨯-⨯⨯ ()1232341233⨯=⨯⨯-⨯⨯()1343452343⨯=⨯⨯-⨯⨯……计算:3×(1×2+2×3+3×4+…+99×100)=A .97×98×99B .98×99×100C .99×100×101D .100×101×102【答案】C 6.(2010 四川绵阳)如图,在一个三角点阵中,从上向下数有无数多行,其中各行点数依次为2,4,6,…,2n ,…,请你探究出前n 行的点数和所满足的规律.若前n 行点数和为930,则n =( ).A .29B .30C .31D .32【答案】B7.(2010 山东淄博)如图所示的运算程序中,若开始输入的x 值为48,我们发现第一次输出的结果为24,第二次输出的结果为12,…,则第2010次输出的结果为(A )6 (B )3 (C )200623 (D )10033231003⨯+x 21输出输入xx +3x 为偶数x 为奇数(第11题)【答案】B 8.(2010广东茂名)用棋子摆出下列一组“口”字,按照这种方法摆下去,则摆第n 个“口”字需用棋子A .4n 枚B .(4n -4)枚C .(4n+4)枚D . n 2枚 【答案】A9.(2010广东深圳)观察下列算式,用你所发现的规律得出20102的末位数字是( ) 21=2,22=4,23=8,24=16,25=32,26=64,27=128,28=256,… A .2 B .4 C .6 D .8 【答案】B 10.(2010广东湛江)观察下列算式:,65613,21873,7293,2433,813,273,93,1387654321========,通过观察,用你所发现的规律确定20023的个位数字是( )A.3B.9C.7D.1 【答案】B 11.当对应所得分数为132分时,则挪动的珠子数 颗。
2010年内蒙古鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数 学注意事项:1. 本试题满分120分,考试用时120分钟. 答题前将密封线内的项目填写清楚.一、选择题(本大题10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个是正确1.如果a 与1互为相反数,则a 等于( ). A .2 B .2- C .1 D .1- 2.如图,数轴上的点P表示的数可能是(). AB .-C . 3.8-D .3.下列计算正确的是( ). A .2323a a a += B .326a a a =C .329()a a =D .341(0)a a a a -÷=≠4.如图,形状相同、大小相等的两个小木块放在一起,其俯视图如图所示,则其主视图是( ).5.用折纸的方法,可以直接剪出一个正五边形.折纸过程如图所示,则α∠等于( ).A .108︒B .90︒C .72°D .60°第5题图第4题图(俯视图) A . B .C .D .第2题图6.如图,小明从家走了10分钟后到达了一个离家900米的报亭,看了10分钟的报纸,然后用了15分钟返回到家,下列图象中能表示小明离家距离y (米)与时间x (分)关系的是( ).7.如图,在ABCD中,E 是BC 的中点,且AEC DCE ∠=∠,则下列结论不正确...的是( ). A .2ADF EBF S S =△△B .12BF DF =C .四边形AECD 是等腰梯形D .AEB ADC ∠=∠8.已知二次函数2y x bx c =-++中函数y 与自变量x 之间的部分对应值如右表所示,点1122()()A x y B x y ,,,在函数的图象上,当12123o x x <<<<,时,1y 与2y 的大小关系正确的是( ). A .12y y ≥B .12y y >C .12y y <D .12y y ≤9.定义新运算:1()(0)a a b a b a a b b b⎧-⎪⊕=⎨->≠⎪⎩且≤,则函数3y x =⊕的图象大致是( ).10.某移动通讯公司提供了A 、B 两种方案的通讯费用y (元)与通话时间x (分)之间的关系,如图所示,则以下说法错误..的是( ). A .若通话时间少于120分,则A 方案比B 方案便宜20元 B .若通话时间超过200分,则B 方案比A 方案便宜C .若通讯费用为60元,则B 方案比A 方案的通话时间多D .若两种方案通讯费用相差10元,则通话时间是145分或185分 二、填空题(本大题8个小题,每小题3分,共24分) 11.在函数y =x 的取值范围是__________.第6题图D .C .B .A .D .第9题图C .B .A .第7题图第10题图12.把[]332(1)a a +--化简得_________.13.“五一”期间,某服装商店举行促销活动,全部商品八折销售,小华购买一件原价为140元的运动服,打折后他比按原价购买节省了________元. 14.为参加“初中毕业升学体育考试”,小亮同学在练习掷实心球时,测得5次投掷的成绩分别为:8,8.2,8.5,8,8.6(单位:m ),这组数据的众数、中位数依次是___________.15.如图,用小棒摆下面的图形,图形(1)需要3根小棒,图形(2)需要7根小棒……照这样的规律继续摆下去,第n 个图形需要__________根小棒(用含n 的代数式表示).16.已知关于x 的方程232x mx +=-的解是正数,则m 的取值范围为________. 17.如图,现有圆心角为90°的一个扇形纸片,该扇形的半径为50cm .小红同学为了在“圣诞”节联欢晚会上表演节目,她打算剪去部分扇形纸片后,利用剩下的纸片制作成一个底面半径为10cm 的圆锥形纸帽(接缝处不重叠),那么被剪去的扇形纸片的圆心角应该是______度.18.如图,1O ⊙和2O ⊙的半径分别为1和2,连接12O O ,交2O ⊙于点P ,125O O =,若将1O ⊙绕点P 按顺时针方向旋转360°,则1O ⊙与2O ⊙共相切_________次.三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分,解答时要写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推证过程) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:12012(π3-⎛⎫-+⨯ ⎪⎝⎭;(2)先化简:再求值:22222a b ab b a a ab a ⎛⎫-+÷+ ⎪-⎝⎭,其中11a b ==,.20.