高三英语一轮复习语法小专题学案(写作基本句型主谓宾SVO)

句子基本结构和成分1句子基本句型英语基本句型分为五种：主谓SV、主谓宾SVO、主系表SLP、主谓双宾SVOO、主谓宾宾补SVOC。

五种句型概述：句型主语谓语/系动词宾语/表语备注主谓SV Everybody laughed.主系表SLP She is a teacher.主谓宾SVO I love you.主谓双宾SVOO David asked me a question.其中‘me’和‘a question’两个宾语。

主谓宾宾补SVOC They painted the wall white.其中，white 为宾补修饰宾语the wall。

1.1主谓句型（Subject Predicate Verb-SV）1.1.1解析主谓句型与主谓宾句型最大的区别在于谓语动词的及物与不及物。

英语把及物动词叫做 transitive verb,不及物动词叫做intransitive verb.”transitive”在英语中是传递的意思，所以，如果动词表示的动作可以直接传递到某个事物，则称为及物动词，反之称为不及物动词。

及物动词与不及物动词又可以称为外动作词和内动作词。

外动作词是动作涉及或（达到）别的事物的动词，内动作词是动作凝于或止于主体本身的动词。

1.1.2基本结构：主语+不及物动词1.1.3主语可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy)，主格代词(如you)，数词，动词不定式，动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家。

1.1.4谓语谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后，后接宾语。

但谓语可以是不及物动词(vi.)，没有宾语，形成主谓结构。

1.1.5例句分析：（1）The sun is rising. 太阳正在升起。

（2）Tim is sleeping. 蒂姆正在睡觉。

（3）The train is arriving.火车要到站了。

（4）We waited and waited. 我们等了又等。

2021年高三英语第一轮复习语法专题（1）学案外研版必修4✧虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测。

虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，主要有以下几种情况：从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式 (be 的过去式用were)would(could/should/might)＋动词原形与过去事实相反had＋动词过去分词would(could/should/might)＋have＋过去分词与将来事实可能相反动词过去式/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形would(could/should/might)＋动词原形✧If she knew English，she wouldn’t ask me for help.✧如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。

✧If I were you，I would go to hospital.✧如果我是你，我会去医院的。

✧If I had known her number，I would have called her.✧如果我知道她的电话号码的话，我就给她打电话了。

✧If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out.✧如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。

✧注意：(1)在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，助动词had或should，可以把if省略，而把这几个词放到主语之前，构成倒装结构。

✧Were it necessary，I might resign.✧如果需要的话，我可以辞职。

✧Should they have patience，they could do the work well.✧如果他们有耐心的话，他们就可能把这项工作做好。

✧Had he worked harder，he would have got through the exams.✧他当时要是学习努力点的话，就会通过这些考试了。

学习时间_____年____月____日班级姓名教学内容写作基本句型主谓（SV）课型写作写作基本句型——主谓SVThe bus is coming. 公共汽车来了。

这是“主语+谓语”句型，其中，谓语动词为不及物动词(vi. )，不接宾语，可以表达完整的意思。

不及物动词及短语有很多，常见的有：talk vi. 交谈；谈话 arrive vi. 到达listen vi. 听；听从 chat vi. 闲谈；聊天wander vi. 闲逛；走神 exist vi. 存在disappear vi. 出现, 显露 appear vi. 消失rise vi. 上升；起身 arise vi. 产生；出现happen vi. 发生 occur vi. 发生；出现go vi. 去；走；离开 die vi. 死；停止运行fall vi. 落下；垮台 diet vi. 节食ski vi. 滑雪 function vi. 运行，起作用ache vi. 痛, 疼痛；渴望 apologize vi. 道歉hesitate vi. 犹豫 flow vi. 流；流动sneeze vi. 打喷嚏 conflict vi. 冲突；抵触thunder vi. 打雷；吼collapse vi. 坍塌；晕倒correspond vi. 相一致dive vi. 潜水；跳水differ vi. 不同，发生分歧flash vi. 闪光；掠过pay off 取得成功break down 发生故障wake up 醒来take place 发生；举行注：(1) 有的词既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词，意思大致不变。

