非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点
一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：
1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。
2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）；
3.看有没有连接词（引导词）。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。
4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用Ved形式。
5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。
Eg.
1._________ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.
A. Being scolded
B. Having been scolded
C. To be scolded
D. Scolding 【1答案：B】二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：
一)．使用非谓动词的语言结构。
1）在“句子, and/or/but +句子”的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上象非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。
2.______hard and you will succeed in the exam.
3.______hard or you will fail in the exam.
A. Study
B. To study
C. Studying
D. Studied 【2、3答案：AA】
2）在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：
4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.
A. make
B. to make
C. making
D. made 【4答案：C】
3）在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：
5. _________with children, I know what is needed most.
A. Working
B. Having worked
C. Worked
D. To work 【5答案：B】
4) 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：
6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.
A. sleep
B. slept
C. to sleep
D. sleeping 【6答案：D】
7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.
A. cut
B. to be cut
C. cutting
D. to cut 【7答案：B】
5）在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。
8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy.
9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. crying
D. cried 【8、9答案：A B】
10. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him.
A. put
B. putting
C. to put
D. being put 【10答案：B】
二). 非谓语动词考点易错点：
1）表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况：
11.__________ , he fell asleep quickly.
A. Tire
B. Tiring
C. Tired
D. To tire 【11答案：C】
12.The man won a big prize, __________and ________.
A. surprised ; happy
B. surprising ; happy
C. surprised ; pleasant
D. surprising ; pleased 【12答案：A】
13. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in.
A. Losing
B. Lost
C. To lose
D. Having lost 【13答案：B】
14. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.
A. interest
B. interesting
C. interested
D. To interest 【14答案：C】
2) 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：
15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like a angel.
A. Worn
B. wear
C. dressed in
D. dressing 【15答案：C】
(wear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时，后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配，其中的dressed已经演变成形容词，本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而来的。)
16. _______ in a armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.
A. Sit
B. Sat
C. Seating
D. Seated 【16答案：D】
（Sit是动词，这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时，其后不加凳子，要加人，而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义。）
3）在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：
17.________ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.
A. Look
B. Looking
C. Looked
D. Looking 【17答案：D】
（look在本题中不是实意动词，而是感观系动词，系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动。）
18. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time.
A. remain; unsettled
B. remaining; unsettled
C. remained ; unsettling
D. remained; unsettling 【18答案：B】
（用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语，不是句子，因此用非谓语，而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”时是系动词，只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系，所以用过去分词unsettled.）
19. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film.
A. to wash
B. to be washed
C. washed D . washing 【19答案：A】
（宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗，但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时，我们用主动形式表被动。）
20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.
A. To write
B. Writing
C. being written
D. Written 【20答案：B】
｛20解析：动词如果不是表示动作，而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时，往往用主动形式表示被动。｝
4）从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：
逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致，有时逻辑主语不一致。逻辑主语不一致时，非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语，这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。”
21. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.
A. To see
B. Seeing
C. Seen
D. Saw 【21答案：C】
｛21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语，那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语，由于the mountain与see是动宾关系，所以我们选用过去分词。｝
22. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 【22答案：C】
A. Time permits
B. If time permitting
C. Time permitting
D. Time's permitting
｛22 解析：permit与I没有主谓关系，也没有动宾关系，permit自带了逻辑主语time(―时间允许的话‖)，而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词的独立结构。｝
三）注意的几点：
1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。
23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 【23答案C】
24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in.【24答案B】
A. To face
B. Faced
C. Facing
D. face
｛23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词，由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系，我们用现在分词形式，；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配，其中的faced看成形容词。｝
25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis.
26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis.
A. aim
B. aiming
C. aimed
D. to aim 【25选B 26选C】
｛25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.(旨在做某事)，；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. (旨在做某事)其中的aimed看成形容词｝
27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university.
28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.
29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.
A. lack
B. lacking
C. lacked
D. to lack 【27选B、28选B、29选A】
｛27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking（与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系）；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in(―缺少‖)，其中的lacking 为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配（介宾结构）in lack of(―缺少‖)，其中的lack是名词，这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的｝