(本小题满分7分)近年来,随着经济的快速发展,我市城市环境不断改观,社会知名度越来越高,吸引了很多外地游第15题图第17题图第18题图1O2OP客.某旅行社对5月份本社接待外地游客来我市观光的首选景点作了一次抽样调查,调查结果图表如下:(1)此次共调查了多少人?并将上面的图表补充完整.(2)如果将上表制成扇形统计图,那么“恩格贝”所对的圆心角是多少度?(3)该旅行社预计6月份接待外地来我市的游客2 500人,请你估算一个首选去成陵观光的约有多少人?21.(本小题满分6分)如图,A 信封中装有两张卡片,卡片上分别写着7cm 、3cm ;B 信封中装有三张卡片,卡片上分别写着2cm 、4cm 、6cm;信封外有一张写着5cm 的卡片.所有卡片的形状、大小都完全相同.现随机从两个信封中各取出一张卡片,与信封外的卡片放在一起,用卡片上标明的数量分别作三条线段的长度.(1)求这三条线段能组成三角形的概率(画出树状图); (2)求这三条线段能组成直角三角形的概率.22.(本小题满分8分)如图,在梯形ABCD 中,90AD BC C E ∠=∥,°,为CD 的中点,EF AB ∥交BC 于点F . (1)求证:BF AD CF =+;(2)当17AD BC ==,,且BE 平分ABC ∠时,求EF 的长. 第20题图第21题图 第22题图23.(本小题满分7分)某数学兴趣小组,利用树影测量树高,如图(1),已测出树AB 的影长AC 为12米,并测出此时太阳光线与地面成30°夹角. 1.4 1.7)(1)求出树高AB ;(2)因水土流失,此时树AB 沿太阳光线方向倒下,在倾倒过程中,树影长度发生了变化,假设太阳光线与地面夹角保持不变.(用图(2)解答) ①求树与地面成45°角时的影长; ②求树的最大影长.24.(本小题满分9分)如图,AB 为O ⊙的直径,劣弧 BCBE BD CE =,∥,连接AE 并延长交BD 于D . 求证:(1)BD 是O ⊙的切线;(2)2AB ACAD =·.25.(本小题满分10分)在实施“中小学校舍安全工程”之际,某市计划对A 、B 两类学校的校舍进行改造,根据预算,改造一所A 类学校和三所B 类学校的校舍共需资金480万元,改造三所A 类学校和一所B 类学校的校舍共需资金400万元.(1)改造一所A 类学校的校舍和一所B 类学校的校舍所需资金分别是多少万元?(2)该市某县A 、B 两类学校共有8所需要改造.改造资金由国家财政和地方财政共同承担,若国家财政拨付的改造资金不超过770万元,地方财政投入的资金不少于210万元,其中地方财政投入到A 、B 两类学校的改造资金分别为每所20万元和30万元,请你通过计算求出有几种改造方案,每个方案中A 、B 两类学校各有几所.第23题图第24题图26.(本小题满分11分)如图,四边形OABC 是一张放在平面直角坐标系的矩形纸片,O 为原点,点A 在x 轴上,点C 在y 轴上,159OA OC ==,,在AB 上取一点M ,使得CBM △沿CM 翻折后,点B 落在x 轴上,记作N 点.(1)求N 点、M 点的坐标;(2)将抛物线236y x =-向右平移(010)a a <<个单位后,得到抛物线l ,l 经过N 点,求抛物线l 的解析式;(3)①抛物线l 的对称轴上存在点P ,使得P 点到M N ,两点的距离之差最大,求P 点的坐标;②若点D 是线段OC 上的一个动点(不与O 、C 重合),过点D 作DE OA ∥交CN 于E ,设CD 的长为m ,PDE △的面积为S ,求S 与m 之间的函数关系式,并说明S 是否存在最大值.若存在,请求出最大值;若不存在,请说明理由.第26题图2010年鄂尔多斯市初中毕业升学考试数学试题参考答案及评分说明(一)阅卷评分说明1.正式阅卷前先进行试评,在试评中认真阅读参考答案,明确评分标准,不得随意拔高或降低评分标准.试评的试卷必须在阅卷后期予以复查,防止前后期评分标准宽严不一致.2.评分方式为分步累计评分,解答过程的某一步骤发生笔误,只要不降低后继部分的难度,而后继部分再无新的错误,后继部分可评应得分数的50%;若是几个相对独立的得分点,其中一处错误不影响其它得分点的评分.3.最小记分单位为1分,不得将评分标准细化至1分以下(即不得记小数分).4.解答题题头一律记该题的实际得分,不得用记负分的方式记分.对解题中的错误须用红笔标出,并继续评分,直至将解题过程评阅完毕,并在最后得分点处标上该题实际得分.5.本参考答案只给出一至两种解法,凡有其它正确解法都应参照本评分说明分步确定得分点,并同样实行分步累计评分.6.合理精简解题步骤者,其简化的解题过程不影响评分. (二)参考答案及评分标准11.2x ≥ 12.5a + 13.28 14.8,8.2 15.41n -16.64m m >-≠-且17.18(18)°18.3三、解答题(本大题8个小题,共66分) 19.(本小题满分8分)(1)计算:12012(π3-⎛⎫-+⨯ ⎪⎝⎭解:原式=433--- ················································································· 3分(一处正确给1分) 10=-. ········································································································································· 4分(2)先化简:再求值:22222a b ab b a a ab a ⎛⎫-+÷+ ⎪-⎝⎭,其中11a b ==,.解:原式=2()()()()a b a b a b a a b a+-+÷- ························································ 2分(一处正确给1分) =1a b+ ············································································································································· 3分 2==························································································································ 4分20.(本小题满分7分)解:(1)8421%400÷=(人).