如：On January 1st, the New Year begins. 1月1日新年开始了。

(vi. )He began his diet a week ago. 他在一星期前开始节食。

(vt. )They surf, ski and ride. 他们冲浪、滑雪和骑马。

2017届高三语法复习（一）简单句的五种基本句型一)、主系表结构（SVP）=主语+连系动词+表语1.Mr. Brown is an engineer.2.He is handsome.3.This bike is not his.4.My mother is in good health.5.The machine is out of order. / His father is out of work.6.The television was on. / Time is up. / School is over. / .I’ll be off. / My father is in.7.My advice is to tell the truth. 8.Seeing is believing.9.The old man seems deaf. 10.He appeared tired.11.The food looks inviting . 12.The cake tastes delicious13.This idea sounds great. 14.These flowers smell sweet.15.She felt a little cold. 16.The dress feels very soft.17. Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. He has become a writer.18. The leaves have turned green. He has turned writer.19.It’s getting warmer and warmer. 20.His dream has come true.21.The potatoes went bad in the fields. 22.The river ran dry.23.When the children grow up,the parents grow old. 24.That baby fell asleep.25.Children seldom keep quiet . 26.The language stayed the same.27.He remained silent / a worker./ in the classroom ./ seated there / sitting there.28. He proved ( to be) a very strict teacher. 29. The whole area has lain waste for many years. 30. get ready/ married/ lost/ killed/ burnt go bad/mad/ wrong / hungry fall ill/asleep/silentkeep quiet / fit / healthy lie idle stand still二)、主谓结构（S V）=主语+不及物动词1 Time flies. 2. The sun rises in the east. 3.The sun sets in the west.4. I can swim .5. Classes begin at eight every day.6.I lived in Beijing five years ago.7. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.8. My grandfather gets up early in the morning.9.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 10. The pen writes smoothly三)、主谓宾结构（SVO）=主语+及物动词+宾语1. I wrote a letter last night.2. Who knows the answer?3. He enjoys reading.4. I want to have a cup of tea.5. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.6.She is doing her homework carefully.7. Jim cannot dress himself.8. I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.9. He has read this book many times. 10. They have carried out the plan successfully. 四）、主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd）=主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?4.He showed the ticket to the conductor.5. Please hand him a book .6..I lent her my bike.7.Careless driving cost him his life.8.The boy sent me the message. 9. Who will fetch me some chalk?10. He bought a new coat for his mother with his first month’s salary.五）、主谓宾宾补结构（SVOCo）=主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语1. All of us considered him honest.2. He asked me to come back soon.3. This set them thinking.4.I want you to tell me the truth.5.The guards ordered us to leave at once.6.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.7She is listening to someone telling stories. 8.We won’t let her go out at night.9.He has his hair cut once a month. 10.The terrible sound made the children frightened.附：There be句型一 1.There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.There are two girls and a boy in the hall.There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room.2.There was a meeting in our school yesterday.Is there going to be any activity tonight？There can't be any mistakes in his passage.3.There used to be a book store on the corner.There is likely to be something wrong with his computer.There seems to be something the matter with her.4.Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple.There stands a History Museum near the station.二There are still many things for us to do.我们还有很多的事情要做。

02 写作微课堂1．主语——句子的主体主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是谁或什么。

主语通常由名词(短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式（短语）、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。

Nowadays，after。

class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.现如今，在高中课外活动变得越来越流行。

（名词短语作主语)（2014·江西高考）Besides, developing a good habit of learning can help you improve your learning effectively.另外,养成良好的学习习惯能帮助你有效地提高你的学习。

(动名词短语作主语) （2014·浙江高考)What we need most are popular science books。

我们最需要的是科普书。

（从句作主语)2．谓语—-主语的行为谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征.谓语只能由动词（短语)充当，有人称、数和时态的变化.（2015·安徽高考)I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.长期以来，我一直对太空探索感兴趣,我相信我可以从他那里学到很多知识.（实义动词作谓语)(2014·湖南高考）The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too simple and dull.手表在我们日常生活中是必要的，但它的功能太简单呆板了。

（系表结构作谓语）3．宾语——动作的对象宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。

2023届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习教案（精选2篇）2023届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习篇1高考语法专题：情景交际考纲新研读1.交际项目一般体现在40个常见的语言功能项目中，重点考查相互介绍、打电话、表达欣赏、征询意见、看法、意见、预测、劝说等。

2.干扰项的设置主要考虑了以下三点：(1)中西方不同的思维方式；(2)交际功能不同，但字面意思相近的表达；(3)重交际规则(如约定俗成、礼貌得体的表达)，轻语法规则(是否符合语法规则)。