2）作结果状语时，doing与(only)to do的区别。
表示结果状语时，现在分词（v+ing）表示意料之中的结果；而不定式（to do/ only to do）表示意料之外的结果：
30. His parents were killed in the accident,(thus )_______ him an orphan.
A. leave
B. leaving
C. left
D. to leave 【30选B】
｛30解析：他父母出了事故，他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了，用现在分词表结果状语。｝
31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. 【31选D】
A. find
B. finding
C. found
D. to find
｛31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果，说明我忘记了，如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了。用不定式表意料之外的的结果。｝
3）作主语时，非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别。
32. _________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 【32选B】
A. The walk
B. Walking
C. To walk
D. Walk
｛不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作，多次散步才会有利于健康。｝
4）演变成了介词或连词的分词。
英语中有些词表面上看是分词，但实际上已经变成了介词，因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。这时往往不适用非谓动词规则，而是看英美人士的习惯。33. ___________her age，she looks quite young．
A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering
｛33解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论，她显得十分年轻。”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”，它已经变成了介词，不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering。｝
高中阶段我们还学过的有：
介词
concerning regarding according to including owing to
关于关于根据；按照包括因为；由于
连词
given supposing seeing (that) imaging providing/provided 鉴于假如因为；既然假如假如
5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的，有些则不是。
34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 【34选B】
A. Be scolded
B. Scolded
C. Scolding
D. To scold
｛34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系，因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的。原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致，且谓语动词里有be 动词时，可以把―连词+主语+be‖部分省略。｝
35. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 【35选B】
A. Studying
B. Having studied
C. Having been studied
D. To study
｛35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来，由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系，加上study在先（有5年了），被叫做“专家”在后，所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式｝
6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。
36. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.(give的恰当形式填空)。
37. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.(do的恰当形式填空) ｛6、37解析：36.given 是由if I had been given another hour省略来的，if 在省略前省略后都是连词；37.doing 是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的，while在省略前后都是连词｝
38. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.(graduate的恰当形式填空)
39. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.(select的恰当形式填空)
｛38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词，所以后面总是用动名词，如果改为after he graduated，那么这个after就变成了连词。39题中的before用法与after 一样，后面加句子时，是连词，后面只加一个动词时，要用动名词形式，并充当介词。所以39填selecting｝
非谓语动词专练：
1. While watching television, ____________.
A. the doorbell rang
B. we heard the doorbell ring
C. there was someone knocking at the door
D. we heard the doorbell rung 2．China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.
A．to change B．having changed C．changing D．to have changed 3．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems．A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settled
C．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss
4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike ____us his car just for a day.
A. lending
B. lend
C. to lend
D. lent
5．The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fire．A．to blame for starting B．to blame to start
C．to be blamed for starting D．to be blamed to start
6．The railway bridge ____ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goods．A．to be completed B．is completed
C．completed D．being completed
7．All the class except Eddie, who is ill,____there．
A．were expecting going B．is expected to go
C．was expecting going D．are expected to go
8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _______ more than 100,0130 people
and makes millions homeless, ______ it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history.
A. to kill; making
B. to have killed; making
C. having killed; to make
D. killing; made 9．I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _________ it．A．shall we have B．will we have C．to have D．having
10. —What are you busy with?
—The conference______in our city next week, as you know.
A. held
B. will be held
C. be holding
D. to be held
11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 people
aboard，the airline’s worst disaster in its 75-year history．
A．to have crashed B．to have been crashed
C. having crashed D．having been crashed
12. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary ______ next year.
A. to publish
B. being published
C. published
D. to be published
13．The 2010 World Expo _____ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.
A. to hold
B. to be held
C. held
D. to be holding
14. When the telephone rang, I happened______in the kitchen, but when I came over to get it, it rang off.
A. to cook
B. to have cooked
C. to be cooking
D. having cooked
15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w ith the host family.
— _____real local life.
A. Experiencing
B. Experience
C. To experience
D. Having experienced
16. –Why do you want the radio so much?
-- to the news, sir.
A. Listening
B. Listens
C. Listened
D. To listen
17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners.
A. to save
B. saving
C. save
D. saved
18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu.
A. Make sure
B. To make sure
C. Making sure
D. Made sure
19．Our teachers often tell us, ―the harder you study, the more questions you will think of ．‖
A．asking B．to ask C．being asked D．to be asked
20. To greatly raise people’s living conditions, _______.
A. all kinds of measures have taken
B. they have taken all kinds of measures
C. it is said that they have taken all kinds of measures
D. I think they have taken all kinds of measures
21. ______ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days to
seven days a week.
A. To accommodate
B. Accommodating
C. Being accommodated
D. Accommodated
22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms
______ similar accidents happening.
A. prevent
B. preventing
C. to prevent
D. prevented
23. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline
+86-21-962010.
A. To find out
B. Finding out
C. Find out
D. Having found out
24. He hurried to the hotel, only _________ his girlfriend had left.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
25. _______60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state.
A. Cover
B. Covered
C. To cover
D. Having covered
26．Our monitor，it clear to us that h e didn’t want to waste time playing computer games—left the Internet bar quickly.
A．made B．having made C．making D．had made
27. _______ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven
B. Being driven
C. To drive
D. Having driven 28．_____ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory．
A．Reading B．Having read C．To read D．Read
29. –Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
–Sorry, with so much work __________ my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled
B. filling
C. to fill
D. being filled
30. The manager, ______his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers
further training.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. being known
31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, ________ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010.