答:共调查了400人. ······················································ 2分 40025%100⨯=(人),补充图表如下 ································································· 4分(各1分) (2)36021%75.6⨯=°°.答:“恩格贝”所对的圆心角是75.6°. ··································· 6分 (3)250029%725⨯=(人).答:首选去成陵的人数约725人. ···································· 7分 21.(本小题满分6分) 解:(1)树状图:···························································· 3分42()63P ==组成三角形. ··············································································································· 5分 (2)1()6P =组成直角三角形. ···································································································· 6分22.(本小题满分8分) (1)证法一: 如图(1),延长AD 交FE 的延长线于N ,90NDE FCE DEN FEC DE EC ∠=∠=∠=∠= °,,,NDE FCE ∴△≌△. ················································································································· 3分 DN CF ∴=. ······························································································································· 4分 AB FN AN BF ∥,∥,∴四边形ABFN 是平行四边形. ··············································· 5分 BF AD DN AD FC ∴=+=+. ······························································································· 6分(2)解:1.AB EF BEF ∴∠=∠ ∥,122BEF ∠=∠∴∠=∠ ,. EF BF ∴=.································································································································ 7分17422AD BC EF AD CF ++∴=+=+=. ············································································ 8分 (1)证法二:如图(2)过D 点作DN AB ∥交BC 于N ,图(1)AD BN AB DN AD BN ∴= ∥,∥,. ··························· 1分 EF AB DN EF ∴ ∥,∥. ················································· 2分 CEF CDN ∴△∽△. ··························································· 3分 CE CF DC CN∴=. ····························································································································· 4分 1122CE CF NF CF DC CN ===∴,,即. ···························································································· 5分 BF BN NF AD FC ∴=+=+. ································································································ 6分23.(本小题满分7分) 解:(1)tan 30AB AC =° ·········································································································· 1分127==(米).(结果也可以保留一位小数,下同) 答:树高约7米. ·························································································································· 2分(2)①如图(2),11sin 4552B N AN AB ===°≈(米) ································· 3分11tan608NC NB ==°(米) ·············································································· 4分 115813AC AN NC =+=+=(米). 答:树与地面成45°角时影长约13米. ···················································································· 5分 ②如图(2)当树与地面成60°角时影长最大2AC (或树与光线垂直时影长最大或光线与半径为AB 的A ⊙相切时影长最大) ············································································································· 6分 22214AC AB =≈(米). 