高考新剖析1. —poor steve! i could hardly recognize him just now!—____________.he has changed so much.［XX年高考山东卷］a. never mindb. no problemc. not at alld. me neitherd2. —we’re organizing a party next saturday, and i’d like you tocome.—____________! i have another one that day. thank you just the same.［XX年高考天津卷］a. good luckb. what a pityc. never do it againd. well done3. —putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends butalso makes us feel better.—____________.［XX年高考天津卷］a. i’d love tob. i’m with you on thatc. it’s up to youd. it’s my pleasure4. —hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself. everything ok?—____________.［XX年高考浙江卷］a. i’m fine, thanksb. sure, it isc. that’s goodd. it’s ok5. —do you want another drink?—____________.［XX年高考浙江卷］a. i don’t think sob. no wayc. not at alld. i wouldn’t say nobbad6. ____________,the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the jobitself is quite interesting.［XX年高考浙江卷］a. generally speakingb. on the contraryc. in particulard. to be honest7. —you are confident about the job interview, aren’t you?—____________.i’m well prepared and feel i’ve goteverything they need. ［XX年高考重庆卷］a. sure, i amb. it’s hard to sayc. i hope sod. well, maybe8. —ken, ____________ ,but your tv is going too loud.—oh, i’m sorry. i’ll turn it down right now.［XX年高考重庆卷］a. i’d like to talk with youb. i’m really tired of thisc. i hate to say thisd. i need your helpdac9. — could you be so kind as to close the window?—____________.［XX年高考安徽卷］a. with pleasureb. go aheadc. yes, pleased. that’s ok10. —thank you for your mp4 player. i’ll get mary to take it toyou soon.—____________.i’ve bought a new one.［XX年高考江西卷］a. no senseb. no hurryc. no wayd. no use11. —it looks heavy. can i give you a hand?—____________.［XX年高考全国卷ⅰ］a. no, thanksb. yes, my pleasurec. no, never mindd. yes, i do12. —is it ok if i take this seat?—sorry, _________.［XX年高考辽宁卷］a. here you areb. take itc. it’s takend. never mindabac13. —bill, can i get you anything to drink?—____________.［XX年高考江苏卷］a. you are welcomeb. no problemc. i wouldn’t mind a coffeed. doesn’t matter14. —i just can’t stop worrying about the result of the jobinterview.—____________.there is nothing you can do now but wait.［XX年高考天津卷］a. relaxb. go aheadc. go for itd. good luck15. —i have some big news for you. you’ve been ac cepted as amember of our club.—_________that’s a great! ［XX年高考安徽卷］a. have i?b. pardon?c. congratulations!d. good idea!caa精题新探究1. —you’ve made lots of mistakes in the exam.—____________—i’ll give you a second chance.a. you must be kidding.b. i’m afraid not.c. how come?d. what should i do?2. —i’m so tired, helping the family with the work in the field.—why not take a rest, then?—____________.a. because i have no timeb. maybe i shouldc. sorry, i can’t tell you about itd. i don’t know it3. —i’m sorry i can’t go with you.—____________?haven’t you agreed?a. how is itb. what is itc. why don’t youd. what do you thinkdba4. —beijing airport, please. i’ll be there by ten.—____________,but i’ll do my best.a. no problemb. all rightc. i can’t promised. it’s impossible5. —i’ll come to see you this afternoon. shall i bring something toread?—ok, ____________.a. you’re welcomeb. by no meansc. take your timed. so much the better6. —i want to go to the library, but i’m afraid i’m not in theright_________.—____________.go ahead.a. way; nob. distance; noc. direction; yesd. side; yes7. —excuse me, i’d like some minutes to have a talk with you.—____________?a. what’s onb. what is itc. what ifd. what’s upcdcd8. —it’s a very interesting book.—____________.—and thank you very much for letting me keep it so long.a. i’m glad you like itb. that’s all rightc. don’t mention itd. i hope you like it9. —i’ve decided to spen d the summer holidays traveling inaustralia.—oh, ____________！a. if only i could go with youb. what good news it isc. how happy i was to hear thatd. how exciting to hear the news10. —excuse me!—____________?—could you tell me how i can get to the first department?a. pardonb. whyc. yesd. please.aac11. —i had a great time in the summer holidays. we went scuba-diving(配戴水肺的潜水)in hawaii.—wow! _________a. i’m going to hawaii, too.b. how generous you are!c. that sounds really cool!d. enjoy yourself!12. —we really enjoyed ourselves at the party. thanks again, mr.and mrs. smith.—____________.just drop in whenever you feel like it.a. nice having you hereb. nice to meet you herec. our great honord. with pleasure13. —jimmy came close to being killed in a traffic accident theother day.—____________?he was driving carefully all the time.a. whenb. whatc. pardond. howcab14. —do you think i can pass the test?—____________,i’m afraid.a. not a chanceb. of coursec. you cand. a little bit15. —next monday is my birthday.—is that so? _________—thank you.a. i don’t believe so.b. i’m so glad.c. what presents do you need?d. many happy returns of the day!ad2023届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习教案篇2被动语态的时态只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词加介词也可构成被动语态，宾语变成了主语，主语是动作的承受者：1.一般现在时(am/is/are + done)：you are wanted on the phone.the great wall of china is known all over the world.2.一般过去时(was/were + done)：the city was liberated in 1948.i was asked to do this work.3.