A. to honor
B. honoring
C. honored
D. having honored 32．The Hotel Al Arab ______ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.
A．was considered B．considering C．being considered D．considered
33．In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article ________ ―The merchant of death is dead‖, which indicat ed that Nobel was only thought of as one _______ from killing.
A. read; profiting
B. read; to profit
C. reading; profited
D. reading; profiting
34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe.
A. take choices; base on
B. make choices; based on
C. do choices; basing on
D. have choices; to base on
35. China has a population of 1.3 billion, ____ it the largest country in the world by population.
A. making
B. made
C. makes
D. to make
36．Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting.
A．Having defeated B．To have defeated
C．Having been defeated D．To have been defeated
37．after a long walk，Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．A．Having worn out B．Wearing out
C．Worn out D．To be worn out
38．According to the report, people in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired.
A．flooded; lead B．flooding; leading
C．flooding; to lead D．flooded; leading
39.－What are on show in the museum?
－Some pictures ____ by middle-school students.
A. taking
B. having been taken C . taken D. being taken
40.They plan to go abroad for a holiday with all the task _______ahead of time.
A. to finish
B. finished
C. finishing
D. having finished
41.______, in some areas the electricity was cut off, ______ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Year’s Eve in darkness.
A. Making matters worse, making
B. What was worse, to make
C. Worse still, making
D. To make matters worse, to make
42.From the school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.
A. to mark
B. marking
C. marked
D. having been marked
43. In summer, food will go bad if________in room temperature.
A．leaving B．left C．being left D．having left 44．Once this city, you’ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discover．A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit
45．Subway Line 4，into use in September 2009，has made traveling in Beijing easier．A．having been put B．putting C．being put D．put
46. --- Is there any possibility of the film ____ in Paris International Festival?
--- Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.
A. trying out
B. tried out
C. to try out
D. being tried out
47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year.
A. attending
B. to attending
C. attended
D. being attended
48. When I came in, I found Lucy_____ ____ by the window ______to music.
A. seated；listening
B. seated; listened
C. seating ；listened
D. seating ；listening
49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it ________three times.
A. explaining
B. to explain
C. explained
D. explain
50．Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.
A．put away B．carried out C．turned down D．left out
非谓语专练习题解析
1B考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略。根据watching television可知，主句的主语为―我们‖，并且hear后接不带to的不定式作宾补。故选B。
2D考查不定式的完成时。根据over the past few years可知动作已经完成。故用不定式的完成时。
3B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我恐怕不得不加班了，因仍有一些问题有待处理。根据句意问题被解决可知选B。
4C考查动词搭配及非谓语动词。此处考查短语get sb to do sth使某人做某事。
5A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处to blame用不定式的主动形式表被动；介词for后用动名词。6A考查非谓语动词的用法。不定式作定语表示将来的动作。
7D考查非谓语动词及主谓一致的用法。句意：除了Eddie班里的所有学生都期望去那里。
8B。be believed to have done sth．据信已经做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history．为现在分词短语作结果状语。
9．C ―wh疑问词+ 不定式‖结构作宾语、表语或者同位语，表示（将来）要做的事情，等于从句：When we shall / will have it。
10D考查非谓语动词的用法。根据next week可知选to be held，不定式作定语表示将来的动作。
11. A. 此题考查非谓语动词的用法. 据报道,一架装有228名乘客的法国飞机坠落在大西洋,是航空75年的历史上最大的灾难.
12D考查不定式作定语。此处to be published作定语，修饰a new dictionary，意为：她和她的丈夫正在编写的明年要出版一本新的词典。
13B考查不定式作定语。此处The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即将在上海举行的世博会。
14C考查不定式的进行时。句意：当电话响的时候，我碰巧正在厨房做饭。根据句意选C。
15C考查不定式作目的状语。原句可改为：the visitors chose to stay with the host famil y to experience real local life.句意：参观者选择和主人住在一起为了体验真正的当地生活。
16D在情景对话中考查不定式作目的状语。原句为：I want the radio so much to listen to the news。此处to listen作目的状语。
17A考查不定式作状语。此句can后省略了do，原句结构为：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners.