答:树的最大影长约14米. ········································································································ 7分24.(本小题满分9分)证明:(1) CBBE = , 12AC AE AC AE ∴∠=∠==,,, ······································· 2分 AB CE ∴⊥.············································································· 3分 CE BD AB BD ∴⊥ ∥,. ····················································· 4分 BD ∴是O ⊙的切线. ······························································· 5分 (2)连接CB .AB 是O ⊙的直径,90ACB ∴∠=°. ·················································································· 6分90ABD ACB ABD ∠=∴∠=∠ °,. ······················································································· 7分 12ACB ABD ∠=∠∴ ,△∽△. ···························································································· 8分 2AC AB AB AD AC AB AD∴=∴=,·. ···························································································· 9分 (证法二,连接BE ,证明略)25.(本小题满分10分)解:(1)设改造一所A 类学校的校舍需资金x 万元,改造一所B 类学校的校舍需资金y 万元,则34803400x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩··············································································· 3分(正确一个方程组2分)解之得90130x y =⎧⎨=⎩. ························································································································ 4分答:改造一所A 类学校的校舍需资金90万元,改造一所B 类学校的校舍需资金130万元.5分 (2)设A 类学校应该有a 所,则B 类学校有(8)a -所,则2030(8)210(9020)(13030)(8)770a a a a +-⎧⎨-+--⎩≥≤ ································· 7分(正确一个不等式给1分)解得31a a ⎧⎨⎩≤≥.································································································································ 8分13a ∴≤≤,即123a =,,. ······································································································· 9分答:有3种改造方案:方案一:A 类学校1所,B 类学校7所; 方案二:A 类学校2所,B 类学校6所; 方案三:A 类学校3所,B 类学校5所. ··············································································· 10分 26.(本小题满分11分) 解:如图(1)159CN CB OC === ,,12(120)ON N ∴==∴,,. ········································· 1分 又15123AN OA ON =-=-= ,设AM x =,2223(9)x x ∴+=-, ····································································· 2分 4(154)x M ∴=,,. ···················································································································· 3分(2)解法一:设抛物线l 为2()36y x a =--,则2(12)36.a -= ··························································································································· 4分 16a ∴=或218a =(舍去). ······································································································ 5分 ∴抛物线2:(6)36l y x =--. ··································································································· 6分。