一般将来时(will be done)：they will be invited to the party.the matter will be discussed at the next meeting.4.现在进行时(am/is/are + being done)：the car is being repaired.the question is being discussed at the meeting.5.现在完成时(have/has been done)：the bridge has already been built.this story has been translated into english.6.过去将来时(would be done)：he said that the trees would be planted.7.过去进行时(was/were being done)：the machine was being painted then.8.过去完成时(had been done)：the work had been finished before dark.9.带情态动词的被动语态(can be done)：this bike must not be put here.can it be finished in two hours?10.带不定式的被动语态：the murderer was sure to be punished.the flowers want to be watered.高考新剖析1. my parents have promised to come to see me before i __________for africa. ［XX年高考辽宁卷］a. have leftb. leavec. leftd. will leave2. progress__________ so far very good and we are sure thatthework will be finished on time.［XX年高考全国卷ⅱ］a. wasb. had beenc. has beend. will bebc3. this is the first time we __________a film in the cinema togetheras a family.［XX年高考陕西卷］a. seeb. had seenc. sawd. have seen4. would you please keep silent? the weather report__________,and i want to listen.［XX年高考湖南卷］a. is broadcastb. is being broadcastc. has been broadcastd. had been broadcast5. —hi, terry, can i use your computer for a while this afternoon?—sorry. __________.［XX年高考江苏卷］a. it’s repairedb. it has been repairedc. it’s being repairedd. it had been repaired6. — have you known dr jackson for a long time?—yes, since she __________ the chinese society.［XX年高考全国卷ⅰ］a. has joinedb. joinsc. had joinedd. joineddbcd7. —what is the price of petrol these days?—oh, it__________ sharply since last month.［XX年高考江西卷］a. is raisedb. has risenc. has arisend. is increased8. —you speak very good french!—thanks. i__________ french in sichuan university for fouryears.［XX年高考四川卷］a. studiedb. studyc. was studyingd. had studied9. the hotel wasn’t particularly good, but i __________in manyworse hotels.［XX年高考北京卷］a. was stayingb. stayedc. would stayd. had stayed10. according to the literary review, shakespeare__________ hischaracters live through their language in his plays.［XX年高考福建卷］a. will makeb. had madec. was makingd. makesbadd11. he__________ footballs regularly for many years when he wasyoung.［XX年高考天津卷］a. was playingb. playedc. has playedd. had played12. in recent years many football clubs__________ as business tomake a profit.［XX年高考上海卷］a. have runb. have been runc. had been rund. will run13. cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class atsunshine school, where she__________ english for a year.a. studiesb. studiedc is studying d. has been studying14. —i have got a headache.—no wonder. you __________ in front of that computer too long.a. workb. are workingc. have been workingd. workedbbdc15. —tom, you didn’t come to the party last night.—i__________, but i suddenly remembered i had homework to do.a. had tob. didn’tc. was going tod. wouldn’t精题新探究1. put away everything and put them where they were before orthe librarian__________ you.a. will punishb. punishesc. is punishingd. will have punished2. judy __________me, but she was ill and couldn’t come.a. metb. was going to meetc. had metd. would meet3. —why did we not see tom at mary’s birthday party last night?—it was said that he__________ ill.a . had been b. was c. has been d. iscabb4. the bodyguard examined the house carefully and then foundthat a strange object__________ to the ceiling.a. had been fixedb. was being fixedc. had fixedd. was fixing5. my parents__________ in hong kong. they were born thereand have never lived anywhere else.a. liveb. livedc. were livingd. will live6. every one of you must put every book where they__________just now and leave immediately.a. take awayb. were taken awayc. are taken awayd. took away7. being popular with customers, the products__________ welland maybe __________in two months.a. sell; sell outb. are sold; sell outc. sell; will be sold outd. are sold; will be sold outaabc8. the terrible earthquake attacked some areas of sichuanprovince on the afternoon of may 12, ,which__________ .a. had not been expectedb. is not expectedc. didn’t expectd. was not expecting9. according to the rule, anyone_________ to enter the secretscience lab without the permission of professor wang.a. will forbidb. forbidsc. has been forbiddend. is forbidden10. while the world trade center has fallen, world economyit__________ create continues.a. helpedb. had helpedc. helpsd. is helping11. —since you have your own bike, why use mine?—something is wrong with mine and it __________by my father.a. is being repairedb. was being repairedc. is repairingd. has repairedadaa12. since i came here two years ago, great changes__________ inthe factory and many people want to come here to pay a visit.a. have been taken placeb. had been taken placec. have taken placed. are taking place13. i must __________immediately because i have got a high feverand i am afraid i can’t finish the work on time.a. replaceb. be replacingc. be replacedd. have replaced14. although all of the apples __________,none of them__________ good.a. have been tasted; tasteb. have been tasted; are tastedc. have tasted; tasted. have tasted; are tasted15. these kinds of flowers __________well if they are planted inthe place.a. have growb. will be grownc. are grownd. will growcadc。