18B考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为确保人们有食物和饮用水，政府已经向玉树震灾区运输足够的供应物资。
19B 考查非谓语动词。此题容易错选asking。因为think of 已经有自己的宾语the more questions,所以选to ask 目的状语，意为―想出更多的问题来问‖。
20 B分析语境可知，为了提高人民生活水平的逻辑主语应为―他们‖，因此应用they做主句主语。不定式做目的状语时，其逻辑主语应为主句主语。
21A考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为满足不断增长的病人的要求，诊所不得不把他们的服务由一周五天增加到七天。
22C考查不定式作目的状语。句意：泰德和他的朋友们建立一个提供有关雷雨信息的网站以避免类似事故的发生。根据句意选C。
23A 考查不定式作状语。此处不定式to find out表目的。
24B考查不定式作结果状语。句意：他急匆匆地到达旅馆却意外发现他的女朋友已经离开了。此处不定式作状语表意外的结果。
25C 考查不定式作状语。句意：为了每天行60英里，你的山地车需要好的车况。
26B考查非谓语动词的用法。本句可改为：Having made it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games，our monitor left the Internet bar quickly。先声明然后再离开，故用现在分词的完成时。
27.A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处过去分词短语driven by greater demand of vegetables作原因状语。
28B考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意：read动作应发生在understand前，故用现在分词的完成时；I 和read之间是主动关系，故用现在分词状语。
29B考查非谓语动词及with的复合结构。此处with+名词+现在分词的结构状语。30A考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：因为懂得他的工厂生产的产品质量差，经理决定让他的员工进修。此句可改为：Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality, the manager decided to give his workers further training。此处Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality作原因状语。
31B考查非谓语动词的用法。此处The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards与honor之间是主动关系故用现在分词，其可以改写为非限制性定语从句：which honored the best in film for 2009。
32D 考查非谓语动词的用法。此处过去分词短语considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world作定语，修饰the Hotel Al Arab。
33D考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空reading作伴随状语；第二空one与profit之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。
34B考查短语及分词作定语。此处make choices做出选择，eating habits与based on是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
35A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处现在分词作结果表示自然的结果。句意：中国有13亿人口，致使它成为世界上人口最多的国家。
36C考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：一连三次被打败，那个拳击手决定放弃拳击。根据句意拳击手被打败可知选C。
37C考查非谓语动词的用法。此句相当于Because he was worn out after a long walk, Henry called and said he coul dn’t come for our party．38D考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空指被洪水袭击的地方，用过去分词表被动；第二空road 与lead之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。
39C 考查非谓语动词的用法。答语是省略句，taken by middle-school students 为过去分词短语作定语，表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作。
40B 此题考查with的复合结构。With+名词+过去分词作状语，―所有的任务被完成‖，故用过去分词。
41C考查独立成分及非谓语动词的用法。句意：更糟糕的是，一些地区断了电，致使八个县的居民在黑暗中过除夕。第一空插入语Worse still；第二空现在分词作结果状语。
42C考查过去分词的用法。句意：根据被刻在包裹上的学校名字，我们推测它可能是我们学校的一名学生的。the school name被刻在包裹上，所以用过去分词。
43.B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：在夏天，食物处于室温下会变坏。根据句意食物被放在室温下，故用过去分词。
44A考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：一旦你拜访这个城市，你会发现有那么多的惊奇在等着你去发现。You与visit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。
45D考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：2009年9月被付诸使用的第四条地铁使在北京的旅游更容易。Subway Line 4被使用，所以用过去分词。其相当于非限制性一个定语从句which was put into use in September 2009。
46D考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：那部电影有可能在巴黎国际电影节上被试播吗？此处the film与try out之间为被动关系。
47A考查with的复合结构。此处with+宾语+现在分词作原因状语。因three children与attend 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。
48A考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空过去分词seated作宾补，第二空listening to music作伴随状语。
49C考查非谓语动词的用法。此处考查have sth done的结构，此处过去分词explained作宾补。
50C考查过去分词作宾补。句意：Stella发现她的新计划被拒绝感到失望。此处考查find sth done结构。
高考英语易错知识点归纳【5篇】 英语是我们学习的主要科目之一，英语作为国际性语言，学好英语自然有很多好处。学习英语要从最基础的知识开始学，而且需要端正学习态度，因为学习外语需要坚持。 高考英语知识点1 1) quite 相当;quiet 安静地 2) affect v. 影响, 假装;effect n. 结果, 影响 3) adapt 适应;adopt 采用;adept 内行 4) angel 天使;angle 角度 5) dairy 牛奶厂;diary 日记 6) contend 奋斗, 斗争;content 内容, 满足的;context 上下文;contest 竞争, 比赛 7) principal 校长, 主要的;principle 原则 8) implicit 含蓄的;explicit 明白的 9) dessert 甜食;desert 沙漠v 放弃;dissert 写论文
10) pat 轻拍;tap 轻打;slap 掌击;rap 敲，打 11) decent 正经的;descent n 向下, 血统;descend v 向下 12) sweet 甜的;sweat 汗水 13) later 后来;latter 后者;latest 最近的;lately adv 最近 14) costume 服装;custom 习惯 15) extensive 广泛的;intensive 深刻的 16) aural 耳的;oral 口头的 17) abroad 国外;aboard 上(船，飞机) 高考英语知识点2 1. Since从句为非延续性动词的过去时或现在完成时，时间的起点应该从从句动作完成时刻算起。 例如： Things have changed a lot since I wrote to you last time. 自我上次给你写信之后，情况已发生了很大的变化。 She has lived with us since she has come here. 自从她来到这里，就一直和我们住在一起。
高考英语单选易错题汇编及答案全部详解 1. Stop making so much noise ____ the neighbor will start complaining. A. or else B. but still C. and then D. so that 2. We hope to go to the beach tomorrow, but we won't go ____ it's raining. A. if B. when C. though D. because 3. ——The weather is too cold ____ March this year. ——It was still ____ when I came here years ago. A. for; colder B. in; cold C. in; hot D. for; hotter 4. ——How much vinegar did you put in the soup? ——I'm sorry to say, ____. I forget. A. no B. no one C. nothing D. none 5. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, ____, refusing them when they turn to him. A. if never B. if ever C. if not D. if any 6. ——What should I wear to attend his wedding party? ——Dress ____ you like. A. what B. however C. whatever D. how 7. ——The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? ——____ my students have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May 8. I'd like to live somewhere ____ the sun shines all year long. A. which B. that C. where D. in which 9. I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn't get away. A. was planning B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 10. ——Your book, Tommy? ——No, Mom, it's my friend's. ——Remember to return it to ____ name is on it. A. what B. which C. whose D. whosever 11. Thank you for sending us ____ fresh vegetables of many kinds. You have done us ____ a
一、定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who （宾格whom，所有格whose）和关系副词where when why 等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that，which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose 在从句中作定语，而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。 如：①I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together. ②I will never forget the days which/that we spent together. 解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days；而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that 或which来代指。 同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where 或why来代指；如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。 如：①This is the factory where/in which I worked.（作状语） ②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.（作宾语） 注：当先行词为time,reason, place时，引导词可以省略。如： ① This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss. ② That is the reason (why) I did it. ③ This is the place (where) we met yesterday. 另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。如： ① Mr. Jackson is the only foreigner that is present at the party.0 ② He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher. 解析：在句①中，先行词foreigner被only修饰，强调只有一个，所以从句中谓语动词用单数形式，而在句②中，who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the students，为复数，所以从句谓语动词应为复数。 感悟：学生之所以在这一点上经常出错，主要是对定语从句的理解不够深刻，分辨不出主句和从句，对句子成分的把握也不到位，搞不清关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当何种句子成分。所以要做好这一类题，要首先弄清关系代词和关系副词的用法，而且应善于分辨和分析句子结构及其相应成分，这样才能对症下药，快速准确地找到瓿之所在。 二名词性从句中的易错点 （一）that引导的定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，“……的名词”，而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表示事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact,news,belief,truth,reply等。That在定语从句中必须作成分，可用which或who/whom代替，而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。如： ①Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this comi ng Christmas. ②Do you still remember the chicken farm that we visited three months ago. 解析：在句①中，that引导同位语从句解释说明promise的内容，that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，而在句②中，that在其引导的定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，对先行词the chicken farm起修饰作用。 感悟：学生之所以在这一点上容易出错，主要还是因为对定语从句的理解不
（英语）高考英语易错题专题三一般过去时(含解析) 一、单项选择一般过去时 1．When I___ to the cinema, the film___ for 5 minutes. A．got, had begun B．get, will begin C．got, had been on D．got, has been on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了五分钟。for five minutes为一段时间要求谓语动词要用延续性动词，故A和B先排除，而从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句用一般过去时态，主句用过去完成时态。故选C。 2．Typhoon Hato brought powerful winds and flooding to the region of southeast China and several deaths on the storm in August, 2017. A．were blamed B．would be blamed C．had been blamed D．have been blamed 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：2017年8月台风“天鸽‘给中国东南部地区带来强风和洪水，暴风雨导致几人死亡。根据句中明显的过去的时间状语August, 2017，可知用一般过去时。故选A。 3．They ________ in Holland for ten years. Now they have settled down in Paris. A．lived B．have lived C．had lived D．were living 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们在荷兰生活过十年。现在他们定居在巴黎。根据后句中的现在完成时态可知，他们在荷兰生活是单纯发生的过去的事情，所以应该用一般过去时，故选A。 4．His earlier concert in Shanghai____a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer____a concert on the mainland. A．is;held B．was;held C．had been;would hold D．was;had held 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：他早些时候在上海的演唱会非常成功。这是这位台湾歌手第一次在大陆举办音乐会。第一空：根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时；第
高考英语语法 -- 重难点、易错点精编 1. 主动表被动，重难点： ---Why did you put the wood near the fire? It’s dangerous. ---Don’t worry. Wet wood won’t _______. burnt be burnt be burning burn 解释：本题考查动词的主动形式表示被动含义的用法。Burn可以用主动形式表示被动意义。类似的动词还有read, write, sell, open等。 2. Slove the first problem and the rest ___tomorrow. are going to be discussed is going to be discussed will discuss is discussing 解释：the rest（of the promblem s）译为剩余部分；其余者句子译为：解决第一个问题,其余的将明天讨论。 3. 独立主格结构，重难点，极易错题： The factory produced many famous cars, none of ____ shipped to foreign countries. them which it what 解释：本题容易误选which。容易被认为是一个非限制性定语从句。理由是none后面没有并列连词and, but。但是，ship在这里是一个及物动词，意思为“运送……到”，也就是说这里的shipped是一个过去分词，后面的部分是一个独立主格结构。如果在shipped前面加一个was，则应该选which，构成非限制性定语从句。 4. 易错题： — Tom hadn’t passed the exam a nd was afraid of being scolded. — _____. So it was with Jim So was Jim, his classmate It’s the same with Jim Neither had Jim, his classmate 解释：So it was with Jim是指上一句的内容也适合另一个人。如It’s the same with Jim中It’s 改为It was才对。 5.动词时态，易错题： ---Good evening. I ____ to see Miss Mary. ---Oh, good evening. I’m sorry, but she is not in.