英语五种基本句型英语简单句的五个基本句型基本句型一：S+V 主语 ＋ 谓语（不及物动词） 基本句型二：S+V+O 主语 ＋ 谓语（及物动词）＋宾语 基本句型三：S+V+P 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋表语基本句型四：S+V+O+O 主语 ＋ 谓语（双宾动词）＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 基本句型五：S+V+O+C 主语 ＋ 谓语（宾补动词） ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语1. 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb ）The students work very hard. 学生们学习很努力。

2. 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb ）+宾语（object ）S +V +O.句型特点： 谓语动词都是及物动词，都具有实义意义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。

E.g. We are learning English. 我们正在学习英语。

Do you know him? 你认识他吗？You can put the books in your bag. 你可以把这些书放在你的书包里。

3. 主语（subject ）+系动词（link verb ）+表语（predicative ）S+ V +P.句型特点：谓语动词是系动词,不能表达完整的意思，其后必须接一个能表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。

常见的系动词有:be(是),become(成为),get(变得),turn(变得),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎),keep(保4. 主语（subject）＋谓语（verb）＋间接宾语（indirect object）＋直接宾语(direct object)S+V+INO+DO.句型特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。

8 basic sentence structuresLearning aims1.Discover 8 basic sentence structures2.Analyze the meaning of different structures3.Create your own sentences/ passages with target sentences structures.Step One: PracticeⅠ. 按要求找出下列句中的句子成分并写在横线上。

1．You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.宾语_____________ 2．Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.直接宾语_____________ ；间接宾语_____________3．Soon they all became interested in the subject.表语_____________4．The man downstairs was trying to sleep.定语_____________5．The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.定语_____________6．She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. 宾语补足语_____________7．You will find it useful after you leave school.宾语补足语_____________ 8．Every night he heard the noise upstairs.状语_____________9．I am afraid that if you've lost it，you must pay for it.状语_____________ 10．Carol，an American teacher，will come to our school. 同位语_____________ A．S V (主＋谓) B．S V P(主＋系＋表)C．S V O (主＋谓＋宾) D．S V O O(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)E．S V O C (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)2．Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.3．Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?4．The days get longer and longer when summer comes.5．My father bought a new bike for me last week.6．They found the house decorated with beautiful flowers.7．They arrived here at 10：00 yesterday morning.8．The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.Step Two: Lead in---Talk and ShareRecall the first day you entered Xingyuan , and discuss the following questions with your desk mate.➢How did you feel ?➢What would you do in the new campus? Are there any plans?➢Have you already achieved your goals?Step Three：Analyze the sentence structures.1.The movie ‘Flipped’ tells us about teenage life and love.主语__________________2.Bryce and Julie are the two main characters in the film. 主语__________________3.The boy met the girl when they were little kids. 谓语__________________4.Julie loves those dazzling eyes. 谓语__________________5.Julie Baker is an outgoing girl. 表语__________________6.She seemed very happy when climbing on a tree. 表语__________________7.You never forget your first love. 宾语__________________8.One day, Julie bought Bryce a nice gift. 宾语__________________9.The love story between them is really impressive. 状语___________________10.They met each other again on a welcome party for the freshmen. 状语___________________11.They found the old tree withered, so they planted a new one. 宾补___________________Step Four：PracticeⅠImitate the structures, and create your own.ⅡTry to write a passage on“My favorite film”. You are expected to use 8 basic sentence structures we have learned.（My favorite film is…I love……in this film. I find it…There is/are…）Step Five：Homework假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark希望向你了解国画的有关知识，因你临时有事，原定见面时间需要推迟。