历年高考英语易错题难题好题汇编及解析 Zhicheng Professional Middle School，Sichuan Province Xiong Yunhua 1、Stop making so much noise ____ the neighbor will start complaining. A、or else B、but still C、and then D、so that 选A 。or else意为“要不然，否则”。 2、We hope to go to the beach tomorrow, but we won't go ____ it's raining. A、if B、when C、though D、because 选A 考查连词。根据语境用if引导条件状语从句。 3、——The weather is too cold ____ March this year. ——It was still ____ when I came here years ago. A、for; colder B、in; cold C、in; hot D、for; hotter 选A 本题考查考生运用介词和比较级的能力。For在这里是“就……而言”的意思，而第二个选项要抓住信息词still 在此处的妙用，它是用来修饰比较级的，加上上文的cold，在此处就不难选择colder了。 4、——How much vinegar did you put in the soup ——I'm sorry to say, ____. I forget. A、no B、no one C、nothing D、none 选D 本题考查不定代词的本意区别及其与语境综合运用。此处none指的是not any vinegar，也就是说，此处可以这样理解：I'm sorry to say that I didn't put any vinegar in the soup, because I forgot it. 5、He is only too ready to help others, seldom, ____, refusing them when they turn to him. A、if never B、if ever C、if not D、if any 选B 本题考查考生在语境中灵活运用、辨析短语用法的能力，此处seldom，if ever是一个短语，是“从不，决不”的意思。 6、——What should I wear to attend his wedding party ——Dress ____ you like. A、what B、however C、whatever D、how 选B 本题however you like相当于in whatever way you like，根据语境，不难判断出B为正确答案。 7、——The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job ——____ my students have a try A、Shall B、Must C、Will D、May 选A 本题考查情态动词shall在主语是第二、三人称时，作为征求意见的用法。。 8、I'd like to live somewhere ____ the sun shines all year long. A、which B、that C、where D、in which 选C 考查连接词。Where引导地点状语从句。 9、I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn't get away.
易错题精选 1.----May I move your bag a little and take this seat? ----__________. A. I don’t mind B. go ahead C. It doesn’t matter D. Do it please 2.As we have planned, we’ll go to Beijing to attend her sister’s wedding party. We’ll visit our mother school ________ we go there. A. if B. when C. once D. even if 3.Is this hotel ________ we were to stay? A. where B. which C. in that D. in which https://www.doczj.com/doc/8a12927474.html,st term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem ________ none of us worked out. A. that B. as C. so that D. which 5.----Do you mind if I use your tape-recorder? ----__________. A. Never mind B. No, you can’t use it C. No, go ahead D. No, do it please 6.----Hi, Jane, how nice to meet you here in Manhatten. ----_________. A. So do I B. Me, too C. Thank you D. The same to you 7.----I’ve made up my mind to go abroad next year, Darling, what about you? ----Well, _________ you’re going, so will I. A. if B. since C. as long as D. when 8.The people invited to the ball may dress _________ they please. A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however 9.Next winter, _________ you will spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be another exciting holiday. A. which B. when C. in which D. where 10.She looks forward every spring to _________ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 11.The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, _______ over 600 years old. A. all of them B. all of which C. all of it D. none of which 12.After half a year’s training, they were made entirely used _______ underwater. A. to stay B. to staying C. staying D. stay 13.They looked forward with hope _____ from you. A. of hearing B. to hear C. to hearing D. hearing 14.The teacher couldn’t make himself ________ attention to because they were too noisy. A. pay B. paid C. to pay D. to be paid 15.Half his money ______ for food and clothes. A. costs B. goes C. pays D. spends 16.Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ________ English. A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn 17. Has the boy who was made use of ______ realized his mistake?
高考英语动词知识点易错题汇编及答案解析(4) 一、选择题 1．It's said that our mental abilities begin to _______ from the age 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. A．differ B．depress C．distribute D．decline 2．One of the secretary’s jobs is to ___________ letters and mails. A．help out B．dry out C．sort out D．stick out 3．If you can ________ to something, you can change in order to make the situation better. A．adapt B．addict C．adopt D．appeal 4．______himself to alcohol,the man seldom cared about his family. A．Adjusting B．Approaching C．Abandoning D．Acknowledging 5．A lot of dust has on the farm machines. A．brought up B．taken up C．built up D．picked up 6．Teenagers spend too much time on computer games.What’s worse, some of them can’t ____________ their studies. A．get on B．concentrate on C．insist on D．hold on 7．Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to _________and stress. A．put on pressure B．fed up with C．relieve tension D．try out for 8．Have you already __________________ for the driver's education class? If so, we can learn driving course together this summer vocation A．put up B．sign up C．cheer up D．bring up 9．Several swimmers have been drowned in the sea recently. So I don’t _______of your going swimming alone. A．approve B．agree C．support D．admit 10．All the students ________ laughter when John walked into the classroom like Donald Duck. A．burst into B．broke out C．burst out D．broke up 11．This dictionary, which I bought yesterday, has been highly______by my professor. A．acknowledged B．appealed C．recommended D．commanded 12．How could you ________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? A．turn off B．turn in C．turn down D．turn to 13．As for his advantages, he has 20 years’ teaching experience to _______. A．draw on B．draw back C．draw up D．draw in 14．The apartment s in the city center are always expensive. I can’t _____ one with all my money. A．take B．afford C．supply D．support 15．We had lots of good applicants for the job, but one _________ from the rest. A．made out B．stood out C．picked out D．figured out 16．I ________ you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I meant no offence. A．owe B．make C．demand D．accept 17．The ground is slippery.Hold on to the rope and don’t ________. A．put off B．turn up C．take apart D．let go
2020年高考英语易错点汇总 语法可以说是不少同学的心头痛，今天老师为你们汇总高考英语六大语法易错点，它们包括定语从句，名词性从句，代词it、one、that的用法、虚拟语气、非谓语动词和反义疑问句。 一、定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who（宾格whom），所有格whose）和关系副词where when why 等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that，which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose在从句中作定语，而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。 如： I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together. 解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days； 而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where 或why来代指；如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。如： ①This is the factory where/in which I worked.（作状语） ②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.（作宾语） 注：当先行词为time,reason, place时，引导词可以省略。如：This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss. That is the reason (why) I did it. This is the place (where) we met yesterday. 另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。如： ①Mr. Jackson is the only foreigner that is present at the party. ②He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher. 解析：在句①中，先行词foreigner被only修饰，强调只有一个，
1.（2019·新课标II卷·语法填空）I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years 【答案】have made 【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。 2.（2018·北京卷·单项填空）China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。 3. In the last few years, China __________ great achievements in environmental protection. A. has made B. had made C. was making D.is making 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时。故选A。 02
高考英语易错题汇编（思维定势） 1. They ______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _____on it as no good results have come out so far. A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working 此题的时间参照点是before I joined them,，所以第一个空应该用过去完成进行时，第二个空根据时间now用现在进行时。 2. It would be a good idea to use a plastic bottle, ___cut off, as a container to grow young plants in. A. of which the top B. the top is C. the top of which D. with its top 此题是独立主格结构，如果题干改为 ____is cut off,答案则为A或C 3. ______ is it _____ has made Peter _____ he is today? A. What; that; that B. That; that; what C. What; what; that D. What; that; what 用还原法则为 It is what that has made Peter what he is today k可知是强调句式。 4. Before he went abroad，he spent as much time as he _____ English. A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn spend time (in) doing sth 如果改为he did what he ______, 则答案为could to learn. 5. The person we talked about ____ our school last week． A．visiting B．will visit C．visited D．has visited 此题中包含一个定语从句，the person既作先行词，又作句子的主语，要填入的应该是句子的谓语，根据后面的时间状语为last week，应选过去时。句中包含的定语从句we talked about中about虽为介词，但不影响主句的谓语，故应选C。 观察下面三个句子： □The pers on we spoke to ____ no answer at first． A．making B．makes C．make D．made 此题中也包含一个定语从句we spoke to，the person既作先行词，又作句子的主语，要填入的应该是句子的谓语，根据句子的需要，应选过去时。本题中的to为陷阱，实际上它属于定语从句中，而不影响主句的谓语动词。故D正确。 □The person we referred to（提及）____ us a report tomorrow． A．giving B．will give C．gave D．give 同上题一样，句中包含定语从句we referred to，所缺成份为句子的谓语，又根据句中的tomorrow，故用将来时。选B。 □The days we have been looking forward to ____ soon． A．coming B．will come C．came D．have come 同理，此句中的定语从句包含短语look forward to，虽然to 为介词，但并不影响主句的谓语动词，只是一个陷阱而矣。又根据句中的soon，应用将来时，故选B。 6. Not far from the club there was a garden, ____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon. A. whose B. its C. which D. that 答案为B。此题关键是理解seated这个单词，它是过去分词，而不是作谓语的过去式。它不能在句中谓语。所以后面句子不是一个非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，故选代词its。 7. You should treat him (in) the way ____ suits him most. A. that B. in which C. / D. why 此题中先行词the way 后面的定语从句中充当主语。故只能选A。如果先行词the way有从句中充当
2020高考英语考前冲刺之易错知识点试题解析汇总 一、名词 把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。 1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。 2. That girl loves reading book.可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books。 3. He went into a book’s shop and bought a dictionary.一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为a book shop。 4. My family is watching TV.一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one; 如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。类似的词有：team, class, audience等。 5. I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.中学阶段以“o”结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加s变为复数。 6. This has nothing to do with their believes.(这和他们的信仰没关系。)以f, fe 结尾的词变为复数时一般去f, fe 加ves，如knife—knives, thief—thieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s 变为复数。所以应把believes改为beliefs。 二、冠词 7. The boss wants to hire an useful person.用a还是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an，为辅音用a。useful的第一个音是辅音，所以应把an改为a。类似的，我们说a European country。 8. Plane is a machine that can fly.Plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有a machine, 因此只能在其前面加a，变为A plane。 9. He played a piano at the party yesterday.把a 改为the ，因为乐器前用定冠词。 10. The machine was invented in 1920s.在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年代in the 80s。 11. Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.去掉the，因为表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。
易错点1 名词的单复数形式的误判 【典例】—What do you think the should do first? —They should learn to take as well as share rights in life. A. grown-up; responsibility B. growns-up; responsibility C. grown-ups; responsibilities D. growns-ups; responsibilities 错因分析有些考生以为grown是复合名词的中心词，其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s；另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词，没有复数形式，从而错选B。其实，grown-up没有中心名词，其复数形式应该在up后面加\|s；同时根据语境可知，responsibility指义务，该单词作"义务，职责"讲时，可作可数名词或不可数名词，故正确答案选C。 复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加\|s，如：looker-on →lookers-on, son-in-law →sons-in-law；但是当复合名词没有中心名词时，其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s，如：grown-up →grown-ups; go-between →go-betweens。 易错点2 名词的格的误用 【典例】—Look! This is . —Very beautiful. When did she take it? A. my mother’s picture B. my mother in the picture C. a picture of my mother D. a picture of my mother’s 错因分析考生可能受汉语思维的影响，错选A或B；也可能受英语双重所有格的影响，错选D。根据语境可知，正确答案选C。 my mother’s picture，意为"我妈妈所拥有的照片"，暗含"照片上不一定是我妈妈"；a picture of my mother’s意为"我妈妈所拥有的照片中的一张"，同样，暗含"照片上不一定是我妈妈"； a picture of my mother意为"我妈妈的照片（照片中是妈妈）"；my mother in the picture意为"照片中我的妈妈"，暗含"不是真实的妈妈"。 易错点3 名词作定语的误用 【典例】—Where does your sister work, Jack? —She works in a . A. shop of cloth B. cloth’s shop C. shop with clothes D. clothes shop 错因分析有些考生会因为对名词作定语的用法运用不当而错选B。其实，clothes"服装"只有复数形式，而单数形式"布店"应用shop for cloth或cloth shop，因此，根据语境可知，正确答案选D。 名词作定语时一般用其单数形式，然而，名词parents, clothes, sports等，作定语时必须要使用其复数形式。另外，man, woman作定语时，如果中心词是单数，则用其单数形式；如果中心词是复数，则用其复数形式。 易错点4 对不可数名词的应用判断失误 【典例】—I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week. —Yes. It’s necessary to have good knowledge of histor y. A. the；不填 B. a；不填 C. the; a D. a; a 错因分析考生可能以为第一空是特指对方上周所借给"我"的小说，故应填定冠词；第二空后面是抽象名词，为不可数名词，不填冠词，于是错选A。然而，此处knowledge之前须用不定冠词，have a good knowledge of意为"对……很了解"，是固定搭配，故正确答案选C。英语(论坛)中，有些抽象名词，如knowledge, history, failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise, honour等表示抽象概念时，其前面不用不定冠词，如：with pleasure, in surprise等。但是，当表示具体的概念时，其前面须用不定冠词，也可以用其复数形式。